A kind of method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by microwave cooperating nanometer silver
Technical field
The invention belongs to feather clean technologies field, relate to a kind of new method to down odor removal sterilization, more particularly to a kind of method eider down being carried out deodorizing sterilizing by microwave cooperating nano zinc oxide material.
Background technology
Before the nineties in last century, the relevant auxiliary agent of washing feather relies primarily on Henkel KGaA and Japan lion Liang Jia oil and fat chemical company. Until nineteen ninety, feather, down detergent, deodorizer etc. are developed at home in succession. At present, the quality of domestic detergent has basically reached the level of same kind of products at abroad, but deodorizer, finishing agent etc. there is also certain gap. How to shorten as early as possible and to eliminate these gaps, for this eider down big producing country of China, having important practical significance and good market prospect.
Eider down is the long abdominal part in geese and ducks, becomes the fine hair of Flos Phragmitis piece shape, different from the feather of slabbing, typically directly as the implant of clothes thus playing thermal effect. China is eider down maximum in the world and production of articles state, exported country and country of consumption, produces feather down about 200,000 tons per year, accounts for the 80% of world wide production. Different from the fabric that natural fiber or synthetic fibers are made, owing to eider down is a kind of animal protein fiber, quality is more fluffy, heat-insulating property is high, it is more suitable for the growth and breeding of antibacterial, if therefore the feather after washing in Eider down processing has trace dirt to remain again not past sterilization and deodorization, is easy to breed bacteria once make moist. Washing but after the feather drying that deodorization processes, there are not some abnormal flavour, specifically include that the urine smell taste of the oils and fats of birds sweat gland secretion in 1. feather growth process, this is the main odor of feather; 2. feather, down fiber is decomposed the abnormal smells from the patient decomposing dirt thing produced by anaerobe. How not only ensureing eider down quality but also reduce cost, protecting environment, this has become the key technical problem of Feather and down industry. Therefore, safe and efficient, cheap and environmental protection the eider down process for sterilizing task of top priority is developed.
Current deodorizing method can be divided into two types by mechanism: (1) physics smelly eliminating;(2) chemical stink elimination. Physical deodorization agent is to carry out deodorization by physical method, does not have chemical change to occur, utilize the physical property of deodorizer or foul smell during smelly eliminating, do not change the result of odor components, only change the local concentration of foul smell or perhaps relative concentration, common are absorbing and deodorizing agent, cover deodorizer etc. Adsorptivity deodorizer is usually activated carbon and kieselguhr, and its shortcoming is that absorption has selectivity, and as activated carbon is just not good to the smelly eliminating effect of the amine substance such as ammonia, trimethylamine, and smelly eliminating speed is slower. Sheltering deodorizer is shelter stench with materials such as natural aromatic oil, spice. Mainly for being much difficult to the stink removed or the cumbersome down feather material of deodorization, it is mixed in proportion several gas having gas position, to alleviate stench, such as traditional freshener etc., though physical deodorization method is simple, but weak effect, persistency is bad, can not effectively eliminating harmful foul smell composition, foul smell actually still exists. Chemical deodorizing agent is to utilize oxidation, reduction decomposition, neutralization reaction, additive reaction, condensation reaction, ion-exchange reactions etc. the odorant of generation to be become odorless material thus eliminating foul smell. Major chemical processes has: 1. with in organic acid and the organic basic thing such as amine. 2. the amphoteric surfactant of selective dissolving amine ability is adopted. 3. adopt reducing agent reduction and absorption inorganic and organic by the part of atmospheric oxidn. 4. cover depressed area with coating containment agent and isolate sources of odor. This deodorizing method to use more organic reagent, can produce substantial amounts of organic wastewater, pollutes thus producing second time.
