CN104591506B - Black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system - Google Patents
Black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104591506B CN104591506B CN201510051784.5A CN201510051784A CN104591506B CN 104591506 B CN104591506 B CN 104591506B CN 201510051784 A CN201510051784 A CN 201510051784A CN 104591506 B CN104591506 B CN 104591506B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A kind of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system, comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Network of waterways upstream connects by front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and catchment, the network of waterways successively; Backflow runner is arranged between catchment, the network of waterways and network of waterways upstream; Water level promoting device injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and the lifting of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool water rear and network of waterways upstream successively jointly by the water in catchment, the network of waterways. That the present invention has advantages of is convenient for installation and maintenance, expense is low, the reduction ability of Water phosphorus by force, is not substantially taken network of waterways water surface area and do not hinder the network of waterways to control flood and drain flooded fields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Water Ecological Recovery field, relate to a kind of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system.
Background technology
Plain river network is one of main Types of the network of waterways, cities and towns. Be characterized in upstream, the network of waterways and level of tail water dropLittle, water velocity is slow, water body self-purification ability is low, cities and towns are polluted into river amount greatly in addition, cause plain river network black smellyPhenomenon is serious, and town dweller's quality of life is badly damaged.
For solving the black smelly problem of plain river network, the measure of mainly taking is at present as follows:
1) strengthen and cut dirty dynamics, reduce into river contaminant capacity; 2) draw dirt removal clearly, accelerate pollution of river thing downstreamShift; 3) in river course, adopt original position improvement technology, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration, suppress black smelly phenomenon and send outRaw.
Wherein, take to cut after dirty measure and to promote comparatively bright polluting River-Net Water Quality comparatively concentrate into river in the situation thatAobvious. But what actual conditions were more at present is to pollute and arrange a mouthful dispersion into river, and the dirty mixed flow row of rain mouth is more, furtherCut dirty expense high, be difficult to further reduce into river contaminant capacity, thereby it is black smelly to be difficult to solve current plain river networkProblem.
The effect of drawing dirt removal clearly is also got instant result. But more come, for rare water resource, to make to draw the one-tenth of dirt removal clearlyOriginally improve constantly, cannot implement in a lot of areas to such an extent as to draw dirt removal clearly, the engineering frequency of utilization of having implemented is continuousDecline. Moreover, drawing dirt removal is clearly only that pollution is shifted downstream, and reduction contaminant capacity not yet in effect, because ofThe environmental-protecting performance of this method is poor.
There is setting to make stream aerator, artificial aquatic weed, input are set for eliminating the black smelly original position improvement technology of water bodyThe various ways such as microbial bacterial agent, input oxygenation agent. But making stream aerator, setting can take the network of waterways water surface, a large amount ofUsing can infringement River Landscape, and because network of waterways region area is large, therefore equipment installation and maintenance labour intensity also large,It is high that expense is protected in installation; Artificial aquatic weed is set and can takies network of waterways flow section, a large amount of use can hinder network of waterways flood control rowDrag for; Input microbial bacterial agent, input oxygenation agent all can only maintain more fugitive fruit, and each cost of use is higher.Moreover, it is better to Organic Pollutants In Water removal effect that these original positions are administered technology, but in water bodyNitrogen phosphorus removal effect is comparatively limited; Meanwhile, original position improvement technology itself does not have rubbish and oil slick cleaning merit in waterCan, while adopting original position to administer technology, garbage on water can only adopt manually at present or service module is salvaged along the river, salvagesLabour intensity is large, and water oil stain cannot be removed substantially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of mentioning in above method, and then a kind of installation and maintenance side is providedJust, installation and maintenance expense is low, to the reduction ability of Water phosphorus by force, substantially do not take network of waterways water surface area withAnd the black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system that does not hinder the network of waterways to control flood and drain flooded fields.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system, is characterized in that: described black smelly type plain river networkEntirety Ecosystem restoration system comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, rear end, the network of waterwaysTrunk river course, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic lifeHua Chi, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Described network of waterways upstream is logical successivelyCross under front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and the network of waterwaysTrip district connects; The side of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream along the river between catchment, the described network of waterways and network of waterways upstreamTo being provided with backflow runner; Described deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feedingFish culture pond and water level promoting device are successively set on backflow runner; Described water level promoting device is by the network of waterwaysWater in catchment is successively by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feedingThe water that fish culture pond promotes rear and network of waterways upstream injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways jointly.
