CN104577632B - Preparation method of carbon/carbon-graphite/copper electric brush for motor - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbon/carbon-graphite/copper electric brush for motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104577632B CN104577632B CN201410788835.8A CN201410788835A CN104577632B CN 104577632 B CN104577632 B CN 104577632B CN 201410788835 A CN201410788835 A CN 201410788835A CN 104577632 B CN104577632 B CN 104577632B
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- charcoal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
- H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon/carbon-graphite/copper electric brush for a motor. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adopting a carbon fiber needling body or a carbon fiber fabric body as a preform material; secondly, carrying out chemical vapor deposition densification; thirdly, mixing and uniformly stirring resin, graphite powder and copper powder in a certain proportion; fourthly, solidifying a mixture of resin, graphite powder and copper powder, and carrying out carbonizing treatment; fifthly, carrying out high-temperature graphitizing treatment; sixthly, soaking, solidifying and carbonizing the mixture of resin, graphite powder and copper powder; seventhly, after machining, obtaining the carbon/carbon-graphite/copper electric brush for the motor. The carbon/carbon-graphite/copper electric brush adopting carbon fibers as a skeleton as well as a pyrolytic carbon matrix, a resin carbon matrix, graphite powder and copper powder as reinforcement has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, high mechanical strength, high impact toughness, low electrical resistivity, good self-lubricating property, high friction wear resistance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor and engine fittings technical field, and in particular to a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper
The preparation method of brush.
Background technology
Brush as motor an important conductive pieces, constantly with rotation commutator or current collection ring surface contact and
Electric current is conducted glibly, therefore it is required that it must possess many-sided apparently conflicting characteristic：Coefficient of friction and wear extent are little,
Do not grind or damage commutator and collector ring：Mechanical strength is big, with the abrasion for avoiding rotating at a high speed and vibration causes；Greasy property
It is good, smoothly contact with commutator or collector ring；Resistance coefficient is little, and commutation ability is good；Spark or noise are not produced, is extended as far as possible
Service life etc..
Brush can be divided into carbonaceous brush and the big class of metallic brush two by the difference of raw material；Carbonaceous brush is with carbon black, graphite
Or the general carbon material such as coke is main raw material(s), Metal Substrate brush with copper powder and graphite as main raw material(s), commonly referred to as
For metal-graphite brush or metallic brush.
Charcoal brush and charcoal electrographite brush are, with pitch coke and carbon black as primary raw material, and to be equipped with graphite and be fabricated by, due to
This brush is without graphitization, so poor lubricity, needs addition graphite to be made up；Wherein, what graphite proportioning was few is charcoal
Brush, is charcoal electrographite brush graphite proportioning more, and their hardness is higher, and density ratio is larger, but because of coefficient of friction greatly and not
Suitable for high-speed electric expreess locomotive, only use on the old model dc motor of mine, milling train and crane；At present this brush is used
Obtain and few.
After electrographite brush is through being referred to as graphited high-temperature heat treatment process, coefficient of friction is low, and anti-wear performance is good,
For various uses all shows extremely excellent performance, adopt on remote way electric express locomotive achieve significantly effect recently
Really；Carbon black base electrographite brush is with graphite as primary raw material, and its resistance coefficient is high, and contact drop is big, and commutating characteristics are good,
The scope of application is very wide, can be used for dc motor, generator and middle and high voltage motors etc.；Coke base electrographite electricity
, with petroleum coke or pitch coke as primary raw material, its resistance coefficient is moderate, and contact drop is little, it is adaptable to which rotating speed is relatively low for brush
Direct current generator；, with native graphite or Delanium as primary raw material, its resistance coefficient is in electrification for graphite-based electrographite brush
It is minimum in electrographite brush, and sliding properties are best, it is adaptable to the collector ring of low-speed DC motor and alternating current generator.
According to data-searching, the A of Chinese patent CN 103812291 are to adopt（W,Cr）23C6、Cr3C2、Cr5Si3、
Fe3C, a kind of motor brush is prepared by above-mentioned according to conventional Extrution casting technique；The A of Chinese patent CN 103811960 are adopted
The wear-resistant electro electromechanical brush for passing through conventional stirring casting technique with carbon, silicon, chromium, iron and nickel；Chinese patent CN
102280790 A disclose a kind of preparation method of household small electric appliance motor brush, using mineral crystal graphite, artificial stone
Ink, copper powder, carbon black as main material, and be equipped with lubricant, additive, bonding agent it is blended, shaping and roasting form；China
The A of patent of invention CN 103682925 discloses a kind of mixture being made up of MCMB and copper facing Carbon fibe, Jing roastings
Burn and compressing prepared.
