CN104591506A - Black and odorous plain river network overall ecological restoration system - Google Patents
Black and odorous plain river network overall ecological restoration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104591506A CN104591506A CN201510051784.5A CN201510051784A CN104591506A CN 104591506 A CN104591506 A CN 104591506A CN 201510051784 A CN201510051784 A CN 201510051784A CN 104591506 A CN104591506 A CN 104591506A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a black and odorous plain river network overall ecological restoration system which comprises a river network upstream area, a river network downstream area, a river network front-end trunk river channel, a river network rear-end trunk river channel, a river network branch river channel, a return flow channel, a residue removal device, an oil removal device, an aerobic biochemical pool, a high-breeding-density filter-feeding fish culture pond and a water level raising device, wherein the river network upstream area sequentially penetrates through the river network downstream area by virtue of the river network front-end trunk river channel, the river network branch river channel and the river network rear-end trunk river channel; the return flow channel is formed between the river network downstream area and the river network upstream area; and according to the water level raising device, water in the river network downstream area is raised by virtue of the residue removal device, the oil removal device, the aerobic biochemical pool and the high-breeding-density filter-feeding fish culture pond sequentially and is injected into the river network front-end trunk river channel with water in the river network upstream area. The system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the system is convenient to mount and maintain and low in cost, the capacity of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is high, the river network water surface area is not occupied basically, and flood prevention and draining waterlogging of the river network are not hindered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ecological Recovery of Water field, relate to the overall Ecosystem restoration system of a kind of black smelly type plain river network.
Background technology
Plain river network is one of main Types of the network of waterways, cities and towns.Be characterized in upstream, the network of waterways and level of tail water drop is less, flow velocity is slow, water body self-purification ability is low, cities and towns are polluted into river amount large in addition, cause the black smelly phenomenon of plain river network serious, town dweller's quality of life is badly damaged.
For solving the black smelly problem of plain river network, the measure mainly taked at present is as follows:
1) strengthen a section dirty dynamics, reduce into river contamination level; 2) draw dirt removal clearly, accelerate pollution of river thing and shift to downstream; 3) in river course, adopt original position Treatment process, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration, suppress black smelly phenomenon to occur.
Wherein, take to cut after dirty measure when pollute comparatively concentrate into river River-Net Water Quality promote comparatively obvious.But what practical situation were more at present is pollute row's mouth into river to disperse, and rain dirty mixed flow row mouth is more, cuts dirt costly further, is difficult to reduce further into river contamination level, thus be difficult to solve the current black smelly problem of plain river network.
The effect of drawing dirt removal clearly is also got instant result.But more come for rare water resources, the cost making to draw dirt removal clearly improves constantly, to such an extent as to draw dirt removal clearly and cannot implement in a lot of area, the engineering frequency of utilization implemented constantly declines.Moreover, drawing dirt removal is clearly only by pollution to downstream transfer, and reduction contamination level not yet in effect, therefore the environmental-protecting performance of the method is poor.
Original position Treatment process for eliminating black and odorous water has setting to make stream aerator, arranges artificial aquatic weed, throws in microbiobacterial agent, throws in the various ways such as oxygenation agent.But arrange and make stream aerator and can take the network of waterways water surface, a large amount of use can damage River Landscape, and due to network of waterways region area large, therefore equipment installation and maintenance labour intensity also large, install and protect costly; Arrange artificial aquatic weed and can take network of waterways flow section, a large amount of use can hinder network of waterways flood control fishing; Throw in microbiobacterial agent, input oxygenation agent all can only maintain more fugitive fruit, and each cost of use is higher.Moreover, these original position Treatment process are better to Organic Pollutants In Water removal effect, but comparatively limited to the nitrogen phosphorus ligands effect in water body; Meanwhile, original position Treatment process itself does not have rubbish and oil slick clearing function in water, and when adopting original position Treatment process, garbage on water can only adopt manually at present or service module is salvaged along the river, and salvage labour intensity large, water oil stain cannot be removed substantially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency mentioned in above method, so provide a kind of convenient for installation and maintenance, installation and maintenance expense is low, the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network that the reduction ability of Water phosphorus by force, is not substantially taken to network of waterways water surface area and do not hinder the network of waterways to control flood and drain flooded fields.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The overall Ecosystem restoration system of a kind of black smelly type plain river network, is characterized in that: the overall Ecosystem restoration system of described black smelly type plain river network comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Described network of waterways upstream is connected by trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and catchment, the network of waterways successively; The direction of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream between catchment, the described network of waterways and network of waterways upstream is along the river provided with backflow runner; Described deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device are successively set on backflow runner; Water in catchment, the network of waterways is undertaken promoting water that is rear and network of waterways upstream by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and jointly injects trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways by described water level promoting device successively.
