CN108162421B - Self-punching salix sticking device and salix sticking method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and alloy plate - Google Patents

Self-punching salix sticking device and salix sticking method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and alloy plate Download PDF

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CN108162421B
CN108162421B CN201711434337.3A CN201711434337A CN108162421B CN 108162421 B CN108162421 B CN 108162421B CN 201711434337 A CN201711434337 A CN 201711434337A CN 108162421 B CN108162421 B CN 108162421B
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carbon fiber
hole
fiber composite
punch
fuzzy
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CN108162421A (en
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庄蔚敏
王鹏跃
解东旋
王楠
敖文宏
施宏达
武世杰
高瑞娟
吴迪
秦龙
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Jilin University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/954—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40—Weight reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-punching and bonding device for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plates and alloy plates, which comprises the following components: the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, and the first through holes are communicated with the through hole; the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole; the blank holder is of a cylindrical structure, a central hole is formed in the center of the blank holder, second through holes are formed in two sides of the blank holder, the second through holes are communicated with the central hole, and the blank holder is arranged above the female die and opposite to the female die; the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and the punch can axially move along the central hole. The invention also provides a self-punching and salix bonding method which can determine the impact speed of the punch according to the structural characteristics of the salix connector and the salix nail and improve the quality of the salix connector.

Description

Self-punching salix sticking device and salix sticking method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and alloy plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of riveting of thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates, in particular to a self-punching salix bonding device and a salix bonding method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates.
Background
The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material has the remarkable advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, good collision resistance and energy absorption, good fatigue resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance, high toughness price ratio, no chemical reaction in the forming process, recycling, and the like. Thus, thermoplastic composites have found wide application in the fields of aviation, marine, automotive, and the like. In the automotive industry, the specific gravity of carbon fiber composite materials is also rising year by year, and is being widely accepted as a high-performance composite material, and the conversion from a high-end vehicle type to a middle-end vehicle type is rapidly being realized.
The application of thermoplastic composites in the automotive industry will inevitably create connection problems with conventional metallic materials such as steel, aluminum alloys, and the like. At present, the connection modes of the plates in the automobile mainly comprise: welding, riveting and bonding. The joining of carbon fiber composites to other panels in automobiles typically uses bonding and bolting. Riveting is a novel lightweight joining technique that is commonly applied to joining of dissimilar metals or dissimilar metals. The carbon fiber composite material has small plastic deformation in the deformation process, has ductility which is far different from that of the metal material, and limits the application of the riveting technology.
The Chinese patent application CN105479771B discloses a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite material plate and a self-piercing riveting die and method of the carbon fiber composite material plate and an aluminum alloy plate, but the salix joint is carried out at normal temperature, and through holes are also needed to be formed on the composite material plate, so that the mechanical property of a riveting position is seriously reduced because the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material is excessively complex in form in the cold deformation damage process, namely 'lotus root broken wire' is likely to occur, namely resin matrix is damaged, and fibers are not broken. On the other hand, when the rivet completely penetrates through the carbon fiber composite plate, the carbon fiber is locally damaged, and the mechanical properties of the fiber are mutually related, so that the local performance of the periphery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and alloy plate self-punching adhesive Liu Zhuangzhi, which can be used for carrying out the willow joint when the composite material plate is in a high-elastic state, and has good willow joint effect, simple structure and convenient operation.
The invention further aims to design and develop a self-punching and salix bonding method for a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and an alloy plate, which can determine the impact speed of a punch according to the structural characteristics of a salix joint and a salix nail and improve the quality of the salix joint.
The invention also provides a self-punching and bonding method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, which can actively adjust the height of the punch from the willow nail according to the temperature in the central hole and the thickness of the willow joint piece, and improve the willow joint effect.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a self-punching and bonding device for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates, comprising:
the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, and the first through holes are communicated with the through hole;
the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole;
the blank holder is of a cylindrical structure, a center hole is formed in the center of the blank holder, second through holes are formed in two sides of the blank holder, the second through holes are communicated with the center hole, and the blank holder is arranged above the female die and opposite to the female die;
the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and the punch can axially move along the central hole.