As preferably, black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present invention also comprises and being arranged onBypass runner between network of waterways upstream and catchment, the network of waterways; On described bypass runner, be provided with bypass runner flowControl device; The described network of waterways is provided with upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device on front end trunk river course; Described riverNet upstream connects by bypass runner volume control device and bypass runner and catchment, the network of waterways; Described riverWater in net upstream by after the flow of inlet water control device of upstream, the network of waterways with water level promoting device by downstream, the network of waterwaysWater in district injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways in the lump.
As preferably, black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present invention also comprises respectively and establishingPut branch channel, the network of waterways volume control device on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways.
As preferably, black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present invention also comprises respectively and establishingPut on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and along the second deslagging device and second oil removal of water (flow) direction and fillPut.
As preferably, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways of the present invention, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one orIn branch channel, many networks of waterways and backflow runner, cultivation has zoobenthos.
As preferably, aerobic biochemical pool of the present invention is biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed.
As preferably, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool of the present invention is to have sedimentation basin featureHigh cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool or the high cultivation density filter-feeding fish of deep water type culturing pool.
As preferably, in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool of the present invention, be provided with aeration dressPut.
As preferably, bypass runner volume control device of the present invention, the flow of inlet water control of upstream, the network of waterwaysDevice and branch channel, network of waterways volume control device are all gate or rubber dam.
As preferably, gate of the present invention is bottom-open type gate.
The present invention compares compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present invention is in water level minimum point (river, the network of waterwaysNet catchment) and peak (network of waterways upstream) between carry out water level promoting, to produce within the scope of restoration of the ecosystemWater body circulate; In the network of waterways, water level minimum point adopts aerobic biochemical pool in the water flow process between peakDegraded organic pollutants, reduction ammonia nitrogen concentration, increase dissolved oxygen concentration; Adopt high cultivation density filter-feedingFish culture pond reduces Measures of Algae in Water Body concentration; Before current enter aerobic biochemical pool, adopt deslagging device andOil-isolating device is removed respectively rubbish and oil slick in water. In aerobic biochemical pool, adopt mechanical aeration oxygenation, molten in water bodySolution oxygen increases, and has a large amount of aerobic microbiologicals in aerobic biochemical pool simultaneously, aerobic micro-in the situation that of dissolved oxygen abundanceBiological taking Organic Pollutants In Water as food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thus remove waterOrganic pollution and ammonia nitrogen in body, eliminate water body black smelly. Because dissolved oxygen concentration is too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration is too high rightFish Survival growth can bring adverse effect, and therefore aerobic biochemical pool is also follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fishCulturing pool normally moves has created good condition. Filter-feeding fish is taking algae and zooplankter as food, current processAfter high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankter concentration reduce, water transparencyObtain promote, nitrogen P elements transfers in fish body, by the salvaging of fish the most at last in nitrogen P elements in water bodyRemove. Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankter concentration reduce level can be as required by regulating the algae of filter-feeding fishClass and the control of zooplankter intake. After water body circulates, the rubbish in water and oil slick can be with current directionsDownstream flow, taked slagging-off and oil removal measure one side high-efficiency cleaning before the aerobic biochemical pool water surface, the opposing partyFace ensures that aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool efficiently move. Water body circulatesAfter, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, and levels water body oxygen exchange interaction strengthens, and contributes to bottom, river course to polluteThing degraded with remove, be also to maintain aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is efficiently transported simultaneouslyThe important sources of the dissolved oxygen of row, owing to having taked slagging-off and oil removal measure, this effect is further enhanced.Black smelly type water body operating cost is mainly water oxygenation expense, native system circulate, remove the gred by water body and everyWet goods measure, has substituted a great deal of aeration mechanical enhancement with waterbody circular oxygenation, and for plain river network,Because water-head between peak level and lowest water level is little, the power cost that produces water body circulation is limited, thereforeOperating cost has larger saving compared with prior art. In native system facility baseset, be arranged on a