CN110154835B - High-energy battery pack heating temperature control system and control method thereof - Google Patents

High-energy battery pack heating temperature control system and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN110154835B
CN110154835B CN201910437917.0A CN201910437917A CN110154835B CN 110154835 B CN110154835 B CN 110154835B CN 201910437917 A CN201910437917 A CN 201910437917A CN 110154835 B CN110154835 B CN 110154835B
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battery pack
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CN110154835A (en
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李明
汤兴旺
朱祥昆
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Jilin University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Transportation (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-energy battery pack heating temperature control system, which comprises: a battery pack remaining capacity detection system for detecting a battery remaining capacity; a battery pack temperature detection system for detecting a battery temperature; a battery pack heating system for heating the battery; the battery pack temperature equalizing system is used for equalizing the temperature of the battery pack; and the controller is connected with and controls the battery pack residual electric quantity detection system. The battery pack temperature detection system and the battery pack heating system can judge the battery heat management mode. The invention ensures good charge and discharge performance of the battery through synergistic action. The invention provides a control method of the heating temperature of a high-energy battery pack, which can quickly heat a battery to a target temperature by utilizing the cooperative control of a temperature control system, can ensure the consistency of the temperature of a single battery and the temperature of a module, and ensures that each part of the battery pack is in a reasonable temperature range when the battery pack works.

Description

High-energy battery pack heating temperature control system and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery thermal management and battery safety, in particular to a high-energy battery pack heating temperature control system and a control method thereof.
Background
The power battery is used as the only power source of the pure electric vehicle, and the service performance of the power battery directly influences the power performance, the endurance mileage and the whole vehicle performance of the vehicle. With the increasing of the energy density of the battery, the requirements of low-temperature quick charge and normal-temperature quick charge are increasing. The quick start of the electric automobile or the quick temperature rise of the battery pack for charging both seriously affect the working efficiency and the safety under the low-temperature condition, damage to the battery is caused, and the cycle service life of the battery pack is affected.
Based on a series of problems of the battery at low temperature, in order to ensure the charge and discharge performance of the battery, avoid the reduction of the cycle service life of the battery and ensure the power performance of the electric automobile, the working temperature of the battery needs to be perfectly controlled.
In order to improve the heating efficiency, a common heating strategy is to heat the battery to a specified temperature by using a heating device at a constant power, although the temperature of some parts of the battery can reach the set target temperature by adopting the method, the temperature distribution of the battery is very uneven due to the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the battery, and for the square battery, the thermal conductivity coefficient vertical to the lamination direction is far smaller than the circumferential thermal conductivity coefficient; for cylindrical cells, the axial thermal conductivity is also much smaller than the circumferential thermal conductivity. During the low-temperature starting and low-temperature quick charging process, the battery has the problem of safety easily caused by uneven temperature distribution of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-energy battery pack heating temperature control system for solving the technical defects at present, and the good charge and discharge performance of a battery is ensured through synergistic action.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the heating temperature of a high-energy battery pack, which can rapidly heat the battery to a target temperature by utilizing the cooperative control of a temperature control system, and can ensure the temperature consistency between the battery cell and the module, so that each part of the battery pack is within a reasonable temperature range when the battery pack is in operation.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a high energy battery pack heating temperature control system comprising:
a battery pack remaining capacity detection system for detecting a battery remaining capacity;
a battery pack temperature detection system for detecting a battery temperature;
a battery pack heating system for heating the battery;
the battery pack temperature equalizing system is used for equalizing the temperature of the battery pack;
and the controller is connected with and controls the battery pack residual electric quantity detection system, the battery pack temperature detection system and the battery pack heating system, and judges the battery thermal management mode.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the battery thermal management mode comprises: the system comprises a charging gun power supply heating mode, a battery advanced temperature equalizing mode and a temperature equalizing mode.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the battery pack heating system adopts a graphene electric heating film for heating.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
and a fan is arranged in the battery pack temperature equalizing system.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
and the battery pack heating system and the temperature equalizing system are both provided with heating controllers.