Although having been applied in all kinds of motors with power up brush, it is all by heterogeneity conductive powder particle
It is compressing, then it is obtained by roasting, although with good electric conductivity, but its overall mechanical strength is not high, wear-resisting
Poor-performing, drastically influence service life of the brush in motor.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and it is good, mechanical strong to provide a kind of process is simple, fine and close effect
Degree is high, conduct electricity very well, friction resistant is worn and torn and the excellent motor of the performance with self-lubricating property charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper
The preparation method of brush.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush
Preparation method, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps：
Step one：Using Carbon fibe acupuncture body or Carbon fibe knitted body as precast body material, precast body density domination exists
0.15 g/cm3-0.85g/cm3。
Step 2：The precast body adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, is made using propylene or natural gas
For carbon-source gas, gas flow is 0.5m3/h-5.0m3/ h, as prefabricated volume density >=1.20g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification work
Sequence.
Step 3：Resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is 0.5wt%-20
Wt %, copper powder content is 0.1 wt%-20 wt %, and balance of resin stirs.
Step 4：By resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture impregnated in after step 2 densification it is prefabricated in vivo,
And solidified, charing process, it is then solid in curing oven after carrying out dipping 2h-10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa-5.0MPa
Change is processed, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, repeatedly dipping, solidification, charing process for several times, until prefabricated volume density >=
1.70g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Precast body after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove, is being risen
Warm speed is to be warming up to 1600 DEG C -2500 DEG C under conditions of 5 DEG C/h-200 DEG C/h, and being then incubated 2h-4h carries out high temperature graphitization
Process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out into again resin and graphite powder, copper powder mixture
Dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h-10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa-5.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the Carbon fibe acupuncture described in step one
Body includes PAN base 1K-24K charcoal cloth（Including plain, twill and satin）Replace laying acupuncture with PAN base web of staple fibers tires
Precast body, PAN bases laminated cloth replace the full web of staple fibers tire laying pin of laying needling preform, PAN bases with PAN base web of staple fibers tires
Thorn precast body, viscose glue base 1K-24K charcoal cloth（Including plain, twill and satin）Replace paving with viscose glue base web of staple fibers tire
Layer needling preform, viscose glue base laminated cloth replace laying needling preform, the full chopped fiber of viscose glue base with viscose glue base web of staple fibers tire
Net tire laying needling preform, asphaltic base 1K-24K charcoal cloth（Including plain, twill and satin）With asphaltic base chopped fiber
Net tire replaces laying needling preform, asphaltic base laminated cloth and replaces laying needling preform and pitch with asphaltic base web of staple fibers tire
The full web of staple fibers tire laying needling preform of base.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the Carbon fibe braiding described in step one
Body includes Carbon fibe（PAN bases, viscose glue base and asphaltic base）3-9 to braiding precast body,（PAN bases, viscose glue base and asphaltic base）Charcoal cloth
Fibre puncture preform.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the chemical vapor deposition described in step 2
Product densification technique, heating rate is 5 DEG C/h-200 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 840 DEG C -1200 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 50h-300h.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the resin described in step 3 includes phenol
Urea formaldehyde, epoxy resin and furfural acetone resin.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the solidification temperature described in step 4 is
140 DEG C -240 DEG C, carbonization temperature is 700 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, the solidification temperature described in step 6 is
140 DEG C -240 DEG C, carbonization temperature is 700 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
The present invention has compared with prior art advantages below：
1st, compared with the technology of preparing of conventional motors brush, the present invention is using Carbon fibe as skeleton, pyrolysis carbon matrix, tree
Fat carbon matrix, graphite powder and copper powder as reinforcement charcoal/charcoal-graphite/carbon/carbon-copper composite material brush, with excellent mechanical property
Can, its compressive strength >=350MPa, bending strength >=260MPa, shear strength >=100MPa, impact flexibility >=2.5J/cm2, it is low
Resistivity, resistivity≤12.0 μ Ω .m, greasy property is good, be powered abrasion when, coefficient of friction≤0.18.
2nd, in step 3 of the present invention, using the fine and close skill for impregnating, solidify/carbonize copper powder and graphite powder with mixed with resin
Art, using the high conduction performance of copper, adds copper powder further to reduce the resistivity of brush material, and copper powder is in brush material
Be evenly distributed, therefore, its copper powder is added in resin, using resin as carrier penetrate into precast body hole in, through solidification, charcoal
After chemical industry skill, uniformly it is filled in the intrapore technology of preparing of precast body and there is novelty；The present invention makes full use of the height of graphite powder
Greasy property, adds graphite powder as lubricant in resin, is penetrated in precast body hole, and uniformly as carrier using resin
It is filled in the intrapore thinking of precast body and there is novelty, technology of preparing has novelty.
