CN104578295B - A kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method - Google Patents

A kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104578295B
CN104578295B CN201410855832.1A CN201410855832A CN104578295B CN 104578295 B CN104578295 B CN 104578295B CN 201410855832 A CN201410855832 A CN 201410855832A CN 104578295 B CN104578295 B CN 104578295B
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electrokinetic cell
temperature
fan
heater
battery
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CN104578295A (en
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王丁磊
牟其勇
赵迎宾
金佺良
张红昌
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POTEVIO NEW ENERGY CO Ltd
POTEVIO NEW ENERGY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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POTEVIO NEW ENERGY CO Ltd
POTEVIO NEW ENERGY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • H02J7/0091
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method, and the heating system includes:Battery management unit, off-board charger, heater and fan;Wherein:Battery management unit, for detecting the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell and controlling the running status of off-board charger, heater and fan;Off-board charger, is connected with battery management unit, for power battery charging;Heater, is connected with battery management unit, for being heated to electrokinetic cell;Fan, is connected with battery management unit, for adjusting the thermal cycle inside electrokinetic cell.Start internal thermal cycle fan after the present invention enters low temperature charge mode, improve whole battery case internal heat dissipating efficiency, and make inside battery heat more uniform, increased battery ambient temperature uniformity, and the low-temperature charging heating time is largely shortened using staged charge power, with very strong practical application.

Description

A kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method
Technical field
Safely and fast filled at low temperature the present invention relates to charging electric vehicle field, more particularly to a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery The heating system and method for electricity.
Background technology
In recent years, due to the discharge capacity of energy saving and reduction carbon dioxide the advantages of, the research of electric automobile and application are made A focus as auto industry.But with the fast development of electric automobile, the extensive use of lithium ion battery, some phases Pass problem is also exposed therewith, especially battery low temperature charging problems.
The factor for restricting lithium ion battery cryogenic property includes:(1) the low ionic conductivity of electrolyte and SEI films;(2) it is low With the carrying out of circulation, SEI film progressive additives under temperature;(3) graphite cathode easily polarizes.So negative pole charges under cryogenic Ability to accept is poor, charge efficiency is low, shorten battery and also there is certain potential safety hazard.
But the prior art low-temperature charging heating method radiating uneven and firing rate slower duration is more long, this Invention provides radiating uniform charging heating system and heating means safely and fast under a kind of cryogenic conditions.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method, uses To solve the relatively slow long-term problem of the uneven and firing rate of low-temperature charging heating method radiating in the prior art.
The technical scheme is that a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system is provided, including:Battery management Unit, off-board charger, heater and fan;Wherein:
The off-board charger, is connected with the battery management unit, for the power battery charging;
The heater, is connected with the battery management unit, for being heated to the electrokinetic cell;
Battery management unit, for detect electrokinetic cell multi-point temp and control the off-board charger, it is described plus The running status of hot device and the fan;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the heater is only carried out to the electrokinetic cell Heating;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, the heater and the non-car Carry charger the electrokinetic cell is heated and charged simultaneously respectively, input voltage staged increases, charge requirement electric current It is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, the heater and the non-car Carry charger the electrokinetic cell is heated and charged simultaneously respectively, input voltage is the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit Value, charge requirement electric current staged increases;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, charged into normal charge mode or closing low temperature Pattern and fan, switch into normal charge mode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heater is ptc heater.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fan is thermal cycle fan, is connected with the battery management unit, for adjusting Control the thermal cycle inside the electrokinetic cell.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the interface of the off-board charger is direct-current charging interface.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrokinetic cell is in parallel with the ptc heater.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ptc heater is placed in the inlet side of the thermal cycle fan.
The present invention also provides a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method, and specific steps include:
Detect the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the electrokinetic cell is heated;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, to the electrokinetic cell simultaneously Heated and charged, input voltage staged is increased, charge requirement electric current is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, to the electrokinetic cell simultaneously Heated and charged, input voltage is the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit value, charge requirement electric current staged is increased;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, charged into normal charge mode or closing low temperature Pattern and fan, switch into normal charge mode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature be less than switching threshold T1, input voltage with The difference of cell voltage is 1V.
Start internal thermal cycle fan after the present invention enters low temperature charge mode, improve whole battery case inside and dissipate The thermal efficiency, and make inside battery heat more uniform, battery ambient temperature uniformity is increased, and charge using staged Power largely shortens the low-temperature charging heating time, with very strong practical application.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings Accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is heretofore described low-temperature charging heating systematic schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is heretofore described low-temperature charging heating system circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of heretofore described Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating.