region, therefore peaceFill easy to maintenancely, installation and maintenance expense is lower. Therefore, generally, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, convenient for installation and maintenance, installation and maintenance expense is lower; If 2 reach identical black smelly type plain river network waterBody Effect of Ecological Restoration, operating cost significantly reduces; 3, can not only effectively reduce black smelly type plain river networkOrganic pollutants in water body concentration, improve Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration, eliminate black smellyly, also can effectively cut down water body simultaneouslyMiddle nitrogen and phosphorus content, realizes water depth and purifies; 4, substantially do not take network of waterways water surface area; 5, do not hinder the network of waterwaysControl flood and drain flooded fields; 6, significantly reduce garbage on water and salvaged labour intensity; 7, realization is regularly complete to water oil stainFace is removed; 8, pollution-free transfer, the feature of environmental protection is good; 9, significantly extend network of waterways desilting dredge complete the cycle; 10, withBetween other water ecology recovery techniques, there is good compatibility.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment former of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present inventionReason schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the second embodiment former of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present inventionReason schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the 3rd embodiment former of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present inventionReason schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the 4th embodiment former of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present inventionReason schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the 5th embodiment former of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present inventionReason schematic diagram;
Wherein, the corresponding name of the Reference numeral in accompanying drawing is called:
1-deslagging device; 2-oil-isolating device; 3-aerobic biochemical pool; The high cultivation density filter-feeding fish of 4-culturing pool;5-water level promoting device; Front end trunk river course, the 61-network of waterways; 62,63, branch channel, the 64-network of waterways; The 65-network of waterwaysTrunk river course, rear end; 66-backflow runner; 67-bypass runner; Upstream, 71-network of waterways flow of inlet water control device;72,73, branch channel, 74-network of waterways volume control device; 77-bypass runner volume control device; At the bottom of 8-, dwellAnimal.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system, this black smelly typePlain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system comprise network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways,Trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device,Aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Network of waterways upstream successivelyBy front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and the network of waterwaysCatchment connects; The direction of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream along the river between catchment, the network of waterways and network of waterways upstreamBe provided with backflow runner; Deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish are supportedGrowing pond and water level promoting device is successively set on backflow runner; Water level promoting device is by catchment, the network of waterwaysWater is successively by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing poolThe water that promotes rear and network of waterways upstream injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways jointly.
Operation principle of the present invention is: at network of waterways water level minimum point (catchment, the network of waterways) and peak (on the network of waterwaysTrip district) between carry out water level promoting, circulate with the water body producing within the scope of restoration of the ecosystem; At network of waterways water levelMinimum point adopts aerobic biochemical pool degraded organic pollutants, reduction ammonia in the water flow process between peakNitrogen concentration, increase dissolved oxygen concentration; Adopt high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool to reduce Measures of Algae in Water Body denseDegree; Before current enter high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, adopt deslagging device and oil-isolating device to divideDo not remove rubbish and oil slick in water.
The specific works mode of black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system provided by the present invention is:
1) for black smelly type plain river network, from upstream, the network of waterways toward downstream, its organic pollutants in water body concentration constantly increasesAdd, dissolved oxygen concentration constantly declines, during to aerobic biochemical pool entrance organic contamination substrate concentration concentration reach peak,Dissolved oxygen concentration drops to minimum; In aerobic biochemical pool, adopt mechanical aeration oxygenation, in water body, dissolved oxygen increases,In aerobic biochemical pool, have a large amount of aerobic microbiologicals, the in the situation that of dissolved oxygen abundance, aerobic microbiological is with water body simultaneouslyMiddle organic pollution is food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thereby removes organic dirt in water bodyDye thing and ammonia nitrogen, eliminate water body black smelly. Because dissolved oxygen concentration is too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration is too high raw to Fish SurvivalLength can be brought adverse effect, and therefore aerobic biochemical pool is also that follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is normalGood condition has been created in operation.