A high-energy battery pack heating temperature control method, comprising:
the optimum operating temperature interval of the battery is t1～t2The safe temperature difference threshold value of the battery is delta t, and in order to prevent the heating system and the temperature equalizing system from being frequently started when the temperature does not meet the condition, the temperature of the battery pack after passing through the heating system is thAnd t ish＝t1+ α, wherein 1 is not less than α is not less than 5, the temperature difference of the battery pack after passing through the temperature equalizing system is delta thAnd Δ thΔ t- β, wherein 1 is equal to or less than β is equal to or less than 5, when a charging gun is inserted, the power of the battery pack heating system and the power of the temperature equalizing system are both 0, the battery pack temperature detection system detects the battery temperature at the moment, the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the battery are determined, and the BMS in the power battery pack accurately detects the SOC of the battery:
when the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymaxWhen the temperature is more than or equal to delta t, the temperature equalizing mode is started until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜Δth；
When t ismin＜t1、ΔtmaxWhen the temperature is less than or equal to delta t and the residual electric quantity SOC of the battery pack is less than 20 percent, starting a power supply heating mode of a charging gun and continuously detecting the temperature of the single battery, if t is greater than or equal to delta tmin＜thAnd Δ tmaxIf the temperature is more than delta t, starting a temperature equalizing mode; in the temperature equalizing mode, if Δ tmax＜ΔthAnd t ismin＜t1Stopping the temperature equalizing mode, and starting a power supply heating mode of the charging gun; in the charging gun power supply heating mode, when tmin≥thAnd Δ tmax＜ΔthTurning off the power supply heating mode of the charging gun, if tmin＜thAnd Δ tmax＞ΔthClosing the power supply heating mode of the charging gun, and starting the battery to equalize the temperature in advance until tmin≥t1And Δ tmax＜Δth；
When t ismin＜t1And Δ tmax≥ΔthAnd then, starting an early temperature equalizing mode and detecting the temperature of the battery: if tmin≥1t and Δ tmax＜ΔthAnd stopping the battery early temperature equalizing mode.
When t ismin＜t1、ΔtmaxWhen the temperature is less than or equal to delta t and the SOC is more than or equal to 20 percent, starting a battery power supply heating mode, and continuously detecting the temperature of the single battery: if tmin＜thAnd Δ tmaxIf the temperature is more than delta t, starting a temperature equalizing mode; in the temperature equalization mode: if tmin＜t1、Δtmax＜ΔthStopping the temperature equalizing mode and starting the battery power supply heating mode; in the battery powered heating mode: if tmin≥thAnd Δ tmax≤ΔthStopping the battery power supply heating mode; if tmin＜th，Δtmax＞ΔthStopping the battery power supply heating mode, and starting the battery early temperature equalizing mode until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the temperature difference delta t of each part of the single batterymax＜Δth。
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the battery pack residual capacity detection system detects the residual capacity of the battery by adopting a Kalman algorithm filtering algorithm.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
in the power supply heating mode of the charging gun, the power of the heating film is 100w, and the fan does not work;
in the battery power supply heating mode, the power of the heating film is 60w, and the fan does not work;
in the early soaking mode of the battery, the power of the heating film is 60w, and the power of the fan is 300 w;
in the temperature equalization mode, the power of the heating film is 0, and the fan power is 300 w.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: utilize the cooperative work of four devices of group battery temperature detecting system, group battery residual capacity detecting system, group battery heating system and group battery samming system, the minimum temperature and the difference in temperature of control battery guarantee the good charge-discharge performance of battery, and the rational in infrastructure result of use of whole control system is good. The invention can quickly realize that the battery is heated to the target temperature, and can ensure the temperature consistency of the battery monomer and the module, so that each part of the battery pack is in a reasonable temperature range when the battery pack works.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the strategy logic of the control method for the heating temperature of the high-energy battery pack according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a manner in which the graphene heating film heats a battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1, a high-energy battery pack heating temperature control system of the present invention includes: the system comprises a battery pack residual electric quantity (SOC) detection system, a battery pack temperature detection system, a battery pack heating system, a battery pack temperature equalizing system and a controller. The system comprises a battery pack residual capacity (SOC) detection system, a battery pack power control system and a battery pack power control system, wherein the battery pack residual capacity (SOC) detection system is used for detecting the battery residual capacity; the battery pack temperature detection system is used for detecting the temperature of the battery; the battery pack heating system is used for heating the battery; the battery pack temperature equalizing system is used for equalizing the temperature of the battery pack; the controller is connected with and controls the battery pack residual electricity quantity (SOC) detection system, the battery pack temperature detection system and the battery pack heating system, and judges a battery thermal management mode.