3rd, in step 6 of the present invention, impregnating resin, graphite powder and copper powder are carried out again after high temperature graphitization processes perforate and is mixed
Compound solidification/fine and close the sealing of hole of charing, greatly reduces the porosity of brush material, porosity≤3.0% is made, to pyrographite
Brush material after change is processed plays a part of mechanical property reinforcement, can prevent motor brush defect and rupture, this technique
Technology has novelty for the preparation of motor brush material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the present invention prepares motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Step one：Laying needling preform, precast body are replaced with PAN base web of staple fibers tires using PAN base 1K plain weave charcoal cloth
Density domination is in 0.15g/cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene as carbon
Source gas, gas flow is 0.5m3/ h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 840 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 300h, when close
Spend for 1.20g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Phenolic resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
0.5wt%, copper powder content is 20 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Phenolic resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa, carry out curing process, solidify
Temperature is 140 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1200 DEG C；Repeatedly dipping, solidification, charing process number
It is secondary, it is 1.70g/cm to density3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
1600 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 5 DEG C/h, being then incubated 4h carries out high temperature graphitization process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into phenolic resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h in the case where pressure is 5.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 140 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 350MPa, bending strength 263MPa, shear strength 106MPa, impact flexibility 2.5J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 12.0, coefficient of friction 0.18.
Embodiment 2
Step one：Laying needling preform, precast body are replaced with viscose glue base web of staple fibers tire using viscose glue base 12K laminated cloths
Density domination is in 0.25g/cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene as carbon
Source gas, gas flow is 1.5m3/ h, heating rate is 25 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 900 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 150h, when close
Spend for 1.25g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Epoxy resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is 20wt%,
Copper powder content is 0.1 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Step 3 epoxy resin and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h in the case where pressure is 5.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 700 DEG C, repeatedly dipping, solidification, charcoal
Change for several times, be 1.75g/cm to density3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2500 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 200 DEG C/h, being then incubated 2h carries out high temperature graphitization process, naturally cold
But.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into epoxy resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1200 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 356MPa, bending strength 268MPa, shear strength 100MPa, impact flexibility 2.6J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 12.0, coefficient of friction 0.14.
Embodiment 3
Step one：Using the full web of staple fibers tire laying needling preform of asphaltic base, precast body density domination is in 0.20g/
cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using natural gas conduct
Carbon-source gas, gas flow is 5.0m3/ h, heating rate is 200 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1200 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 50h；
When density is 1.28g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Furfural acetone resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
1.0wt%, copper powder content is 10 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Furfural acetone resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 6h in the case where pressure is 3.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 900 DEG C；Repeatedly dipping, solidification, charcoal
Change for several times, be 1.78g/cm to density3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2200 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, being then incubated 3h carries out high temperature graphitization process, naturally cold
But.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into furfural acetone resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 8h in the case where pressure is 2.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 360MPa, bending strength 267MPa, shear strength 101MPa, impact flexibility 2.8J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.3, coefficient of friction 0.15.
Embodiment 4
Step one：Precast body is woven using PAN based carbon fibers three-dimensional, precast body density domination is in 0.50g/cm3。
Step 2：The braiding precast body adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using natural gas conduct
Carbon-source gas, gas flow is 3.0m3/ h, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1000 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 80h；
When density is 1.35g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Phenolic resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
3.0wt%, copper powder content is 8.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Phenolic resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the braiding after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 4h in the case where pressure is 4.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 200 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing is 1.80g/cm to density for several times3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2100 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 80 DEG C/h, being then incubated 2h carries out high temperature graphitization process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into phenolic resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 6h in the case where pressure is 2.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 200 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 900 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 388MPa, bending strength 290MPa, shear strength 121MPa, impact flexibility 2.9J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.9, coefficient of friction 0.17.
Embodiment 5
Step one：Using pitch based carbon fiber charcoal cloth fibre puncture preform, precast body density domination is in 0.40g/cm3。
Step 2：The fibre puncture preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene as carbon
Source gas, gas flow is 2.0m3/ h, heating rate is 50 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 840 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 300h；When close
Degree 1.35g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Epoxy resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
2.0wt%, copper powder content is 9.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Step 3 epoxy resin and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the puncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 3h in the case where pressure is 3.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 180 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1100 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing is 1.85g/cm to density for several times3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2300 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 60 DEG C/h, being then incubated 3h carries out high temperature graphitization process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into epoxy resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 7h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 180 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 980 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 368MPa, bending strength 280MPa, shear strength 111MPa, impact flexibility 2.6J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.3, coefficient of friction 0.15.