2) along with Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration increase, Organic Pollution substrate concentration reduce, the pH value of network of waterways water body byThe height that edges up, algae and zooplankter concentration can obviously rise, and from upstream, the network of waterways toward downstream its algae and water and floatingThe substrate concentration that moves about constantly increases; Filter-feeding fish is taking algae and zooplankter as food, and current are through too high cultivation densityAfter filter-feeding fish culturing pool, Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankter concentration reduce, water transparency acquisition lifting,Nitrogen P elements is transferred in fish body, by the salvaging of fish is removed in water body in nitrogen P elements the most at last. Water bodyMiddle algae and zooplankter concentration reduction level can be as required by regulating the algae of filter-feeding fish and swimmingThe control of animal intake.
3) network of waterways Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankter concentration controlling value are not more low better. Due to Water phosphorusPollutant can be absorbed by algae by algae proliferation, therefore keeps appropriate algae concentration, contributes in water bodyThe removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants; Zooplankter is taking algae as food, and self is ingested by filter-feeding fish again, therefore keepsAppropriate zooplankter concentration contributes to nitrogen phosphorus to shift to fish body. Basis of the concrete concentration value of algae and zooplankterDifferent ecological is repaired target and is determined. In the situation that water transparency is had relatively high expectations, river course algae concentration valueSelect lower; When Water phosphorus reduction is had relatively high expectations, river course algae concentration value is selected higher.
4) the algae intake control of filter-feeding fish can realize in the following manner:
(1) quantity of control filter-feeding fish;
(2) discharge of control unit filter-feeding fish.
5), after water body circulates, the rubbish in water and oil slick can, with current direction downstream flow, be supported at heightGrow taked slagging-off and oil removal measure one side high-efficiency cleaning before the density filter-feeding fish culturing pool water surface, the opposing partyFace ensures that high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool efficiently moves.
6), after water body circulates, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, levels water body oxygen exchange interactionStrengthen, contribute to river course bottom contaminant degradation and removal, be also to maintain high cultivation density filter-feeding fish simultaneouslyThe important sources of the dissolved oxygen of the efficient operation of culturing pool. Owing to having taked slagging-off and oil removal measure, this effect obtainsFurther strengthen.
For the water ecology repairing effect in strengthening branch channel, the network of waterways, the present invention is further in branch channel settingFlow control apparatus for water (for example sluice). Flow control apparatus for water cooperatively interacts, and makes as far as possible every Zhi Hedao Central PlainsThere is river thoroughly to be replaced by the water outlet of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool.
In the time that network of waterways upland water water quality is poor, the in the situation that of conditions permit, the present invention recommends one to optimizeSolution, before the entrance of the network of waterways, increase bypass runner be set, and corresponding water is set on bypass runnerFlow control device. This scheme can guarantee that the pollution of upstream, the network of waterways drops to the harmful effect of network of waterways Effect of Ecological RestorationLow.
When river course, the network of waterways is long, garbage on water and (or) greasy dirt output is when higher, the present invention is except close in height cultivationBefore degree filter-feeding fish culturing pool, take outside slagging-off and oil removal measure, can further in the network of waterways, take slagging-off with(or) oil removing measure, to reduce as far as possible the area coverage of network of waterways garbage on water and (or) greasy dirt, thereby increaseStrong network of waterways water ecology repairing effect.
In the time that network of waterways water quality is had relatively high expectations, the present invention further throws in zoobenthos in the network of waterways, to decomposeThe excreta of fish, prevents due to the accumulation of fish excreta in the network of waterways and to network of waterways Effect of Ecological RestorationHarmful effect.
In the time that the algae concentration that requires in the water body of the network of waterways to control is higher, foster for ensureing high cultivation density filter-feeding fishGrow the dissolved oxygen concentration at night in pond, the system that maintains is normally moved, the present invention is further at high cultivation density filter foodProperty is taked aeration measure in fish culture pond, when dissolved oxygen concentration is lower in pond, pool inner water body is carried out to oxygenation.Take after aeration measure, also can be because equipment fault can not be carried out water body circulation time in the network of waterways, or according to realityNeed to temporarily stop water body circulation time in the network of waterways, ensure the dissolved oxygen in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing poolConcentration.
