CN104578661A - Axially-distributed double-salient-pole brushless DC motor - Google Patents
Axially-distributed double-salient-pole brushless DC motor Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides an axially-distributed double-salient-pole brushless DC motor. The number of phases of the motor is m. Stator poles and rotor poles of each phase of the motor are equidistantly and correspondingly distributed in the axial direction of the motor to form m sub-motors distributed axially. Gaps are formed between the stator poles in the axial direction and used for mounting armature windings. The number of the stator poles and the number of the rotor poles of each sub-motor are both 2n. A mechanical angle of 360 degrees/2nm is formed between every two rotor poles of each sub-motor. The stator poles and the corresponding rotor poles are aligned with one another in the circumferential direction of the motor. The centralized armature windings are wound around the stator poles of each sub-motor respectively. An excitation element is arranged on the part, close to the circumference, of the outer side of each armature winding. 2n excitation elements are totally arranged in the circumferential direction. Magnetic paths of all the phases of the motor are completely independent of one another, and therefore the fault tolerance performance is good; all the phases are distributed in the axial direction and are suitable for a long and thin motor; all punching plates are identical but different in position and angle, and modularization of design, production and maintenance of the motor is achieved; distribution of radial force of the motor is wider, and the radial strain of a stator is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of doubly-salient brushless DC generator of axial distribution, belong to specific type of electric machine body design technical field.
Background technology
Double salient-pole electric machine is a kind of new-type motor be made up of the motor body of position transducer, electronic power converter, permanent magnetism or electromagnetism Energizing unit, controller and salient pole stator and rotor sructure.As a kind of novel variable reluctance motor, its magnetic resistance maximum and minimum value ratio greatly, have better energy converting between mechanical characteristic, have good application prospect in all trades and professions.The unit motor of traditional double salient-pole electric machine adopts the 6N/4N electrode structure of internal rotor, and stator poles is 6N, and rotor number of poles is 4N, N is natural number, represents unit motor number.Because rotor number of poles is less, rotating speed is high, and motor adopts larger slenderness ratio to improve power of motor usually, and this motor is very suitable as aviation start-generator.Also the motor of higher slenderness ratio is needed at the oil field motor-pumped well and quick rotating speed response occasion etc. of some special application scenario such as slender space, and these leptosomatic motors not easily rule during fabrication, not easy heat radiation during operation, therefore utilizes the slender type motor of the high reliability development of new of double salient-pole electric machine to have important practical value.
In current existing technology, most study be the double salient-pole electric machine of three-phase 6N/4N structure.Also some other new-type double salient-pole electric machines are had to study, the Chinese invention patent such as announced: the double salient-pole electric machine of three-phase 6K/4 (N+1) K structure, application number: 200710191018.4, discloses a kind of double salient-pole electric machine of novel rotor number of poles coupling.Application number is the Chinese invention patent of 201010560410.3: the mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T of axial excitation, disclose the mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T of three kinds of axial excitations, this motor can adopt axial excitation winding and axial magnetized permanent magnetic steel to provide the scheme of excitation; Or adopt axial excitation winding and non axial magnetised permanent magnets to provide the scheme of excitation; Also or adopt the excitation winding of axial magnetized permanent magnetic steel and radial battery to provide the scheme of excitation.Application number is the Chinese invention patent of 201010592364: the double salient-pole electric machine of axial excitation, disclose the double salient-pole electric machine of two kinds of axial excitations, described two kinds of motors include at least two double-salient-pole monomer structures by axially-aligned, the stator core of each monomer structure of motor forms magnetic circuit by stator shaft orientation magnetic conduction back iron, and rotor core forms magnetic circuit by rotor axial magnetic conduction back iron; Stator core, stator shaft orientation magnetic conduction back iron and permanent magnetic steel are 2n(n is natural number) convex structure of individual decile.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved:
The present invention is intended to the doubly-salient brushless DC generator with slender structure proposing a kind of each phase axial distribution, both as generator operation, can run again as starter.
