CN107932927B - Thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material and alloy self-piercing riveting device and riveting method - Google Patents
Thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material and alloy self-piercing riveting device and riveting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107932927B CN107932927B CN201711431131.5A CN201711431131A CN107932927B CN 107932927 B CN107932927 B CN 107932927B CN 201711431131 A CN201711431131 A CN 201711431131A CN 107932927 B CN107932927 B CN 107932927B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/954—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the thickness of the parts to be joined
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-punching and willow-connecting device for a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and an alloy plate, which comprises the following components: the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, the first through holes are communicated with the through holes, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the through holes and the first through holes; the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole; the edge pressing ring is of a cylindrical structure, a central hole is formed in the center of the edge pressing ring, second through holes are formed in two sides of the edge pressing ring, the second through holes are communicated with the central hole, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the central hole and the second through holes; the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and the punch can axially move along the central hole. The invention also provides a method for the joint, which can adjust the impact pressure of the punch and improve the quality of the joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of riveting of thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates, in particular to a self-piercing riveting device and a riveting method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plates and alloy plates.
Background
The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material has the remarkable advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, good collision resistance and energy absorption, good fatigue resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance, high toughness price ratio, no chemical reaction in the forming process, recycling, and the like. Thus, thermoplastic composites have found wide application in the fields of aviation, marine, automotive, and the like. In the automotive industry, the specific gravity of carbon fiber composite materials is also rising year by year, and is being widely accepted as a high-performance composite material, and the conversion from a high-end vehicle type to a middle-end vehicle type is rapidly being realized.
The application of thermoplastic composites in the automotive industry will inevitably create connection problems with conventional metallic materials such as steel, aluminum alloys, and the like. At present, the connection modes of the plates in the automobile mainly comprise: welding, riveting and bonding. The joining of carbon fiber composites to other panels in automobiles typically uses bonding and bolting. Riveting is a novel lightweight joining technique that is commonly applied to joining of dissimilar metals or dissimilar metals. The carbon fiber composite material has small plastic deformation in the deformation process, has ductility which is far different from that of the metal material, and limits the application of the riveting technology.
The Chinese patent application CN105479771B discloses a preparation method of a carbon fiber composite material plate and a self-piercing riveting die and method of the carbon fiber composite material plate and an aluminum alloy plate, but the carbon fiber composite material plate is riveted at normal temperature, and through holes are also needed to be formed in the composite material plate, so that the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material is excessively complex in form in the cold deformation damage process, namely 'lotus root wire breakage' is likely to occur, namely resin matrix is damaged, fibers are not broken, and the mechanical property of the riveted part is severely reduced. On the other hand, when the rivet completely penetrates through the carbon fiber composite plate, the carbon fiber is locally damaged, and the mechanical properties of the fiber are mutually related, so that the local performance of the periphery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop a self-piercing riveting device for a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and an alloy plate, which can rivet when the composite material plate is in a viscous state, and has the advantages of good riveting effect, simple structure and convenient operation.
The invention further aims to design and develop a self-piercing riveting method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, which can heat the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, enable the riveting position of the composite material plate to be in a viscous state, actively adjust the impact pressure of a punch head and improve the quality of a riveted joint.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and alloy plate self-piercing riveting device, comprising:
the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, the first through holes are communicated with the through holes, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the through holes and the first through holes;
the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole;
the edge pressing ring is of a cylindrical structure, a central hole is formed in the center of the edge pressing ring, second through holes are formed in two sides of the edge pressing ring, the second through holes are communicated with the central hole, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the central hole and the second through holes;
the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and the punch can axially move along the central hole.
Preferably, the conical projection upper surface is coplanar with the mandrel upper surface; the rotation axis of the conical bulge is collinear with the rotation axis of the circular groove.
Preferably, the first via hole is arranged obliquely upwards and communicated with the through hole; the second via hole is arranged obliquely downwards and communicated with the central hole.
Preferably, the heat insulating pipe is a vacuum heat insulating pipe.