Microwave sterilization is the environment amenable green sterilization technique that development in recent years is got up, and has speed fast, energy-conservation, efficiently and the advantage such as environmental protection. Microwave heating is different from traditional heating, and traditional heating is from outward appearance to inner essence carried out by radiation, convection current and conduction these three mode, and the interaction of microwave and organism is a very complicated process, is divided into heat effect and non-thermal effect two kinds. When organism is subject to microwave radiation, microwave transmission organism is produced comprehensive organism effect result after being absorbed, and under the same conditions, microwave disinfection lethal temperature is lower than conventionally pasturised. Current research is thought, during microwave disinfection, except heat effect, also has the biological effect of non-heating power, and the two has synergistic function, kills the effect of microorganism. Microwave non-thermal effect refers to not produce inside organism obvious intensification, but can produce strong biological response, makes to occur in organism the change of various physiology, biochemistry and function, causes bacterial death, reaches sterilization purpose. Its mechanism mainly has following several: (1), in microwave, food main component nucleic acid and protein can produce variation, promote microbial death; (2) medical research finds, microwave can affect, disturb DNA to replicate normally, shift, synthesize and the activity such as modification; (3) food scientific research finds, enzyme common in food is comparatively sensitive to microwave; (4) from cytobiology angle analysis, in microwave field, can there are mechanical injuries in cell membrane, makes intracellular matter leak outside, and affects its growth and breeding; (5) reduce water activity, destroy the living environment of microorganism; Dipole molecule rotates and tends to linear array in mutual sedimentation tank, thus causing the change of Protein secondary, tertiary structure, cause that antibacterial asks biological death, be now applied to the field such as food and medical treatment, can effectively kill the antibacterials such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.Additionally, in sterilization process, microwave has the effect of Drying Down simultaneously. Nanometer silver is to be recognized the strongest nano antibacterial agent, and the possible Antibacterial Mechanism of nanometer silver mainly has two kinds: one is that haptoreaction is said, silver ion haptoreaction is destroyed the total composition of microorganism or makes its function generation obstacle. When micro silver ion contacts with microbial cell film, because the latter is electronegative, the two relies on Coulomb attraction to make its strong bonded, silver ion penetration cell wall enters in cell and reacts with-SH, make protein coagulating, destroy the activity of cell synzyme, cause cell loss splitting ability and dead. Silver ion also can hinder the electronics of microorganism to transport, breathes, substance delivery system properly functioning. The second is that catalytic reaction is said, the trace silver energy catalysis of material surface produces active center. Silver ion activates the oxygen in air or water, produces hydroxyl radical free radical (OH) and active oxygen (O2 -), these reactive oxygen species can damage cells interior various important macromolecule and film, can form other activating oxides, it is suppressed that microbial reproduction and energy for growth, thus playing antibacterial effect simultaneously. Owing to nanometer silver is prone to by being coated with or the method such as printing and dyeing is attached on fabric, antibacterial process is made to become simple effective, but with fabric the difference is that, eider down its own shape and using method are special, cause that the deodorization and sterilization field that nanometer silver is applied to eider down is studied less at present, and there is no microwave and silver oxide nano material are worked in coordination with the research application carrying out deodorization and sterilization.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by microwave cooperating nanometer silver.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by microwave cooperating nanometer silver, including following operating procedure: the eider down after water washed is mixed with sterilized water, add nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, microwave power is 200��400W, the mass ratio of microwave exposure 1��6min, eider down and nanometer silver is 1:0.5��1:4, and microwave exposure temperature is 38��50 DEG C; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing.
The mass ratio of described eider down and nanometer silver is preferably 1:3.
The time of described microwave exposure sets and is preferably 5min.
Described microwave power set is preferably 300W.
Described microwave exposure temperature is preferably 50 DEG C.
The evaporation of described filtration gained filtrate removes moisture, then dries recovery nanometer silver at 80 DEG C, and sterilizing Posterior circle uses.
Compared to the prior art the present invention, has the advantage that and beneficial effect:
(1) present invention and the nano material " coating " reported before, " printing and dyeing " technique are different, nanometer silver is directly mixed with the eider down after cleaning, technique simple and fast, microwave exposure is adopted to replace irradiation under ultraviolet ray, avoid that irradiation under ultraviolet ray is uneven, irradiate after produce the problem such as dry after ozone pollution environment, eider down sterilizing, result display nanometer silver antibacterial effect under microwave exposure is good, and recyclable recycling. There is no at present and microwave and nanometer silver are worked in coordination with the research application carrying out deodorization and sterilization.