Technical scheme:
In order to realize above function, the invention provides a kind of doubly-salient brushless DC generator of axial distribution, comprise stator core, rotor core, axle 2, position transducer, field element and armature winding, stator core and rotor core adopt salient pole type structure, stator core is sleeved on axle 2 at interior, rotor core outside, end is provided with electric motor end cap 4, is provided with motor housing 15 outside rotor core; It is characterized in that:
This number of motor phases is m, m is natural number, and the stator poles of every phase motor and rotor pole, along motor shaft to equidistant correspondence distribution, form the sub-motor of m axial distribution;
Having gap for installing armature winding between stator poles on axial direction, the stator poles of each sub-motor and rotor number of poles are all 2n, and n is the unit motor number that natural number represents this sub-motor;
Differ 360 °/2nm mechanical angle between the rotor pole of each sub-motor, stator poles is circumferentially alignd at motor with corresponding rotor pole;
The stator poles of each sub-motor is wound with centralized armature winding respectively, and the outside of armature winding is provided with field element 6 near circumference place, in a circumferential direction total 2n field element 6.
Described field element 6 is excitation winding, and adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of each stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place.
Described field element 6 is permanent magnet, and in the yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase, motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of doubly salient permanent magnet motor or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
Described field element 6 comprises excitation winding and permanent magnet, and adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of every phase stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place; In yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase; Motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
Beneficial effect:
The doubly-salient brushless DC generator with slender structure of a kind of axial distribution that the present invention proposes, both as generator operation, can run as starter again.Its each phase magnetic circuit is completely independent, and achieve the Magnetic isolation of each phase, heat isolation and physical isolation, fault freedom is good; The distribution of stator radial load is wide, and radial strain is less, and noise is low; Excitation winding path is short, excitation efficiency advantages of higher.
Each phase distributes in the axial direction, is applicable to slender type motor.The DSEM motor phase windings number of turn is few, and therefore phase winding tip lengths is few, and motor shaft upwards space availability ratio is high.
Each phase rotor is identical, is easy to modularized production and maintenance; Each punching is identical and position angle is different, and energy rapid-assembling becomes the motor of the various number of phases, achieves the modularization that design of electrical motor is produced; If N-phase electric machine one phase is damaged, by changing stator or rotor position angle, even N-1 phase motor can be become fast.
The same position of conventional motors radial load is circumferentially distributed in two positions, and stator is easily deformed into ellipse.The distribution of this motor radial load is more extensive, and stator radial strain is less.And overcome conventional motors in order to improve power adopt comparatively multi-pole time, internal rotor space can not get the defect effectively utilized.
Stator respectively aligns, and excitation winding is only across a stator poles, and coil is short.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described:
The drawing in side sectional elevation that Fig. 1 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution provided by the invention when being 3;
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of the doubly-salient brushless DC generator sub-motor of three-phase axial distribution provided by the invention;
The rotor graphics that Fig. 3 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution provided by the invention when being 3;
Each phase inductance figure that Fig. 4 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution provided by the invention when being 3;
The six phase rotor position views that Fig. 5 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution provided by the invention when being 6;
The three-phase side sectional view that Fig. 6 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of magneto axial distribution provided by the invention when being 3;
The three-phase side sectional view that Fig. 7 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of composite excitation formula of the present invention each phase axial distribution when being 3;
Wherein: 1. bearing; 2. axle; 3. position transducer; 4. electric motor end cap; 5.A phase armature winding; 6. excitation winding; The rotor core of 7.A phase; The stator core of 8.A phase; 9.B phase armature winding; 10. B phase rotor core; The stator core of 11.B phase; 12. C phase armature winding; 13. C phase rotor cores; The stator core of 14.C phase; 15. motor housings; A. A phase armature winding; B. B phase armature winding; C. C phase armature winding; F. excitation winding; PM. permanent magnet.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of doubly-salient brushless DC generator of axial distribution, for making object of the present invention, clearly, clearly, and the present invention is described in more detail with reference to accompanying drawing examples for technical scheme and effect.Should be appreciated that concrete enforcement described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of doubly-salient brushless DC generator of axial distribution, comprise stator core, rotor core, axle 2, position transducer, field element and armature winding, stator core and rotor core adopt salient pole type structure, stator core is sleeved on axle 2 at interior, rotor core outside, end is provided with electric motor end cap 4, is provided with motor housing 15 outside rotor core; It is characterized in that:
This number of motor phases is m, m is natural number, and the stator poles of every phase motor and rotor pole, along motor shaft to equidistant correspondence distribution, form the sub-motor of m axial distribution;
Having gap for installing armature winding between stator poles on axial direction, the stator poles of each sub-motor and rotor number of poles are all 2n, and n is the unit motor number that natural number represents this sub-motor;
Differ 360 °/2nm mechanical angle between the rotor pole of each sub-motor, stator poles is circumferentially alignd at motor with corresponding rotor pole;
The stator poles of each sub-motor is wound with centralized armature winding respectively, and the outside of armature winding is provided with field element 6 near circumference place, in a circumferential direction total 2n field element 6.
