CN104578656A - Small off-network type winding changing permanent magnet breeze generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a small off-grid variable winding permanent magnet breeze generator, which is composed of a rotor, a stator and a variable winding control device. The rotor transmits the mechanical energy obtained by the wind energy converted by the fan to the stator through the magnetic field, and the stator converts it into electrical energy and transmits it to the load, eliminating the need for a speed change device, and the rotor is directly connected to the fan; wherein, the rotor structure adopts an outer rotor structure , the rotor is directly integrated with the fan structure. The stator is a slanted slot stator structure, and its winding is a variable number of windings. The winding coils are fixed in the stator slots, and multiple winding coils are wound separately and connected in series to change the number of windings connected to the generator. By changing the winding The number of coils is connected to control the running state of the generator; the variable winding control device adopts a relay control mode, and a plurality of relays are respectively connected between adjacent winding coils in the plurality of coils; and a relay controller is used for output connection On and off the control signal to change the number of windings of the motor coil. The invention can adapt to start-up and power generation under low wind speed, and can maintain normal operation and meet load power supply requirements under different wind conditions and changing loads.

Description

A small off-grid variable-winding permanent magnet breeze generator

technical field

The invention relates to a small off-grid multi-winding permanent magnet breeze generator, a small off-grid independent power supply, capable of starting and generating power at low wind speeds, and a permanent magnet generator based on the principle of multi-winding conversion control, belonging to Wind power field and motor field.

Background technique

Today, with increasing energy consumption and increasingly serious environmental pollution, wind energy, as a renewable green energy, has become an energy that is generally valued by countries all over the world. Wind energy is the kinetic energy of the air, and it is the fastest-growing clean energy among renewable energy sources. An energy source with large-scale development and commercial development prospects, the magnitude of wind energy depends on wind speed and air density. The world's wind energy is approx., of which the available wind energy is , which is 10 times larger than the total amount of water energy that can be developed and utilized on the earth.

China is very rich in wind resources. According to the data of the National Meteorological Administration, the total reserves of wind energy resources 10 meters above the ground in my country are about , of which the onshore wind energy reserves that can be developed and utilized are , the wind energy resource at a height of 50 meters is twice as high as that at a height of 10 meters, which is about 500,000 MW. Offshore wind energy reserves that can be developed and utilized are . There is an obvious gap between my country's wind power technology and foreign countries, and the growth rate of wind turbines is obviously not as good as that of foreign countries.

Statistics from relevant authoritative organizations in the world show that the world's average wind speed is decreasing year by year, so the study of small wind turbines that adapt to the breeze is in line with the development trend and is of great significance. my country is very rich in wind energy resources, and the low wind energy utilization area accounts for 68% of my country's land area. If the breeze power generation technology is used reasonably and applied to these low wind energy areas and areas with rich wind energy, the annual power generation can be increased compared with traditional wind turbines Time 1000 hours. The start-up wind speed of the breeze generator is above 1m/s, and the wind speed of power generation is 2m/s. It can do "light wind start, breeze power generation". The two values of traditional wind turbines are 3.5m/s and 4.2m/s respectively, which greatly improves the utilization rate of wind energy.

Small off-grid wind turbines are more flexible in application, in remote mountainous areas far away from the power grid, in residential areas of nomadic life, as well as municipal lighting, power supply for communication base stations, and night lighting power supply for billboards beside highways. However, wind power generators are different from hydropower generators and thermal power generators. Due to the poor continuity of wind power and large changes in wind speed, the corresponding output speed and torque of wind energy conversion devices will also vary greatly. Jobs change frequently. At the same time, wind turbines generally operate outdoors, and the impact of the environment is relatively large. The requirements for their working stability are relatively high, and their own maintenance is relatively important. In terms of maintenance methods, the requirements are simple, convenient and fast.

Contents of the invention

The patent of the present invention relates to a small off-grid variable-winding permanent magnet breeze generator, which can meet the needs of starting power generation at low wind speeds and adapting to different wind conditions, and at the same time can meet the changing load power consumption in the off-grid state Require.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the small off-grid variable winding permanent magnet breeze generator according to the present invention includes a rotor, a stator, and a variable winding control device. The rotor structure adopts an outer rotor structure, and the motor shell is connected with the fan structure. The stator is a skewed stator structure, its windings are multi-windings, and the number of windings can be changed; the stator is fixed on the fan frame through the main shaft. The variable winding control device adopts a relay control mode.

For each part of the present invention, the following descriptions are arranged:

The generator structure of the present invention adopts an outer rotor structure according to the design requirements of the magnetic field and heat dissipation requirements. In a traditional generator, the stator is outside, and the rotor rotates to generate power. The outer rotor generator is the opposite structure, the stator is in the middle of the motor, and the rotor is outside. The rotor enlarges the inner wall of the rotor and increases the magnetic area, thereby increasing the number of magnetic poles. When the outer rotor of the generator rotates, the magnetic poles are squeezed outward due to the centrifugal force of the rotation, which increases the magnetic gap between the stator and the rotor, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the motor.

The generator uses permanent magnets as the magnetic field source, no excitation structure is required, and the internal structure of the generator is simplified. The outer rotor generator can fix the outer rotor structure of the generator on the fan structure, so that the fan and the generator are directly integrated, and the rotor and the blades are connected together. The stator rotates outside, which has the advantages of compact structure, space saving, and exquisite design. The motor is installed in the middle of the impeller to achieve the maximum cooling effect on the motor itself, so it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low noise, and convenient installation and maintenance.