As preferably, the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention also comprises the bypass runner be arranged between network of waterways upstream and catchment, the network of waterways; Described bypass runner is provided with bypass runner flow rate control device; Trunk river course is provided with upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device to front end, the described network of waterways; Described network of waterways upstream is connected by bypass runner flow rate control device and bypass runner and catchment, the network of waterways; Water in the upstream of the described network of waterways is by injecting trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways with water level promoting device in the lump by the water in catchment, the network of waterways after the flooding velocity control device of upstream, the network of waterways.
As preferably, the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention also comprises branch channel, the network of waterways flow rate control device be separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways.
As preferably, the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention also comprises and to be separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and along the second deslagging device of water (flow) direction and the second oil-isolating device.
As preferably, cultivate in trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways of the present invention, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and backflow runner and have zoobenthos.
As preferably, aerobic biochemical pool of the present invention is biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed.
As preferably, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool of the present invention is high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool or the deep water type height cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool with settling tank feature.
As preferably, in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool of the present invention, be provided with aerating apparatus.
As preferably, bypass runner flow rate control device of the present invention, upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device and branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device are all gate or rubber dam.
As preferably, gate of the present invention is bottom-open type gate.
The present invention comparatively prior art compares, and has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
The overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention carries out water level promoting between network of waterways water level lower-most point (catchment, the network of waterways) and vertex (network of waterways upstream), to produce the water circulation flowing within the scope of restoration of the ecosystem; Adopt aerobic biochemical pool degraded organic pollutants in water flow process between the water level lower-most point to vertex of the network of waterways, reduce ammonia nitrogen concentration, increase dissolved oxygen concentration; High cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is adopted to reduce Measures of Algae in Water Body concentration; Before current enter aerobic biochemical pool, deslagging device and oil-isolating device is adopted to remove rubbish and oil slick in water respectively.Mechanical aeration oxygenation is adopted in aerobic biochemical pool, in water body, dissolved oxygen increases, there is a large amount of aerobic microbiological in aerobic biochemical pool simultaneously, when dissolved oxygen abundance, aerobic microbiological take Organic Pollutants In Water as food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thus remove Organic Pollutants In Water and ammonia nitrogen, eliminate black and odorous water.Can bring disadvantageous effect because dissolved oxygen concentration is too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration is too high to Fish Survival growth, therefore aerobic biochemical pool also creates good condition for follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool normally runs.Filter-feeding fish with algae and zooplankton for food, current are after too high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration reduce, water transparency obtain promote, nitrogen phosphoric transfers in fish body, by removing in water body in the salvaging of fish the most at last nitrogen phosphoric.Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration are reduced level and can be controlled by the algae and zooplankton intake that regulate filter-feeding fish as required.After water circulation flows, rubbish in water and oil slick can with current direction downstream flow, before aerobic biochemical pool, take slagging-off and the oil removal measure one side high-efficiency cleaning water surface, ensure aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool Effec-tive Function on the other hand.After water circulation flows, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, levels water body oxygen exchange interaction strengthens, contribute to bottom of river channel contaminant degradation and removal, also be the important sources of the dissolved oxygen maintaining aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool Effec-tive Function simultaneously, owing to taking slagging-off and oil removal measure, this effect is further enhanced.Black smelly type water body working cost mainly water oxygenation expense, native system is by measures such as water circulation flowing, slagging-off and oil removals, a great deal of aeration mechanical enhancement is instead of with waterbody circular oxygenation, and for plain river network, because between top water-level and lowest water level, waterhead is little, produce the power charge of water circulation limited, therefore working cost comparatively prior art have larger saving.Be arranged on a region in native system facility baseset, therefore convenient for installation and maintenance, installation and maintenance expense is lower.Therefore, generally, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, convenient for installation and maintenance, installation and maintenance expense is lower; If 2 reach identical black smelly type plain river network water ecology repairing effect, working cost significantly reduces; 3, effectively can not only reduce black smelly type plain river network organic pollutants in water body concentration, improve Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration, eliminate black smelly, also can effectively cut down Water phosphorus content simultaneously, realize water depth purification; 4, substantially network of waterways water surface area is not taken; 5, the network of waterways is not hindered to control flood and drain flooded fields; 6, considerably reduce garbage on water and salvage labour intensity; 7, realize regularly removing water oil stain comprehensively; 8, pollution-free transfer, the feature of environmental protection is good; 9, significantly prolongation network of waterways desilting is thin completes the cycle; Good compatibility is had between 10 and other water ecology recovery techniques.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the first embodiment of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the second embodiment of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the 3rd embodiment of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the 4th embodiment of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of the 5th embodiment of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention;