Preferably, the conical projection upper surface is coplanar with the mandrel upper surface; the rotation axis of the conical bulge is collinear with the rotation axis of the circular groove.
Preferably, the first via hole is arranged obliquely upwards and communicated with the through hole; the second via hole is arranged obliquely downwards and communicated with the central hole.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the communication part of the first via hole and the through hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the through hole;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the communication position of the second through hole and the central hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole;
the height sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the punch and used for detecting the height of the punch from the willow nails;
a speed sensor provided on the punch for detecting an impact speed of the punch;
the thickness sensor is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the blank holder and the upper surface of the female die and is used for measuring the thickness of the joint;
the driving mechanism is connected with the punch and used for controlling the height and impact speed of the punch from the willow nails;
and the controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor, the thickness sensor and the driving mechanism, and is used for receiving detection data of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor and the thickness sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to work.
Correspondingly, the invention provides a self-punching bonding method for a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and an alloy plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of an alloy plate, bonding a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate with the adhesive-coated alloy plate and placing the alloy plate on a female die, placing the alloy plate downwards, enabling the lower surface of a blank holder to be in contact with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate but not be compressed, and placing a willow nail in a central hole and in contact with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: blowing hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and controlling the temperature in the central hole to meet the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 150 and less than or equal to 200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 8 minutes;
step 3: the punch is driven to ascend to a certain height and then descend, the willow nails are pushed to penetrate into the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate at a certain impact speed, the willow joint is completed, and the impact speed of the punch is as follows:
Figure BDA0001525540410000031
wherein k is a coefficient; d is the diameter of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; delta 3 The thickness of the adhesive is the thickness of the adhesive; Γ -shaped structure 1 Shear strength of the carbon fiber composite board; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; Γ -shaped structure 3 Is the shear strength of the adhesive; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) ps Is the allowable extrusion stress of the adhesive; s is the area of the punch; t is the time for the punch to impact the willow pin.
Preferably, the step 3 further includes a fuzzy controller:
inputting the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole into a fuzzy controller, wherein the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole are classified into 7 grades;
the fuzzy controller outputs the height H of the punch head from the willow nails, and the output is divided into 7 grades;
the fuzzy domain of the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is [0,1], and the quantification factor is 12; the fuzzy domain of the temperature T in the central hole is [3,4], and the quantization factor is 50; the fuzzy domain of the height H of the output punch from the willow nails is [0,1], and the quantization factor is 40;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs is NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB.
Preferably, the method further comprises a fuzzy PID controller:
inputting the temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole in the ith impact process t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure BDA0001525540410000041
The proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are input into a PID controller to carry out error compensation control on the height H of the punch from the willow nails.
It is preferred that the composition of the present invention,
the temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure BDA0001525540410000042
The fuzzy argument of the deviation e of (2) is [ -1,1]The quantization factor is 10; the fuzzy universe of variation rate of deviation ec is [ -3,3]The quantization factor is 1;
the fuzzy domain of the proportional coefficient of the output PID is [ -1,1], and the quantization factor is 0.1; the fuzzy argument of the proportional integral coefficient is [ -1,1], and the quantization factor is 0.1; the fuzzy argument of the differential coefficient is [ -1,1], its quantization factor is 0.0001;
the deviation e and the deviation change rate ec are divided into 7 grades; the proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are divided into 7 grades;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs of the fuzzy PID controller is { NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB }.
Preferably, the time for the punch to impact the willow nails is 2.3-2.6 s.
Preferably, glass beads are placed at four corners of the alloy plate for controlling the thickness of the adhesive before the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate is bonded after the alloy plate is glued in the step 1.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate are self-punched and adhered Liu Zhuangzhi, and can be subjected to the willow joint when the composite material plate is in a high-elastic state, a through hole is not required to be formed in the composite material plate, and the willow joint is good in effect, simple in structure and convenient to operate.