The battery thermal management modes as described in table 1 include: the system comprises a charging gun power supply heating mode (working mode I), a battery power supply heating mode (working mode II), a battery advanced temperature equalizing mode (working mode III) and a temperature equalizing mode (working mode IV).
TABLE 1 Battery thermal management modes
Battery thermal management mode Remarks for note
Charging gun power supply heating Working mode one
Battery powered heating Working mode two
Early temperature equalization of battery Working mode three
Temperature equalization Working mode four
In another embodiment, the battery pack heating system employs graphene electrical heating film heating, where graphene electrical heating is added between each column of cells, as shown in fig. 2.
In another embodiment, a fan is arranged in the battery pack temperature equalizing system.
In another embodiment, the battery pack heating system and the temperature equalizing system are both provided with heating controllers.
In another embodiment, the controller (ECU) is connected to a Battery Management System (BMS) which is connected to the battery pack remaining capacity (SOC) detection system, the battery pack temperature detection system, and the battery pack heating system.
The invention provides a high-energy battery pack heating temperature control method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the optimum operating temperature interval of the battery is t1～t2The safe temperature difference threshold value of the battery is delta t, and in order to prevent the heating system and the temperature equalizing system from being frequently started when the temperature does not meet the condition, the temperature of the battery pack after passing through the heating system is thAnd t ish＝t1+ α, wherein 1 is not less than α is not less than 5, the temperature difference of the battery pack after passing through the temperature equalizing system is delta thAnd Δ thDelta t- β, wherein 1 is equal to or less than β is equal to or less than 5, when the charging gun is inserted, the power of the battery pack heating system and the power of the temperature equalizing system are both 0, and the battery pack temperature detection system detects the temperature of the battery and determines the electricityThe minimum temperature of pond and the biggest difference in temperature of battery, BMS in the power battery group accurately detects the SOC of battery:
(1) if the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedmin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymaxAnd the BMS transmits the temperature signal to the ECU at the moment, and a fourth working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started. Up to the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜Δth。
(2) If the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedmin＜t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymaxDelta t is more than or equal to delta t and SOC is less than 20%, at the moment, the charging gun supplies power for heating, and the first working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started. In the heating process, the temperature detection system continuously detects the temperature of the single battery, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundmin＜thTime difference of temperature Δ tmaxAnd when the voltage is more than delta t, the four working modes in the charging thermal management mode are started. If a temperature difference delta t is found in the process of temperature equalizationmax＜ΔthBut at this time the minimum temperature t of the batterymin＜t1Then the temperature equalizing system stops working, starts the first working mode in the charging heat management mode, and after heating for a period of time, if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundmin≥thAnd the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜ΔthIf so, stopping the heating system and the temperature equalizing system; if t is foundmin＜thWhen, Δ tmax＞ΔthAt this moment, the heating system stops heating, and the third working mode is started until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜Δth。
(3) If it starts, the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedmin＜t1Maximum value of temperature difference Δ t at each portion of the unit cellmax≥ΔthImmediately carrying out early temperature equalization on the battery, namely starting a working mode III in a charging thermal management mode, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is found after the temperature is equalized for a period of time in advancemin≥t1And the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜ΔthAnd if so, stopping the operation of the temperature equalizing system, and enabling the temperature of the battery to reach the target requirement.
