CN104585383A - Method for producing golden flower dark tea by employing rapid fermentation of raw dark tea brick - Google Patents
Method for producing golden flower dark tea by employing rapid fermentation of raw dark tea brick Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a golden flower dark tea by employing rapid fermentation of a raw dark tea brick. The method comprises the following steps: (1) sterilizing in a fermentation room, sterilizing an air-tight fertilization room with an air inlet and an air outlet; (2) sterilizing the dark tea, carrying out moist heat sterilization on a raw dark brick tea in an autoclaved sterilization pot; (3) artificially inoculating an eurotium cristatum strain and blending to prepare a strain solution, cooling the sterilized raw dark tea brick to a room temperature, and soaking in the strain solution or evenly spraying the strain solution on the surface of the tea brick; and (4) uniformly and vertically putting the inoculated tea brick on a fermentation frame of a sterilized fermentation room, fermenting for 7-21 days, taking out and carrying out reduced pressure drying, so as to obtain the golden flower dark brick tea brick. According to the method disclosed by the invention, efficient flowering of the dark tea is achieved; the cost is low; each gram of dry tea contains not more than 1.8*10<7> eurotium cristatum in average; the soup brewed by the golden flower dark tea is clear, and fragrant in aroma; the produced brick tea is stable in quality, can be stored for a long period of time, and has relatively good nutrients and relatively high collection value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing the black tea of golden flower, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower.
Background technology
Coronoid process fall apart capsule bacterium (latin name: Eurotium cristatum) belong to Aspergillus glaucus belong to, be the dominant bacteria that Fu-brick tea grows dim in process, to the formation of Fu-brick tea distinguishing character, there is very important effect.Fu-brick tea is using Dark Green Tea as raw material, through screening, decatize, macerate heap, suppress, to grow dim and the operation such as drying processes, the critical process forming its distinguishing character is " growing dim ", it is made to give out exclusive " arohid flavour ", this is having coronoid process to fall apart in the sweat of capsule bacterium participation, well by the bitter taste metabolism in tealeaves, and the distinctive aromatic odor of Fu-brick tea can be produced.The coronoid process of dominant bacteria in " growing dim " mainly in Eurotium falls apart capsule bacterium, and along with the growth and breeding of dominant bacteria, other aspergillus nigers, the growth and breeding of the moulds such as mould is suppressed.The coronoid process capsule bacterium that falls apart obtains nutriment from tealeaves, carry out own metabolism conversion, meet it to grow, produce various related substances in various ectoenzyme (polyphenol oxidase, pectase, cellulase, protease etc.) catalysis tealeaves to be oxidized, to be polymerized, to degrade, to transform simultaneously, substantially complete the Substance Transformation of the distinctive color quality of Fu-brick tea.Initial Fu-brick tea fermentation is because on Tea-horse Ancient Road, and distinctive " golden flower " the black tea formed due to the spontaneous fermentation after exposing to the sun and rain, the Changes in weather of road is then the principal element that impact " golden flower " generates.The main consumer group of Fu-brick tea is the ethnic group compatriot of the Northwest, and whether they are see to have produced " golden flower " to the quality of Fu-brick tea to a great extent.