(2) According to the self-punching and bonding method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, the impact speed of the punch can be determined according to the structural characteristics of the joint part and the nail, the quality of the joint is improved, the height of the punch from the nail can be actively adjusted according to the temperature in the central hole and the thickness of the joint part, and the joint effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a full cross-sectional view of a front view of the self-piercing adhesive rivet device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a full sectional view of a front view of the binder of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the binder ring according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a full cross-sectional view of a front view of the female die of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the female die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a full cross-sectional view of a front view of a mandrel according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a mandrel according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a control module according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an engineering drawing of the punch, die and mandrel of the present invention when heated in step 1.
Fig. 10 is an engineering drawing of the punch, die and mandrel prior to riveting in step 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the completed joint in step 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a control schematic of the fuzzy controller and fuzzy PID controller according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a graph of membership function of thickness L of an input glued thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and an alloy plate of a fuzzy controller according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a membership function graph of the temperature T in the input center hole of the fuzzy controller according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a membership function graph of the height H of the output punch of the fuzzy controller from the nail according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a membership function chart of the input bias e of the fuzzy PID controller according to the invention.
FIG. 17 is a membership function graph of the input bias change rate ec of the fuzzy PID controller according to the invention.
FIG. 18 shows the output scaling factor K of the fuzzy PID controller according to the invention p Membership function graph of (a).
FIG. 19 shows the output proportional-integral-coefficient K of the fuzzy PID controller according to the invention i Is subject toA membership function graph.
FIG. 20 shows the differential coefficient K of the output of the fuzzy PID controller according to the invention d Membership function graph of (a).
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of structures and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a self-punching salix device for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plates and alloy plates, comprising: the female die 100 is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole 120 is formed in the center of the female die, first through holes 110 are formed in two sides of the female die, and the first through holes are communicated with the through hole 120; the lower part of the mandrel 200 is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove 210, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone 220, and the mandrel 200 is connected with the through hole 120 in a matched manner and can move along the axial direction of the through hole 120; the blank holder 300 is in a cylindrical structure, a central hole 320 is formed in the center of the blank holder, second through holes 310 are formed in two sides of the blank holder, the second through holes 310 are communicated with the central hole 320, and the blank holder 300 is arranged above the female die 100 and opposite to the female die 100; a punch 400, which is of cylindrical configuration and is coupled to the central bore 320 in a mating manner, is axially movable along the central bore 320. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the conical protrusion 220 is coplanar with the upper surface of the mandrel 200; the axis of rotation of the conical protrusion 220 is collinear with the axis of rotation of the circular recess 210. Preferably, the angle between the ridge line of the conical protrusion 220 and the side surface of the circular groove 210 is 45 DEG
As another embodiment of the present invention, the first via hole 110 is disposed obliquely upward and is communicated with the through hole 120, and has an air inlet on one side and an air outlet on one side; the second via hole 310 is disposed obliquely downward and is communicated with the central hole 320, one side is an air inlet hole, one side is an air outlet hole, the aperture of the first via hole 110 and the second via hole 310 is 2mm, and when the willow nail 500 contacts with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate 600, the lower edge of the nail cap of the willow nail 500 and the second via hole 310 are located on the same horizontal plane; a tab (comprising bonded thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet 600 and alloy sheet 700) disposed between the die 100 and the bead 300; the rivet 500, which is a semi-hollow countersunk rivet, has a nut center opening, is disposed in the center hole 320 and contacts the upper surface of the bonded thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet 600.
As another embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a first temperature sensor 810, disposed at a communication position between the first via hole 110 and the through hole 120, for detecting a temperature in the through hole 110; a second temperature sensor 820, which is disposed at the communication position between the second via hole 310 and the central hole 320, and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole 320; a height sensor 830, which is disposed at the bottom surface of the punch 400, for detecting the height of the punch 400 from the tacks 500; a speed sensor 840 provided on the punch 400 for detecting an impact speed of the punch 400; the thickness sensor 850 is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the blank holder 300 and the upper surface of the female die 100, and is used for measuring the thickness of the joint; a driving mechanism 860 connected to the punch 400 for controlling the height and impact speed of the punch 400 from the tacks 500; and a controller 800 connected to the first temperature sensor 810, the second temperature sensor 820, the height sensor 830, the speed sensor 840, the thickness sensor 850 and the driving mechanism 860, for receiving the detection data of the first temperature sensor 810, the second temperature sensor 820, the height sensor 830, the speed sensor 840 and the thickness sensor 850 and controlling the driving mechanism 860 to operate.
