CN104607557A - Self-punching riveting device of ultrahigh strength steel plate and aluminum alloy plate - Google Patents
Self-punching riveting device of ultrahigh strength steel plate and aluminum alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104607557A CN104607557A CN201510058148.5A CN201510058148A CN104607557A CN 104607557 A CN104607557 A CN 104607557A CN 201510058148 A CN201510058148 A CN 201510058148A CN 104607557 A CN104607557 A CN 104607557A
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- strength steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/02—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder
- B21D39/026—Reinforcing the connection by locally deforming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/08—Riveting by applying heat, e.g. to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-punching riveting device of an ultrahigh strength steel plate and an aluminum alloy plate. The problem that in the prior art, under the premise that the mechanical property of the ultrahigh strength steel plate cannot be guaranteed, connecting of ultrahigh strength steel plate and aluminum alloy is achieved is solved. The self-punching riveting device of the ultrahigh strength steel plate and the aluminum alloy plate comprises a composite punch (1), a punch side pressing ring (22) and a composite concave die (14). The composite punch (1) comprises a first cooling gas pipeline (2) and a punch body (5). The composite side pressing ring (22) comprises a side pressing ring body (23). The composite side pressing ring (22) and the composite concave die (14) are arranged oppositely in an overlaying mode. The bottom face of the side pressing ring body (23) and the top end face of a concave die body (15) in the composite concave die (14) are in contact connection. The composite punch (1) is placed in a center hole of the side pressing ring body (23) and is in sliding connection. The rotation axes of the composite side pressing ring (22), the composite punch (1) and the composite concave die (14) are collinear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing unit (plant) in a kind of automobile manufacturing field, or rather, the present invention relates to the self-piercing riveting device of a kind of ultra-high strength steel plate and aluminium alloy plate.
Background technology
The energy, environmental problem highlight day by day in recent years, impel automobile industry at Lightweight Technology high speed development.By using lightweight in a large number, Materials with High Strength (as high-strength steel sheet, aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy etc.) realize vehicle body significantly loss of weight become body lightening means main.
Along with the raising of hardness of steel rank during welding steel, the situation of welding stability decline, plasticity and toughness variation, crack sensitivity rising, heat affected area performance change can be produced, reduce the serviceability of component, therefore traditional spot welding Joining Technology is difficult to the connection realized under ensureing not destroy the prerequisite of the mechanical property of AHSS plate between ultrahigh-strength steel plates.The larger difference in the physical attribute such as thermal conductivity and thermal coefficient of expansion due to the alloy in lightweight such as aluminium, magnesium and high-strength steel simultaneously, simultaneously contact surface easily and copper electrode generation alloying reaction form the features such as oxide-film, traditional resistance spot welding technique, adhesive bonding technique, solid phase joining technique etc. all also exist the connection that many disadvantages cannot realize advanced high-strength steel and aluminium alloy preferably.
Self-punching riveting technology developed a kind of new light sheet material MACHINERY JOINT faster in recent years.Self-pierce riveting technique can meet the connection request of the lightweight material such as steel or aluminium, without chemical reaction in riveting process, its anti-quiet pulling force and fatigue resistance are all better than spot-welding technology, and sheet material does not need boring when riveting, processing step simplifies, save cost, and the high efficiency production of body of a motor car can be applicable to, effectively break through each difficult problem that spot welding produces.
Existing self-punching riveting technology is when riveting the light alloy workpieces of the plasticity differences such as Al alloys andMg alloys, and easily make base material produce radial cracking and reduce joint fatigue performance, some generation embrittlement, even directly causes joint fails.When ultrahigh-strength steel plates is riveted, due to material strength limit too high (strength degree of ultrahigh-strength steel plates is generally at more than 1500Mpa), resistance of deformation is comparatively large, and the connectivity of corresponding ductility, plastic deformation and the nonferrous materials lower with other intensity (such as aluminium alloy, common low-intensity steel plate) is just poor.Therefore self-piercing riveting is carried out between ultrahigh-strength steel plates and aluminium alloy: add the requirement of equipment being rushed to riveting ability, rivet value on the one hand; On the other hand, the ultrahigh-strength steel plates of distortion difficulty makes the forming property of joint poor, and quality of connection is not high.
Steel plate complete phase transformation can change into austenite when temperature is more than 910 DEG C, and austenite has good ductility, and now the mouldability of plate can be strengthened greatly.During riveted joint, the temperature of plate is between 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C simultaneously, and at this moment the intensity of plate can be reduced to about 300Mpa from more than 1500Mpa when strain rate 10/s.