In existing black tea fermentation prior art, the tea making of many employings fresh black tea fermenting raw materials, black tea zymotechnique disclosed in CN 102265945A and CN 103564075A is the fermentation in the first process processed of black tea, as in wet heap process, control temperature and humidity carry out the method for fermenting, but fermentation procedure is loaded down with trivial details, the time is longer; In order to pass through to add dominant bacteria Rapid Fermentation, also the method adopting the fermentation of solid black tea is had in prior art, as CN 103283882 A discloses the solid fermentation process of the black tea of a kind of golden flower, be a kind of utilize coronoid process fall apart capsule bacterium fermentation method, its method the black tea plucked is entered fermentation tank after pretreatment ferment, then gas steams, inoculation coronoid process falls apart capsule bacterium, fermentation, carry out molding and shaping again, but the method need be equipped with large fermentation tank, all higher to fermentation condition requirement, plant and equipment input and production and operation expense; CN102524442B takes the method for solid state fermentation equally, with the addition of coronoid process and fall apart capsule bacterium after steaming tea, although finally obtain the black tea of golden flower, its complex steps, because it has broken conventional fabrication processes, require higher to production capacity, applicability is not strong.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the above-mentioned defect that existing " golden flower " black tea manufacturing process exists, provides a kind of equipment investment few, easy and simple to handle, production efficiency is high, and production cost is low, the adaptable method utilizing the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
Utilize a method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, comprise the following steps:
(1) fermenting house sterilizing: the sealed fermenting room sterilizing 0.1 ~ 2h(preferably 0.5 ~ 1h to being provided with air inlet and gas outlet);
(2) black tea sterilizing: black tea gross tea brick is evenly put moist heat sterilization in high-pressure sterilizing pot, temperature is 80 ~ 130 DEG C (preferably 90 ~ 110 DEG C), humidity is 95 ~ 100%, and pressure is 0.10 ~ 0.35MPa(preferably 0.15 ~ 0.20MPa), the time is 0.5 ~ 3h;
(3) it is 10 that the capsule bacterium bacterial classification that fallen apart by artificial infection coronoid process is deployed into concentration
3~ 10
7individual/mL(preferably 10
4~ 10
5individual/mL) bacterial classification solution, black tea gross tea brick after step (2) gained sterilizing is cooled to room temperature, in bacterial classification solution, soaks 0.8 ~ 20s(preferably 1 ~ 3s) or with inoculum concentration 1 ~ 5mL/kg brick tea (preferably 2 ~ 4mL/kg brick tea), bacterial classification dissolution homogeneity is sprayed onto brick tea surface;
(4) postvaccinal for step (3) gained brick tea homogeneous vertical is placed on the fermenting frame in sterilizing after fermentation room, interval 0.1 ~ 5cm between brick tea, control temperature is 20 ~ 35 DEG C (preferably 25 ~ 30 DEG C), indoor air humidity is 15 ~ 100%, ferment and take out after 7 ~ 21 days, under 40 ~ 90 DEG C (preferably 60 ~ 80 DEG C), drying under reduced pressure 10 ~ 50h(preferably 12 ~ 36h), obtain the black tea brick tea of golden flower.
Further, in step (3), the described artificial infection coronoid process capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart is obtained by following methods: capsule bacterium strain inoculation of being fallen apart by coronoid process is on the activation medium of cooling, 12 ~ 36h(preferably 18 ~ 22h is cultivated) under 20 ~ 35 DEG C (preferably 25 ~ 30 DEG C), after growing bacterial plaque, the yellow cleistothecium of picking is put into and fills 10 ~ 1000mL(preferably 10 ~ 30mL) sterile vials of sterilized water, jolting 10 ~ 15min, make uniform spore suspension, then carry out 10 times and increase progressively dilution, make dilution factor 10
-2~ 10
-3spore suspension, then 1:5 ~ 50 are inoculated into and expand in culture medium by volume, and at 20 ~ 35 DEG C (preferably 25 ~ 30 DEG C), rotating speed 50 ~ 200r/min(is 100 ~ 150 r/min preferably) under cultivate 12 ~ 36h(preferably 15 ~ 25h), i.e. obtained bacterial classification.
The described coronoid process capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart is that the coronoid process of the numbering CGMCC 3.6089 capsule bacterium that falls apart (is recorded in " Chinese bacterial classification catalogue ", Chemical Industry Press, 2007, p534; Bacterial strain history: Institute of Micro-biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, separatrix: MQ8859).Cultivate the artificial infection coronoid process of the gained capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart should carry out strain idenfication before use by activating and expanding, concrete grammar is: first, judge colonial morphology to be fragrance that is golden, volatilization be that coronoid process falls apart the peculiar fragrance of capsule bacterium, compare by PCR and coronoid process capsule bacterium 18S RNA sequence of faling apart again, aligned sequences requires more than 1500bp, similitude >=99.5%, is finally defined as coronoid process and falls apart capsule bacterium.
Further, described activation medium is made up of following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 1 ~ 4g/L(preferably 1.5 ~ 3.0g/L), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 2g/L(preferably 0.8 ~ 1.5g/L), potassium chloride 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L(preferably 0.4 ~ 0.6g/L), magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L(preferably 0.5 ~ 0.6g/L), ferric sulfate 0.001 ~ 0.2g/L(preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15g/L), carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L(preferably 20 ~ 30g/L), agar 10 ~ 30g/L(preferably 15 ~ 25g/L) mixing, at 100 ~ 130 DEG C, sterilizing 10 ~ 60min(preferably 15 ~ 35min) cool afterwards, contra bevel blake bottle, .