The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate are self-punched and adhered Liu Zhuangzhi, and can be subjected to the willow joint when the composite material plate is in a high-elastic state, a through hole is not required to be formed in the composite material plate, and the willow joint is good in effect, simple in structure and convenient to operate.
The invention also provides a self-punching and bonding method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of an alloy plate, placing glass beads at four corners of the alloy plate for controlling the thickness of the adhesive, wherein the diameter of the glass beads is preferably 0.3mm, bonding a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate with the adhesive-coated alloy plate and placing the glass beads on a female die, placing the alloy plate under the alloy plate, removing redundant adhesive around the plate, contacting the lower surface of a blank holder with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate but not compacting, and placing a willow nail in a central hole and contacting the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: starting a constant temperature hot air gun, blowing hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and heating the part of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate 600 to be riveted and the adhesive and alloy plate 700, wherein the parameters of the constant temperature hot air gun are as follows:
hot air temperature adjustable range: t=120 to 250 ℃;
constant temperature hot air gun air volume: v=20 to 40L/min;
the temperature in the control center hole satisfies: keeping the temperature for 5-8 min at the temperature of not less than 150 ℃ and not more than 200 ℃ to ensure that the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate is in a high-elastic state, and pressing the edge pressing ring to the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 3: the driving mechanism drives the punch to ascend to a certain height and then descend, the willow nails are pushed to penetrate into the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate at a certain impact speed, the rivet leg parts are gradually turned outwards to form a rivet button under the combined action of the groove cavity and the punch, a locking structure is formed between the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, and the willow joint is completed, as shown in fig. 10-11; the time for the punch to impact the willow nails is 2.3-2.6 s; the impact speed of the punch is as follows:
Figure BDA0001525540410000081
wherein k is a coefficient; d is the diameter of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; delta 3 The thickness of the adhesive is the thickness of the adhesive; Γ -shaped structure 1 Is a carbon fiber composite material plateShear strength; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; Γ -shaped structure 3 Is the shear strength of the adhesive; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) ps Is the allowable extrusion stress of the adhesive; s is the area of the punch; t is the time for the punch to impact the willow pin.
The step 3 includes a fuzzy controller and a fuzzy PID controller, and the control method is shown in FIG. 12, and includes the following steps:
step 3.1: fuzzy processing is carried out on the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, the temperature T in the central hole and the height H of the punch head from the willow nails; when no control is performed, the fuzzy domain of the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is [0,1], and the quantification factor is 12, and the unit mm; the fuzzy domain of the temperature T in the central hole is [3,4], and the quantization factor is 50, unit ℃; the fuzzy domain of the height H of the output punch from the willow nails is [0,1], and the quantization factor is 40, and the unit mm; in order to ensure the control precision and realize better control, experiments are repeatedly carried out, and the optimal input and output grades are determined, wherein the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole are divided into 7 grades; outputting the height H of the punch from the willow nails, wherein the output is classified into 7 grades; the fuzzy sets of input and output are both NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB. Wherein, the control rule of the fuzzy controller is:
(3.11) the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is fixed, and when the temperature T in the central hole is increased, the height H of the punch head from the willow nails is required to be reduced;
(3.12) when the temperature T in the central hole is constant and the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is increased, the height H of the punch from the willow nail needs to be increased;
the specific control rules of the fuzzy control are shown in the table I.
Fuzzy control table for height of surface punch from willow nail
Figure BDA0001525540410000091
The fuzzy controller inputs the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole, the height H of the output punch of the fuzzy controller from the willow nails is obtained by using a fuzzy control rule table, and the height H of the punch from the willow nails is defuzzified by using a gravity center method.
