CN104593670A - 一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104593670A
CN104593670A CN201510022775.3A CN201510022775A CN104593670A CN 104593670 A CN104593670 A CN 104593670A CN 201510022775 A CN201510022775 A CN 201510022775A CN 104593670 A CN104593670 A CN 104593670A
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陈红
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法,其中该软磁材料使用如下原子配比的合金材料制成:Fe(100-a-b-c-d-e-f)NiaSibAlcCedBeNbf,其中:a=15-20,b=3-4,c=10-15,d=1-2,e=3-5,f=1-3该方法包括如下步骤:(1)熔铸母合金,(2)制备非合金带,(3)制备软磁材料产品。本发明制备的软磁材料,采用铁镍为主体材料以提高导磁率,往其中添加较大比例铝,以提升材料的延展性,使得材料的力学性能,特别是可塑性提高,适当添加硅铈硼铌元素,以改善材料的抗磁饱和能力。

Description

一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法
技术领域
 本发明涉一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法。
背景技术
自问世以来,非晶软磁性合金立即引起引起了人们的极大重视,是近几十年来材料研究的热点之一。非晶软磁合金因其原子不规则排列、非周期性、没有晶粒晶界的存在,磁畴的钉扎点或钉扎线少,磁晶各向异性很小,显示良好的软磁特性:矫顽力小、磁导率高、磁感应强度高、电阻率高、损耗小、频率特性好。
与Fe基非晶合金相比,添加Ni制成的铁镍基非晶合金的磁致伸缩系数和磁晶各向异性常数更小,软磁性能更加优异。铁镍基非晶软磁合金是投入使用最早,也是目前应用量最大的非晶软磁材料之一,它具有矫顽力小,磁导率较高,频率特性好,稳定性好等特点,常用来替代坡莫合金,主要用在高精度,高灵敏度器件上。
现有的非晶软磁合金,改善软磁性能和力学性能常常相互制约,很难同时提高合金的各个性能。然而,在很多领域应用,都要求FeNi基非晶软磁合金必须同时具有高非晶形成能力,优异的磁性能和力学性能,尤其是需要较大塑性变形能力。
发明内容
本发明提供一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法,该方法制备的磁性材料具有高磁导率、高抗磁饱和特性和良好的力学性能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法,其中该软磁材料使用如下原子配比的合金材料制成:Fe(100-a-b-c-d-e-f)NiaSibAlcCedBeNbf,其中:a=15-20,b=3-4,c=10-15,d=1-2,e=3-5,f=1-3该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)熔铸母合金
将纯度大于99.9%的原料Fe、Ni、Si、Al、Ce、B和Nb,按Fe(100-a-b-c-d-e-f)NiaSibAlcCedBeNbf合金成分以原子百分比称量并配料,铈以铁铈合金的方式加入;将真空电弧熔炼炉预热后,通入1-2个大气压的氩气,加入上述原料,反复熔炼4-5次,注入模具冷却为母合金锭,形成母合金;
(2)制备非合金带
将母合金锭破碎,并将母合金放入真空电弧熔炼炉中重熔,然后将所属母合金放入高真空单辊旋淬炉中,旋淬出晶纳米晶软磁合金带其中,高真空单辊旋淬炉的喷嘴到铜辊之间距离为1-2mm,铜辊的线速度为20-35m/s,喷嘴的喷注压强为1.5-2Mpa,单辊旋淬炉真空度优于5×10-4Pa,软磁合金带的厚度为20-25μm,宽度为20-30mm;
(3)制备软磁材料产品
将上述合金带氢破后,利用行星球磨机球磨制粉,球磨时并采用氩气保护的方式防止混合粉末氧化,最后得到粒径为1-3μm的粉体;
将上述粉体压制成预定形状后,放入真空高温电阻炉后,以10-15℃/min的升温速度升温至800-950℃,保温3-4h后,以15-20℃/min的降温速度等温退火至室温,得到本发明的软磁材料。
本发明制备的软磁材料,采用铁镍为主体材料以提高导磁率,往其中添加较大比例铝,以提升材料的延展性,使得材料的力学性能,特别是可塑性提高,适当添加硅铈硼铌元素,以改善材料的抗磁饱和能力。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例的软磁材料使用如下原子配比的合金材料制成:Fe67Ni15Si3Al10Ce1B3Nb1
将纯度大于99.9%的原料Fe、Ni、Si、Al、Ce、B和Nb,按Fe67Ni15Si3Al10Ce1B3Nb1合金成分以原子百分比称量并配料,铈以铁铈合金的方式加入;将真空电弧熔炼炉预热后,通入1个大气压的氩气,加入上述原料,反复熔炼4次,注入模具冷却为母合金锭,形成母合金。
将母合金锭破碎,并将母合金放入真空电弧熔炼炉中重熔,然后将所属母合金放入高真空单辊旋淬炉中,旋淬出晶纳米晶软磁合金带其中,高真空单辊旋淬炉的喷嘴到铜辊之间距离为1mm,铜辊的线速度为20m/s,喷嘴的喷注压强为1.5Mpa,单辊旋淬炉真空度优于5×10-4Pa,软磁合金带的厚度为20μm,宽度为20mm。
将上述合金带氢破后,利用行星球磨机球磨制粉,球磨时并采用氩气保护的方式防止混合粉末氧化,最后得到粒径为1-3μm的粉体。
将上述粉体压制成预定形状后,放入真空高温电阻炉后,以10℃/min的升温速度升温至800℃,保温4h后,以15℃/min的降温速度等温退火至室温,得到本发明的软磁材料。
实施例二
本实施例的软磁材料使用如下原子配比的合金材料制成:Fe51Ni20Si4Al15Ce2B5Nb3
将纯度大于99.9%的原料Fe、Ni、Si、Al、Ce、B和Nb,按Fe51Ni20Si4Al15Ce2B5Nb3合金成分以原子百分比称量并配料,铈以铁铈合金的方式加入;将真空电弧熔炼炉预热后,通入2个大气压的氩气,加入上述原料,反复熔炼5次,注入模具冷却为母合金锭,形成母合金。
将母合金锭破碎,并将母合金放入真空电弧熔炼炉中重熔,然后将所属母合金放入高真空单辊旋淬炉中,旋淬出晶纳米晶软磁合金带其中,高真空单辊旋淬炉的喷嘴到铜辊之间距离为2mm,铜辊的线速度为35m/s,喷嘴的喷注压强为2Mpa,单辊旋淬炉真空度优于5×10-4Pa,软磁合金带的厚度为25μm,宽度为30mm。
将上述合金带氢破后,利用行星球磨机球磨制粉,球磨时并采用氩气保护的方式防止混合粉末氧化,最后得到粒径为1-3μm的粉体。
将上述粉体压制成预定形状后,放入真空高温电阻炉后,以15℃/min的升温速度升温至950℃,保温3h后,以20℃/min的降温速度等温退火至室温,得到本发明的软磁材料。
比较例
将纯度不低于99.9 %(质量百分比)的工业原材料按Fe40Ni40B16Mo3Nb1成分配料约60 g;  将清洗干净的原材料放入WS-4型非自耗真空电弧熔炼炉内,熔炼气氛为略大于一个大气压的氩气保护,熔炼电流250A—350A,为保证合金成分的均匀性,反复熔炼4次,每次熔炼时间为1 min,经电弧熔炼制备出成分均匀的母合金铸锭; 将铸锭敲碎,放入石英试管中,采用单辊甩带法制备出宽2 ~ 4 mm,厚20 ~ 40 μm的非晶合金薄带; 采用SK2-4-10型管式退火炉,在Ar气的保护下,非晶薄带在320℃~350℃等温退火一个小时,随后在Ar气保护下出炉冷却。将合金带卷绕剪切成预定尺寸和形状的软磁材料。
 对具有相同形状和大小的实施例1-2及比较例的软磁材料进行磁性能。测试结果显示:实施例1-2得到的软磁材料的导磁率和抗磁饱和强度比较例的软磁材料分别提高15%和20%以上。

