CN103836094B - A kind of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block, its component includes the natural Pueraria lobata fiber as material skeleton, Fanglun slurry cake, FKF compound mineral fiber, rare earth modified phenolic resin, and frictional property regulator and filler；The weight fraction of described each component: reinforcing fiber 30～40 parts, binding agent 8～15 parts, frictional property regulator 10～15 parts, filler 25～35 parts.Alkali process and Pueraria lobata fiberoptic fiber after ultrasonic combined process to have toughness powerful, fracture strength is higher, and belongs to Renewable resource, green non-poisonous, can natural degradation, protect environment.For brake block, it has the effect that product strength is high, elastic modelling quantity is moderate, heat-resist, lightweight, and the coefficient of expansion is little, and wear-resistant little, braking distance is short；Chemical stability is good, and heat fading performance is good, free from environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile brake brake block, be specifically related to a kind of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The brake block of domestic product accounts for the 5% of whole world aggregate demand at present, and the brake block produced within Chinese territory within the five-year accounts for the 45% of whole world aggregate demand.The inherence of the coming five years upper brake block produced within Chinese territory is up to 14.4 hundred million sets.China's automobile brake sheet industry faces environmental protection and high performance two make the transition greatly; environment-friendly type high performance brake block is in addition to high temperature to be met decline is little, wear rate is low, stable friction factor etc. requires; also should have the performance characteristics that vibration is little, noise is low, fall the environmental protection hommizations such as ash is few, these are all that friction material formulation technology, raw material disposal technology, batch mixing technology of preparing, hot extrusion briquetting technique, heat treatment technics and subsequent treatment technology etc. are had higher requirement.
Natural fiber has higher intensity, can meet mechanical property, and natural fiber source is extensive, and renewable, green non-poisonous, yield is huge.The addition of natural fiber, can reduce the density of material, reduce its wear extent, but also can reduce the coefficient of friction of material simultaneously.If being mixed by matrix suitable with enhancing for natural fiber and can making degradable friction material, this material will obtain the huge market space.At present, use the technology such as natural fiber modification and bionic structure can significantly heighten the compatibility of natural fiber and matrix, homogeneity and resistance to elevated temperatures, improve the performance of friction material.
Pueraria lobata has another name called Herba Gelsemii Elegantis, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr., is the time-honored perennial liana of a kind of use, all has distribution in most of China area.It is mainly used in cage basket, rope making rope in the past or is used as paper making raw material, in recent years Pueraria lobata fiber (Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.) is all exceeded silk carpet for its firmness of carpet manufacture, elasticity, wearability, also can be made into ko-hemp cloth, it is economical and practical value is higher, has good market potential.In the modern times, Pueraria lobata fiber is developed again and is applied to prepare the frontier such as composite, elastomeric material.Pueraria lobata tenacity of fibre is powerful, and ultimate fibre is about 0.95～4.2 centimetre, wide 0.01～0.02 centimetre, is good fibre plant.Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. fiber, compared with organic synthetic fibers, has inexpensive light weight, intensity and the modulus advantage such as suitably, it is important to Plant fiber belongs to Renewable resource, green non-poisonous, can natural degradation, protect environment.
Being mixed with other several fibers by Pueraria lobata fiber, performance complement, play confounding effect, the Properties of Friction Materials of preparation is excellent, advantageously reduces the production cost of brake block producer.It has good frictional behaviour, anti-fatigue performance, thermal adaptability, antiwear property and low noise etc., and the frictional property under different temperature and pressures still can keep good, and its performance changes not quite under low temperature or high-temperature condition.Additionally, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. fiber generates graphite under high temperature (300 DEG C-350 DEG C) is spent, graphite has lubrication and cleaning action.
This patent upgrading based on domestic and international automobile brake sheet product structure and Project Unit strengthen breakthrough acquired in eco-friendly car brake block key technology of preparing at natural fiber, are product by transformation of scientific findings.This technology uses the natural fiber of wide material sources, meets the requirement of national environmental protection industry, is the industry of country's encouragement development, has significant social benefit and bigger economic benefit, and the development to China's automobile industry has propelling meaning.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention be the shortcoming for existing semi-metallic brake pad and provide length in a kind of service life, safety, good stability, stable friction performance, skidding is good, wear and tear little, without brake " shriek ", there is high-performance, the Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance sedan-chair automotive brake pad that technical merit is domestically leading.
