CN105697624A - 2.5-dimensional carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven perform reinforced cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin-based friction material - Google Patents
2.5-dimensional carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven perform reinforced cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin-based friction material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105697624A CN105697624A CN201610228238.9A CN201610228238A CN105697624A CN 105697624 A CN105697624 A CN 105697624A CN 201610228238 A CN201610228238 A CN 201610228238A CN 105697624 A CN105697624 A CN 105697624A
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- carbon fiber
- friction material
- phenolic resin
- aramid fiber
- shell oil
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical class [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940067573 brown iron oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000036626 Mental retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001724 microfibril Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/023—Composite materials containing carbon and carbon fibres or fibres made of carbonizable material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 2.5-dimensional carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven perform reinforced cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin-based friction material. According to the friction material, a 2.5-dimensional carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven perform formed by weaving carbon fibers and aramid fibers in a mixed mode is adopted as a reinforcing structure and is subjected to composite solidification with a cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin glue solution to obtain the friction material. The friction material can be completely used under extreme operating conditions such as heavy loads and high speeds. The friction material has high mechanical performance and can bear large impact force, resist abrasion at high speeds, transfer heat in the friction material out in time and protect a brake disc well, and the service life of a brake pad is prolonged due to abrasion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to materials processing technology field, especially relate to a kind of preparation method adopting 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber enhancing modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin friction materials
Background technology
Along with scientific and technical and industrial development, carbon fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde resin base frication material oneself be widely used in the field such as automobile, Aero-Space。Current fibre reinforced friction material, adopts chopped strand hot press forming technologies more, there is easy layering, structure is random, designability is low major defect, and oneself becomes the major issue of restriction carbon fiber friction material development。Additionally, a large amount of researchs about the carbon fiber alkyd resin based friction material of two dimension carbon cloth precursor structure in recent years show that carbon cloth strengthens Properties of Friction Materials and is substantially better than the hot-forming friction material of chopped strand。But it is low that two dimension carbon cloth enhancing friction material exists again thickness, it is difficult to bears big torsional moment, the defect easily lost efficacy under the harsh working condition such as high rotating speed, big pressure is only applied to middle mental retardation load operating mode。Along with vehicle develops to high-speed overload direction, the safety and stability of drive system is had higher requirement, how to overcome friction material configuration globality delamination failure poor, easy, defect that intensity is low becomes the key of solution problem。
Cashew shell oil is a kind of liquid of vicidity extracted from the Fructus anacardii shell of mature native, with long-chain fat hydrocarbon on position between its key structural feature phenol, therefore, cashew shell oil not only contains rigid radical but also contain flexible group, and there is the feature of phenolic compound, can be significantly improved by the toughness of its phenol-formaldehyde resin modified。This modified phenolic resin friction function admirable, the carbonized film formed in friction process is flexible and don't easy to fall off。Commonly used in American-European countries and Japan, domestic also have batch production。And with the friction material goods that it is pressed into as matrix, friction, heat-resisting and mechanical property is all very excellent。
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the applicant provides a kind of 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction materials。The present invention has carried out the shuffling of carbon fiber and aramid fiber, greatly improves the heat dispersion of friction material and can make up the character of heat-fading of brake block under big pressure duty；In friction material of the present invention, through material the thickness direction of attachment warp forms 3-D solid structure, overcome delamination problems, add interlaminar shear strength, having the structure designability of excellence, overall shock resistance and fatigue performance, preparation method technique of the present invention is simple simultaneously, low production cost, be easy to promote。
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction materials, the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber that the shuffling of described friction material employing carbon fiber and aramid fiber is made, as strengthening structure, make described friction material with modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue composite curing。