Wherein, the name corresponding to the Reference numeral in accompanying drawing is called:
1-deslagging device; 2-oil-isolating device; 3-aerobic biochemical pool; 4-height cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool; 5-water level promoting device; Trunk river course, front end, the 61-network of waterways; 62,63, branch channel, the 64-network of waterways; Trunk river course, rear end, the 65-network of waterways; 66-refluxes runner; 67-bypass runner; Upstream, 71-network of waterways flooding velocity control device; 72,73, branch channel, 74-network of waterways flow rate control device; 77-bypass runner flow rate control device; 8-zoobenthos.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, the invention provides the overall Ecosystem restoration system of a kind of black smelly type plain river network, the overall Ecosystem restoration system of this black smelly type plain river network comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Network of waterways upstream is connected by trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and catchment, the network of waterways successively; The direction of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream between catchment, the network of waterways and network of waterways upstream is along the river provided with backflow runner; Deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device are successively set on backflow runner; Water in catchment, the network of waterways is undertaken promoting water that is rear and network of waterways upstream by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and jointly injects trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways by water level promoting device successively.
Principle of work of the present invention is: between network of waterways water level lower-most point (catchment, the network of waterways) and vertex (network of waterways upstream), carry out water level promoting, to produce the water circulation flowing within the scope of restoration of the ecosystem; Adopt aerobic biochemical pool degraded organic pollutants in water flow process between the water level lower-most point to vertex of the network of waterways, reduce ammonia nitrogen concentration, increase dissolved oxygen concentration; High cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is adopted to reduce Measures of Algae in Water Body concentration; Before current enter high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, deslagging device and oil-isolating device is adopted to remove rubbish and oil slick in water respectively.
The specific works mode of the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network provided by the present invention is:
1) for black smelly type plain river network, from upstream, the network of waterways toward downstream, its organic pollutants in water body concentration constantly increases, dissolved oxygen concentration constantly declines, and reaches maximum, dissolved oxygen concentration then drop to minimum to organic pollutant concentration during aerobic biochemical pool entrance; Mechanical aeration oxygenation is adopted in aerobic biochemical pool, in water body, dissolved oxygen increases, there is a large amount of aerobic microbiological in aerobic biochemical pool simultaneously, when dissolved oxygen abundance, aerobic microbiological take Organic Pollutants In Water as food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thus remove Organic Pollutants In Water and ammonia nitrogen, eliminate black and odorous water.Can bring disadvantageous effect because dissolved oxygen concentration is too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration is too high to Fish Survival growth, therefore aerobic biochemical pool also creates good condition for follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool normally runs.
2) along with the increase of Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration, Organic pollutants substrate concentration reduce, the pH value of network of waterways water body raises gradually, and algae and zooplankton concentration can obviously rise, and its algae and water and zooplankton concentration constantly increase from upstream, the network of waterways toward downstream; Filter-feeding fish with algae and zooplankton for food, current are after too high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration reduce, water transparency obtain promote, nitrogen phosphoric transfers in fish body, by removing in water body in the salvaging of fish the most at last nitrogen phosphoric.Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration are reduced level and can be controlled by the algae and zooplankton intake that regulate filter-feeding fish as required.
3) network of waterways Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration controlling valu are not more low better.Because Water phosphor contaminant is absorbed by algae by algae proliferation, therefore keep appropriate algae concentration, contribute to the removal of Water phosphor contaminant; Zooplankton take algae as food, and self is ingested by filter-feeding fish again, therefore keeps appropriate zooplankton concentration to contribute to nitrogen phosphorus and shifts to fish body.Algae and the concrete concentration value of zooplankton are then repaired target according to different ecological and determine.When as required higher to water transparency, river course algae concentration value is selected lower; During as required higher to Water phosphorus reduction, river course algae concentration value is selected higher.
4) the algae intake of filter-feeding fish controls by realizing with under type:
(1) quantity of filter-feeding fish is controlled;
(2) discharge of unit filter-feeding fish is controlled.