Fig. 4 is heretofore described low-temperature charging heating system fan radiating principle figure.
Specific embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this hair Bright embodiment is described in further details.Here, schematic description and description of the invention is used to explain the present invention, but simultaneously It is not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is heretofore described low-temperature charging heating systematic schematic diagram, the Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system System, including:Battery management unit 2, off-board charger 1, heater 4 and fan 5;Wherein:
The off-board charger 1, is connected with the battery management unit 2, for being charged to the electrokinetic cell 3;
The heater 4, is connected with the battery management unit 2, for being heated to the electrokinetic cell 3;
Battery management unit 2, for detecting the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell 3 and controlling the off-board charger 1, described The running status of heater 4 and the fan 5;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the heater only enters to the electrokinetic cell 3 Row heating;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, the heater 4 and described non- Vehicular charger 1 is heated and charged simultaneously to the electrokinetic cell 3 respectively, and input voltage staged increases, charge requirement Electric current is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, the heater and the non-car Carry charger 1 electrokinetic cell 3 is heated and charged simultaneously respectively, input voltage is the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit Value, charge requirement electric current staged increases;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, charged into normal charge mode or closing low temperature Pattern and fan, switch into normal charge mode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heater 4 is ptc heater.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fan 5 is thermal cycle fan, is connected with the battery management unit 2, is used for Regulate and control the thermal cycle inside the electrokinetic cell 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the interface of the off-board charger 1 is direct-current charging interface.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrokinetic cell 3 is in parallel with the ptc heater.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ptc heater is placed in the inlet side of the thermal cycle fan.
Start internal thermal cycle fan after the present invention enters low temperature charge mode, improve whole battery case inside and dissipate The thermal efficiency, and make inside battery heat more uniform, battery ambient temperature uniformity is increased, and charge using staged Power largely shortens the low-temperature charging heating time, with very strong practical application.
With reference to being specifically described to the present invention as a example by a Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system, but It is worth noting that the specific embodiment merely to preferably describe the present invention, do not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, the heating system includes:Off-board charger 1, battery management unit 2, the heating of electrokinetic cell 3, PTC Device 4, fan 5, wherein, off-board charger 1 is connected with battery management unit 2, for being charged to electrokinetic cell 3;PTC is heated Device 4, is connected with battery management unit 2, for being heated to electrokinetic cell 3;Battery management unit 2, for detecting electrokinetic cell 3 Multi-point temp simultaneously controls the running status of off-board charger 1, ptc heater 4 and fan 5, specifically, battery management unit 2 are connected with electrokinetic cell 3, and the parameters of electrokinetic cell 3 are detected and managed, including battery temperature, battery cell electricity Pressure and total voltage etc., battery management unit 2 is also attached with ptc heater 4, for controlling whether ptc heater 4 heats, And change the heating-up temperature of ptc heater 4 according to different temperature adjustment charge informations;Ptc heater 4 is placed in fan 5 Inlet side, fan 5 is placed in the inside diagonally opposing corner both sides of electrokinetic cell 3, after electrokinetic cell 3 is in parallel with ptc heater 4 with it is off-board Charger 1 is connected.
When heating system enters working condition, as electrokinetic cell minimum temperature T<During T0, into low temperature charge mode, this When, off-board charger 1 carries out communication and is connected with battery management unit 2, and off-board charger 1 receives battery management unit 2 Send after charge requirement information (including charge requirement electric current and input voltage), wherein, when charge requirement electric current refers to that battery charges The electric current of required charger supply.Off-board charger 1 charges and heats to electrokinetic cell 3, after design temperature is reached Stop heating;While being heated to electrokinetic cell, start fan, fan uses battery heat dissipation wind channel, the shape after fan is started Into internal gas flow circulation;The heat that ptc heater is produced is carried out into internal thermal cycle, overall temperature rise speed is farthest improved And greatly improve battery ambient temperature uniformity.