The preparation method of the described 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber is: first carbon fiber and aramid fiber being carried out and twisted with the fingers, making doubled yarn, as weft yarn, carbon fiber is as warp thread；Then weaving, binder yarn through-thickness is 0 °～90 ° and runs through each layer, is made into the woven precast body of carbon fiber of deep cross-linked structure；Wherein carbon fiber volume content is 15%～85%, and aramid fiber volume content is 15%～85%；Weft layers is 2～50 layers；Carbon fiber/aramid fiber precast body density is 1.2～2.6g/cm3。
Described carbon fiber have passed through pretreatment before using, and the method for pretreatment is: uses salpeter solution to carbon fiber liquid-phase oxidative surface treatment。
Described carbon fiber and aramid fiber are 800tex。Described carbon fiber is through twisting with the fingers shape twisting, backtwisting or non-twist process。
Described carbon fiber is oxidization fiber or the oxidation long filament of the fine base carbon fibre of polypropylene, asphalt base carbon fiber, viscose base carbon fibre or phenolic aldehyde base carbon fibre。
Contained by described modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, the parts by weight of raw material and each raw material are: modified 10～50 parts of cashew shell oil phenolic resin, increase grinding agent 5～30 parts, anti-friction composition 5～30 parts, filler 10～40 parts, additive 5～20 parts；Each raw material mixing and stirring is prepared the glue that viscosity is 100～500Pa s。
Described increasing grinding agent is one or more in aluminium oxide, brown iron oxide, molybdenum bisuphide；Described anti-friction composition is graphite or coke；Described filler is one or more in stone powder, barium sulfate, clay；Described additive is one or more in red copper powder, brass powder, aluminium powder。
The preparation method of described friction material is:
(1) cleaning is from molding jig, uniformly coating demoulding wax, and tile release paper, graphite paper successively, is then poured slowly in mould by modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, is then placed in after pruning the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber and paves；Pouring modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue again into makes precast body be totally submerged, the precast body top layer being submerged with the unidirectional light brush of hairbrush, is beneficial to glue infiltration；Mould is put into the vacuum evacuation 15～30min maintaining 0.06～0.09MPa in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is then transferred in hot-air oven under 50～70 DEG C of conditions and is incubated 4～8h, make diluent fully volatilize, obtain prepreg；
(2) being placed in 20～60 DEG C of baking ovens by adding cover plate equipped with the mould of prepreg in step (1), with 20 DEG C/h ramp to 100 DEG C, period is incubated 1h in 70 DEG C time；Adopting when 100 DEG C hot press precompressed, pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize the ramp with 20 DEG C/h to be incubated 1 hour to 110～130 DEG C, be continuously heating to 150～160 DEG C, this stage phenolic resin gelation, precompressed completes preliminary sizing；Being pressurized to 20～40MPa when 150～160 DEG C, pressurize is warming up to 180 DEG C, suppresses 15～60min curing molding, shutdown natural cooling；Demoulding feeding, polishes to prepared blank sample, cuts and obtain described friction material。
Described adopting general steel plate to make from molding jig, be made up of base plate, frame, cover plate, wherein base plate and frame can realize seamless link as maceration tank, also convenient dismounting can be beneficial to the demoulding。
Useful the having the technical effect that of the present invention
(1) present invention is based on features such as the friction and wear behavior of prefabricated carbon fiber body excellence, self-lubricating property and low-density, is applied in Wet-type friction material, to adapt to high rotating speed, big pressure or to lubricate the extreme operating condition conditions such as insufficient。Overall structure can be formed between carbon fiber bundle and bundle, material is made to demonstrate stronger globality, there is bearing capacity height shock-resistant, it is not easily broken and the features such as stripping, overcome chopped strand and strengthen the shortcoming of the easy delamination failure of polymer, have broad application prospects at harsh working condition as friction lining material。
(2) aramid fiber contained by the present invention is a kind of novel high-tech synthetic fibers, there is the premium properties such as superhigh intensity, high-modulus and high temperature resistant, acid-fast alkali-proof, lightweight, good toughness. due to its good toughness, weaving can be easy to, it is used as to prepare composite material for weaving, improve the impact resistance of composite. at the temperature of 560 degree, do not decompose, do not melt, use wide ranges, fine heat-resisting performance；It has good insulating properties and ageing resistace, has very long life cycle。But aramid fiber is made up of many microfibril running through whole fiber, how to be connected with Van der Waals force with the hydrogen bond that adhesion is more weak between fibril, thus when axially compressed, fibril can be bent to form kink band and cause fiber destruction, so the compressive strength of fiber is relatively low, compressive strength such as Kevlar is only 0.32～0.48GPa., and this will cause that the compression performance of aramid fiber reinforced composite is poor, but the mode that can be by strengthening with other fiber hybrids improves the bending property of composite, for instance carbon fiber。
(3) the modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin of the present invention is cheap, and the more common phenolic resin of toughness then improves a lot, and thermostability also has greatly improved, it is possible to be applicable on the large car of heavy duty high speed。