Step 3.2: fuzzy PID controller
The temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole in the ith impact process t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure BDA0001525540410000092
The deviation e, the deviation change rate ec, the proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are subjected to fuzzy processing, and when the control is not performed, the fuzzy argument of the deviation e is [ -1,1]The quantization factor is 10, unit deg.C; fuzzy universe of variation rate of deviation ec [ -3,3]The quantization factor is 1; proportional coefficient K of PID p The ambiguity domain of (1) is [ -1,1]The quantization factor is 0.1; proportional integral coefficient K i The ambiguity domain of (1) is [ -1,1]The quantization factor is 0.1; differential coefficient K d The ambiguity domain of (1) is [ -1,1]The quantification factor is 0.0001. In order to ensure the control precision and realize better control, experiments are repeatedly carried out, and the optimal input and output levels are determined, wherein the deviation e and the deviation change rate ec in the fuzzy controller are divided into 7 levels; the proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are divided into 7 grades; the fuzzy sets of input and output are { NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB }, and the membership functions of input and output are triangle membership functions, see in detail figures 13-20. The fuzzy control rule is as follows:
1. when the deviation |e| is large, K is increased p Thereby the deviation is reduced rapidly, but a larger deviation change rate is generated at the same time, a smaller K is adopted d K is usually taken i ＝0；
2. When the values of |ec| and |e| are at medium, K is suitably reduced to avoid overshoot p To take the value of K i Smaller, choose appropriateSize K d ；
3. When the deviation |e| is small, K is increased p K i To avoid unstable oscillation around the steady state value of the system, the value of (1) is usually set to be smaller when |ec| is larger d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When |ec| is small, a large K is taken d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The specific fuzzy control rules are shown in tables II, III and IV.
Table II proportional coefficient K of PID p Fuzzy control table of (a)
Figure BDA0001525540410000101
Table three PID proportional integral coefficient K i Fuzzy control table of (a)
Figure BDA0001525540410000102
Figure BDA0001525540410000111
Differential coefficient K of Table four PID d Fuzzy control table of (a)
Figure BDA0001525540410000112
Inputting the temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole in the ith impact process t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure BDA0001525540410000113
The deviation e and the deviation change rate ec of the punch pin are input into a PID controller for error compensation control of the height H of the punch pin from the willow pin, and the control formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001525540410000114
the experiment repeatedly determines that the fuzzy PID controller accurately controls the height H of the punch head from the willow nails, wherein the height H of the punch head from the willow nails is the sum of error compensation values of the height of the output punch head of the fuzzy controller from the willow nails and the height H of the punch head of the PID controller from the willow nails, so that the height H of the punch head from the willow nails is accurately controlled, and the deviation is smaller than 0.1%.
According to the self-punching and bonding method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, the impact speed of the punch can be determined according to the structural characteristics of the joint part and the nail, the quality of the joint is improved, the height of the punch from the nail can be actively adjusted according to the temperature in the central hole and the thickness of the joint part, and the joint effect is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-punching adhesive Liu Zhuangzhi, comprising:
the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, and the first through holes are communicated with the through hole;
the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole;
the blank holder is of a cylindrical structure, a center hole is formed in the center of the blank holder, second through holes are formed in two sides of the blank holder, the second through holes are communicated with the center hole, and the blank holder is arranged above the female die and opposite to the female die;
the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and can axially move along the central hole;
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the communication part of the first via hole and the through hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the through hole;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the communication position of the second through hole and the central hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole;
the height sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the punch and used for detecting the height of the punch from the willow nails;
a speed sensor provided on the punch for detecting an impact speed of the punch;
the thickness sensor is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the blank holder and the upper surface of the female die and is used for measuring the thickness of the joint;
the driving mechanism is connected with the punch and used for controlling the height and impact speed of the punch from the willow nails;
and the controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor, the thickness sensor and the driving mechanism, and is used for receiving detection data of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor and the thickness sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to work.
2. The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-punching adhesive Liu Zhuangzhi of claim 1, wherein said conical raised upper surface is coplanar with the mandrel upper surface; the rotation axis of the conical bulge is collinear with the rotation axis of the circular groove.