Claims (1)

1. 一种铁镍基软磁材料的制备方法,其中该软磁材料使用如下原子配比的合金材料制成:Fe(100-a-b-c-d-e-f)NiaSibAlcCedBeNbf,其中:a=15-20,b=3-4,c=10-15,d=1-2,e=3-5,f=1-3该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)熔铸母合金
将纯度大于99.9%的原料Fe、Ni、Si、Al、Ce、B和Nb,按Fe(100-a-b-c-d-e-f)NiaSibAlcCedBeNbf合金成分以原子百分比称量并配料,铈以铁铈合金的方式加入;将真空电弧熔炼炉预热后,通入1-2个大气压的氩气,加入上述原料,反复熔炼4-5次,注入模具冷却为母合金锭,形成母合金;
(2)制备非合金带
将母合金锭破碎,并将母合金放入真空电弧熔炼炉中重熔,然后将所属母合金放入高真空单辊旋淬炉中,旋淬出晶纳米晶软磁合金带, 其中,高真空单辊旋淬炉的喷嘴到铜辊之间距离为1-2mm,铜辊的线速度为20-35m/s,喷嘴的喷注压强为1.5-2Mpa,单辊旋淬炉真空度优于5×10-4Pa,软磁合金带的厚度为20-25μm,宽度为20-30mm;
(3)制备软磁材料产品
将上述合金带氢破后,利用行星球磨机球磨制粉,球磨时并采用氩气保护的方式防止混合粉末氧化,最后得到粒径为1-3μm的粉体;
将上述粉体压制成预定形状后,放入真空高温电阻炉后,以10-15℃/min的升温速度升温至800-950℃,保温3-4h后,以15-20℃/min的降温速度等温退火至室温,得到本发明的软磁材料。
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CN108220785A (zh) * 2018-02-05 2018-06-29 浙江炊大王炊具有限公司 一种用于煎锅的复底片及其制备方法及应用

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