(4) product of the present invention can be used in heavy－duty completely; on the extreme operating conditions such as high speed; stronger mechanical performance not only can carry higher impulsive force can also be wear-resistant at higher velocities; in time internal heat is conducted; and can well protect braking dish, and the service life of wear-resistant prolongation brake block。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the PVvalue testing curve of the embodiment of the present invention 1～3 resulting materials。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is specifically described。
Embodiment 1
A kind of 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction materials, the preparation method of this friction material comprises the steps:
The preparation of (1) the 2.5 dimension woven precast body of carbon fiber/aramid fiber:
First carbon fiber and aramid fiber being carried out and twisted with the fingers, making doubled yarn, as weft yarn (80/10cm), carbon fiber is as warp thread (80/10cm)；Then weaving, binder yarn through-thickness is 20 ° and runs through each layer, is made into the woven precast body of carbon fiber (thickness is 2mm) of deep cross-linked structure；Wherein carbon fiber volume content is 20%, and aramid fiber volume content is 35%；Weft layers is 2 layers；Carbon fiber/aramid fiber precast body density is 1.4/cm3。
Described carbon fiber and aramid fiber are 800tex；Described carbon fiber is the oxidization fiber of the fine base carbon fibre of polypropylene。
(2) preparation of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue:
By 15 parts of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin, increase grinding agent aluminium oxide 10 parts, 10 parts of anti-friction composition graphite, filler stone powder 10 parts, 5 parts of mixing and stirring of additive red copper powder prepare the glue that viscosity is 100Pa s, adding diluent dehydrated alcohol 40 parts, adopt the mode that mechanical agitation, sonic oscillation and vacuum defoaming technology combine to be uniformly dispersed, prepared viscosity is the glue of 100Pa s。
(3) preparation of friction material:
1. cleaning from molding jig, uniformly coating demoulding wax, tile release paper, graphite paper successively, is then poured slowly in mould by modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, is then placed in after pruning the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber and paves；Pouring modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue again into makes precast body be totally submerged, the precast body top layer being submerged with the unidirectional light brush of hairbrush, is beneficial to glue infiltration；Mould is put into the vacuum evacuation 15min maintaining 0.06MPa in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is then transferred in hot-air oven under 50 DEG C of conditions and is incubated 8h, make diluent fully volatilize, obtain prepreg；Described adopting general steel plate to make from molding jig, be made up of base plate, frame, cover plate, wherein base plate and frame can realize seamless link as maceration tank, also convenient dismounting can be beneficial to the demoulding。
2. by step 1. in equipped with prepreg mould add cover plate be placed in 20 DEG C of baking ovens, with 20 DEG C/h ramp to 100 DEG C, period is incubated 1h in 70 DEG C time；Adopting when 100 DEG C hot press precompressed, pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize the ramp with 20 DEG C/h to be incubated 1 hour to 120 DEG C, be continuously heating to 150 DEG C, this stage phenolic resin gelation, precompressed completes preliminary sizing；Being pressurized to 20MPa when 150 DEG C, pressurize is warming up to 180 DEG C, suppresses 15min curing molding, shutdown natural cooling；Demoulding feeding, polishes to prepared blank sample, cuts and obtain described friction material。The coefficient of friction of gained friction material is as shown in Figure 1。
Embodiment 2
A kind of 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction materials, the preparation method of this friction material comprises the steps:
The preparation of (1) the 2.5 dimension woven precast body of carbon fiber/aramid fiber:
First carbon fiber and aramid fiber being carried out and twisted with the fingers, making doubled yarn, as weft yarn (144/10cm), carbon fiber is as warp thread (20/10cm)；Then weaving, binder yarn through-thickness is 40 ° and runs through each layer, is made into the woven precast body of carbon fiber (thickness is 4mm) of deep cross-linked structure；Wherein carbon fiber volume content is 20%, and aramid fiber volume content is 55%；Weft layers is 4 layers；Carbon fiber/aramid fiber precast body density is 1.6g/cm3。
Described carbon fiber have passed through pretreatment before using, and the method for pretreatment is: uses salpeter solution to carbon fiber liquid-phase oxidative surface treatment；Described carbon fiber and aramid fiber are 800tex；Described carbon fiber is the fine base carbon fibre T700-12K of polypropylene。
(2) preparation of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue:
By 25 parts of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin, increase grinding agent Vermiculitum 15 parts, anti-friction composition molybdenum bisuphide 15 parts, 15 parts of filler barium sulfate, additive brass powder 10 parts, adding diluent dehydrated alcohol 40 parts, adopt the mode that mechanical agitation, sonic oscillation and vacuum defoaming technology combine to be uniformly dispersed, prepared viscosity is the glue of 200Pa s。
(3) preparation of friction material:
1. cleaning from molding jig, uniformly coating demoulding wax, tile release paper, graphite paper successively, is then poured slowly in mould by modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, is then placed in after pruning the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber and paves；Pouring modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue again into makes precast body be totally submerged, the precast body top layer being submerged with the unidirectional light brush of hairbrush, is beneficial to glue infiltration；Mould is put into the vacuum evacuation 15min maintaining 0.09MPa in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is then transferred in hot-air oven under 70 DEG C of conditions and is incubated 4h, make diluent fully volatilize, obtain prepreg；Described adopting general steel plate to make from molding jig, be made up of base plate, frame, cover plate, wherein base plate and frame can realize seamless link as maceration tank, also convenient dismounting can be beneficial to the demoulding。