Preferably, the device further comprises a constant temperature heat gun for supplying hot air into the first via hole and the second via hole.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the communication part of the first via hole and the through hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the through hole;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the communication position of the second through hole and the central hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole;
the height sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the punch and used for detecting the height of the punch from the willow nails;
a pressure sensor provided on the punch for detecting an impact pressure of the punch;
the thickness sensor is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the blank holder and the upper surface of the female die and is used for measuring the thickness of the riveting piece;
a driving mechanism connected with the punch head, the device is used for controlling the height and impact pressure of the punch from the willow nails;
and the controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the pressure sensor, the thickness sensor and the driving mechanism, and is used for receiving detection data of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor and the thickness sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to work.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a self-piercing riveting method of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate to be riveted and an alloy plate between a female die and a blank holder and compacting, wherein the alloy plate is arranged below, and a punch pushes a rivet to contact the upper surface of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: blowing hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and controlling the temperature in the central hole to meet the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 270 and less than or equal to 290 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 8 minutes;
step 3: the punch is driven to ascend to a certain height and then descend, the willow nails are pushed to penetrate into the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate under a certain impact pressure, after riveting is finished, the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate are slowly cooled to room temperature, and the impact pressure of the punch is as follows:
wherein F is p Is the impact pressure of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; Γ -shaped structure 1 Shear strength of the carbon fiber composite board; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; s is the area of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; m is M p Is the weight of the punch.
Preferably, the height of the punch from the nail is as follows:
wherein H is p The height of the punch head from the willow nails; f (F) p Impact pressure of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; s is the area of the punch; t is the temperature in the central hole.
Preferably, the slow cooling to room temperature in step 3 includes adjusting the constant temperature heat gun temperature to:
wherein T is t The temperature of the constant temperature heat gun at time T is T t+1 The temperature of the constant temperature heat gun is t+1.
Preferably, the time for the punch to impact the willow nails is 1.6-2.0 s.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The self-piercing riveting device for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate can rivet when the composite material plate is in a viscous state, does not need to be provided with a through hole, and has good riveting effect, simple structure and convenient operation.
(2) According to the self-punching riveting method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate can be heated, the riveting position of the composite material plate is in a viscous state, the impact pressure of a punch is actively regulated, and the quality of a riveting joint is improved; meanwhile, the height of the punch away from the willow nails is adjusted, the riveting effect is improved, and when the temperature of the constant-temperature hot blast stove is slowly cooled to the room temperature, the quality of a riveting joint is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a full sectional view of a front view of a self-piercing riveting apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a full sectional view of a front view of the binder of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the binder ring according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a full cross-sectional view of a front view of the female die of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the female die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a full cross-sectional view of a front view of a mandrel according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a mandrel according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a control module according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an engineering drawing of the punch, die and mandrel of the present invention before heating in step 1.
Fig. 10 is an engineering drawing of the punch, die and mandrel prior to riveting in step 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the riveting performed in step 3 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of structures and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a self-piercing riveting apparatus for a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and an alloy sheet, comprising: the female die 100 is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole 120 is formed in the center of the female die, first through holes 110 are formed in two sides of the female die, the first through holes are communicated with the through hole 120, and heat insulation pipes 121 and 111 are respectively in interference fit with the through hole 120 and the first through holes 110; the lower part of the mandrel 200 is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove 210, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone 220, and the mandrel 200 is connected with the through hole 120 in a matched manner and can move along the axial direction of the through hole 120; the blank holder 300 is in a cylindrical structure, a central hole 320 is formed in the center of the blank holder, second through holes 310 are formed in two sides of the blank holder, the second through holes 310 are communicated with the central hole 320, the blank holder 300 is arranged above the female die 100 and opposite to the female die 100, and heat insulation pipes 321 and 311 are respectively in interference fit with the central hole 320 and the second through holes 310; a punch 400, which is of cylindrical configuration and is coupled to the central bore 320 in a mating manner, is axially movable along the central bore 320. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the conical protrusion 220 is coplanar with the upper surface of the mandrel 200; the axis of rotation of the conical protrusion 220 is collinear with the axis of rotation of the circular recess 210. Preferably, the angle between the ridge line of the conical protrusion 220 and the side surface of the circular groove 210 is 45 DEG
As another embodiment of the present invention, the first via hole 110 is disposed obliquely upward and is communicated with the through hole 120, and has an air inlet on one side and an air outlet on one side; the second via hole 310 is obliquely arranged downwards and communicated with the central hole 320, one side is an air inlet hole, one side is an air outlet hole, the aperture of the first via hole 110 and the second via hole 310 is 4mm, the heat insulation pipe is a vacuum heat insulation pipe, the wall thickness is 1mm, and when the willow nail 500 is contacted with the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate 600, the lower edge of the nail cap of the willow nail 500 and the second via hole 310 are positioned on the same horizontal plane; a rivet (comprising a bonded thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate 600 and an alloy plate 700) disposed between the die 100 and the blank holder 300; the rivet 500, which is a semi-hollow countersunk rivet, has a nut central opening, is disposed in the central hole 320 and contacts the upper surface of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet 600. In this embodiment, a constant temperature heat gun (not shown) is further included to supply hot air into the first via hole 110 and the second via hole 320.