5) after water circulation flows, rubbish in water and oil slick can with current direction downstream flow, before high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, take slagging-off and the oil removal measure one side high-efficiency cleaning water surface, ensure high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool Effec-tive Function on the other hand.
6) after water circulation flows, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, levels water body oxygen exchange interaction strengthens, and contributes to bottom of river channel contaminant degradation and removal, is also the important sources of the dissolved oxygen maintaining high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool Effec-tive Function simultaneously.Owing to taking slagging-off and oil removal measure, this effect is further enhanced.
For the water ecology repairing effect in strengthening branch channel, the network of waterways, the present invention arranges flow control apparatus for water (such as sluice) further in branch channel.Flow control apparatus for water cooperatively interacts, and makes original river in every bar Zhi Hedao thoroughly can be replaced by the water outlet of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool as far as possible.
When network of waterways upland water water quality is poor, when conditions permit, the present invention recommends a kind of solution comparatively optimized, and namely increases before the entrance of the network of waterways and arranges bypass runner, and arrange corresponding flow control apparatus for water on bypass runner.The program can be guaranteed that upstream, the network of waterways is polluted and drop to minimum to the detrimentally affect of network of waterways Effect of Ecological Restoration.
When river course, the network of waterways is longer, garbage on water and (or) greasy dirt output higher time, the present invention except take before high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool slagging-off and oil removal measure except, slagging-off and (or) oil removing measure can be taked further in the network of waterways, to reduce the area coverage of network of waterways garbage on water and (or) greasy dirt as far as possible, thus strengthen network of waterways water ecology repairing effect.
When network of waterways water quality requires higher, the present invention throws in zoobenthos further in the network of waterways, to decompose the movement of fish, prevents the detrimentally affect to network of waterways Effect of Ecological Restoration due to the accumulation of fish movement in the network of waterways.
When the algae concentration requiring in the water body of the network of waterways to control is higher, for ensureing that dissolved oxygen concentration, the maintenance system at night in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool are normally run, the present invention takes aeration measure further in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool, carries out oxygenation when dissolved oxygen concentration is lower in pond to pool inner water body.After taking aeration measure, also can when water circulation in the network of waterways can not be carried out due to equipment failure, or when temporarily stopping water circulation in the network of waterways according to actual needs, ensure the dissolved oxygen concentration in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool.
For improving the processing power of aerobic biochemical pool unit volume and improving the operation stability of aerobic biochemical pool, this pond is designed to biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed by the present invention further.
For strengthening high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool to the removal effect of Suspended Matter in Water, this pond is designed to have settling tank feature by the present invention further, and take corresponding sludge removal and Disposal Measures, can continuous or periodic settled sludge in pond be processed.
For reducing high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool floor space, save land used cost, this pond is designed to swimmer's pool when local condition is suitable by the present invention further.High cultivation density is mainly for the extensive cultivation density of natural water, and the former is more than 5 times of the latter, and namely in the present invention, the maximum fish loading amount of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool should more than 750kg/ mu; Filter-feeding fish is mainly silver carp and flathead.
As preferably, flow control apparatus for water selects the gate of bottom-open type or rubber dam etc., with facilitate network of waterways flood passage water drainage and ship current.
Although the present invention emphasizes it itself is a kind of network of waterways " globality " ecological reestablishment, do not hinder the application of this technology in the regional area restoration of the ecosystem of the network of waterways, only show that this technology has larger advantage in " globality " restoration of the ecosystem of the network of waterways.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme provided by the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is the most basic embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is shown in by its schematic diagram.The present embodiment comprises following content: deslagging device 1, oil-isolating device 2, aerobic biochemical pool 3, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4, water level promoting device 5, trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways 61, branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways 65, backflow runner 66.Wherein front end, network of waterways trunk river course 61, branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways 65 belongs to network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem object; Backflow runner 66 can be newly-built or original river course, box culvert etc., therefore can list restoration of the ecosystem measure in, also can list restoration of the ecosystem object in.
The present embodiment realizes the restoration of the ecosystem of black smelly type plain river network in the following manner:
1, network of waterways end water body is promoted to front end, the network of waterways by backflow runner 66, aerobic biochemical pool 3, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 by water level promoting device 5, creates the water circulation flowing within the scope of restoration of the ecosystem.
2, the network of waterways end water body containing rubbish, oil slick that organic pollutant, algae and zooplankton concentration are higher enters aerobic biochemical pool 3 through deslagging device 1, oil-isolating device 2 after removing rubbish and oil slick.This slagging-off and oil removal measure be the high-efficiency cleaning water surface on the one hand, ensures aerobic biochemical pool 3 and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 Effec-tive Function on the other hand.