The stator includes a motor stator shaft, a stator chute, and a multi-winding coil. The stator of the motor is connected to the main shaft of the fan and fixed on the main frame structure of the fan; the stator chute structure weakens the additional torque and noise caused by the tooth harmonics, and at the same time cooperates with the rotor magnetic field to generate electricity; the winding coil is fixed in the stator slot, multiple The winding coils are individually wound and connected in series to vary the number of generator windings. By adjusting the number of winding coils connected, the magnetic resistance between the stator and rotor inside the motor can be reduced, and the generator can be started in a breeze. At the same time, the generator can be controlled to adapt to different wind speeds and load changes by adjusting the number of windings.

The variable winding control device adopts the relay control mode. A plurality of relays are respectively connected between adjacent coils among the plurality of coils; and a relay controller is used to output on-off control signals to change the number of windings of the generator coils. The wind speed detector and the generator speed detector in the wind power generation system detect the wind speed and speed, and the load power detector detects the load power. The relay controller calculates the number of stator windings corresponding to the generator stator according to the above data, and controls the relay To control the number of windings connected to realize real-time control of the generator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer rotor of the generator.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of the variable winding control device.

Detailed ways

A preferred example of the present invention is: Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a small off-grid variable winding permanent magnet breeze generator of the present invention is composed of a rotor, a stator and a variable winding control device. The rotor (2) structure is installed on the fan structure (1), so that the wind turbine and the generator are integrated, and the permanent magnet (3) is installed inside the rotor (2) using a radial installation method; the generator stator (4 ) is connected to the main shaft (6) and fixed together with the frame as a whole. The surface of the stator (4) is evenly distributed with stator chute (5), and a plurality of coil windings (7) connected in series are fixed inside it. The stator winding (7) Connect the variable winding control device (8), the variable winding control device (8) adopts the mode of relay control, and a plurality of relays (9) are respectively connected between the adjacent coils in the plurality of coils; the relay controller uses It is used to output on-off control signals to change the number of winding coils connected to the generator. In addition, in order to reduce the iron loss of the generator, the stator (4) is formed by laminating cold-rolled silicon steel sheets.

The present invention adopts the outer rotor structure, the rotor is placed outside the stator to rotate, the stator is fixed on the fan frame through the main shaft, and the outer rotor shell of the generator is directly installed on the fairing and blades of the wind turbine structure, so that the wind turbine and The integration of the generator saves the transmission and connecting device between the wind turbine and the generator, thereby simplifying the structure of the wind turbine and improving the reliability of the wind power generation system. The permanent magnet is used as the magnetic field source on the rotor of the present invention, and the permanent magnet is installed in a radial structure on the inner wall of the rotor, so that the mechanism of the generator is more compact. In the present invention, the stator winding is placed in the stator chute, and the chute structure is used to weaken the additional torque and noise caused by the tooth harmonics, and at the same time, it can better cooperate with the rotor magnetic field to generate electricity. In the present invention, a variable multi-winding structure controlled by a relay is adopted. The wind speed detector and the generator speed detector in the wind power generation system detect the wind speed and the rotating speed, and the load power detector detects the load power and the output voltage at the same time. The above data calculates the number of stator windings corresponding to the stator of the generator, and controls the number of connected windings by controlling the relay to realize real-time control of the generator. This can also reduce the important disadvantage of the permanent magnet generator. Poor output voltage stability The impact of the problem, while reducing the impact of the poor stability of the working voltage of the wind turbine at different wind speeds, so that the output voltage is more stable.

Claims (4)

1. a small off-grid formula becomes winding permanent magnet gentle breeze-driven generator, it is by rotor (2), stator (4) and change winding control device (8) composition, it is characterized in that: described generator amature (2) structure is fixed on blower fan structure (1), synchronous rotary thereupon, permanent magnet (3) is arranged on rotor (2) in a radial manner, generator is that stator (4) is fixed on stator main shaft (6), the surperficial uniform skewed stator slot (5) of stator (4) of generator, its internal fixtion has the multiple coil windings (7) be mutually connected in series, multiple coil windings is connected respectively to and becomes on winding control device (8), become winding control device (8) and control generator windings transformation of variables, normally run to control generator, meet load supplying requirement.

2. small off-grid formula according to claim 1 becomes winding permanent magnet gentle breeze-driven generator, it is characterized in that: described rotor (2) structure adopts outer-rotor structure, rotor (2) structure is directly fixed on blower fan structure (1), and permanent magnet (3) adopts the installation method of radial to be arranged on the inside of rotor (2).

3. small off-grid formula according to claim 1 becomes winding permanent magnet gentle breeze-driven generator, it is characterized in that: described stator (4) is oblique slot type stator structure, its winding coil (7) is solid in skewed stator slot (5), multiple winding coil is wound around respectively and is mutually connected in series, and winding access variable amounts changes.

4. small off-grid formula according to claim 1 becomes winding permanent magnet gentle breeze-driven generator, it is characterized in that: described change winding control device (8) adopts the mode of Control, and multiple relay (9) is connected between the adjacent windings in multiple coil; Relay-operated controller, for exporting on-off control signal, to change the winding wire number of turns of generator access.