Utilize this character of super-high strength steel to heat in advance steel plate in the process of riveted joint and be conducive to plate shaping, thus obtain functional, that shape is intact riveting parts, reduce riveted joint Materials with High Strength to the requirement of self-piercing riveting equipment rivet force, frame stiffness simultaneously.
Quenching Rate has important impact to the mechanical property after steel formability, only when cooldown rate is higher than 27 DEG C/s, could be converted into the high martensite of intensity completely, thus obtain ultrahigh-strength steel plates after steel plate hot forming.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention overcomes the problem that prior art cannot realize the connection of super-high strength steel and aluminium alloy under the impregnable prerequisite of mechanical property ensureing ultrahigh-strength steel plates, provides a kind of ultra-high strength steel plate and aluminium alloy plate self-piercing riveting device.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: described ultra-high strength steel plate and the self-piercing riveting device of aluminium alloy plate comprise compound punch, compound blank holder and compound concave die.
Compound blank holder and compound concave die are relative stacked up and down, for contact connects between the top end face of the die main body in the bottom surface of the blank holder main body in compound blank holder and compound concave die, the centre bore that compound punch is placed in the blank holder main body of compound blank holder is interior for being slidably connected, the axis of rotation conllinear of compound blank holder, compound punch and compound concave die.
Compound punch described in technical scheme comprises the first cooling air pipe and punch body.Described punch body is hollow cylindrical structural part, external diameter is 4 ~ 8mm, bottom roundings radius is 0.5mm ~ 1mm, the center of punch body offers shoulder hole vertically, epimere is the first hollow circular hole, and the first open circles bore dia is 1mm ~ 3mm, and the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the aperture of the first hollow circular hole, the length of lower sector hole is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and the diameter that the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the first hollow circular hole is greater than the diameter of bore of the first cooling air pipe; It is interference fit in the first hollow circular hole that first cooling air pipe is arranged on punch body, the annular end face that first cold gas pipeline bottom face and the first hollow circular hole and lower sector hole are formed contacts and is connected, and the distance range of the first cold gas lower end of duct identity distance punch body bottom surface is 1mm ~ 3mm.
Compound blank holder described in technical scheme also comprises the identical spit tube of 4 structures thermistor identical with 4 structures.The spit tube that 4 structures are identical loads in the 3rd identical hollow circular hole of 4 structures in blank holder main body, for being threaded between the 3rd hollow circular hole that firn-jet head in the spit tube that 4 structures are identical is identical with 4 structures, the axes intersect of the spit tube that 4 structures are identical is located in the bottom center of blank holder main body, the thermistor that 4 structures are identical is arranged in the identical blank holder lower end square groove of 4 structures in blank holder main body, the blank holder conducting wire at lower end that 4 root architectures that the thermistor identical with 4 structures connects are identical is arranged in the identical blank holder lower end rectangular recess of 4 structures, the thermistor that 4 structures are identical protrudes from the bottom surface of blank holder main body, the thermistor that 4 structures are identical contacts with the upper plate (17) be connected and connects.
Blank holder main body described in technical scheme is annulus bodily form structural member, the center of blank holder main body is processed with central through hole, blank holder main body is provided with equably inclined hole i.e. the 3rd hollow circular hole that 4 structures are identical, the axis of rotation of the 3rd hollow circular hole that 4 structures are identical intersects at the place of bottom center of blank holder main body, machining screw on the hole wall of the 3rd hollow circular hole that 4 structures are identical; The base ring face of blank holder main body is provided with equably the blank holder lower end square groove that 4 structures are identical, the blank holder lower end rectangular recess that 4 structures that the outside of the blank holder lower end square groove that 4 structures are identical is diametrically arranged are identical.
The diameter of the 3rd hollow circular hole that the structure of 4 described in technical scheme is identical is 8 ~ 15mm, it is 35 ° ~ 55 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, the blank holder lower end square groove that 4 structures are identical is not communicated with the centre bore of blank holder main body, and the blank holder lower end rectangular recess that the identical blank holder lower end square groove of 4 structures is identical with 4 structures is connected.