For improving the disposal ability of aerobic biochemical pool unit volume and improving the operation stability of aerobic biochemical pool,The present invention is further designed to biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed by this pond.
For strengthening the removal effect of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool to Suspended Matter in Water, the present invention entersOne step is designed to have sedimentation basin feature by this pond, and takes corresponding sludge removal and Disposal Measures, can be continuousOr regularly settled sludge in pond is processed.
For reducing high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool floor space, save land used cost, the present invention enters oneStep is designed to swimmer's pool by this pond in the situation that local condition is suitable. High cultivation density is mainly with respect to natureThe extensive cultivation density of water body, the former is the latter more than 5 times, i.e. high cultivation density filter-feeding in the present inventionThe maximum fish loading amount in fish culture pond should be more than 750kg/ mu; Filter-feeding fish is mainly silver carp and flathead.
As preferably, flow control apparatus for water is selected gate or the rubber dam etc. of bottom-open type, to facilitate network of waterways flood passage rowWaterlogging and ship are current.
Although the present invention emphasizes it itself is a kind of network of waterways " globality " ecological reestablishment, does not hinder this skillThe application of art in the regional area restoration of the ecosystem of the network of waterways, only shows that this technology repaiies in " globality " ecology of the network of waterwaysIn multiple, there is larger advantage.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme provided by the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment mono-
The present embodiment is the most basic embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is shown in by its schematic diagram. The present embodiment comprise following inHold: deslagging device 1, oil-isolating device 2, aerobic biochemical pool 3, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4, waterPosition lifting device 5, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways 61, branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, rear end, network of waterways trunkRiver course 65, backflow runner 66. Wherein network of waterways front end trunk river course 61, branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, riverNet trunk river course, rear end 65Shu network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem object; Backflow runner 66 can be newly-built or original river course, box culvertDeng, therefore can list restoration of the ecosystem measure in, also can list restoration of the ecosystem object in.
The present embodiment is to realize in the following manner the restoration of the ecosystem of black smelly type plain river network:
1, water level promoting device 5 is by backflow runner 66, aerobic biochemical pool 3, high cultivation density filter-feeding fishNetwork of waterways end water body is promoted to network of waterways front end by culturing pool 4, produced the water body circular flow within the scope of restoration of the ecosystemMoving.
2, the network of waterways end water that contains rubbish, oil slick that organic pollution, algae and zooplankter concentration are higherBody enters aerobic biochemical pool 3 after removing rubbish and oil slick through deslagging device 1, oil-isolating device 2. This slagging-off andOil removal measure on the one hand high-efficiency cleaning the water surface, ensure on the other hand aerobic biochemical pool 3 and high cultivation density filter foodProperty fish culture pond 4 is efficiently moved.
3, in the interior employing mechanical aeration of aerobic biochemical pool 3 oxygenation, in water body, dissolved oxygen increases, simultaneously aerobic biochemicalIn pond, 3 have a large amount of aerobic microbiologicals, the in the situation that of dissolved oxygen abundance aerobic microbiological with water body in organic contaminationThing is food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thereby removes Organic Pollutants In Water and ammonia nitrogen,Eliminate water body black smelly. It is unfavorable to bring Fish Survival growth because the too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration of dissolved oxygen concentration is too highImpact, therefore aerobic biochemical pool 3 also normally moves and has created for follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing poolGood condition.
4, in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4, the algae in water body and zooplankter are by filter-feedingFish are as the digested decomposition of food, absorption, and Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankter concentration reduce, and water outlet is through water levelAfter lifting device 5 promotes, enter front end trunk river course, the network of waterways 61 by backflow runner 66. High cultivation density filter foodProperty fish culture pond 4 water outlet algae and zooplankter concentration can be repaired target according to different ecological and be determined. As rightIn the situation that water transparency is had relatively high expectations, river course algae and zooplankter concentration value are selected lower; As to water bodyWhen middle nitrogen phosphorus reduction is had relatively high expectations, river course algae and zooplankter concentration value are selected higher.
5, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 water outlet algae concentration reduce level and can pass through to regulate filter-feedingThe algae of fish and the control of zooplankter intake. The algae of filter-feeding fish and the control of zooplankter intake canRealize in the following manner:
(1) quantity of control filter-feeding fish;
(2) discharge of control unit filter-feeding fish.