Fig. 4 is heretofore described low-temperature charging heating system fan radiating principle figure, wherein, battery management system (Battery Management System, abbreviation BMS) detects each temperature acquisition point temperature of electrokinetic cell 3, battery management system Connection fan 5, control fan 5 repeat circuit disconnects or connects, and ptc heater 4 is placed in the inlet side of fan 5, and fan 5 is placed in Battery bag inside diagonally opposing corner both sides, after low temperature charge mode is entered, start fan 5 and use the radiation air of electrokinetic cell 3 Road, forms internal gas flow circulation after fan 5 is started, and the heat that ptc heater 4 is produced carries out internal thermal cycle, maximum journey The raising entirety of degree and greatly improves battery ambient temperature uniformity at temperature rise speed.
It is illustrated in figure 2 the circuit theory diagrams of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system, as seen from the figure, I1=I2+ I3, wherein,
I1 is the output current of off-board charger 1, and unit A, I2 are the heated current of ptc heater 4, and unit A, I3 are The charging current of electrokinetic cell 3, unit A.
The present invention also provides a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method,
Detect the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, only the electrokinetic cell is heated;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, to the electrokinetic cell simultaneously Heated and charged, input voltage staged is increased, charge requirement electric current is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, to the electrokinetic cell simultaneously Heated and charged, input voltage is the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit value, charge requirement electric current staged is increased;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, charged into normal charge mode or closing low temperature Pattern and fan, switch into normal charge mode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature be less than switching threshold T1, input voltage with The difference of cell voltage is 1V.
One embodiment flow chart of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method as shown in Figure 3, idiographic flow includes:
S30:Gather each collection point temperature of Vehicular dynamic battery;
When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than 5 DEG C, into low temperature charge mode, wherein
S31:When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than -5 DEG C, input voltage UIt is defeated=UElectricity+ 1V, due to input voltage and battery Terminal voltage pressure difference is limited, and now only ptc heater work, i.e., only heat to the electrokinetic cell;
S32:When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is -5 DEG C~0 DEG C, now Vehicular dynamic battery is heated in charging, it is defeated Enter voltage UIt is defeated=UElectricity+ △ U, △ U are 4V, 6V, 8V, 10V, 12V, and charge requirement electric current is 0.3C (C represents 1h rates rated capacity);
S33:When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is 0 DEG C~5 DEG C, now Vehicular dynamic battery is heated in charging, it is defeated Enter voltage UIt is defeatedIt is the electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit, charge requirement electric current is 0.05C, 0.1C, 0.15C, 0.2C, 0.25C;
S34:When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than 5 DEG C, low-temperature charging heating pattern terminates, and closes thermal cycle fan mould Block, opens normal charge mode.
Specifically, Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method is as follows:
When the minimum temperature T of electrokinetic cell collection point is less than 5 DEG C, into low-temperature charging heating pattern, battery management unit 2 Input voltage and input current information are sent to off-board charger, while opening ptc heater and fan.
Into after low temperature charge mode, minimum temperature T<At -5 DEG C, input voltage UIt is defeated=UElectricity+ 1V, charge requirement electric current is 0.3C, because input voltage and battery terminal voltage pressure difference are limited, now only ptc heater work;
When electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is in -5 DEG C~0 DEG C, input voltage UIt is defeated=UElectricity+ △ U (consider that staged increases pressure Difference, △ U are 4V, 6V, 8V, 10V, 12V), charge requirement electric current is 0.3C, and now charge mode in charging to heat, but fills Electric current is smaller.As shown in table 1, when electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is -5 DEG C~0 DEG C, UIt is defeated=UElectricity(△ U are input voltage to+△ U And the difference of cell voltage), it is considered to staged increase input voltage, with the rising of temperature, △ U values be followed successively by 4V, 6V, 8V, 10V, 12V, charge requirement electric current are 0.3C, that is to say, that as battery temperature is raised, and also staged increases input voltage, fills Electric demand current is constant, and charging current increases therewith, and charge rate increases.
Due to this phase temperature than relatively low still below 0 DEG C, although be now the heating mode in charging, but still Based on heating, therefore charging current is smaller, but electric current is also gradually increasing, and so both ensure that low temperature charging security, while Gradually increase charging current, the charging interval is reduced to a certain extent.