Compound concave die described in technical scheme comprises the second cooling air pipe and die main body.Described die main body is disc-like structural member, the center on die main body top arranges an annular die cavity and concave die cavity, concave die cavity is by cylindrical hole sidewall, taper seat and the spheroidal end face of the formation boss of base plane and center form, cross section is adopted to be that No. 1 circle ring surface of circular arc line is connected between base plane and the bottom of cylindrical hole sidewall, cross section is adopted to be that No. 2 circle ring surfaces of circular arc line are connected between base plane and the bottom of taper seat, the axis of rotation of boss and the axis of rotation conllinear of annular die cavity, the second hollow circular hole vertical with die body floor is processed with in the center of boss.It is interference fit that second cooling air pipe is installed in the second hollow circular hole, and the top end face of the second cooling air pipe is lower than die boss end face.
The cylindrical hole sidewall diameter of the concave die cavity described in technical scheme is 8mm ~ 12mm, base plane is 1.2mm ~ 2mm apart from the top end face distance range of die main body, the bottom roundings radius of bottom roundings radius and connecting cylinder hole sidewall and base plane, base plane and taper seat is 0.5mm ~ 2mm, the formation taper seat of boss and the angle of vertical direction are 40 ° ~ 60 °, the spheroidal end face diameter of boss is 2mm ~ 3mm, the distance range that boss end face can be higher or lower than the top end face of die main body is 0mm ~ 2mm, and the second open circles bore dia is 1mm ~ 3mm.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the non-ferrous metal such as magnadure owing to having higher thermal conductivity, surface is oxidizable, therefore traditional spot welding Joining Technology is difficult to realize the connection between almag plate.Because fusing point and thermal expansion coefficient difference are comparatively large when particularly the dissimilar metal spot welding such as steel and almag is connected, during welding, solder joint occurs being difficult to hard and crisp metallic compound realize welding point effectively.The self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate adopts the self-piercing riveting be mechanically connected effectively to solve this problem, avoid the generation of fragile material crackle in riveted joint forming process, realize the connection between super-high strength steel and aluminium alloy.
2. the intensity of super-high strength steel very high (more than 1500Mpa), existing spot-welding technology is difficult to weld ultrahigh-strength steel plates under the prerequisite of the mechanical property not affecting super-high strength steel.Simultaneously because the strength degree of super-high strength steel is too high, existing self-pierce riveting device also cannot connect between super-high strength steel and aluminium alloy.The self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate is for this situation, the basis of traditional self-pierce riveting device is added the riveted joint region of bluster heater to super-high strength steel and carries out local heat, make it complete austenitizing, reduce the strength degree of material, add ductility and the mobility of material.The rivet force needed when this reduces requirement and the riveted joint super-high strength steel of the riveting mould that liquidates, makes the self-pierce riveting of super-high strength steel connect and becomes feasible.Bluster heating simultaneously has more advantage compared to LASER HEATING, laser heating device volume is large, prior art is more difficult realizes device miniaturization and equipment manufacturing cost is expensive, and the equipment volume of bluster heating is little, prior art comparatively maturation easily realize the requirement of various remodeling and cost is low.
3. carry out self-piercing riveting after bluster heating ultrahigh-strength steel plates, if rivet the quench rate of region steel plate lower than 27 DEG C/s after having riveted, then austenite cannot be phase-changed into martensite completely, strength degree can drop to 600Mpa (the original strength degree of 1/3 advanced high strength steel plate), and the mechanical property of super-high strength steel cannot ensure.And other conventional types of cooling are difficult to effectively ensure that cooling velocity is more than 27 DEG C/s, as air cooling, water-cooled.The self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate takes the method for nitrogen cooling processing for this situation, offer circular hole at drift and die central area and insert the method that then cold gas pipeline passes into cool nitrogen in cooling tracheae, thus the quench rate in control riveting process is more than 27 DEG C/s, to obtain the ultrahigh-strength steel plates of complete formation of martensite.Compared to other types of cooling, nitrogen cooling not only has great advantage in controlled cooling model speed, and nitrogen can effective starvation, prevents heating position and is oxidized, ensure that the performance of super-high strength steel is unaffected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is the full sectional view that the self-piercing riveting device structure of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate forms on front view;
The compound blank holder structure that the self-piercing riveting device that Fig. 2 is ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate adopts forms the full sectional view on front view;
The upward view that the compound blank holder structure that the self-piercing riveting device that Fig. 3 is ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate adopts forms;