As another embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a first temperature sensor 810, disposed at a communication position between the first via hole 110 and the through hole 120, for detecting a temperature in the through hole 110; a second temperature sensor 820, which is disposed at the communication position between the second via hole 310 and the central hole 320, and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole 320; a height sensor 830, which is disposed at the bottom surface of the punch 400, for detecting the height of the punch 400 from the tacks 500; a pressure sensor 840 provided on the punch 400 for detecting an impact pressure of the punch 400; a thickness sensor 850 disposed on the lower surface of the blank holder 300 and the upper surface of the female die 100, respectively, for measuring the thickness of the rivet; a driving mechanism 860 coupled to the punch 400 for controlling the height and impact pressure of the punch 400 from the tacks 500; and a controller 800 connected to the first temperature sensor 810, the second temperature sensor 820, the height sensor 830, the speed sensor 840, the thickness sensor 850 and the driving mechanism 860, for receiving the detection data of the first temperature sensor 810, the second temperature sensor 820, the height sensor 830, the speed sensor 840 and the thickness sensor 850 and controlling the driving mechanism 860 to operate.
The self-piercing riveting device for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate can rivet when the composite material plate is in a viscous state, does not need to be provided with a through hole, and has good riveting effect, simple structure and convenient operation.
The invention also provides a self-piercing riveting method of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate to be riveted and an alloy plate between a female die and a blank holder and compacting, wherein the alloy plate is arranged below, and a punch pushes a rivet to contact the upper surface of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: the constant temperature hot blast furnace blows hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and heats the part of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate to be riveted, as shown in fig. 9, the parameters of the constant temperature hot blast gun are as follows:
hot air temperature adjustable range: t=265 to 300 ℃;
constant temperature hot air gun air volume: v=20 to 40L/min;
the temperature in the control center hole satisfies: t is more than or equal to 270 and less than or equal to 290 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 8 minutes, so that the riveting position of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate is in a viscous state;
step 3: driving the punch to ascend to a certain height and then descend, pushing the willow nails to penetrate through the viscous thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate with certain impact pressure, enabling molten fiber reinforced composite material to flow into a semi-hollow cavity of the willow nails, gradually turning out rivet legs to form rivets under the combined action of the groove cavity and the punch, and slowly cooling to room temperature after riveting is finished as shown in fig. 10-11, wherein the time for the punch to impact the willow nails is 1.6-2.0 s;
the impact pressure of the punch is as follows:
wherein F is p Is the impact pressure of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; Γ -shaped structure 1 Shear strength of the carbon fiber composite board; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; s is the area of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; m is M p Is the weight of the punch.
The height of the punch head from the willow nails is as follows:
wherein H is p For the distance of the punch from the nailHeight of the steel plate; f (F) p Impact pressure of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; s is the area of the punch; t is the temperature in the central hole.
The slow cooling to room temperature includes adjusting the constant temperature heat gun temperature to satisfy:
wherein T is t The temperature of the constant temperature heat gun at time T is T t+1 In this example, 1 represents a period of time, which may be 1s, 10s, 30s,1min, etc., and is set according to the actual situation.