Table 1
Temperature/DEG C Input voltage (unit V) Charge requirement electric current (unit A)
-5℃≤T<-4℃ U (electricity)+4 0.3C
-4℃≤T<-3℃ U (electricity)+6 0.3C
-3℃≤T<-2℃ U (electricity)+8 0.3C
-2℃≤T<-1℃ U (electricity)+10 0.3C
-1℃≤T<0℃ U (electricity)+12 0.3C
The charge requirement electric current of low-temperature charging heating system when being as shown in table 20 DEG C~5 DEG C for electrokinetic cell minimum temperature With input voltage table, now also to be heated in charging, charge requirement current value increases charge mode with the rising of temperature, its In, charge requirement electric current is 0.05C, 0.1C, and 0.15C, 0.2C, 0.25C, input voltage are the electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit, with Temperature rising, charge requirement electric current staged increases, and charging current also increases, and heated current is with the terminal voltage liter of ptc heater 4 Height gradually increases.
This stage gradually rises with temperature, and also staged increases charging current, on the premise of cell safety is ensured The charging interval is substantially reduced, CSAT is increased.
Table 2
Temperature/DEG C Input voltage (unit V) Charge requirement electric current (unit A)
0℃≤T<1℃ The electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit 0.05C
1℃≤T<2℃ The electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit 0.1C
2℃≤T<3℃ The electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit 0.15C
3℃≤T<4℃ The electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit 0.2C
4℃≤T<5℃ The electrokinetic cell total voltage upper limit 0.25C
Electrokinetic cell minimum temperature be T >=5 DEG C when, disconnect ptc heater 4, into normal temperature under normal charge mode.
Start internal thermal cycle fan after the present invention enters low temperature charge mode, improve whole battery case inside and dissipate The thermal efficiency, and make inside battery heat more uniform, battery ambient temperature uniformity is increased, and charge using staged Power largely shortens the low-temperature charging heating time, with very strong practical application.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further in detail to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect Describe in detail bright, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the invention, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention Shield scope, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc., should be included in this Within the protection domain of invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system, it is characterised in that including:Battery management unit, off-board fill Motor, heater and fan;Wherein:
The off-board charger, is connected with the battery management unit, for the power battery charging;
The heater, is connected with the battery management unit, for being heated to the electrokinetic cell;
Battery management unit, for detecting the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell and controlling the off-board charger, the heater With the running status of the fan;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the heater is only added to the electrokinetic cell Heat;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, the heater and described off-board fill Motor is heated and charged simultaneously to the electrokinetic cell respectively, and input voltage staged increases, and charge requirement electric current is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, the heater and described off-board fill Motor is heated and charged simultaneously to the electrokinetic cell respectively, and input voltage is the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit value, is filled Electric demand current staged increases;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, into normal charge mode or closing low temperature charge mode And fan, switch into normal charge mode.
2. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the heater is Ptc heater.
3. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the fan is followed for heat Ring fan, is connected with the battery management unit, for regulating and controlling the thermal cycle inside the electrokinetic cell.
4. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the off-board charging The interface of machine is direct-current charging interface.
5. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the electrokinetic cell with The ptc heater is parallel connection.
6. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the ptc heater It is placed in the inlet side of the thermal cycle fan.
7. a kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method, it is characterised in that specific steps include:
Detect the multi-point temp of electrokinetic cell;
When the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than initial threshold T0, into low temperature charge mode, wherein,
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the electrokinetic cell is only heated;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T1~switching threshold T2, the electrokinetic cell is carried out simultaneously Heating and charging, input voltage staged increase, and charge requirement electric current is constant;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is switching threshold T2~initial threshold T0, the electrokinetic cell is carried out simultaneously Heating and charging, input voltage are the electrokinetic cell upper voltage limit value, and charge requirement electric current staged increases;
If the electrokinetic cell minimum temperature is higher than initial threshold T0, into normal charge mode or closing low temperature charge mode And fan, switch into normal charge mode.
8. Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that if the electrokinetic cell When minimum temperature is less than switching threshold T1, the difference of input voltage and cell voltage is 1V.
CN201410855832.1A 2014-12-31 2014-12-31 A kind of Vehicular dynamic battery low-temperature charging heating system and method Active CN104578295B (en)

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CN106696744B (en) * 2017-01-18 2023-09-19 苏州安普特汽车科技有限公司 Charging and heating system and heating method for power battery of electric automobile
CN107878234A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-04-06 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 It is a kind of based on adaptive electrokinetic cell heating means
CN107953795A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-04-24 上海航天电源技术有限责任公司 A kind of power battery pack low-temperature charging method
CN110481385B (en) * 2019-08-14 2022-08-09 郑州日产汽车有限公司 Heating charging method for vehicle-mounted ternary lithium ion power battery
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CN113364081B (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-07-12 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Low-temperature charging method and device
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