The compound concave die structure that the self-piercing riveting device that Fig. 4 is ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate adopts forms the full sectional view on front view;
The top view that the compound concave die structure that the self-piercing riveting device that Fig. 5 is ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate adopts forms;
Fig. 6-a is that the self-piercing riveting device of the ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate being provided with bluster heater carries out riveting work and carries out the schematic diagram that heats;
Fig. 6-b adopts the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate carry out riveting work and stop heating the schematic diagram sending into rivet;
Fig. 6-c is the schematic diagram that the rivet adopting the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate to carry out riveting work touches plate;
Fig. 6-d is that the drift adopting the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate to carry out riveting work moves to lower dead center, and rivet completely and plate riveted, rivets the operation of end;
Fig. 6-e is the schematic diagram adopting the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate to carry out the cooling of riveting work and the reset of drift;
In figure: 1. compound punch, 2. the first cooling air pipe, 3. the first hollow circular hole, 4. rivet, 5. punch body, 6. spit tube, 7. blank holder lower end square groove, 8. blank holder lower end rectangular recess, 9. blank holder conducting wire at lower end, 10. concave die cavity, 11. second cooling air pipe, 13. second hollow circular holes, 14. compound concave dies, 15. die main bodys, 16. times plates, plate on 17., 18. firn-jet heads, 19. igniters, 20. spit tube inlet suction ports, 21. the 3rd hollow circular holes, 22. compound blank holders, 23. blank holder main bodys.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
Consult Fig. 1, the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate comprises compound punch 1, compound blank holder 22 and compound concave die 14 (comprising the second cooling air pipe 11).
Compound blank holder 22 is relative with compound concave die about 14 stacked, for contact connects between the top end face of the die main body 15 in the bottom surface of the blank holder main body 23 in compound blank holder 22 and compound concave die 14, for being slidably connected in the centre bore that compound punch 1 is placed in the blank holder main body 23 of compound blank holder 22, the axis of rotation conllinear of compound blank holder 22, compound punch 1 and compound concave die 14 is namely described coaxially arranged.
Consult Fig. 1, described compound punch 1 comprises the first cooling air pipe 2, punch body 5.
Described punch body 5 is hollow cylindrical structural part, and external diametrical extent is 4 ~ 8mm, and bottom roundings radius is 0.5mm ~ 1mm.The center of punch body 5 offers shoulder hole vertically, epimere is the first hollow circular hole 3, first hollow circular hole 3 diameter range is 1mm ~ 3mm, the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the aperture of the first hollow circular hole 3, the length of lower sector hole is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and the diameter that the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the first hollow circular hole 3 is greater than the diameter of bore of the first cooling air pipe 2.Be interference fit in the first hollow circular hole 3 that first cooling air pipe 2 is arranged on punch body 5, first cooling air pipe 2 moves up and down jointly with punch body 5, can Reusability without the need to dismounting, the annular end face that first cold gas pipeline 2 bottom face and the first hollow circular hole 3 and lower sector hole are formed contacts and is connected, and the first cold gas pipeline 2 lower end is 1 ~ 3mm apart from punch body 5 bottom surface distance range.After riveted joint completes, cool nitrogen is passed in first cooling air pipe 2, cool nitrogen is provided by nitrogen cooling device, the ratio of liquid nitrogen and air in mixing nitrogen is controlled by nitrogen cooling device, can effective controlled cooling model speed, make plate riveting point fast cooling, effectively prevent heating rear plate while reaching the upper plate 17 of quick quenching riveted joint and lower plate 16 object and be oxidized.
Described nitrogen cooling device is made up of liquid nitrogen container, control valve, liquid nitrogen appendix, air intake duct, gas mixer chamber, gas transmission control valve, mixing nitrogen efferent duct, and this nitrogen cooling device can be chosen by market.Liquid nitrogen enters gas mixer chamber by control valve, and vaporizes, and the dry air carried with air intake duct mixes, and is regulated the ratio controlled cooling model speed of liquid nitrogen and air by control valve, is exported by cool nitrogen by mixing nitrogen efferent duct.After riveted joint completes, the while that compound punch 1 being up, gas transmission control valve is opened, cool nitrogen is discharged butt joint cool fast through mixing nitrogen efferent duct, the first cooling air pipe 2, second cooling air pipe 11, the temperature of plate 17 in the heating that thermistor on compound blank holder 22 can be monitored in time, stops exporting nitrogen by the gas transmission control valve be attached thereto when the temperature of upper plate 17 reaches target temperature.
Consult Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, described compound blank holder 22 comprises blank holder main body 23,4 thermistors that the spit tube that structure is identical 6 is identical with 4 ~ 8 structures.