3. The self-punching adhesive Liu Zhuangzhi of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and the alloy plate of claim 1, wherein the first via is disposed obliquely upward in communication with the through hole; the second via hole is arranged obliquely downwards and communicated with the central hole.
4. The self-punching adhesion Liu Fangfa of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and the alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of an alloy plate, bonding a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate with the adhesive-coated alloy plate and placing the alloy plate on a female die, placing the alloy plate downwards, enabling the lower surface of a blank holder to be in contact with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate but not be compressed, and placing a willow nail in a central hole and in contact with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: blowing hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and controlling the temperature in the central hole to meet the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 150 and less than or equal to 200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 8 minutes;
step 3: the punch is driven to ascend to a certain height and then descend, the willow nails are pushed to penetrate into the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate at a certain impact speed, the willow joint is completed, and the impact speed of the punch is as follows:
Figure FDA0004133024360000021
wherein k is a coefficient; d is the diameter of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; delta 3 The thickness of the adhesive is the thickness of the adhesive; Γ -shaped structure 1 Shear strength of the carbon fiber composite board; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; Γ -shaped structure 3 Is the shear strength of the adhesive; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) ps Is the allowable extrusion stress of the adhesive; s is the area of the punch; t is the time for the punch to impact the willow pin.
5. The self-punching adhesion Liu Fangfa of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and the alloy plate according to claim 4, wherein the step 3 further comprises a fuzzy controller:
inputting the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole into a fuzzy controller, wherein the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate and the temperature T in the central hole are classified into 7 grades;
the fuzzy controller outputs the height H of the punch head from the willow nails, and the output is divided into 7 grades;
the fuzzy domain of the thickness L of the adhesive thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is [0,1], and the quantification factor is 12; the fuzzy domain of the temperature T in the central hole is [3,4], and the quantization factor is 50; the fuzzy domain of the height H of the output punch from the willow nails is [0,1], and the quantization factor is 40;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs is NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB.
6. The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-punch-bonding Liu Fangfa of claim 5 further comprising a fuzzy PID controller:
inputting the temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole in the ith impact process t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure FDA0004133024360000032
The proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are input into a PID controller to carry out error compensation control on the height H of the punch from the willow nails.
7. The self-punching adhesive Liu Fangfa for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite boards and alloy boards according to claim 6,
the temperature T in the central hole and the temperature T in the through hole t The difference DeltaT and the ideal difference of (2)
Figure FDA0004133024360000031
The fuzzy argument of the deviation e of (2) is [ -1,1]The quantization factor is 10; the fuzzy universe of variation rate of deviation ec is [ -3,3]The quantization factor is 1;
the fuzzy domain of the proportional coefficient of the output PID is [ -1,1], and the quantization factor is 0.1; the fuzzy argument of the proportional integral coefficient is [ -1,1], and the quantization factor is 0.1; the fuzzy argument of the differential coefficient is [ -1,1], its quantization factor is 0.0001;
the deviation e and the deviation change rate ec are divided into 7 grades; the proportional coefficient, the proportional integral coefficient and the differential coefficient of the output PID are divided into 7 grades;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs of the fuzzy PID controller is { NB, NM, NS,0,PS,PM,PB }.
8. The self-punching adhesive Liu Fangfa for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates according to claim 4, wherein the time for the punch to impact the willow pin is 2.3-2.6 s.
9. The self-punching adhesion Liu Fangfa of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and the alloy plate according to claim 4, wherein glass beads are placed at four corners of the alloy plate for controlling the thickness of the adhesive before the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate is adhered after the alloy plate is glued in the step 1.
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CN105458147A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-04-06 吉林大学 Self-punching bond-riveting connecting device and bond-riveting method
CN205599858U (en) * 2016-01-23 2016-09-28 吉林大学 Laser heating has rivet riveting set

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JP2013068233A (en) * 2011-09-20 2013-04-18 Toyota Motor Corp Connection structure and connection method
CN103223726A (en) * 2012-01-25 2013-07-31 布德特龙尼克有限公司 Method and apparatus for connecting objects
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