CN104584732B - Double-V-shaped ditch construction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a double-V-shaped ditch construction device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanisms. The double-V-shaped ditch construction device is characterized in that two sides of a copying central pressing plates of a shovel handle connecting frame are respectively synchronously embedded into six grooves which are symmetrically formed in the inner sides of two V-shaped soil extruding cutters; copying soil pressing plates are respectively fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two V-shaped soil extruding cutters; the end surface curves of copying bottom plates on the two copying soil pressing plates are the same as those of the copying central pressing plates; the edge curves of the two V-shaped soil extruding cutters are cissoid sections, and the sliding-cutting angles of the soil contact parts range from 40 to 50 degrees. The double-V-shaped ditch construction device is applicable to the mode of double-row planting in soybean ridges; two seed channels with smooth walls can be pressed and constructed on a seed bed, thus the influence of the seed channels on seed feeding can be reduced, the sliding-cutting resistance is small, and the penetrating performance is high; the V-shaped soil extruding cutters and the copying soil pressing plates co-extrude soil at two sides of the sidewalls of the soil extruding cutters so as to form V-shaped seed channels with firm and smooth walls, and as a result, oil returning of the sidewalls of the seed channels and wrinkling structures of the walls can be reduced; the variability of qualified seed-spaces can be reduced; the seeding quality can be improved.

Description

Double V-shaped build ditch device

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological field is and in particular to a kind of planting machinery trench digging or kind ditch are built shape dress and put.

Background technology

In recent years, the plantation agronomy of efficient high yield is the emphasis of agricultural research, the raising with the standards of agricultural equipment and essence The popularization of technology is cultivated in refinement, has become seeding technique main development side to improve the high speed and precision sowing as target for the operating efficiency To.On soybean ridge, duplicate rows plantation high-yield planting technology is

Refer to 2 row soybean are planted on 60 1 65cm ridges, line space is the planting patterns of 10 15cm.Technique can make greatly Beans plant is uniformly distributed it is ensured that relatively balancing to moisture content, fertilizer absorptance on ridge, and field ventilation and penetrating light environment is good, creates one The soybean in field group structure of individual high yield.According to investigations, same to kind, same to isodensity, the soybean that on ridge, duplicate rows is planted than single file on ridge, Average volume increase more than 10%.

Cultivate core technology for above-mentioned soybean " ridge culture ", Jilin Province Mechanized Conversation Tillage research center carries out big ridge The research of soybean tilling and seeding machine and demonstration.Precise sowing has the advantages that saving of labor, saves and plant, increase production and be easy to mechanization field management. Research shows, not only seeding, two links of charging seed influence whether the accuracy that high speed is sowed, and seed the quality of bed process Also the change that seed bed position can be affected, that is, affect grain spacing evenness.Traditional kind ditch is wide up and down and width is larger very difficult Ensure seed lineal layout；Precision drill when high-speed motion (equipment speed >=7 kilometer/hour), furrow bank " orange peel " tissue The cause to fall and break bounce-back of seed, scattering and the rolling along bottom of trench increases, and seriously destroys the uniformity of seed distribution.And Soybean Species Sub- shape almost spherical, it is easy to roll, requires to kind of ditch more strict, is sowed with existing seeding machinery, grain is relatively low away from qualification rate.

Do not build the correlative study of ditch device at present.Plough structure type presses penetrating angle difference, can be divided into acute angle (α ＜ 90 °) plough and obtuse angle (90 ° of α ＞) plough, acute angle plough has shovel formula, arrow spade type, wing shovel, ship shape shovel and core Ploughshare formula etc., obtuse angle plough has boots shoe, sliding cutter type, table roller formula and double-disk.Researchers are devoted to for many years to field Between test, repeatedly plough is updated, but still suffers from the drawback that：

1. ditch tee section is most of rectangular or trapezoidal, to seed no clamping action, affects grain spacing evenness.2. output Plant ditch furrow bank rough, in " orange peel " shape, quality impact is larger on charging seed.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide one kind builds ditch blade kind of a ditch can be smoothed, makes the uniform consolidation of seed surrounding soil, subtracts The qualified grain of seedlet away from the coefficient of variation and soil-entering resistance and tillage resistance little, poor, the easy blockage problem of penetration performance can be prevented effectively from Double V-shaped build ditch device.