Embodiment 6
Step one：Laying needling preform is replaced with PAN base web of staple fibers tires using PAN bases 12K Carbon fibes laminated cloth, in advance
Volume density processed is controlled in 0.45g/cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using natural gas conduct
Carbon-source gas, gas flow is 5.0m3/ h, heating rate is 20 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1200 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 50h；When
Density is 1.38g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Epoxy resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
5.0wt%, copper powder content is 10.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Step 3 epoxy resin and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h in the case where pressure is 2.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 180 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing for several times, to density to 1.88g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2500 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 20 DEG C/h, being then incubated 2h carries out high temperature graphitization process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into epoxy resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 3h in the case where pressure is 5.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 180 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1200 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 358MPa, bending strength 270MPa, shear strength 105MPa, impact flexibility 2.7J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 10.8, coefficient of friction 0.12.
Embodiment 7
Step one：Using PAN based carbon fibers 9 to braiding precast body, precast body density domination is in 0.85g/cm3。
Step 2：The braiding precast body adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using natural gas conduct
Carbon-source gas, gas flow is 1.0m3/ h, heating rate is 50 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1000 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 200h,
When density is 1.50g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Furfural acetone resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
8.0wt%, copper powder content is 3.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Furfural acetone resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the braiding after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 4h in the case where pressure is 1.5MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1200 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing for several times, to density to 1.90g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Braiding precast body after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
1600 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 200 DEG C/h, being then incubated 4h carries out high temperature graphitization process, naturally cold
But.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into furfural acetone resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h in the case where pressure is 5.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 377MPa, bending strength 288MPa, shear strength 113MPa, impact flexibility 2.6J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.7, coefficient of friction 0.16.
Embodiment 8
Step one：Laying acupuncture is replaced using viscose glue base 6K Carbon fibes twill charcoal cloth and viscose glue base web of staple fibers tire prefabricated
Body, precast body density domination is in 0.35g/cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene as carbon
Source gas, gas flow is 4.0m3/ h, heating rate is 40 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1100 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 290h；When
Density is to 1.23g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Phenolic resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
12.0wt%, copper powder content is 2.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Phenolic resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 4h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 190 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1050 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing for several times, to density to 1.75g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
1800 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 80 DEG C/h, being then incubated 3h carries out high temperature graphitization process, natural cooling.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into phenolic resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 3h in the case where pressure is 3.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1200 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 374MPa, bending strength 266MPa, shear strength 101MPa, impact flexibility 2.5J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.9, coefficient of friction 0.18.
Embodiment 9
Step one：Laying acupuncture is replaced using asphaltic base 3K Carbon fibes satin weave charcoal cloth and asphaltic base web of staple fibers tire prefabricated
Body, precast body density domination is in 0.60g/cm3。
Step 2：The needling preform adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene as carbon
Source gas, gas flow is 3.0m3/ h, heating rate is 80 DEG C/h, and depositing temperature is 1000 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 160h；When
Density is to 1.25g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 3：Phenolic resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is
2.0wt%, copper powder content is 7.0 wt %, is stirred.
Step 4：Phenolic resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture be impregnated in into the acupuncture after step 2 densification
It is prefabricated in vivo, and solidified, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h in the case where pressure is 5.0MPa, then solidify in curing oven
Process, solidification temperature is 200 DEG C, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C；Impregnate repeatedly, solidify,
Charing for several times, to density to 1.88g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation.
Step 5：Needling preform after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove,
2000 DEG C are warming up under conditions of heating rate is 150 DEG C/h, being then incubated 3h carries out high temperature graphitization process, naturally cold
But.
Step 6：Product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization is carried out again into phenolic resin to mix with graphite powder, copper powder
Compound dipping, solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 3h in the case where pressure is 4.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Solidification temperature is 240 DEG C, and retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, and carbonization temperature is 1100 DEG C.