Second object of the present invention be to provide a kind of have that driver comfort is good, brake noise is little, anti-wear performance good, the abrasion of braking antithesis little, environmental protection, low metal, few bonding agent, low cost, environment friendly and pollution-free, there is the preparation method of the Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance sedan-chair automotive brake pad of good thermal stability and its job stability.
The implementation method of the present invention is as follows:
For realizing first purpose of the present invention, the key component of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block is as follows: Pueraria lobata fiber, Fanglun slurry cake, FKF compound mineral fiber, rare earth modified phenolic resin, titanate coupling agents, chlorinated paraffin, ultra-fine fully vulcanized powder rubber, calcined petroleum coke, strongly foam ferrous powder, expanded graphite, modified grammite, lamellar frog stone, crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate.
For realizing second object of the present invention, the preparation technology of the Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance sedan-chair automotive brake pad that the present invention provides, concrete technology equipment and production decision are as follows:
Process equipment: vertical shaft type high speed mixer, rotating speed 800～1000 revs/min, Nantong UP Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. produces, every time can batch mixing about 1kg；Brake block formulating Special hot press, model JFY50, Jilin University's electromechanical equipment institute manufactures；Thermostatic drying chamber, model DHG mono-9070A, Shanghai neat new science company limited produces.
Technological process: dispensing → metering → batch mixing → gluing → hot pressing → heat treatment → flat surface grinding → fluting → surface high-temp processes → spray paint → quality inspection → marking → packaging → warehouse-in.
Production decision:
Prepare the optimal processing parameter of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance sedan-chair automotive brake pad by orthogonal experiment research pressure sintering, press temperature, press time and pressing pressure are maximum to brake block performance impact.
1. dispensing, batch mixing, will weigh raw material according to listed formula, put in self-control agitator and stir 15～20min, and rotating speed is 800～1000 revs/min.Feeding sequence and mixing time be: first putting into resin, filler and other fibers, mix 10～15 minutes, then put into Pueraria lobata fiber, mix 5～10 minutes, mixing terminates, discharging.Make Pueraria lobata be scattered in compound with ultimate fibre form as far as possible, optimal reinforced effects could be reached in friction material.
2. hot pressing, puts into the raw material stirred in drying baker and is dried, be preheating to 80 DEG C, be then placed in mould, preliminary pre-molding on chilling press, by the transferred product of first one-step forming to hot press, uses one-shot forming technique to prepare brake block.Wherein hot pressing temperature is 180 DEG C, pressure 50～60MPa, and hot pressing time is 10～15 minutes.
3. heat treatment, for making brake block material more to stablize, thermostability higher, the brake block that hot pressing is good is delivered to carry out in holding furnace heat treatment, furnace temperature is maintained at 250 DEG C, temperature retention time 4h, then with furnace temperature cool down, obtain test specimen.
4. ground, the brake block after heat treatment, its surface still has needs many burr, uses equipment for grinding that the brake block after heat treatment is carried out ground, and the rotating speed of equipment for grinding is 30～40 revs/min so that it is surfacing.
The natural reinforcing fiber that the present invention uses is Pueraria lobata fiber, and Pueraria lobata fibrous fracture intensity is higher, and fiber is longer, and toughness is good.Pueraria lobata fiber is green material, and for brake block, it has the effect that Pueraria lobata fiber is the fully natural green fiber taking from plant, without any toxicity, neither affect worker health, the most free from environmental pollution.Its processing technology is good, and the most prominent is that dispersion is easy, unlike organic synthetic fibers or the inorganic artificial fibres of many alternative asbestos produce electrostatic, conglomeration, the uniformity of impact mixing and brake block frictional behaviour and strength and stability in high-speed stirred.Pueraria lobata fiber by direct carbonization, is unlikely to destroy the internal structure of friction material at about 350 DEG C, and adds the porosity of brake block, maintains stablizing of frictional behaviour.Show through orthogonal test analysis: mass fraction be 14% the fibre-reinforced sedan car brake block of Pueraria lobata there is preferable frictional behaviour.