The present invention is by spade link A, profiling firming plate I 1, bolt I 2, bolt II 3, bolt III 4, bolt IV 5, profiling Firming plate II 6, bolt V 7, bolt VI 8, V-type soil compaction knife I 9, V-type soil compaction knife II 10, bolt VII 11 and bolt VIII 12 composition, its In：Profiling firming plate I 1 is provided with top board I 18, bolt hole I 19, profiling base plate I 20, bolt hole II 21 and side plate I 22；Profiling pressure Native plate II 6 is provided with side plate II 23, bolt hole III 24, profiling base plate II 25, bolt hole IV 26 and top board II 27；V-type soil compaction knife I 9 inner side is provided with groove I 31 groove II 32 groove III 33, positive stop lug boss II 39, bolt hole V 29, bolt hole VI 30 and V-type and squeezes Native knife I blade curve I C₁With soil compaction blade bicker I α₁；The inner side of V-type soil compaction knife II 10 is provided with groove IV 34 groove V 35 groove VI 36, positive stop lug boss I 28, bolt hole VII 37 bolt hole VIII 38, V-type soil compaction knife II blade curve II C₂With soil compaction blade bicker II α₂；V-type soil compaction knife I 9 and V-type soil compaction knife II 10 blade spacing are 80～150mm.

In spade link A, profiling center pressing plate 16 both sides are embedded in groove I 31 and groove VI 36 simultaneously respectively, or groove II 32 and groove V 35, or groove III 33 and groove IV 34 in；The side plate I 22 of profiling firming plate I 1 is through bolt VII 11 and bolt VIII 12 outsides being fixed in V-type soil compaction knife II 10, the top board I 18 of profiling firming plate I 1 is connected with spade through bolt I 2 and bolt II 3 In frame A, connecting plate 14 is affixed；The side plate II 23 of profiling firming plate II 6 is fixed in V-type soil compaction knife I 9 through bolt V 7 and bolt VI 8 Outside, the top board II 27 of profiling firming plate II 6 is affixed with connecting plate 14 in spade link A through bolt III 4 and bolt IV 5.

In profiling base plate I 20 and profiling firming plate II 6 in profiling firming plate I 1 cross section curve of profiling base plate II 25 all with In spade link A, the curve of profiling center pressing plate 16 is identical, and the peak of profiling base plate I 20 is spacing with V-type soil compaction knife I 9 Boss I 28 is concordant, and the peak of profiling base plate II 25 is concordant with the positive stop lug boss II 39 of V-type soil compaction knife II 10；Two V-type soil compactions Knife blade spacing is 80～150mm.

Profiling center pressing plate 16 in profiling base plate I 20 and profiling base plate II 25, spade link A and V-type soil compaction knife side Wall collective effect fastens ditch type, reduces furrow bank soil and glides, reduces furrow bank " orange peel " tissue, effectively prevent seed to be trapped in furrow bank Or taken out of the probability of kind of ditch by soil, build out a smooth kind of ditch.

Described spade link A is by spade 13, connecting plate 14, connector I 15, profiling center pressing plate 16 and connector II 17 compositions, wherein spade 13 is fixed in above connecting plate 14, and profiling center pressing plate 16 is affixed through connector I 15 and connector II 17 Below connecting plate 14.

In spade link A, the longitudinal section axis of profiling center pressing plate 16 is by straight line A₁, curve A₂With straight line A₃Composition, Straight line A₁With curve A₂Left end is tangent, straight line A₃With curve A₂Right-hand member tangent straight line A₁Equation be：

Y=-R；

Curve A₂Equation be：

x²+y²=R²；

Straight line A₃Equation be：

Wherein：R∈100,120mm.

Described V-type soil compaction knife I blade curve I C₁With V-type soil compaction knife II blade curve II C₂It is cissoid.According to Kostritsyn achievement in research, no matter how the angle of friction between the angle of friction between soil and soil and soil and metal becomes Change, minimum cutting resistance always occurs when the angle of wedge is close to 45 °.This cissoid curve blade, at its tactile soil, sliding cutting angular region is 40 °～50 °, meet minimum cutting resistance and require.Its feature is that curve is tangent with horizontal line, can reduce and build ditch blade and bury resistance Power and tillage resistance, are prevented effectively from bad, the susceptible to plugging problem of penetration performance.