Described blank holder main body 23 is annulus bodily form structural member, the center of blank holder main body 23 is processed with central through hole, blank holder main body 23 is provided with equably inclined hole i.e. the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 that 4 structures are identical, the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 diameter range that 4 structures are identical is 8 ~ 15mm, it is 35 ° ~ 55 ° with the angular range of horizontal plane, machining screw on the hole wall of the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 that 4 structures are identical, the axis of rotation of the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 that 4 structures are identical intersects at the place of bottom center of compound blank holder 22.On the base ring face of blank holder main body 23, hoop is provided with the identical blank holder lower end square groove 7 of 4 ~ 8 structures equably, the blank holder lower end square groove 7 that 4 ~ 8 structures are identical is not communicated with the centre bore of blank holder main body 23, and the blank holder lower end rectangular recess 8 identical with diametrically arrange 4 ~ 8 structures in outside is connected.Arrange thermistor in blank holder lower end square groove 7, the blank holder conducting wire at lower end 9 be connected with thermistor is arranged in blank holder lower end rectangular recess 8.Thermistor protrudes from the bottom surface of blank holder main body 23, to guarantee that thermistor contacts well with upper plate 17.
Described spit tube 6 comprises firn-jet head 18, igniter 19 and spit tube inlet suction port 20.Spit tube 6 loads in the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 in blank holder main body 23, firn-jet head 18 and the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 are for being threaded, the axes intersect of spit tube 6 is located in the bottom center of blank holder main body 23, to guarantee that bluster heated center is for by the riveted joint central spot of upper plate 17 of riveting.Spit tube 6 and fuel cartridge, burnt gas valve, appendix, inlet suction port, igniter, gauge tap form bluster heater jointly, this bluster heater can be chosen by market, should notice that the spit tube diameter range chosen is at 8 ~ 15mm, and process and the screw thread that the hole wall of the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 matches on firn-jet head 18 outer surface of spit tube 6 voluntarily.Thermistor on compound blank holder 22 can monitor the temperature of the upper plate 17 of heating in time, and the gauge tap when the temperature of upper plate 17 reaches target temperature by being attached thereto stops bluster heating, and starts compound punch 1 and rivet.
Consult Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, described compound concave die 14 comprises the second cooling air pipe 11 and die main body 15.
Described die main body 15 is disc-like structural member, and the center of die main body 15 top end face arranges an annular die cavity and concave die cavity 10.Concave die cavity 10 is made up of the taper seat forming boss of cylindrical hole sidewall, base plane, center and spheroidal end face, the planform of concave die cavity 10 can force rivet 4 leg when invading plate better to open, thus plate 17 and lower plate 16 can be made to form mechanical interlock.The cylindrical hole sidewall diameter range of concave die cavity 10 is 8mm ~ 12mm, base plane is 1.2mm ~ 2mm apart from the top end face distance range of die main body 15, between the bottom of base plane and cylindrical hole sidewall, radius of corner is 0.5mm ~ 2mm, cross section is adopted to be the circle ring surface transition of circular arc line between base plane and the bottom of taper seat, the radius of circle ring surface is 0.5mm ~ 2mm, the formation taper seat of boss and the angular range of vertical direction are 40 ° ~ 60 °, the spheroidal end face diameter of boss is 2mm ~ 3mm, the distance range that the spheroidal end face of boss can be higher or lower than the top end face of die main body 15 is 0mm ~ 2mm, the axis of rotation of boss and the axis of rotation conllinear of annular die cavity.Being processed with vertical hollow circular hole 13 diameter range of the second hollow circular hole 13, second in the center of boss is 1mm ~ 3mm.Second cooling air pipe 11 upper end is 1 ~ 3mm lower than die boss end face distance, and it is interference fit that the second cooling air pipe 11 is installed in the second hollow circular hole 13, can Reusability without the need to dismounting.After riveted joint completes, the while that compound punch 1 being up, gas transmission control valve is opened, cool nitrogen is discharged butt joint cool fast through mixing nitrogen efferent duct, the second cooling air pipe 11, makes lower plate 16 and upper plate 17 riveting point fast cooling, effectively prevents heating rear plate simultaneously and be oxidized.
Described punch body 5, blank holder main body 23, die main body 15 all adopt the very high mould steel of hardness to make.
Semi-hollow sunk head rivet selected by described rivet 4, and adopts boron steel manufacture with satisfied riveted joint requirement.The head diameter scope of rivet is 5 ~ 8mm, and leg outer diameter scope is 4 ~ 6mm, and rivet total length is 5 ~ 8mm.