Further, described expansion culture medium is made up of following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 1 ~ 4g/L(preferably 1.5 ~ 2.5g/L), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 2g/L(preferably 0.8 ~ 1.5g/L), potassium chloride 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L(preferably 0.4 ~ 0.6g/L), magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L(preferably 0.4 ~ 0.6g/L), ferric sulfate 0.001 ~ 0.02g/L(preferably 0.01 ~ 0.015g/L), carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L(preferably 20 ~ 30g/L) mixing, under 90 ~ 130 DEG C (preferably 95 ~ 115 DEG C), sterilizing 10 ~ 60min(preferably 15 ~ 25min) cool afterwards, , or by potato 100 ~ 300g/L(preferably 150 ~ 250g/L) boil and rise 10 ~ 40min(preferably 25 ~ 35min) after, cross leaching supernatant, add carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L(preferably 25 ~ 35g/L again), under 90 ~ 130 DEG C (preferably 115 ~ 125 DEG C), sterilizing 10 ~ 60min(preferably 12 ~ 20min) cool afterwards.
Further, described activation medium is with in expansion culture medium, and described carbon source is one or more in sucrose, fructose, glucose, soluble starch, lactose, maltose or glycerine.
In step (3), brick tea is soaked in bacterial classification solution and must controls soak time, because long soaking time easily causes brick tea loose; Be sprayed onto on brick tea by bacterial classification dissolution homogeneity, its inoculum concentration need control at 1 ~ 5mL/kg brick tea, because inoculum concentration can affect growth very little, and time expand; And a kind of waste is not only in inoculation too much, and brick tea water content can be caused too high, be not easy to fermentation.
Further, in step (1), the air inlet in described sealed fermenting room and gas outlet are equipped with the degerming filter screen of aperture≤0.22 μm; Be provided with sterilizing installation in fermenting house, and ensure that ultraviolet average shot dosage is 300 ~ 400 J/m
2or ozone concentration is 20 ~ 40mg/m
3.Ultraviolet sterilization equipment need require to install according to GB28235-2011 regulation, and ozone generator need require to install according to GB28232-2011 regulation.
Further, in step (2), the every block quality of described black tea gross tea brick is 0.1 ~ 10kg(preferably 200 ~ 500g), thickness is 1 ~ 5cm(preferably 1.5 ~ 3cm).
Further, in step (4), described indoor air humidity is 70 ~ 88%.
Further, in step (4), after described drying under reduced pressure, the water content of the black tea brick tea of golden flower is 5 ~ 18%(preferably 6 ~ 12%).After drying completes, quality inspection is carried out to the black tea brick tea of golden flower, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus must not be detected.
In step (4), the suitable spacing of brick tea can ensure to ventilate, and is beneficial to and keeps brick tea epidemic disaster; Thermal creep stress is 20 ~ 35 DEG C, be because this temperature be coronoid process fall apart capsule bacterium optimum growth temperature; Fermentation time is 7 ~ 21 days, is that coronoid process in order to ensure in the brick tea capsule bacterium that falls apart can fully grow.
Answer strict aseptic technique in technical process described in the inventive method, the water of use is aqua sterilisa.
The black tea brick tea of the golden flower produced according to the inventive method may be used for pulverizing aft-loaded airfoil and becomes tea powder or tea bag, cuts and becomes loose tea or tea bag, also may be used for extracting coronoid process and to fall apart capsule bacterium.