Described field element 6 is excitation winding, and adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of each stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place.
Embodiment 1
Drawing in side sectional elevation when the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution is as shown in Figure 13, described motor comprises 3 stator cores, 8,11 and 14,3 rotor cores 7,10 and 13,3 armature winding 5,9 and 12, excitation winding 6, electric motor end cap 4, motor housing 15, axle 2, bearing 1 and position transducers 3.Described electric machine stator iron is divided into A phase stator core 8, B phase stator core 11 and C phase stator core 14 3 independently part, electric machine rotor iron core is divided into A phase rotor core 7, B phase rotor core 10 and C phase rotor core 13 3 independently part, each phase stator core and rotor core are along motor shaft to equidistantly distributing, certain interval is had in the axial direction for installing armature winding between each phase stator core, each phase stator core is fixed in motor housing 15, electric motor end cap 4 is fixed on motor housing 15 two ends, axle 2 is located by the bearing 1 in two electric motor end caps 4, the rotor core be fixed on axle 2 can be driven to rotate.
The side sectional view of three-phase sub-motor when the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of the three-phase axial distribution of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 is 3.This motor stator pole and rotor pole adopt salient pole type structure, and each phase sub-motor stator poles and rotor number of poles are 4 poles; A phase rotor core 7 circumferentially differs 360 °/2nm=30 ° with B phase rotor core 10 and C phase rotor core 13 at motor, the stator poles of A phase stator core 8, B phase stator core 11 and C phase stator core 14 is circumferentially alignd at motor, and the A phase armature winding 5 that 4 stator poles of each phase sub-motor are wound around respectively, B phase armature winding 9 and C phase armature winding 12 is concentratred winding; A total excitation winding 6 is wound with outside the stator poles of axially 3 alignment, 4 excitation winding 6 turn to 2 S poles and 2 N poles in a circumferential direction, adjacent excitation winding 6 polarity is contrary, and the coiling direction of 4 armature winding of every phase stator core is consistent with excitation winding coiling direction.The double salient-pole electric machine radial load of tradition 6/4 structure is distributed in two positions, and radial strain is large; Motor radial load of the present invention is distributed in four positions, and radial strain is little.
The rotor graphics that Fig. 3 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of the present invention's each phase axial distribution when being 3.Rotor pole adopts salient pole type structure, and each phase rotor pole circumferentially differs 30 ° at motor.Electric machine rotor iron core can be formed by stacking by the silicon steel sheet of identical punching.
Each phase inductance figure that Fig. 4 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of the present invention's each phase axial distribution when being 3.As can be seen from the figure, a phase inductance has another phase inductance reducing with identical ratio while increase, and therefore, the self-induction of the excitation winding that motor is total is substantially constant, and the location torque of motor is less.Its torque exported is mainly magnetic torque.
Embodiment 2
Described field element 6 also can be permanent magnet, and in the yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase, motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of doubly salient permanent magnet motor or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.The side sectional view of Fig. 6 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of magneto of the present invention each phase axial distribution when being 3 three-phase sub-motor.The doubly-salient brushless DC generator of the magneto three-phase axial distribution shown in Fig. 6, its excitation winding is all replaced by permanent magnet, be provided with permanent magnet between four stator poles of i.e. every phase motor, motor can utilize the single-phase powered-on mode of doubly salient permanent magnet motor or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
The rotor position view of Fig. 5 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of axial distribution of the present invention when being 6 six phase sub-motors.Each phase stator poles is circumferentially alignd at motor, each phase stator poles is wound around respectively A phase, B phase, C phase, D phase, E phase and G phase six phase armature winding, be wound with a total excitation winding outside the stator poles of axially 6 alignment, six phase rotor poles circumferentially differ 360 °/4m=15 ° at motor.The doubly-salient brushless DC generator operation principle of six phase axial distribution shown in Fig. 5 and three similar, its difference is, by increasing the number of phases, improve the fault-tolerant ability of motor and reduce commutation torque ripple.