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
Its compressive strength 373MPa, bending strength 287MPa, shear strength 109MPa, impact flexibility 2.6J/cm2, resistance
The μ Ω .m of rate 11.4, coefficient of friction 0.17.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every according to the present invention
Any simple modification, change and equivalent structure transformation that technical spirit is made to above example, still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection domain of art scheme.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
Step one：Using Carbon fibe acupuncture body or Carbon fibe knitted body as precast body material, precast body density domination exists
0.15g/cm3-0.85g/cm3；
Step 2：The precast body adopted in step one is carried out into chemical vapor deposition densification, using propylene or natural gas as carbon
Source gas, as prefabricated volume density >=1.20g/cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation；
Step 3：Resin is mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder, copper powder, wherein graphite powder content is 0.5wt%-
20wt%, copper powder content is 0.1wt%-20wt%, and balance of resin stirs；
Step 4：By resin in step 3 and graphite powder, copper powder mixture impregnated in after step 2 densification it is prefabricated in vivo, go forward side by side
Row solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h-10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa-5.0MPa, then at solidification in curing oven
Reason, retort charing process is turned after coming out of the stove, repeatedly dipping, solidification, charing process for several times, until prefabricated volume density >=1.70g/
cm3When proceed to lower road densification operation；
Step 5：Precast body after step 4 densification is turned to carry out high temperature graphitization process in high temperature graphitization stove, in the speed that heats up
Rate is to be warming up to 1600 DEG C -2500 DEG C under conditions of 5 DEG C/h-200 DEG C/h, and being then incubated 2h-4h carries out high temperature graphitization process,
Natural cooling；
Step 6：By the product after the process of step 5 high temperature graphitization carry out again resin and graphite powder, copper powder mixture dipping,
Solidification, charing process, after carrying out dipping 2h-10h in the case where pressure is 1.0MPa-5.0MPa, the then curing process in curing oven,
Turn retort charing process after coming out of the stove；
Step 7：The product that step 6 is come out of the stove is obtained motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush after machining.
2. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Carbon fibe acupuncture body described in one including PAN bases 1K-24K charcoals cloth replace with PAN base web of staple fibers tires laying needling preform,
It is prefabricated that PAN bases laminated cloth replaces the full web of staple fibers tire laying acupuncture of laying needling preform, PAN bases with PAN base web of staple fibers tires
Body, viscose glue base 1K-24K charcoals cloth replace laying needling preform, viscose glue base laminated cloth and viscose glue base with viscose glue base web of staple fibers tire
Web of staple fibers tire replaces laying needling preform, the full web of staple fibers tire laying needling preform of viscose glue base, asphaltic base 1K-24K charcoals
Cloth replaces laying needling preform, asphaltic base laminated cloth and replaces laying with asphaltic base web of staple fibers tire with asphaltic base web of staple fibers tire
Needling preform and the full web of staple fibers tire laying needling preform of asphaltic base.
3. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Carbon fibe knitted body described in one includes Carbon fibe 3-9 to braiding precast body, charcoal cloth fibre puncture preform.
4. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Chemical vapor deposition densification technique described in two, gas flow is 0.5m3/h-5.0m3/ h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/h-200
DEG C/h, depositing temperature is 840 DEG C -1200 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 50h-300h.
5. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Resin described in three includes phenolic resin, epoxy resin and furfural acetone resin.
6. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Solidification temperature described in four is 140 DEG C -240 DEG C, and carbonization temperature is 700 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
7. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Solidification temperature described in six is 140 DEG C -240 DEG C, and carbonization temperature is 700 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of a kind of motor charcoal/charcoal-graphite/copper brush as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Compressive strength >=the 350MPa of brush, bending strength >=260MPa, shear strength >=100MPa, impact flexibility >=2.5J/cm2,
Low resistivity, resistivity≤12.0 μ Ω .m, greasy property is good, during energization abrasion, coefficient of friction≤0.18.
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| CN108462016B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-06-26 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of graphene modified carbon/carbon electric brush for motor |
| CN108585913B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-05-01 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of graphene modified carbon/carbon pantograph slide plate for electric locomotive |
| CN108484196B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-05-05 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of graphene modified carbon/carbon electrical contact |
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| CN101195899A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2008-06-11 | 湖南博云高科技有限公司 | Composite material of carbon/carbon/copper and production technology thereof |
| CN102130407A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-07-20 | 苏州东南碳制品有限公司 | Carbon brush for truck starting motor as well as manufacture method and application thereof |
| CN102304681A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-01-04 | 中南大学 | Carbon fiber and molybdenum disulfide silver-based composite material for electric brush and application method for composite material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101195899A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2008-06-11 | 湖南博云高科技有限公司 | Composite material of carbon/carbon/copper and production technology thereof |
| CN102130407A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-07-20 | 苏州东南碳制品有限公司 | Carbon brush for truck starting motor as well as manufacture method and application thereof |
| CN102304681A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-01-04 | 中南大学 | Carbon fiber and molybdenum disulfide silver-based composite material for electric brush and application method for composite material |
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