3, in aerobic biochemical pool 3, mechanical aeration oxygenation is adopted, in water body, dissolved oxygen increases, simultaneously 3 there is a large amount of aerobic microbiological in aerobic biochemical pool, when dissolved oxygen abundance, aerobic microbiological take Organic Pollutants In Water as food, and ammonia can be converted into nitrate or nitrite, thus remove Organic Pollutants In Water and ammonia nitrogen, eliminate black and odorous water.Can bring disadvantageous effect because dissolved oxygen concentration is too low and ammonia nitrogen concentration is too high to Fish Survival growth, therefore aerobic biochemical pool 3 also creates good condition for follow-up high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool normally runs.
4, in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4, algae in water body and zooplankton by filter-feeding fish as the digested decomposition of food, absorption, Measures of Algae in Water Body and zooplankton concentration reduce, water outlet, after water level promoting device 5 promotes, enters trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways 61 by backflow runner 66.High cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 water outlet algae and zooplankton concentration can be repaired target according to different ecological and determine.When as required higher to water transparency, river course algae and zooplankton concentration value are selected lower; During as required higher to Water phosphorus reduction, river course algae and zooplankton concentration value are selected higher.
5, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 water outlet algae concentration reduces level by regulating algae and the control of zooplankton intake of filter-feeding fish.The algae of filter-feeding fish and zooplankton intake control by realizing with under type:
(1) quantity of filter-feeding fish is controlled;
(2) discharge of unit filter-feeding fish is controlled.
6, after mixing with network of waterways upland water, mixed flow flow through successively trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways 61, branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways 65.In the network of waterways, on the one hand the river containing rubbish, oil slick higher to original organic pollutant, algae and zooplankton concentration is driven to network of waterways end by mixed flow gradually, makes that network of waterways organic pollutants in water body, algae and zooplankton concentration reduce, rubbish, oil slick are eliminated in water; Another aspect network of waterways water body still can maintain certain density algae and carry out the rich nutritive materials such as the nitrogen phosphorus in photosynthesis absorption water body, maintains certain density zooplankton simultaneously and accelerates nitrogen phosphoric to the transfer in fish body from algae, deep purifying water body.
6, after water circulation flows, network of waterways water reoxygenation ability increases, levels water body oxygen exchange interaction strengthens, contribute to organic pollutant degradation and removal in river course, be also the important sources of the dissolved oxygen maintaining aerobic biochemical pool 3 and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 Effec-tive Function simultaneously.Owing to taking slagging-off and oil removal measure, cleaning of the water surface, add the contact area of water body and air, this effect is further enhanced.
7, enter downstream, the network of waterways at network of waterways end part water, another part water then continues at network of waterways internal recycle.
8, the large I of network of waterways internal recycle discharge is according to the network of waterways upland water water yield, water quality, enters river contamination level size according to network of waterways bank, determines according to network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem target etc.
9, as preferred, water level promoting device 5 adopts the water pump met design requirement.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, and branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64 is respectively arranged with branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device 72,73,74.By the control to branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device 72,73,74, can realize making original river in every bar Zhi Hedao thoroughly can be replaced by the water outlet of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 3 as much as possible.Such as close branch channel, the network of waterways 72,73 current by branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device 72,73, branch channel, the network of waterways 64 current are opened by branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device 74, in branch channel, the network of waterways 64, flow velocity increases, in this river course, rubbish, oil slick etc. are easily thoroughly washed away away fast under high flow velocities, and original river is also easily thoroughly replaced away fast under high flow velocities.After a branch channel reaches and thoroughly washes away or replace and require, then wash away successively or replace next tributary.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, increases and arranges bypass runner 67, upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device 71, and on bypass runner 67, arrange corresponding bypass runner flow rate control device 77 before the entrance of the network of waterways.By to upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device 71 and bypass runner flow rate control device 77, control the amount that network of waterways upper water enters the network of waterways.Such as when upstream water quality is better, suitably strengthen the water yield into the network of waterways; Otherwise, then the water yield into the network of waterways is suitably reduced.Even if it should be noted that upstream water quality is better, strengthen the upstream water yield entering the network of waterways and can take more pollutent out of the network of waterways, larger pollution is caused to downstream, the network of waterways; And when upstream water quality is poor, very few enter the network of waterways water yield and can cause the serious or water level decreasing of inorganic salts accumulation in the network of waterways, destroy water body habitat, the network of waterways.Therefore upper water enters the network of waterways water yield and also should be optimized design according to conditions such as the local hydrology, water conservancy, geology, weather, river pollution situation and network of waterways restoration of the ecosystem targets.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, in branch channel, the network of waterways 62,63,64, end all increases deslagging device 1 and oil-isolating device 2, reduce rubbish and oil slick amount in trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways 65, decrease the area coverage of network of waterways garbage on water and greasy dirt, enhance network of waterways water ecology repairing effect.The present embodiment is particularly useful for when longer, the rubbish in river course, the network of waterways and greasy dirt enter the larger situation of river amount.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 5, in order to prevent due to aerobic biochemical excess sludge and the accumulation of fish movement in the network of waterways and the detrimentally affect to network of waterways Effect of Ecological Restoration, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, be increased in the network of waterways and throw in zoobenthos 8, to decompose aerobic biochemical excess sludge and the movement of fish, as preferably, zoobenthos 8 mainly selects spiral shell and freshwater mussel.