6, after mixing with network of waterways upland water, mixed flow flow through successively front end trunk river course, the network of waterways 61, the network of waterwaysBranch channel 62,63,64, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways 65. In the network of waterways, mixed flow is by original on the one handThe higher river that contains rubbish, oil slick of organic pollution, algae and zooplankter concentration is gradually to network of waterways endDrive, make that network of waterways organic pollutants in water body, algae and zooplankter concentration reduce, in water rubbish, oil slick by clearRemove; Network of waterways water body still can maintain certain density algae and carries out photosynthesis and absorb in water body on the other handThe rich nutritive materials such as nitrogen phosphorus, maintain simultaneously certain density zooplankter accelerate nitrogen P elements from algae to fish bodyInterior transfer, deep purifying water body.
6,, after water body circulates, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, levels water body oxygen exchange interactionStrengthen, contribute to organic pollutant degradation and removal in river course, be also to maintain aerobic biochemical pool 3 and high supporting simultaneouslyGrow the important sources of the dissolved oxygen of density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 efficient operations. Due to taked slagging-off and everyOil measure, has cleaned the water surface, has increased the contact area of water body and air, and this effect is further enhanced.
7, enter downstream, the network of waterways at network of waterways end part water, another part water continues to circulate in the network of waterways.
8, in the network of waterways the large I of circulating water flow according to the network of waterways upland water water yield, water quality, according to edge, the network of waterwaysBank enters river contaminant capacity size, determines according to network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem target etc.
9, as preferred, water level promoting device 5 adopts the water pump meeting design requirement.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, in branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64On be respectively arranged with branch channel, network of waterways volume control device 72,73,74. By to branch channel, network of waterways flowThe control of control device 72,73,74, can realize and make as much as possible original river in every Zhi Hedao be supported by highGrowing 3 water outlets of density filter-feeding fish culturing pool thoroughly replaces. For example, by branch channel, network of waterways volume control device72,73 close branch channel, the network of waterways 72,73 current, open river by branch channel, network of waterways volume control device 74Net branch channel 64 current, in branch channel, the network of waterways 64, water velocity increases, and in this river course, rubbish, oil slick etc. existUnder high flow velocities, easily thoroughly washed away away fast, original river is also easily thoroughly replaced fast under high flow velocitiesGo out. Reach and thoroughly wash away or replace after requirement at a branch channel, then wash away successively or replace nextBar tributary.
Embodiment tri-
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, before the entrance of the network of waterways, increases bypass is setRunner 67, upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device 71, and corresponding bypass runner is set on bypass runner 67Volume control device 77. By to upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device 71 and bypass runner volume control device77, control the amount that network of waterways upper water enters the network of waterways. For example, in the time that upstream water quality is better, suitably strengthen into the network of waterwaysThe water yield; Otherwise, suitably reduce the water yield into the network of waterways. Even if it should be noted that upstream water quality is better, addThe upstream water yield that enters greatly the network of waterways can be taken more pollutant out of the network of waterways, and larger pollution is caused in downstream, the network of waterways;And in the time that upstream water quality is poor, very few enter the network of waterways water yield and can cause in the network of waterways the serious or water level of inorganic salts accumulationDecline, destroy water body habitat, the network of waterways. Therefore upper water enter the network of waterways water yield also should according to the local hydrology, water conservancy,The conditions such as matter, weather, river pollution situation and network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem target are optimized design.
Embodiment tetra-
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, in branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64End all increases deslagging device 1 and oil-isolating device 2, reduces rubbish and oil slick amount in trunk river course 65, rear end, the network of waterways,Reduce the area coverage of network of waterways garbage on water and greasy dirt, strengthened network of waterways water ecology repairing effect. This enforcementExample is particularly useful for working as river course, the network of waterways, and length, rubbish and greasy dirt enter the larger situation of river amount.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 5, in order to prevent because aerobic biochemical excess sludge and fish excreta are in the network of waterwaysAccumulation and harmful effect to network of waterways Effect of Ecological Restoration, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, increasesIn the network of waterways, throw in zoobenthos 8, to decompose aerobic biochemical excess sludge and the excreta of fish, as preferably,Zoobenthos 8 is mainly selected spiral shell and freshwater mussel.