Embodiment 3
Described field element 6 also can be that excitation winding and permanent magnet are used in combination, and adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of every phase stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place; In yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase; Motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.The side sectional view of Fig. 7 is the doubly-salient brushless DC generator number of phases of composite excitation formula of the present invention each phase axial distribution when being 3 three-phase sub-motor.The doubly-salient brushless DC generator of the composite excitation formula three-phase axial distribution shown in Fig. 7, the existing excitation winding of its field element also has permanent magnet, and motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
Machine operation principle is:
Because each sub-motor stator in Fig. 2 is alignment, and rotor differs 30 ° of mechanical angles, the phase 120 ° of electrical degrees therefore between each phase.This is consistent with traditional three-phase doubly-salient brushless DC generator.
This motor excitation winding alives, now can set up magnetic field at motor internal, the magnetic flux of generation forms closed-loop path by through the stator yoke of each phase, stator teeth, air-gap, rotor teeth portion, rotor yoke.
Motor both can as generator operation, again can as motor running, when motor is can utilize the single-phase powered-on mode of electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine or the work of two-phase powered-on mode during motor-operation.
For conventional two-phase powered-on mode work, its electric operation principle is described.Threephase armature winding connects three brachium pontis mid points of three-phase full bridge converters respectively, signal controlling six power tube conductings that controller detects according to position transducer and shutoff.When certain phase stator poles engages with rotor pole, pass to forward current mutually to this; When certain phase stator poles and rotor pole depart from, pass to negative current mutually to this, motor can external Driving Torque.
During generator operation: prime mover drives this motor to rotate in certain direction, the magnetic linkage of threephase armature winding linkage changes along with rotor-position and changes, thus produces the induced potential of three-phase alternation.When it is as DC generator, supply various electrical load by external three-phase full bridge converters rectification DC power output or to charge in batteries.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, and all these change or replace the protection range that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the doubly-salient brushless DC generator of an axial distribution, comprise stator core, rotor core, axle (2), position transducer, field element and armature winding, stator core and rotor core adopt salient pole type structure, stator core is sleeved on axle (2) at interior, rotor core outside, end is provided with electric motor end cap (4), is provided with motor housing (15) outside rotor core; It is characterized in that:
This number of motor phases is m, m is natural number, and the stator poles of every phase motor and rotor pole, along motor shaft to equidistant correspondence distribution, form the sub-motor of m axial distribution;
Having gap for installing armature winding between stator poles on axial direction, the stator poles of each sub-motor and rotor number of poles are all 2n, and n is the unit motor number that natural number represents this sub-motor;
Differ 360 °/2nm mechanical angle between the rotor pole of each sub-motor, stator poles is circumferentially alignd at motor with corresponding rotor pole;
The stator poles of each sub-motor is wound with centralized armature winding respectively, and the outside of armature winding is provided with field element (6) near circumference place, in a circumferential direction total 2n field element (6).
2. the doubly-salient brushless DC generator of a kind of axial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described field element (6) is excitation winding, adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of each stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place.
3. the doubly-salient brushless DC generator of a kind of axial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described field element (6) is permanent magnet, in yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase, motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of doubly salient permanent magnet motor or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
4. the doubly-salient brushless DC generator of a kind of axial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described field element (6) comprises excitation winding and permanent magnet, adjacent excitation winding is around on the contrary, and the coiling direction of the armature winding of every phase stator poles is consistent with the excitation winding coiling direction in the stator poles of place; In yoke between each stator poles that permanent magnet is arranged on every phase; Motor utilizes the single-phase powered-on mode of mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T or the work of two-phase powered-on mode.
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| CN201510010748.4A CN104578661B (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2015-01-09 | A kind of doubly-salient brushless DC generator of axially distribution |
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