Described first cooling air pipe 2, second cooling air pipe 11 all adopts copper metal to manufacture.
When the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate works, first upper plate 17 to be riveted is stacked and placed on compound concave die 14 with lower plate 16, then compound blank holder 22 is driven to compress upper plate 17 and lower plate 16, now light a fire, spit tube 6 sprays bluster and heats the riveted joint region of upper plate 17.Heat up instantaneously in the riveted joint region of upper plate 17 under bluster heating, immediately the temperature detecting upper plate 17 to be riveted by the thermistor on compound blank holder 22 stops heating when reaching best riveted joint temperature, send into rivet 4 by pay-off, then startup compound punch 1 (fast) is descending rivets.First compound punch 1 promotes rivet 4 downwards and is pressed into plate 17 gradually, and pierces through plate 17 smoothly, and the tubulose leg of rivet 4 also starts to expand outwardly simultaneously, and die shape forces the leg of rivet 4 to open.Rivet 4 tubulose leg under the acting in conjunction of compound punch 1 and compound concave die 14 opens to periphery and forms riveting and buckle, thus between upper plate 17 and lower plate 16, form a firmly mechanical internal lock structure.The upper plate 17 be under high temperature has good ductility, the generation of crackle when plate 17 and lower plate 16 are riveted on therefore avoiding in riveting process, also reduces the upper plate 17 of riveted joint high-strength steel and the rivet force of lower plate 16 simultaneously.The while that compound punch 1 being up, gas transmission control valve is opened, and cool nitrogen is discharged butt joint through the first cooling air pipe 2 with cooling air pipe 21 and cooled fast, and ensure to obtain the intact super-high strength steel of mechanical property and aluminium alloy riveting parts, riveted joint completes.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate of the present invention and aluminium alloy plate comprises compound punch 1, compound blank holder 22, compound concave die 14.
Compound blank holder 22 is relative with compound concave die about 14 stacked, and for being slidably connected in the centre bore that compound punch 1 is placed in compound blank holder 22, the axis of rotation conllinear of compound punch 1, compound blank holder 22 and compound concave die 14 is namely described coaxially arranged.
Consult Fig. 1, punch body 5 is hollow cylindrical structural part, punch body 5 external diameter is 5mm, punch body 5 bottom margin radius of corner is 0.5mm, the center of punch body 5 offers shoulder hole vertically, epimere is the first hollow circular hole 3 diameter is 2mm, and hypomere bore dia is 1mm, and length is 1mm.Be interference fit in the first hollow circular hole 3 that first cooling air pipe 2 is arranged on punch body 5, the first cooling air pipe 2 external diameter is 2mm, internal diameter is 1mm.
The initial position of compound punch 1 bottom surface is 12.5mm apart from upper plate 17.
Consult Fig. 2 and 3, the sidewall of blank holder main body 23 has 4 the 3rd hollow circular holes 21,4 the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 diameter 10mm, be 45 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, Surface Machining screw thread, axes intersect be in the bottom center of blank holder main body 23, the 3rd hollow circular hole 21 that spit tube 6 loads 45 ° of inclination angles of blank holder main body 23 is interior for being threaded, and spit tube 6 diameter 10mm, Surface Machining screw thread, axes intersect are in the bottom center of compound blank holder 22.
It is 2mm blank holder lower end rectangular recess 8 that blank holder main body 23 is provided with 4 width on bottom surface in two mutually perpendicular diametric(al)s, and be respectively equipped with width near centre bore inner periphery place and be highly 4mm, length is the blank holder lower end square groove 7 of 6mm.Thermistor is arranged in blank holder lower end square groove 7, for guaranteeing that thermistor fully can touch upper plate 17, thermistor lower surface exceeds the bottom surface 1mm of compound blank holder 6, and the blank holder conducting wire at lower end 9 be connected with thermistor is arranged in blank holder lower end rectangular recess 8.
Consult Fig. 4, the concave die cavity 10 of die main body 15 center is made up of the taper seat forming boss of cylinder side wall, base plane, center and circular end face.The cylinder side wall diameter of concave die cavity 10 is 10mm, base plane is 1.5mm apart from the top end face distance range of die main body 15, between the bottom of base plane and cylindrical hole sidewall, radius of corner is 0.5mm, cross section is adopted to be the circle ring surface transition of circular arc line between base plane and the bottom of taper seat, the radius of circle ring surface is 1mm, the formation taper seat of boss and the angular range of vertical direction are 45 °, the circular end face diameter of boss is 3mm, the top end face of boss end face and die main body 15 is coplanar, the axis of rotation of boss and the axis of rotation conllinear of annular die cavity.