Edge curve：Set diameter of a circle OE=d, Z be surely round week on a bit, cross E point make surely justify tangent line hand over ray OZ, in Q point, intercepts OM=ZQ on OQ, and when point Z changes on determining circle, the track of point M is required edge curve.Set up straight Angular coordinate system, takes ∠ EOZ=θ to be parameter, then cissoid parametric equation is：

Draw V-type soil compaction knife I blade curve I C₁With V-type soil compaction knife II blade curve II C₂Equation be：

Wherein：D=100～200mm, independent variable x ∈ (0,150) mm.

Described soil compaction blade bicker I α₁With soil compaction blade bicker II α₂It is 30 °～60 °, profiling center thickness of compressive plate α₁ With groove I 31, groove II 32, groove III 33, groove VI 36, groove V 35, groove IV 34 recess width a₂Identical, it is 4mm；Depth of groove b is 5mm；Flute pitch between groove I 31, groove II 32, groove III 33 is 10mm, groove VI 36th, flute pitch c between groove V 35, groove IV 34 is 10mm.Groove is to the fore-and-aft distance of the corresponding bolt hole of soil compaction knife Identical, the deep height of the double V-shaped limit building ditch device can be adjusted according to different agronomy demands, by select groove and corresponding bolt hole Adjust Furrow depth.

Compared with prior art beneficial effect is the present invention：

Of the present invention double V-shaped build ditch device, its V-type soil compaction edge curve is one section of cissoid, and its feature is song Line is tangent with horizontal line, can reduce and build ditch blade soil-entering resistance and tillage resistance, be prevented effectively from penetration performance bad, susceptible to plugging Problem, builds ditch type while sliding cutting, reduces the sowing coefficient of variation.Double V-shaped build ditch device be directed to soybean ridge on duplicate rows plantation Pattern, " can build out " the kind ditch that two furrow banks smooth on kind of bed, reduce kind of ditch to the impact charged seed.This is double V-shaped build ditch device can Use cooperatively with Qing Chacao mechanism, form good kind bed, reduce the qualified grain of seed away from the coefficient of variation, improve seeding quality.Meanwhile, Double V-shaped ditch device of building can increase kind of a ditch soil compactibility, makes the uniform consolidation of seed surrounding soil, plays the effect proposing moisture in the soil soil moisture conservation, with Just seed highest germination rate and the fastest emergence rate are obtained.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the double V-shaped right view building ditch device

Fig. 2 is the double V-shaped left view building ditch device

Fig. 3 is spade link structural representation

Fig. 4 is spade link left view

Fig. 5 is the double V-shaped rearview building ditch device

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of profiling firming plate I

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of profiling firming plate II

Fig. 8 is the left view of V-type soil compaction knife I

Fig. 9 is the front view of V-type soil compaction knife I

Figure 10 is the rearview of V-type soil compaction knife I

Figure 11 is the right view of V-type soil compaction knife II

Figure 12 is the front view of V-type soil compaction knife II

Figure 13 is the rearview of V-type soil compaction knife II

Figure 14 is the partial enlarged drawing of B in Fig. 5

Figure 15 is that V-type soil compaction knife blade cissoid draws schematic diagram