(2) deodorizer that eider down industry deodorizing sterilizing uses at present not only consumes water resource in a large number, produces a large amount of organic wastewater and forms secondary pollution. Use nano silver material sterilizes, and sterilization rate is high, and security performance is good, adds the collaborative efficient sterilizing deodorization of microwave, defines the deodorization and sterilization new technology of high-efficiency environment friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
The material that following example adopt is:
Oil solubility nanometer Ag (Beijing Deco Dao Jin Science and Technology Ltd., purity is more than 99.95%);
95% ethanol (Tianjin Yong great chemical reagent company limited, analytical pure);
Nutrient agar (Huankai Microbes Tech Co., Ltd., Guangdong);
Other reagent is analytical pure (Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory).
The instrument that following example adopt is:
Portable steam disinfector YX-280B type (Jiangyin Binjiang Medical Equipment Plant);
HJ-6B six magnetic stirring apparatus (White Tower Xin Bao instrument plant of Jintan City);
WF-4000 normal pressure microwave quick-reaction system (Shanghai Yi Yao Instrumental Analysis company limited).
Embodiment 1
By washed for 0.50g eider down sterilized water sucking filtration afterwards, transfer to equipped with, in the digestion bottle of 50mL sterilized water, putting into the rotor after sterilizing, fully shake up, the total plate count in eider down before mensuration microwave; Adding 0.50g nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, set microwave power as 100W, microwave exposure temperature is 50 DEG C; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing. The impact on microwave cooperating nano material titanium antibacterial effect of the microwave exposure different time, result is in Table 1.
The impact on antibacterial effect of the table 1 microwave time
Under above-mentioned equal conditions, only changing the microwave time, microwave time 0.5min antibiotic rate is only 30.6%; Microwave time 7min antibiotic rate is only 46.1%.
Embodiment 2
By washed for eider down sterilized water sucking filtration afterwards, transfer to equipped with, in the digestion bottle of 50mL sterilized water, putting into the rotor after sterilizing, fully shake up, the total plate count in eider down before mensuration microwave; Adding nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, set microwave power as 100W, microwave exposure temperature is 50 DEG C, and exposure time is 1min; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing. The impact of the different pairs of antibacterial effect of mass ratio of eider down and nanometer silver, result is in Table 2.
Table 2 eider down and the impact on antibacterial effect of the nanometer silver mass ratio
Under above-mentioned equal conditions, only changing eider down and nano zine oxide mass ratio, mass ratio is 1:0.25, and antibiotic rate is 0%; Mass ratio is 1:5, and antibiotic rate is only 51.1%.
Embodiment 3
By washed for 0.50g eider down sterilized water sucking filtration afterwards, transfer to equipped with, in the digestion bottle of 50mL sterilized water, putting into the rotor after sterilizing, fully shake up, the total plate count in eider down before mensuration microwave; Adding 0.50g nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, set microwave power as 100W, exposure time is 2min; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing. The impact on microwave cooperating nano material titanium antibacterial effect of the microwave exposure different temperatures, result is in Table 3.
Table 3 temperature is on the impact on antibacterial effect
Under above-mentioned equal conditions, only changing microwave temperature, microwave temperature 35 DEG C, antibiotic rate is 0%.
Embodiment 4
By washed for 0.50g eider down sterilized water sucking filtration afterwards, transfer to equipped with, in the digestion bottle of 50mL sterilized water, putting into the rotor after sterilizing, fully shake up, the total plate count in eider down before mensuration microwave; Adding 0.50g nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, set microwave exposure temperature as 50 DEG C, exposure time is 1min; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing. The impact on microwave cooperating nano material titanium antibacterial effect of the different capacity microwave exposure, result is in Table 4.
The impact on antibacterial effect of table 4 microwave power
Embodiment 5
After eider down is washed with water, mix with sterilized water, the total plate count in eider down before mensuration microwave; Adding nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, microwave power is 300W, microwave exposure 5min, and the mass ratio of eider down and nanometer silver is 1:3, and microwave exposure temperature is 50 DEG C; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing, antibiotic rate 88.02%.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 5 finally filtering the evaporation of gained filtrate and removes moisture, then dry recovery nanometer silver at 80 DEG C, sterilizing Posterior circle is applied to following instance: condition is embodiment 5 such as, and antibiotic rate is 85.71%.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are also not restricted to the described embodiments; the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modification, replacement, combination, simplification; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.