(4) If the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedmin＜t1Maximum value delta t of temperature difference of each part of single batterymaxDelta t is less than or equal to, and SOC is more than or equal to 20%, at the moment, the battery is heated by self power supply of the battery, namely, a second working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started. In the heating process, the temperature detection system continuously detects the temperature of the single battery, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundmin＜thTime difference of temperature Δ tmaxAnd when the voltage is more than delta t, the four working modes in the charging thermal management mode are started. If the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of the single battery is found in the process of temperature equalizationmax＜ΔthBut at this time the minimum temperature t of the batterymin＜t1And then the temperature equalizing system stops working, a second working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started, and in the battery power supply heating mode: if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundmin≥thAnd the maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax≤ΔthIf so, stopping the heating system to meet the requirement; if t is foundmin＜th，Δtmax＞ΔthStarting a battery early temperature equalizing mode until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the temperature difference delta t of each part of the single batterymax＜Δth。
In a specific embodiment, the battery pack heating system adopts a graphene electric heating film, and the battery pack temperature equalizing system adopts a fan. With graphene electrical heating added between each column of cells as shown in figure 2. The specific control method strategy is shown in fig. 1:
when the charging gun is inserted, the power of the battery pack heating system and the power of the temperature equalizing system are both 0, and the battery pack temperature detection system detects the temperature of the battery and determines the minimum temperature t of the batteryminAnd maximum temperature difference deltat of batterymaxAnd the BMS in the power battery pack detects the SOC of the battery by adopting a Kalman algorithm filtering algorithm.
If the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 5 DEG CmaxAnd at the moment, the BMS transmits a temperature signal to the ECU, and a fourth working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started. Up to the minimum temperature t of the batteryminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 5 DEG Cmax＜4℃。
If the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedminThe maximum value delta t of the temperature difference of each part of the single battery is less than 5 DEG CmaxThe temperature is less than or equal to 8 ℃ and the SOC is less than 20%, at the moment, a charging gun is adopted to supply power and heat, and a first working mode in a charging thermal management mode is started. In the heating process, the temperature detection system continuously detects the temperature of the single battery, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundminMaximum value of temperature difference delta t of less than 8 DEG CmaxBut exceeds 8 c, at which time mode one of the charging thermal management modes is turned off and mode four of the charging thermal management modes is turned on. If a temperature difference delta t is found in the process of temperature equalizationmax< 4 ℃ but at the minimum temperature t of the cellminIf the temperature is less than 5 ℃, the temperature equalizing system stops working, a first working mode in the charging heat management mode is started, and after heating for 5min, if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 8 DEG CmaxIf the temperature is lower than 4 ℃, the heating system stops working; if t is foundminAt < 8 deg.C, the temperature difference DeltatmaxBut is more than or equal to 5 ℃, then the heating system stops heating, and the working mode III is started until the minimum temperature t of the battery cellminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 5 DEG Cmax＜4℃。
If it starts, the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedminLess than 5 ℃, and the maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single batterymaxIf the temperature is more than or equal to 5 ℃, immediately carrying out early temperature equalization on the battery, namely starting a third working mode in the charging thermal management mode, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is found after the temperature is equalized for 5min in advanceminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 5 DEG CmaxAnd (4) stopping the operation of the temperature equalizing system in advance, and enabling the temperature of the battery to reach the target requirement.