Wherein：A. spade link 1. profiling firming plate I 2. bolt, I 3. bolt, II 4. bolt III 5. bolt IV 6. Profiling firming plate II 7. bolt, V 8. bolt VI 9.V type soil compaction knife I 10.V type soil compaction knife II 11. bolt VII 12. bolt VIII 13. spade, 14. connecting plate, 15. connector, I 16. profiling center pressing plate 17. connector, II 18. top board I 19. bolt Hole I 20. profiling base plate, I 21. bolt hole, II 22. side plate, I 23. side plate, II 24. bolt hole III 25. profiling base plate II 26. Bolt hole IV 27. top board, II 28. positive stop lug boss, I 29. bolt hole, V 30. bolt hole, VI 31. groove I 32. groove II 33. groove, III 34. groove, IV 35. groove, V 36. groove, VI 37. bolt hole, VII 38. bolt hole VIII 39. positive stop lug boss II a₁. profiling center thickness of compressive plate b. depth of groove c. flute pitch a₂. recess width α₁. soil compaction blade bicker I α₂. soil compaction Blade bicker II A₁. profiling center pressing plate longitudinal section axis curve I A₂. profiling center pressing plate longitudinal section axis curve II A₃. profiling center pressing plate longitudinal section axis curve III C₁.V type soil compaction knife I blade curve I C₂.V type soil compaction knife II cutting edge is bent Line II P₁.V one section of cissoid P of type soil compaction knife I₂.V one section of cissoid L of type soil compaction knife II₁. groove I and groove VI vertical Cross section curve L₂. the longitudinal section curve L of groove II and groove V₃. the longitudinal section curve h. blade bottom of groove III and groove VI Portion is to vertical range h of the nearest bolt hole hole heart₁. vertical range h of the adjacent bolt hole hole heart₂. the water of the adjacent bolt hole hole heart Flat distance

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in detail：

For duplicate rows planting technology on soybean ridge, the present invention devise a kind of double V-shaped build ditch device, can press on kind of bed and build out Article two, the V-arrangement kind ditch that furrow bank smooths, reduces the qualified grain of seed away from the coefficient of variation, improves seeding quality, meanwhile, double V-shaped builds ditch device Kind of a ditch soil compactibility can be increased, make the uniform consolidation of seed surrounding soil, improve soil capillarity in ditch, play the work putting forward moisture in the soil With improving seeding ratio.This V-type is built ditch device and is used cooperatively it is also possible to complete the trench digging in no-tillage seeding with Qing Chacao mechanism Link.

Refering to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, double V-shaped ditch device of building of the present invention is by spade link A, profiling firming plate I 1, bolt I 2nd, bolt II 3, bolt III 4, bolt IV 5, profiling firming plate II 6, bolt V 7, bolt VI 8, V-type soil compaction knife I 9, V-type soil compaction knife II 10, bolt VII 11 and bolt VIII 12 composition.

Refering to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, spade link A of the present invention is by spade 13, connecting plate 14, connector I 15, profiling Center pressing plate 16 and connector II 17 composition, wherein spade 13 is fixed in above connecting plate 14, and profiling center pressing plate 16 is through connecting Part I 15 and connector II 17 are fixed in below connecting plate 14.The longitudinal section axis of profiling center pressing plate 16 in spade link A By straight line A₁, curve A₂With straight line A₃Composition, straight line A₁, straight line A₃Respectively with curve A₂Tangent, straight line A₁Equation be：

Y=-R；

Curve A₂Curvilinear equation be：

x²+y²=R²；

Straight line A₃Equation be：

Wherein：R∈100,120mm.

Refering to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, profiling firming plate I 1 of the present invention is provided with top board I 18, bolt hole I 19, profiling Base plate I 20, bolt hole II 21 and side plate I 22；

Profiling firming plate II 6 is provided with side plate II 23, bolt hole III 24, profiling base plate II 25, bolt hole IV 26 and top board Ⅱ27；

The side plate I 22 of profiling firming plate I 1 is fixed in the outside of V-type soil compaction knife II 10 through bolt VII 11 and bolt VIII 12, imitates The top board I 18 of shape firming plate I 1 is affixed with connecting plate 14 in spade link A through bolt I 2 and bolt II 3；

The side plate II 23 of _ _ profiling firming plate II 6 is fixed in the outside of V-type soil compaction knife I 9 through bolt V 7 and bolt VI 8, imitates The top board II 27 of shape firming plate II 6 is affixed with connecting plate 14 in spade link A through bolt III 4 and bolt IV 5.

The cross section curve of profiling base plate II 25 and shovel in profiling base plate I 20 and profiling firming plate II 6 in profiling firming plate I 1 In handle link A, the cross section curve of profiling center pressing plate 16 is identical, limit level respectively with V-type soil compaction knife I 9 and V-type soil compaction knife II 10 positive stop lug boss I 28 is concordant with positive stop lug boss II 39.