Embodiment six
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, increases high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 aerationsMeasure, carries out oxygenation to pool inner water body when dissolved oxygen concentration is lower in pond. The present embodiment is applicable to when network of waterways waterWhen in body, the algae concentration of requirement control is higher, for ensureing night in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4Dissolved oxygen concentration, the system that maintains normally move; Also be applicable to because equipment fault can not be carried out water body in the network of waterwaysCirculation time, or temporarily stop according to actual needs water body circulation time in the network of waterways, ensure high cultivation density filter-feeder fishDissolved oxygen concentration in class culturing pool 4.
Embodiment seven
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 is designed toThere is sedimentation basin feature, and take corresponding sludge removal and Disposal Measures, can be continuous or periodic to depositing in pondMud is processed, the removal effect of strengthening to Suspended Matter in Water.
Embodiment eight
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment mono-, in the situation that local condition is suitable, high cultivation density is filteredFeeding fish culturing pool 4 is designed to deep water type, reduces high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool floor space,Save land used cost. The general design head of the high cultivation density filter-feeding fish of deep water type culturing pool 4 is 3～6m.
Except above embodiment, the present invention can also be according to concrete actual demand, to above-mentioned technical characterstic or technologyFeature combines accordingly, forms and is adapted to different black smelly type plain river networks, and carry out overall restoration of the ecosystem.
Claims (10)
1. a black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system, is characterized in that: described black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Described network of waterways upstream connects by front end trunk river course, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and catchment, the network of waterways successively; The direction of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream between catchment, the described network of waterways and network of waterways upstream is along the river provided with backflow runner; Described deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device are successively set on backflow runner; Water in catchment, the network of waterways is promoted afterwards by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool described water level promoting device successively and the water of network of waterways upstream injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways jointly.
2. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system also comprises the bypass runner being arranged between network of waterways upstream and catchment, the network of waterways; On described bypass runner, be provided with bypass runner volume control device; The described network of waterways is provided with upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device on front end trunk river course; Described network of waterways upstream connects by bypass runner volume control device and bypass runner and catchment, the network of waterways; Water in the upstream of the described network of waterways injects front end trunk river course, the network of waterways with water level promoting device by the water in catchment, the network of waterways after by upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device in the lump.
3. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system also comprises branch channel, the network of waterways volume control device being separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways.
4. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system also comprises and being separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and along the second deslagging device and second oil-isolating device of water (flow) direction.
5. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in front end trunk river course, the described network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and backflow runner, cultivation has zoobenthos.
6. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool or the high cultivation density filter-feeding fish of the deep water type culturing pool with sedimentation basin feature.
7. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described aerobic biochemical pool is biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed.
8. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in described high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, be provided with aerator.
9. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described bypass runner volume control device, upstream, network of waterways flow of inlet water control device and branch channel, network of waterways volume control device are all gate or rubber dam.
10. black smelly type plain river network entirety Ecosystem restoration system according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described gate is bottom-open type gate.
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| CN105369776B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-11-03 | 廖运太 | Retaining slag removing system and the application method of the system for river ecological fish culture |
| CN107460847B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-03-05 | 南通大学 | Reduce soil erosion, suitable for the method for river network in plain areas water and soil conservation |
| CN112266123A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-26 | 连云港万泰装饰新材料有限公司 | Black odorous water treatment method |
| CN113371944A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-10 | 广西壮族自治区自然资源生态修复中心 | Treatment method for high-density river channel development in villages |
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Address after: Room 09, 22nd Floor, Building A, Wuhan Optics Valley International Chamber of Commerce, No. 2-2 Guandongyuan Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071 Patentee after: Wuhan Zhongke Aquatic Ecological Environment Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 09, 22nd Floor, Building A, Wuhan Optics Valley International Chamber of Commerce, No. 2-2 Guandongyuan Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071 Patentee before: WUHAN ZHONGKE HYDRBIOLOGY ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. |