Pueraria lobata will be through Chemical Pretreatment and ultrasonic Treatment before using:
1) Chemical Pretreatment.Pueraria lobata fiber is cut into main fibre length, and < 10mm is soaked in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 3%, immersion treatment 24h under room temperature.
2) ultrasonic Treatment.Being placed in by the Pueraria lobata fiber being immersed in alkali liquor and be placed in supersonic generator again, process 12h, frequency is 40kHz, temperature controlling range 60～80 DEG C, is then neutrality with deionized water rinsing, dries to constant weight, standby.
Organic reinforcing, the organic reinforcing that the present invention selects is the Fanglun slurry cake that du pont company produces.Fanglun slurry cake is the fibrillation product of aramid fiber, is to process prepared with chopped strand with machining uniquely and surface.The pulp fibers average length that this patent uses is 1～2.7mm, and is fibrillation structure, and specific surface area is 4.2～13.4m2Powder, the associativity of binding agent in/g, with formula components are good, and reinforced effects is good.Its tensile strength is 5 times of steel fibre, and elastic modelling quantity is the highest, and weight density is only the 1/7 of steel fibre, meets the lightweight requirements to auto parts and components.For cost consideration, in the present invention, the Fanglun slurry cake of addition 3% is as reinforcing material.
Inorganic reinforcing fiber, the inorganic reinforcing fiber used in the present invention is the FKF compound mineral fiber produced by Beijing Heng Nian Technology and Trade Co., Ltd.It comprises multi mineral fiber, and main fibre is high temperature resistant nonmetallic mineral to be formed through 1000 DEG C of high temperature above meltings, centrifugal or spray webbing, then is aided with a small amount of other and strengthens the tencel kind that compositions are mixed.Its fibre length is about 20mm, and main chemical composition has: SiO2, 40～43%；AL2O3, 16～18%；CaO, 18～22%；MgO, 5～7%；Fe2O3, 3～5%.In the present invention, the FKF compound mineral fiber of addition 18% is as reinforcing material.
The binding agent used in patent of the present invention selects rare earth modified phenolic resin prepared by Harbin Institute of Technology.The rare earth material used is rare earth chloride, and resin is nbr modified phenolic resins, and method of modifying is outer addition formula physical modification, and rare earth addition is the 4% of nbr modified phenolic resins.The friction material manufactured according to Conventional process parameters with rare earth modified resin, coefficient of friction is the highest and stable.The chemism of rare earth is high, its addition and the uniform network structure of resin formation, be conducive to the interaction in interface of each constituent element and mutually moistening, whole material system is made to be in the most steady state of thermodynamics, the carbide and the little molecule material matter that produce under friction material worst hot case are few, so the heat fading of coefficient of friction is little.Can be bonded well by various raw materials through modified phenolic resin, the most every physical and chemical index of brake block produced is excellent.The heat resistanceheat resistant decline ability of brake block can be significantly improved as brake block matrix resin, there is good friction performance.In the present invention, the rare earth modified phenolic resin of addition 13% is as binding agent.
The coupling agent used in patent of the present invention is titanate coupling agents and chlorinated paraffin.
Titanate coupling agents adds during batch mixing, can also be used with it and filler is carried out pretreatment.Titanate coupling agents is sprayed on wollastonite, improves the combination interface of itself and resin.
Chlorinated paraffin is at a low price coupling agent, can well with the filler coupling such as wollastonite.
The frictional property regulator used in patent of the present invention is ultra-fine fully vulcanized powder rubber, calcined petroleum coke, strongly foam ferrous powder, expanded graphite.
Ultra-fine fully vulcanized powder rubber is addition irradiation sensitizer in rubber latex, is then passed through the super fine gel particle product that special craftsman's photoirradiation effect is made.The outside high crosslinking of rubber particles, has rigidity；Internal low cross-linking, flexible.Both can give full play to the general character advantage of rubber, the process difficulties in terms of dispersion can have been avoided again.Particle diameter: 80～150nm, gel content: more than 80%.