Refering to Fig. 8-Figure 14, the inner side of V-type soil compaction knife I 9 is provided with groove I 31 groove II 32 groove III 33, positive stop lug boss II 39th, bolt hole V 29, bolt hole VI 30 and V-type soil compaction edge curve I C₁With soil compaction blade bicker I α₁；

The inner side of V-type soil compaction knife II 10 is provided with groove IV 34 groove V 35 groove VI 36, positive stop lug boss I 28, bolt hole VII 37 bolts hole VIII 38, V-type soil compaction edge curve II C₂With soil compaction blade bicker II α₂.

V-type soil compaction knife I blade curve I C₁With V-type soil compaction knife II blade curve II C₂It is cissoid.

Its feature is that curve is tangent with horizontal line, can reduce and build ditch blade soil-entering resistance and tillage resistance, be prevented effectively from Bad, the susceptible to plugging problem of penetration performance.

Soil compaction blade bicker I α₁With soil compaction blade bicker II α₂It is 30 °～60 °, profiling center thickness of compressive plate a₁And groove Width a₂Identical, it is 4mm, depth of groove b is 5mm, the flute pitch between groove I 31, groove II 32, groove III 33, and Flute pitch c between groove VI 36, groove V 35, groove IV 34 is 10mm.

Refering to Fig. 9, Figure 12 and Figure 15, edge curve is drawn：Set diameter of a circle OE=d, Z be surely round week on a bit, Cross E point and make the tangent line friendship ray OZ surely justifying in Q point. OM=ZQ. is being intercepted on OQ when point Z changes on determining circle, the track of point M It is required edge curve.Set up rectangular coordinate system, take ∠ EOZ=θ to be parameter, then cissoid parametric equation is：

Show that edge curve equation is：

Wherein：D=100～200mm, independent variable x ∈ (0,150) mm.

The groove III of V-type soil compaction knife I 9 and V-type soil compaction knife II 10 bottom and the longitudinal section curve L of groove VI₃Squeeze with V-type One section of cissoid P of native knife I₁One section of cissoid P with V-type soil compaction knife II₂Parallel, the longitudinal section curve L of groove I and groove VI₁ Longitudinal section curve L with groove II and groove V₂Intersecting, its feature is the fore-and-aft distance phase of curve to the corresponding bolt hole of soil compaction knife Same, the double V-shaped deep height of limit building ditch device can be adjusted according to different agronomy demands, be adjusted by selecting groove and corresponding bolt hole Section Furrow depth.Concrete operations are the vertical distance that soil compaction knife bottom cutting edge arrives adjacent bolt hole is h, groove II and groove V Longitudinal section curve L₂It is by the longitudinal section curve L of groove III and groove VI with its corresponding bolt hole₃With the first upper shifting of its corresponding bolt hole h₁After move to left h₂Obtain, the longitudinal section curve L1 of groove I and groove VI and its corresponding bolt hole are vertical by groove III and groove VI Cross section curve L₃Move 2h with its corresponding bolt hole₁.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of double V-shaped build ditch device it is characterised in that by spade link (A), profiling firming plate I (1), bolt I (2), bolt II (3), bolt III (4), bolt IV (5), profiling firming plate II (6), bolt V (7), bolt VI (8), V-type soil compaction knife I (9), V Type soil compaction knife II (10), bolt VII (11) and bolt VIII (12) composition, wherein：Profiling firming plate I (1) be provided with top board I (18), Bolt hole I (19), profiling base plate I (20), bolt hole II (21) and side plate I (22)；Profiling firming plate II (6) is provided with side plate II (23), bolt hole III (24), profiling base plate II (25), bolt hole IV (26) and top board II (27)；The inner side of V-type soil compaction knife I (9) It is provided with groove I (31), groove II (32), groove III (33), bolt hole V (29), bolt hole VI (30) and V-type soil compaction knife I cutting edge Curve I (C₁)；The lower pointed end of V-type soil compaction knife I (9) is provided with soil compaction blade bicker I (α₁)；The inner side of V-type soil compaction knife II (10) sets Fluted IV (34), groove V (35), groove VI (36), bolt hole VII (37), bolt hole VIII (38) and V-type soil compaction knife II cutting edge Curve II (C₂)；The lower pointed end of V-type soil compaction knife II (10) is provided with soil compaction blade bicker II (α₂)；Profiling in spade link (A) Center pressing plate (16) both sides are embedded in groove I (31) and groove VI (36) simultaneously respectively, or groove II (32) and groove V (35), Or in groove III (33) and groove IV (34)；The side plate I (22) of profiling firming plate I (1) is through bolt VII (11) and bolt VIII (12) Be fixed in the outside of V-type soil compaction knife II (10), the top board I (18) of profiling firming plate I (1) through bolt I (2) and bolt II (3) with In spade link (A), connecting plate (14) is affixed；The side plate II (23) of profiling firming plate II (6) is through bolt V (7) and bolt VI (8) it is fixed in the outside of V-type soil compaction knife I (9), the top board II (27) of profiling firming plate II (6) is through bolt III (4) and bolt IV (5) affixed with connecting plate (14) in spade link (A)；Profiling base plate I (20) and profiling firming plate in profiling firming plate I (1) In II (6) cross section curve of profiling base plate II (25) all with the longitudinal section at profiling center pressing plate (16) in spade link (A) in Axis curve is identical, the peak of profiling base plate I (20) and concordant, the profiling of positive stop lug boss I (28) outside V-type soil compaction knife I (9) The peak of base plate II (25) is concordant with the positive stop lug boss II (39) outside V-type soil compaction knife II (10)；Two V-type soil compaction knife blades Spacing is 80～150mm.