If the minimum temperature t of the battery is detectedminAt the temperature of less than 5 ℃ and at the most of each part of the single batteryLarge temperature difference delta tmaxAnd the temperature is less than or equal to 8 ℃, the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, and at the moment, the battery is heated by the battery, namely, a second working mode in the charging thermal management mode is started. In the heating process, the temperature detection system continuously detects the temperature of the single battery, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundminMaximum value of temperature difference delta t of less than 8 DEG CmaxBut exceeds 8 c, at which point the fourth mode of operation in the charging thermal management mode is initiated. If the maximum temperature difference delta t is found in the process of temperature equalizationmax< 4 ℃ but at the minimum temperature t of the cellminIf the temperature is less than 5 ℃, the temperature equalizing system stops working, a second working mode in the charging heat management mode is started, heating is carried out for 5min, and if the minimum temperature t of the battery is foundminThe maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single battery is not less than 8 DEG CmaxStopping the heating system at the temperature of less than or equal to 4 ℃; if t is foundminMaximum value of temperature difference Deltat < 8 DEG CmaxBut is more than or equal to 5 ℃, then the heating system stops heating, and the working mode III is started until the minimum temperature t of the battery cellminNot less than 5 ℃ and the maximum temperature difference delta t of each part of the single batterymax＜4℃。
In this embodiment, the power in each mode state is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Power of heating film and Fan for each Battery charging thermal management mode
Figure BDA0002071125120000071
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. A method for controlling the heating temperature of a high-energy battery pack, comprising:
when the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum temperature difference value △ t of each part of the single batterymaxWhen t is more than or equal to △ t, the temperature equalizing mode is started until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum value △ t of the temperature difference of each part of the single batterymax＜△th(ii) a Wherein, t1The minimum value of the optimal working temperature interval of the battery is △ t, and the safety temperature difference threshold value of the battery is obtained;
when t ismin＜t1、△tmaxWhen the residual electric quantity SOC of the battery pack is less than or equal to △ t, starting a power supply heating mode of a charging gun and continuously detecting the temperature of the single battery, if t is less than or equal to 20 percentmin＜thAnd △ tmax>△ t, starting the temperature equalizing mode, in which, if △ tmax＜△thAnd t ismin＜t1Stopping the temperature equalizing mode, and starting a power supply heating mode of the charging gun; in the charging gun power supply heating mode, when tmin≥thAnd △ tmax＜△thThen the power supply heating mode of the electric gun is closed, if tmin＜thAnd △ tmax>△thClosing the power supply heating mode of the charging gun, and starting the battery to equalize the temperature in advance until tmin≥t1And △ tmax＜△thWherein, △ thThe battery pack is subjected to temperature difference after passing through a temperature equalizing system, and △ th△ t- β where 1 ≤ β ≤ 5, and thIs the temperature of the battery pack after passing through the heating system, and th＝t1+ α, wherein 1 is equal to or more than α is equal to or more than 5;
when t ismin＜t1And △ tmax≥△thAnd then, starting an early temperature equalizing mode and detecting the temperature of the battery: if tmin≥t1And △ tmax＜△thStopping the battery early temperature equalizing mode;
when t ismin＜t1、△tmaxWhen t is less than or equal to △ t and the SOC is more than or equal to 20 percent, starting a battery power supply heating mode and continuously detecting the temperature of the single battery if t is less than or equal tomin＜thAnd △ tmax>△ t, starting a temperature equalizing mode, and in the temperature equalizing mode, if t is tmin＜t1、△tmax＜△thStopping the temperature equalizing mode and starting the battery power supply heating mode; in the battery powered heating mode: if tmin≥thAnd △ tmax≤△thStopping the battery power supply heating mode; if tmin＜th，△tmax>△thStopping the battery power supply heating mode, and starting the battery early temperature equalizing mode until the minimum temperature t of the batterymin≥t1And the maximum temperature difference value △ t of each part of the single batterymax＜△th。
2. The high energy battery pack heating temperature control method of claim 1,
the battery pack residual capacity detection system detects the residual capacity of the battery by adopting a Kalman algorithm filtering algorithm.
3. The high energy battery pack heating temperature control method of claim 2,
in the power supply heating mode of the charging gun, the power of the heating film is 100w, and the fan does not work;
in the battery power supply heating mode, the power of the heating film is 60w, and the fan does not work;
in the early soaking mode of the battery, the power of the heating film is 60w, and the power of the fan is 300 w;
in the temperature equalization mode, the power of the heating film is 0, and the fan power is 300 w.
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