The inventive method achieves efficiently growing dim of black tea, the coronoid process of the artificial infection capsule bacterium bacterium flower that falls apart grows vigorous on black tea brick tea, whole fermentation processes was at 7 ~ 21 days, rate of growing dim is high, the area that grows dim is large, with low cost, without the need to being equipped with expensive installation for fermenting, when having fermented, the coronoid process on average contained in every gram of stem tea falls apart capsule bacterium quantity>=1.8 × 10
7individual; Limpid with this golden flower soup that black tea is made tea, golden yellow color, fragrant aroma, flavour is pure; The brick tea steady quality produced, can long term storage, improves black tea and is worth and traction, have good nutrition and higher reserve value by the inventive method fermentation process.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart of coronoid process described in the embodiment of the present invention is that the coronoid process of the numbering CGMCC 3.6089 capsule bacterium that falls apart (is recorded in " Chinese bacterial classification catalogue ", Chemical Industry Press, 2007, p534; Bacterial strain history: Institute of Micro-biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, separatrix: MQ8859), other various chemical reagent used if no special instructions, are all obtained by routine business approach.
embodiment 1
Artificial infection coronoid process falls apart the acquisition of capsule bacterium bacterial classification: capsule bacterium strain inoculation of being fallen apart by coronoid process is on the activation medium of cooling, 20h is cultivated at 25 DEG C, after growing bacterial plaque, the sterile vials filling 10mL sterilized water is put into the yellow cleistothecium of oese picking, jolting 15min, make uniform spore suspension, then carry out 10 times and increase progressively dilution, make dilution factor 10
-3spore suspension, then 1:10 is inoculated into and expands in culture medium by volume, at 25 DEG C, cultivates 18h under constant-temperature table rotating speed 100r/min, i.e. obtained bacterial classification.
Wherein, activation medium is obtained by following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 2g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, potassium chloride 0.4g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.5g/L, ferric sulfate 0.01g/L, sucrose 20g/L, agar 20g/L mix, at 100 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 20min, contra bevel blake bottle; Expand culture medium to be obtained by following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 2g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, potassium chloride 0.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.6g/L, ferric sulfate 0.01g/L, sucrose 20g/L mix, and at 100 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 20min.
Cultivate the artificial infection coronoid process of the gained capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart carry out strain idenfication before use by by activating and expanding, concrete grammar is: first, judge colonial morphology to be fragrance that is golden, volatilization be that coronoid process falls apart the peculiar fragrance of capsule bacterium, compare by PCR and coronoid process capsule bacterium 18S RNA sequence of faling apart again, aligned sequences requires 1500bp, similitude 99.5%, is finally defined as coronoid process and falls apart capsule bacterium.
Utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower:
(1) fermenting house sterilizing: to sealed fermenting room ultraviolet (need installing in strict accordance with GB28235-2011 of ultraviolet sterilization equipment) the sterilizing 1h being provided with air inlet and gas outlet (be equipped with aperture≤0.22 μm degerming filter screen), ensure that ultraviolet average shot dosage is 300J/m
2;
(2) black tea sterilizing: black tea gross tea brick (every block quality is 0.5kg, and thickness is 2cm) is evenly put moist heat sterilization in high-pressure sterilizing pot, and temperature is 100 DEG C, and humidity is 100%, and pressure is 0.2MPa, and the time is 1h;
(3) it is 10 that the capsule bacterium bacterial classification that fallen apart by artificial infection coronoid process is deployed into concentration
4the bacterial classification solution of individual/mL, is cooled to room temperature by the black tea gross tea brick after step (2) gained sterilizing, in bacterial classification solution, soaks 2s;
(4) postvaccinal for step (3) gained brick tea homogeneous vertical is placed on the fermenting frame in sterilizing after fermentation room, interval 2cm between brick tea, control temperature is 25 DEG C, indoor air humidity is 75%, ferment and take out after 14 days, at 60 DEG C, drying under reduced pressure 36h, make water content be 12%, obtain the black tea brick tea of golden flower.
Quality inspection is carried out to the black tea brick tea of golden flower, does not detect Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus; This golden flower black tea brick tea rate of growing dim is high, and reach 95.7%, estimating its form of growing dim is umbrella, and the area that grows dim is large, and the quantity of the golden flower bacterium on average contained in every gram of stem tea is 3 × 10
7individual; Limpid with this golden flower soup that black tea is made tea, golden yellow color, fragrant aroma, flavour is pure; Black for golden flower tea brick tea is stored in aeration-drying place and can keeps 10 years not moldy metamorphisms.
embodiment 2
Artificial infection coronoid process falls apart the acquisition of capsule bacterium bacterial classification: capsule bacterium strain inoculation of being fallen apart by coronoid process is on the activation medium of cooling, 20h is cultivated at 28 DEG C, after growing bacterial plaque, the sterile vials filling 20mL sterilized water is put into the yellow cleistothecium of oese picking, jolting 12min, make uniform spore suspension, then carry out 10 times and increase progressively dilution, make dilution factor 10
-2spore suspension, then 1:50 is inoculated into and expands in culture medium by volume, at 28 DEG C, cultivates 20h under constant-temperature table rotating speed 120r/min, i.e. obtained bacterial classification.