According to the self-punching riveting method for the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate, the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate can be heated, the riveting position of the composite material plate is in a viscous state, the impact pressure of a punch is actively regulated, and the quality of a riveting joint is improved; meanwhile, the height of the punch away from the willow nails is adjusted, the riveting effect is improved, and when the temperature of the constant-temperature hot blast stove is slowly cooled to the room temperature, the quality of a riveting joint is further improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A thermoplastic carbon fiber composite plate and alloy plate self-piercing riveting device, comprising:
the die is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the die, first through holes are formed in two sides of the die, the first through holes are communicated with the through holes, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the through holes and the first through holes;
the lower part of the mandrel is of a solid cylindrical structure, the center of the upper part of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove, the bottom surface of the groove protrudes upwards to form a cone shape, and the mandrel is connected with the through hole in a matched manner and can axially move along the through hole;
the edge pressing ring is of a cylindrical structure, a central hole is formed in the center of the edge pressing ring, second through holes are formed in two sides of the edge pressing ring, the second through holes are communicated with the central hole, and heat insulation pipes are in interference fit with the central hole and the second through holes;
the punch is of a cylindrical structure and is connected with the central hole in a matching way, and can axially move along the central hole;
the conical convex upper surface is coplanar with the upper surface of the mandrel; the axis of rotation of the conical projection is collinear with the axis of rotation of the circular recess.
2. The self-piercing riveting apparatus for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet as recited in claim 1, wherein the first via hole is disposed obliquely upward in communication with the through hole; the second via hole is arranged obliquely downwards and communicated with the central hole.
3. The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-piercing riveting apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat insulating tube is a evacuated heat insulating tube.
4. The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-piercing riveting apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a constant temperature heat gun for providing heated air into the first and second vias.
5. The thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet self-piercing riveting apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the communication part of the first via hole and the through hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the through hole;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the communication position of the second through hole and the central hole and is used for detecting the temperature in the central hole;
the height sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the punch and used for detecting the height of the punch from the willow nails;
a pressure sensor provided on the punch for detecting an impact pressure of the punch;
the thickness sensor is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the blank holder and the upper surface of the female die and is used for measuring the thickness of the riveting piece;
the driving mechanism is connected with the punch and used for controlling the height and impact pressure of the punch from the willow nails;
and the controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the pressure sensor, the thickness sensor and the driving mechanism, and is used for receiving detection data of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the height sensor, the speed sensor and the thickness sensor and controlling the driving mechanism to work.
6. The self-piercing riveting method of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: placing a thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate to be riveted and an alloy plate between a female die and a blank holder and compacting, wherein the alloy plate is arranged below, and a punch pushes a rivet to contact the upper surface of the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate;
step 2: blowing hot air into the through hole and the central hole through the first through hole and the second through hole, and controlling the temperature in the central hole to meet the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 270 and less than or equal to 290 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 8 minutes;
step 3: the punch is driven to ascend to a certain height and then descend, the willow nails are pushed to penetrate into the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate under a certain impact pressure, after riveting is finished, the thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material plate and the alloy plate are slowly cooled to room temperature, and the impact pressure of the punch is as follows:
wherein F is p Is the impact pressure of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; delta 1 The thickness of the carbon fiber composite material plate is; delta 2 The thickness of the alloy plate is; Γ -shaped structure 1 Shear strength of the carbon fiber composite board; Γ -shaped structure 2 The shear strength of the alloy plate; sigma (sigma) bs Allowable extrusion stress for the carbon fiber composite material plate; sigma (sigma) as Allowable extrusion stress for the alloy plate; s is the area of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; m is M p The weight of the punch is the weight of the punch;
the height of the punch head from the willow nails is as follows:
wherein H is p The height of the punch head from the willow nails; f (F) p Impact pressure of the punch; upsilon (v) p Is the impact speed of the punch; d is the radius of the rivet; s is the area of the punch; t is the temperature in the central hole;
slowly cooling to room temperature in the step 3 comprises the steps of adjusting the temperature of the constant-temperature hot air gun to meet the following conditions:
wherein T is t The temperature of the constant temperature heat gun at time T is T t+1 The temperature of the constant temperature heat gun is t+1.
7. The self-piercing riveting method for thermoplastic carbon fiber composite sheet and alloy sheet as defined in claim 6, wherein the time for the punch to strike the nail is 1.6-2.0 s.
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