The granule that calcined petroleum coke is made up through high-temperature roasting of the high-quality petroleum coke that hardness low-porosity is high.Adding the calcined coke mixed by a certain percentage in friction material can make friction material have perfect combination property with graphite, improves frictional behaviour.It addition, the porosity of coke is higher, improves the coefficient of friction of friction material, decrease brake noise, the heat fading of friction material when alleviating high temperature.Granularity 30-60 mesh, carbon content 98.5%, density 1.97-2.25g/cm3。
Strongly foam ferrous powder is that mild steel iron powder is at high temperature added foaming agent, prepares the granule with exhibiting high surface micropore and short texture.Owing to its rich surface is containing micropore, be conducive to, to resin material infiltration thereon and absorption, forming network mosaic texture therewith, significantly improving the overall adhesion strength of friction plate；Additionally it has substantial amounts of surface micropore and loose internal structure, enables it to effectively absorb friction noise, and makes brake become gentle, submissive, is difficult to scratch antithesis.The strength foam ferrous powder granularity 40～120 that this patent uses, bulk density 1.8～2.2g/cm3。
Expanded graphite is a kind of Novel carbon material, and it has loose and porous structure, has extremely strong resistance to pressure, pliability, plasticity and a self lubricity, and extremely strong anti-high and low temperature and extremely strong shock-resistance features.Additionally, expanded graphite is nontoxic, without any carcinogen, environment is safe from harm.
Using filler in patent of the present invention is modified grammite, lamellar frog stone, crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate.
Modified grammite is identical with wollastonite raw ore heat-resist and in addition to having an actual reinforced effects except having, and outward appearance, feel, friendship can all improve.Original form of wollastonite is played a very good protection by the coupling agent thin film that particle surface covers, and produces wetness sensation, and the needle-like of fibrid is clear and legible, is more conducive to mixing dispersion and plays potentiation.Due to the existing functional group can being combined with inorganic material in modified grammite surface, there is again the functional group can being combined with organic material, conform exactly to the technology requirement of the friction material that both organic binder bond and inorganic filler have concurrently, the most compatible with various compositions, local enhancement, resistance to temp effect, frictional behaviour aspects effect preferable.The important technological parameters of modified grammite is: draw ratio: > 15, density；2.8～3.1g/cm3, fineness: 18 mesh.
Lamellar frog stone is a kind of stratiform secondary rotten mineral of water aluminosilicate containing magnesium, have heat insulation, resistance to freeze, antibacterial, prevent fires, absorb water, the excellent properties such as sound absorption, roasting 0.5～1.0 minutes at 800～1000 DEG C, volume can increase rapidly 8～15 times, up to 30 times.Vermiculitum is a kind of novel high-tech inorfil 26S Proteasome Structure and Function material, has mechanical property good, the advantages such as resistance to elevated temperatures is good.
Crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate has excellent mechanical property, a physical property, stable living property, excellent corrosion resistance, thermostability, wearability.Crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate is easily combined with matrix, does not increase melt viscosity, good moldability, and the damage to former and mould is little.Substituting, with potassium titanate crystal whisker, the automobile friction that asbestos manufacture, there is not decay temperature up to 350 DEG C in frictional behaviour.Crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate is not only without toxicity, and has the most excellent combination property required by friction material.Wherein tensile strength and the traditional reinforcing fiber of modular ratio exceed a lot, and heat resistance is the most prominent, uses temperature also up to 1000 DEG C, complies fully with Hyundai Motor to friction material more high temperature tolerance and the requirement in service life.
Detailed description of the invention:
Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake pad of car uses rare earth modified phenolic resin as binding agent, with Pueraria lobata fiber, Fanglun slurry cake, FKF compound mineral fiber is as reinforcing material, and add ultra-fine fully vulcanized powder rubber, calcined petroleum coke, strongly foam ferrous powder, expanded graphite, as frictional property regulator, improves the frictional behaviour of brake block.For improving production efficiency and the qualification rate of brake block, the technique of one-step shaping is used to prepare brake block.These goods under high temperature, fast state, without thermal expansion, without hot tearing, decline without heat, pollution-free, service life length, safety, good stability, its main performance index has reached relative national standards, is expected to become new generation of environment protection exotic performance car brake block.
The present invention through test of many times obtain optimum formula ratio be:
The concrete technology used of this formula and production decision:
The optimal processing parameter of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance sedan-chair automotive brake pad is prepared by orthogonal experiment research pressure sintering.