Wherein, activation medium is obtained by following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 2.5g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.2g/L, potassium chloride 0.6g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.6g/L, ferric sulfate 0.12g/L, sucrose 30g/L, agar 25g/L mix, at 100 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 15min, contra bevel blake bottle; Expand culture medium to be obtained by following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 2g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, potassium chloride 0.45g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.45g/L, ferric sulfate 0.013g/L, sucrose 30g/L mix, and at 110 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 15 min.
Cultivate the artificial infection coronoid process of the gained capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart carry out strain idenfication before use by by activating and expanding, concrete grammar is: first, judge colonial morphology to be fragrance that is golden, volatilization be that coronoid process falls apart the peculiar fragrance of capsule bacterium, compare by PCR and coronoid process capsule bacterium 18S RNA sequence of faling apart again, aligned sequences requires 1500bp, similitude 99.5%, is finally defined as coronoid process and falls apart capsule bacterium.
Utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower:
(1) fermenting house sterilizing: to sealed fermenting room ultraviolet (need installing in strict accordance with GB28235-2011 of ultraviolet sterilization equipment) the sterilizing 1h being provided with air inlet and gas outlet (be equipped with aperture≤0.22 μm degerming filter screen), ensure that ultraviolet average shot dosage is 320J/m
2;
(2) black tea sterilizing: black tea gross tea brick (every block quality is 250g, and thickness is 1.5cm) is evenly put moist heat sterilization in high-pressure sterilizing pot, and temperature is 110 DEG C, and humidity is 100%, and pressure is 0.2 MPa, and the time is 0.5h;
(3) it is 10 that the capsule bacterium bacterial classification that fallen apart by artificial infection coronoid process is deployed into concentration
5the bacterial classification solution of individual/mL, is cooled to room temperature by the black tea gross tea brick after step (2) gained sterilizing, with inoculum concentration 3mL/kg brick tea, bacterial classification dissolution homogeneity is sprayed onto brick tea surface;
(4) postvaccinal for step (3) gained brick tea homogeneous vertical is placed on the fermenting frame in sterilizing after fermentation room, interval 3cm between brick tea, control temperature is 28 DEG C, indoor air humidity is 74%, ferment and take out after 21 days, at 80 DEG C, drying under reduced pressure 12h, make water content be 7%, obtain the black tea brick tea of golden flower.
Quality inspection is carried out to the black tea brick tea of golden flower, does not detect Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus; This golden flower black tea brick tea rate of growing dim is high, and reach 97.3%, estimating its form of growing dim is umbrella, and the area that grows dim is large, and the quantity of the golden flower bacterium on average contained in every gram of stem tea is 1.8 × 10
7individual; Limpid with this golden flower soup that black tea is made tea, golden yellow color, fragrant aroma, flavour is pure; Black for golden flower tea brick tea is stored in aeration-drying place and can keeps 10 years not moldy metamorphisms.
embodiment 3
Artificial infection coronoid process falls apart the acquisition of capsule bacterium bacterial classification: capsule bacterium strain inoculation of being fallen apart by coronoid process is on the activation medium of cooling, 19h is cultivated at 27 DEG C, after growing bacterial plaque, the sterile vials filling 15mL sterilized water is put into the yellow cleistothecium of oese picking, jolting 12min, make uniform spore suspension, then carry out 10 times and increase progressively dilution, make dilution factor 10
-3spore suspension, then 1:25 is inoculated into and expands in culture medium by volume, at 27 DEG C, cultivates 18h under constant-temperature table rotating speed 125r/min, i.e. obtained bacterial classification.
Wherein, activation medium is obtained by following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 2.3g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.1g/L, potassium chloride 0.55g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.55g/L, ferric sulfate 0.12g/L, maltose 30g/L, agar 20g/L mix, at 121 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 30min, contra bevel blake bottle; Expand culture medium to be obtained by following methods: potato 200g/L is boiled after rising 30min, cross leaching supernatant, then add maltose 30g/L, at 120 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 15 min.