Namely the center of the concave die cavity 10 of die main body 15 is processed with hollow circular hole 13 diameter of the second hollow circular hole 13, second in the center of die boss be 2mm.Second cooling air pipe 11 and the second hollow circular hole 13 are interference fit, and the second cooling air pipe 11 external diameter is 2mm, internal diameter is 1mm, and the second cooling air pipe 11 upper end is lower than die boss end face 2mm.
The upper plate 17 that the present embodiment is riveted is ultrahigh-strength steel plates, and lower plate 16 is aluminum alloy materials, and upper plate 17 is 1mm with the thickness of lower plate 16.
In riveting process, compound punch 1 drawing velocity is 10mm/s, and compound punch 1 stroke distances is the distance of bottom surface apart from upper plate 17 of compound punch 1, and in the present embodiment, compound punch 1 stroke is 12.5mm.
Bluster local heat self-piercing riveting device is adopted to implement the process of riveting work:
1. consult Fig. 6-a, before self-piercing riveting carries out, heat the upper surface riveting location of upper plate 17 to 910 DEG C ~ about 950 DEG C by spit tube 6, lower plate 16 is that aluminium alloy plate is heated to 200 DEG C ~ about 300 DEG C by heat transfer.Immediately measured the temperature of upper plate 17 by the thermistor being laid in compound blank holder 22 bottom surface, when upper plate 17 temperature reaches requirement, stop heating.
2. consult Fig. 6-b, after driving belt continuous nail feeding machanism that rivet 4 is sent into mould with ratchet, compound blank holder 22 and compound concave die 14 are led by the guide pillar guide pin bushing in equipment and ensure axiality, namely ensure the axiality of compound punch 1, rivet 4 and compound concave die 14, then with lower plate 16, self-piercing riveting is carried out to upper plate 17.
3. consult Fig. 6-c, compound punch 1 drives rivet 4 to touch the upper surface of plate 17 downwards.
4. consult Fig. 6-d, along with lower plate 16 flows in the concave die cavity 20 of compound concave die 14, the tubulose leg of rivet 4 also starts to expand outwardly.Concave die cavity 20 forces the tubulose leg of rivet 4 to buckle in lower plate 16, and rivet 4 opens to periphery and forms riveting and buckle under the acting in conjunction of compound punch 1 and compound concave die 14, thus between upper plate 17 and lower plate 16, form a firmly mechanical internal lock structure.
5. consult Fig. 6-e, along with the up gas transmission control valve of die is opened, cool nitrogen is discharged butt joint through the first cooling air pipe 2 and the second cooling air pipe 11 and is cooled fast, ensures that cooldown rate is higher than 27 DEG C/s, effectively prevents plate to be oxidized simultaneously.Thermistor on compound blank holder 22 can monitor the temperature of plate 17 in time, stops exporting nitrogen when the temperature of upper plate 17 reaches target temperature.
Claims (7)
1. the self-piercing riveting device of a ultra-high strength steel plate and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, described ultra-high strength steel plate and the self-piercing riveting device of aluminium alloy plate comprise compound punch (1), compound blank holder (22) and compound concave die (14);
Compound blank holder (22) is relative stacked up and down with compound concave die (14), for contact connects between the top end face of the die main body (15) in the bottom surface of the blank holder main body (23) in compound blank holder (22) and compound concave die (14), the centre bore that compound punch (1) is placed in the blank holder main body (23) of compound blank holder (22) is interior for being slidably connected, the axis of rotation conllinear of compound blank holder (22), compound punch (1) and compound concave die (14).
2. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, described compound punch (1) comprises the first cooling air pipe (2) and punch body (5);
Described punch body (5) is hollow cylindrical structural part, external diameter is 4 ~ 8mm, bottom roundings radius is 0.5mm ~ 1mm, the center of punch body (5) offers shoulder hole vertically, epimere is the first hollow circular hole (3), first hollow circular hole (3) diameter is 1mm ~ 3mm, the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the aperture of the first hollow circular hole (3), the length of lower sector hole is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and the diameter that the aperture of lower sector hole is less than the first hollow circular hole (3) is greater than the diameter of bore of the first cooling air pipe (2);
It is interference fit in the first hollow circular hole (3) that first cooling air pipe (2) is arranged on punch body (5), the annular end face that first cold gas pipeline (2) bottom face and the first hollow circular hole (3) and lower sector hole are formed contacts and is connected, and the first cold gas pipeline (2) lower surface is 1mm ~ 3mm apart from the distance range of punch body (5) bottom surface.
3. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, described compound blank holder (22) also comprises the identical spit tube (6) of 4 structures thermistor identical with 4 structures;
The spit tube (6) that 4 structures are identical loads in the 3rd identical hollow circular hole (21) of 4 structures on blank holder main body (23), for being threaded between the 3rd hollow circular hole (21) that firn-jet head (18) in the spit tube (6) that 4 structures are identical is identical with 4 structures, the axes intersect of the spit tube (6) that 4 structures are identical is located in the bottom center of blank holder main body (23), the thermistor that 4 structures are identical is arranged in identical blank holder lower end square groove (7) of 4 structures in blank holder main body (23), the blank holder conducting wire at lower end (9) that 4 root architectures that the thermistor identical with 4 structures connects are identical is arranged in identical blank holder lower end rectangular recess (8) of 4 structures, the thermistor that 4 structures are identical protrudes from the bottom surface of blank holder main body (23), the thermistor that 4 structures are identical contacts with the upper plate (17) be connected and connects.
4. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, described blank holder main body (23) is annulus bodily form structural member, the center of blank holder main body (23) is processed with central through hole, blank holder main body (23) is provided with equably inclined hole i.e. the 3rd hollow circular hole (21) that 4 structures are identical, the axis of rotation of the 3rd hollow circular hole (21) that 4 structures are identical intersects at the place of bottom center of blank holder main body (23), machining screw on the hole wall of the 3rd hollow circular hole (21) that 4 structures are identical, the base ring face of blank holder main body (23) is provided with equably blank holder lower end square groove (7) that 4 structures are identical, blank holder lower end rectangular recess (8) that 4 structures that the outside of blank holder lower end square groove (7) that 4 structures are identical is diametrically arranged are identical.
5. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 4 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, the diameter of the 3rd hollow circular hole (21) that 4 described structures are identical is 8 ~ 15mm, it is 35 ° ~ 55 ° with the angle of horizontal plane, blank holder lower end square groove (7) that 4 structures are identical is not communicated with the centre bore of blank holder main body (23), and blank holder lower end rectangular recess (8) identical with 4 structures, identical blank holder lower end square groove (7) of 4 structures is connected.
6. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, described compound concave die (14) comprises the second cooling air pipe (11) and die main body (15);
Described die main body (15) is disc-like structural member, the center on die main body (15) top arranges an annular die cavity and concave die cavity (10), concave die cavity (10) is by cylindrical hole sidewall, taper seat and the spheroidal end face of the formation boss of base plane and center form, cross section is adopted to be that No. 1 circle ring surface of circular arc line is connected between base plane and the bottom of cylindrical hole sidewall, cross section is adopted to be that No. 2 circle ring surfaces of circular arc line are connected between base plane and the bottom of taper seat, the axis of rotation of boss and the axis of rotation conllinear of annular die cavity, the second hollow circular hole (13) with die main body (15) plane perpendicular is processed with in the center of boss,
It is interference fit that second cooling air pipe (11) is installed in the second hollow circular hole (13), and the top end face of the second cooling air pipe (11) is lower than die boss end face.
7. according to the self-piercing riveting device of ultra-high strength steel plate according to claim 6 and aluminium alloy plate, it is characterized in that, the cylindrical hole sidewall diameter of described concave die cavity (10) is 8mm ~ 12mm, base plane is 1.2mm ~ 2mm apart from the top end face distance range of die main body (15), bottom roundings radius and connecting cylinder hole sidewall and base plane, the bottom roundings radius of base plane and taper seat is 0.5mm ~ 2mm, the formation taper seat of boss and the angle of vertical direction are 40 ° ~ 60 °, the spheroidal end face diameter of boss is 2mm ~ 3mm, the distance range that boss end face can be higher or lower than the top end face of die main body (15) is 0mm ~ 2mm, second hollow circular hole (13) diameter is 1mm ~ 3mm.
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| CN105478646A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Board connecting method utilizing one-step hard riveting column riveting |
| CN106425068A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-22 | 福特汽车公司 | Method and system for enhancing rivetability |
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