Embodiment six
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, increases the measure of high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 aeration, carries out oxygenation when dissolved oxygen concentration is lower in pond to pool inner water body.The present embodiment is applicable to when the algae concentration requiring in the water body of the network of waterways to control is higher, for ensureing that dissolved oxygen concentration, the maintenance system at night in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 are normally run; Also be applicable to due to equipment failure can not carry out water circulation in the network of waterways time, or when temporarily stopping water circulation in the network of waterways according to actual needs, ensure the dissolved oxygen concentration in high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4.
Embodiment seven
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 is designed to have settling tank feature, and take corresponding sludge removal and Disposal Measures, continuous or periodic settled sludge in pond can be processed, strengthen the removal effect to Suspended Matter in Water.
Embodiment eight
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment one, when local condition is suitable, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 is designed to deep water type, reduces high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool floor space, save land used cost.The general projected depth of deep water type height cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool 4 is 3 ~ 6m.
Except above embodiment, the present invention according to concrete actual demand, can also combine above-mentioned technical characterstic or technical characteristic accordingly, is formed and is adapted to different black smelly type plain river network, and carry out overall restoration of the ecosystem.
Claims (10)
1. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network, is characterized in that: the overall Ecosystem restoration system of described black smelly type plain river network comprises network of waterways upstream, catchment, the network of waterways, trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways, backflow runner, deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device; Described network of waterways upstream is connected by trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways and catchment, the network of waterways successively; The direction of netting catchment to network of waterways upstream between catchment, the described network of waterways and network of waterways upstream is along the river provided with backflow runner; Described deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool, high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and water level promoting device are successively set on backflow runner; Water in catchment, the network of waterways is undertaken promoting water that is rear and network of waterways upstream by deslagging device, oil-isolating device, aerobic biochemical pool and high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool and jointly injects trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways by described water level promoting device successively.
2. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the overall Ecosystem restoration system of described black smelly type plain river network also comprises the bypass runner be arranged between network of waterways upstream and catchment, the network of waterways; Described bypass runner is provided with bypass runner flow rate control device; Trunk river course is provided with upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device to front end, the described network of waterways; Described network of waterways upstream is connected by bypass runner flow rate control device and bypass runner and catchment, the network of waterways; Water in the upstream of the described network of waterways is by injecting trunk river course, front end, the network of waterways with water level promoting device in the lump by the water in catchment, the network of waterways after the flooding velocity control device of upstream, the network of waterways.
3. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the overall Ecosystem restoration system of described black smelly type plain river network also comprises branch channel, the network of waterways flow rate control device be separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways.
4. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the overall Ecosystem restoration system of described black smelly type plain river network also comprises and to be separately positioned on one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and along the second deslagging device of water (flow) direction and the second oil-isolating device.
5. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in trunk river course, front end, the described network of waterways, trunk river course, rear end, the network of waterways, one or more branch channel, the network of waterways and backflow runner, cultivation has zoobenthos.
6. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool is high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool or the deep water type height cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool with settling tank feature.
7. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described aerobic biochemical pool is biological contact oxidation pond or biological moving bed.
8. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 7, is characterized in that: be provided with aerating apparatus in described high cultivation density filter-feeding fish culturing pool.
9. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described bypass runner flow rate control device, upstream, network of waterways flooding velocity control device and branch channel, network of waterways flow rate control device are all gate or rubber dam.
10. the overall Ecosystem restoration system of black smelly type plain river network according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described gate is bottom-open type gate.
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