Cultivate the artificial infection coronoid process of the gained capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart carry out strain idenfication before use by by activating and expanding, concrete grammar is: first, judge colonial morphology to be fragrance that is golden, volatilization be that coronoid process falls apart the peculiar fragrance of capsule bacterium, compare by PCR and coronoid process capsule bacterium 18S RNA sequence of faling apart again, aligned sequences requires 1500bp, similitude 99.5%, is finally defined as coronoid process and falls apart capsule bacterium.
Utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower:
(1) fermenting house sterilizing: to being provided with the sealed fermenting room of air inlet and gas outlet (be equipped with aperture≤0.22 μm degerming filter screen) at ozone (need installing in strict accordance with GB28232-2011 of ozone sterilizing apparatus) concentration 30mg/m
3lower sterilizing 30min;
(2) black tea sterilizing: black tea gross tea brick (every block quality is 0.5kg, and thickness is 2cm) is evenly put moist heat sterilization in high-pressure sterilizing pot, and temperature is 95 DEG C, and humidity is 100%, and pressure is 0.15 MPa, and the time is 1.5h;
(3) it is 10 that the capsule bacterium bacterial classification that fallen apart by artificial infection coronoid process is deployed into concentration
4the bacterial classification solution of individual/mL, is cooled to room temperature by the black tea gross tea brick after step (2) gained sterilizing, in bacterial classification solution, soaks 1s;
(4) postvaccinal for step (3) gained brick tea homogeneous vertical is placed on the fermenting frame in sterilizing after fermentation room, interval 5cm between brick tea, control temperature is 27 DEG C, indoor air humidity is 85%, ferment and take out after 21 days, at 75 DEG C, drying under reduced pressure 14h, make water content be 8%, obtain the black tea brick tea of golden flower.
Quality inspection is carried out to the black tea brick tea of golden flower, does not detect Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus; This golden flower black tea brick tea rate of growing dim is high, and reach 93.3%, estimating its form of growing dim is umbrella, and the area that grows dim is large, and the quantity of the golden flower bacterium on average contained in every gram of stem tea is 2.5 × 10
7individual; Limpid with this golden flower soup that black tea is made tea, golden yellow color, fragrant aroma, flavour is pure; Black for golden flower tea brick tea is stored in aeration-drying place and can keeps 10 years not moldy metamorphisms.
Claims (10)
1. utilize a method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) fermenting house sterilizing: to the sealed fermenting room sterilizing 0.1 ~ 2h being provided with air inlet and gas outlet;
(2) black tea sterilizing: black tea gross tea brick is evenly put moist heat sterilization in high-pressure sterilizing pot, and temperature is 80 ~ 130 DEG C, and humidity is 95 ~ 100%, and pressure is 0.10 ~ 0.35MPa, and the time is 0.5 ~ 3h;
(3) it is 10 that the capsule bacterium bacterial classification that fallen apart by artificial infection coronoid process is deployed into concentration
3~ 10
7the bacterial classification solution of individual/mL, is cooled to room temperature by the black tea gross tea brick after step (2) gained sterilizing, soaks 0.8 ~ 20s or with inoculum concentration 1 ~ 5mL/kg brick tea, bacterial classification dissolution homogeneity is sprayed onto brick tea surface in bacterial classification solution;
(4) postvaccinal for step (3) gained brick tea homogeneous vertical is placed on the fermenting frame in sterilizing after fermentation room, interval 0.1 ~ 5cm between brick tea, control temperature is 20 ~ 35 DEG C, indoor air humidity is 15 ~ 100%, ferment and take out after 7 ~ 21 days, at 40 ~ 90 DEG C, drying under reduced pressure 10 ~ 50h, obtains the black tea brick tea of golden flower.
2. utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), the described artificial infection coronoid process capsule bacterium bacterial classification that falls apart is obtained by following methods: capsule bacterium strain inoculation of being fallen apart by coronoid process is on the activation medium of cooling, 12 ~ 36h is cultivated at 20 ~ 35 DEG C, after growing bacterial plaque, the yellow cleistothecium of picking puts into the sterile vials filling 10 ~ 1000mL sterilized water, jolting 10 ~ 15min, make uniform spore suspension, then carry out 10 times and increase progressively dilution, make dilution factor 10
-2~ 10
-3spore suspension, then 1:5 ~ 50 are inoculated into and expand in culture medium by volume, at 20 ~ 35 DEG C, cultivate 12 ~ 36h under rotating speed 50 ~ 200r/min, i.e. obtained bacterial classification.
3. utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described activation medium is made up of following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 1 ~ 4g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 2g/L, potassium chloride 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L, ferric sulfate 0.001 ~ 0.2g/L, carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L, agar 10 ~ 30g/L mix, at 100 ~ 130 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 10 ~ 60min, contra bevel blake bottle.
4. utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described expansion culture medium is made up of following methods: by following addition by sodium nitrate 1 ~ 4g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5 ~ 2g/L, potassium chloride 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.8g/L, ferric sulfate 0.001 ~ 0.02g/L, carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L mixes, at 90 ~ 130 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 10 ~ 60min; Or potato 100 ~ 300g/L is boiled after rising 10 ~ 40min, cross leaching supernatant, then add carbon source 10 ~ 40g/L, at 90 ~ 130 DEG C, cool after sterilizing 10 ~ 60min.
5. according to claim 3 or 4, utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: described carbon source is one or more in sucrose, fructose, glucose, soluble starch, lactose, maltose or glycerine.
6. according to claim 1 or 2, utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the air inlet in described sealed fermenting room and gas outlet are equipped with the degerming filter screen of aperture≤0.22 μm; Be provided with sterilizing installation in fermenting house, and ensure that ultraviolet average shot dosage is 300 ~ 400 J/m
2or ozone concentration is 20 ~ 40mg/m
3.
7. according to claim 1 or 2, utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: in step (2), the every block quality of described black tea gross tea brick is 0.1 ~ 10kg, and thickness is 1 ~ 5cm.
8. utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the every block quality of described black tea gross tea brick is 200 ~ 500g, and thickness is 1.5 ~ 3cm.
9. according to claim 1 or 2, utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: in step (4), described indoor air humidity is 70 ~ 88%.
10. according to claim 1 or 2, utilize the method for the black tea of black tea gross tea brick quick fermentation production golden flower, it is characterized in that: in step (4), after described drying under reduced pressure, the water content of the black tea brick tea of golden flower is 5 ~ 18%.
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| CN107197967A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of golden flower white teas tea cake |
| CN107251959A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-10-17 | 贵州百鸟河茶业有限公司 | The preparation method of Guizhou golden flower black teas |
| CN107372910A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-11-24 | 优仕康生（天津）科技发展有限公司 | Black tea sugar Zhuan, tea starter and with its prepare tea bacterium solution |
| CN107593955A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-19 | 于葵 | Ferment edible mushroom tea preparation process and fermentation edible mushroom tea |
| CN108029829A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of paper mulberry golden flower tea preparation methods |
| CN108719518A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-02 | 益阳茶厂有限公司 | The preparation method and fritter Fu-brick tea of fritter Fu-brick tea |
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| CN110897020A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-24 | 安吉董茶茶叶有限公司 | Processing method of golden tea |
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| CN107593955A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-19 | 于葵 | Ferment edible mushroom tea preparation process and fermentation edible mushroom tea |
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| CN108029829A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of paper mulberry golden flower tea preparation methods |
| CN108719518A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-02 | 益阳茶厂有限公司 | The preparation method and fritter Fu-brick tea of fritter Fu-brick tea |
| CN108935791A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | One kind can standardized scattered Fu tea production technology |
| CN110897020A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-24 | 安吉董茶茶叶有限公司 | Processing method of golden tea |
| CN110100917A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-09 | 西咸新区茯茶镇茶业有限公司 | A kind of loose tea fungus growing process |
| CN109938131A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-06-28 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of sweet tea buckwheat oat tea and its production method |
| CN111635915A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-08 | 中南林业科技大学 | Preparation method and application of eurotium cristatum melanin fermentation product |
| CN113768016A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-10 | 倪国帮 | Process for producing mulberry leaf dark tea by anaerobic fermentation |
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