2. double V-shaped as described in claim 1 build ditch device it is characterised in that described spade link (A) by spade (13), even Fishplate bar (14), connector I (15), profiling center pressing plate (16) and connector II (17) composition, wherein spade (13) company of being fixed in Above, profiling center pressing plate (16) is fixed in connecting plate (14) below through connector I (15) and connector II (17) to fishplate bar (14).

3. double V-shaped as described in claim 1 builds ditch device it is characterised in that profiling center pressure in described spade link (A) The longitudinal section axis of plate (16) is by straight line I A₁, curve A₂With straight line II A₃Composition, straight line I A₁With curve A₂Right-hand member is tangent, straight line ⅡA₃With curve A₂Left end is tangent, straight line I A₁Equation be：

Y=-R；

Curve A₂Equation be：

x²+y²=R²；

Straight line II A₃Equation be：

$\sqrt{3}x+y+2R=0;$

Wherein：R∈(100,120)mm.

4. double V-shaped as described in claim 1 builds ditch device it is characterised in that described V-type soil compaction knife I blade curve I (C₁) and V Type soil compaction knife II blade curve II (C₂) it is cissoid：Set diameter of a circle OE=d, Z be surely round week on a bit, cross E point The tangent line making surely to justify hands over ray OZ in Q point, intercepts OM=ZQ, when point Z changes on determining circle, the track of point M is on OQ Required edge curve；Set up rectangular coordinate system, take ∠ EOZ=θ to be parameter, then cissoid parametric equation is：

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=dsi{n}^2\mathrm{\θ}\\ y=dsi{n}^2\mathrm{\θ}tan\mathrm{\θ}\end{array}\right.$

Draw V-type soil compaction knife I blade curve I (C₁) and V-type soil compaction knife II blade curve II (C₂) equation be：

$P=\sqrt{\frac{x^3}{d-x}}$

Wherein：D=100～200mm, independent variable x ∈ (0,150) mm.

5. the V-type as described in claim 1 builds ditch device it is characterised in that described soil compaction blade bicker I (α₁) and soil compaction blade bicker Ⅱ(α₂) it is 30 °～60 °, the thickness (a of described profiling center pressing plate (16)₁) and groove I (31), groove II (32), groove III (33), groove VI (36), groove V (35), the recess width (a of groove IV (34)₂) identical, it is 4mm；Depth of groove (b) is all For 5mm；Flute pitch between groove I (31), groove II (32), groove III (33) is 10mm, groove VI (36), groove V (35), the flute pitch (c) between groove IV (34) is 10mm.