The present invention uses the outstanding feature of Pueraria lobata fiber to be that tenacity of fibre is powerful, and fracture strength is higher, compared with organic synthetic fibers; there is the advantages such as inexpensive light weight, intensity and modulus are suitable, it is important to Plant fiber belongs to Renewable resource, green non-poisonous; can natural degradation, protect environment.For brake block, it has the effect that product strength is high, elastic modelling quantity is moderate, heat-resist, lightweight, and the coefficient of expansion is little, and wear-resistant little, braking distance is short, and technical merit is domestically leading.
Pueraria lobata fiber is cut into main fibre length < 10mm by this patent, it is soaked in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 3%, immersion treatment 24h under room temperature, then the Pueraria lobata fiber being immersed in alkali liquor is placed in and is placed in supersonic generator again, processing 12h, frequency is 40kHz, temperature controlling range 60～80 DEG C, then it is neutrality with deionized water rinsing, dries to constant weight.
To weigh raw material according to formula listed in form, and put in self-control agitator and stir 15～20min, rotating speed is 800～1000 revs/min.Feeding sequence and mixing time be: first putting into resin, filler and other fibers, mix 10～15 minutes, then put into Pueraria lobata fiber, mix 5～10 minutes, mixing terminates, discharging.Make Pueraria lobata be scattered in compound with ultimate fibre form as far as possible, optimal reinforced effects could be reached in friction material.
The raw material stirred is put in drying baker and be dried, be preheating to 80 DEG C, be then placed in mould, preliminary pre-molding on chilling press, by the transferred product of first one-step forming to hot press, use one-shot forming technique to prepare brake block.Wherein hot pressing temperature is 180 DEG C, pressure 50～60MPa, and hot pressing time is 10～15 minutes.
For making brake block material more to stablize, thermostability higher, the brake block that hot pressing is good is delivered to carry out in holding furnace heat treatment, furnace temperature is maintained at 250 DEG C, temperature retention time 4h, then with furnace temperature cool down, obtain test specimen.
The present invention obtains formula system and the processing technique of optimum through repeatedly orthogonal test, Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake pad of car prepared under Optimal technique process, there is product strength high, heat-resist, lightweight, stable friction performance, braking distance is short, and its performance has had and is substantially improved.Additionally, its driver comfort is good, brake noise is little, free from environmental pollution, it is the exotic performance car brake block of a kind of novel function admirable.
Claims (2)
1. a Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block, it is characterised in that: its formula be Pueraria lobata fiber 14%,
Fanglun slurry cake 3%, FKF compound mineral fiber 18%, rare earth modified phenolic resin 13%, titanate coupling agents 2.5%,
Chlorinated paraffin 0.5%, particle diameter are the ultra-fine fully vulcanized powder rubber 4% of 80～150nm, calcined petroleum coke 3%, strong
Power foam ferrous powder 5%, expanded graphite 4%, modified grammite 12%, lamellar frog stone 8%, crystal whisker of hexa potassium titanate 13%；
Showing through repeatedly orthogonal test research, brake block prepared by this formula proportion is pollution-free, service life length, safety,
Good stability, its synthetical restraint performance reaches optimum.
A kind of Pueraria lobata fiber reinforcement environment-friendly type high performance brake block the most according to claim 1, its preparation technology is
Hot-forming temperature is about 180 DEG C, pressure 50～60MPa, and hot pressing time is 10～15 minutes；Through the most just
Friendship test shows, the brake block thermostability produced under these process conditions is high, stable friction performance, and braking distance is short, its
Performance has had and has been substantially improved.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105299112A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-03 | 东营睿智友亮石油设备有限公司 | Environment-friendly coconut charcoal fiber composite friction material and manufacturing method for brake pad |
| CN106045380A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2016-10-26 | 姜宜宽 | Low-noise ceramic brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN106051002A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-10-26 | 姜宜宽 | Aupoz fibre reinforced environment friendly type brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN106147124A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 芜湖德业摩擦材料有限公司 | A kind of heavy-load automobile brake block friction material |
| CN106009497A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-12 | 芜湖德业摩擦材料有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant wear-resistant brake pad |
| CN106700594B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-04-02 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of polymer composites and preparation method thereof mixed with pueraria lobata fiber powder |
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