2. by step 1. in equipped with prepreg mould add cover plate be placed in 60 DEG C of baking ovens, with 20 DEG C/h ramp to 100 DEG C, period is incubated 1h in 70 DEG C time；Adopting when 100 DEG C hot press precompressed, pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize the ramp with 20 DEG C/h to be incubated 1 hour to 130 DEG C, be continuously heating to 160 DEG C, this stage phenolic resin gelation, precompressed completes preliminary sizing；Being pressurized to 20MPa when 160 DEG C, pressurize is warming up to 180 DEG C, suppresses 50min curing molding, shutdown natural cooling；Demoulding feeding, polishes to prepared blank sample, cuts and obtain described friction material。The coefficient of friction of gained friction material is as shown in Figure 1。
Embodiment 3
A kind of 2.5 dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction materials, the preparation method of this friction material comprises the steps:
The preparation of (1) the 2.5 dimension woven precast body of carbon fiber/aramid fiber:
First carbon fiber and aramid fiber being carried out and twisted with the fingers, making doubled yarn, as weft yarn (200/10cm), carbon fiber is as warp thread (20/10cm)；Then weaving, binder yarn through-thickness is 60 ° and runs through each layer, is made into the woven precast body of carbon fiber (thickness is 12mm) of deep cross-linked structure；Wherein carbon fiber volume content is 20%, and aramid fiber volume content is 75%；Weft layers is 6 layers；Carbon fiber/aramid fiber precast body density is 2.5g/cm3。
Described carbon fiber have passed through pretreatment before using, and the method for pretreatment is: uses salpeter solution to carbon fiber liquid-phase oxidative surface treatment；Described carbon fiber and aramid fiber are 800tex, and described carbon fiber is the fine base carbon fibre T300-12K of polypropylene。
(2) preparation of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue:
By 10～50 parts of modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin, increase grinding agent Kaolin 20 parts, anti-friction composition octadecylamine 20 parts, filler clay 30 parts, additive aluminium powder 15 parts, adding diluent dehydrated alcohol 40 parts, adopt the mode that mechanical agitation, sonic oscillation and vacuum defoaming technology combine to be uniformly dispersed, prepared viscosity is the glue of 400Pa s。
(3) preparation of friction material:
1. cleaning from molding jig, uniformly coating demoulding wax, tile release paper, graphite paper successively, is then poured slowly in mould by modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, is then placed in after pruning the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber and paves；Pouring modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue again into makes precast body be totally submerged, the precast body top layer being submerged with the unidirectional light brush of hairbrush, is beneficial to glue infiltration；Mould is put into the vacuum evacuation 20min maintaining 0.08MPa in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is then transferred in hot-air oven under 70 DEG C of conditions and is incubated 4h, make diluent fully volatilize, obtain prepreg；Described adopting general steel plate to make from molding jig, be made up of base plate, frame, cover plate, wherein base plate and frame can realize seamless link as maceration tank, also convenient dismounting can be beneficial to the demoulding。
2. by step 1. in equipped with prepreg mould add cover plate be placed in 60 DEG C of baking ovens, with 20 DEG C/h ramp to 100 DEG C, period is incubated 1h in 70 DEG C time；Adopting when 100 DEG C hot press precompressed, pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize the ramp with 20 DEG C/h to be incubated 1 hour to 120 DEG C, be continuously heating to 150 DEG C, this stage phenolic resin gelation, precompressed completes preliminary sizing；Being pressurized to 30MPa when 150 DEG C, pressurize is warming up to 180 DEG C, suppresses 60min curing molding, shutdown natural cooling；Demoulding feeding, polishes to prepared blank sample, cuts and obtain described friction material。The coefficient of friction of gained friction material is as shown in Figure 1。
By result shown in Fig. 1, can be seen that the coefficient of friction of embodiment 1 resulting materials is maximum, but elapse also comparatively unstable over time, the coefficient of friction of embodiment 2 resulting materials is the most stable, the coefficient of friction of embodiment 3 resulting materials mediates, and coefficient changes also comparatively steady over time。
Claims (9)
1. dimension carbon fiber/aramid fiber woven precast body enhancing modified cashew shell oil alkyd resin based friction material, it is characterized in that 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber that described friction material adopts the shuffling of carbon fiber and aramid fiber to make are as strengthening structure, make described friction material with modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue composite curing。
2. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the described 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber is: first carbon fiber and aramid fiber being carried out and twisted with the fingers, making doubled yarn, as weft yarn, carbon fiber is as warp thread；Then weaving, binder yarn through-thickness is 0 °～90 ° and runs through each layer, is made into the woven precast body of carbon fiber of deep cross-linked structure；Wherein carbon fiber volume content is 15%～85%, and aramid fiber volume content is 15%～85%；Weft layers is 2～50 layers；Carbon fiber/aramid fiber precast body density is 1.2～2.6g/cm3。
3. friction material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described carbon fiber have passed through pretreatment before using, and the method for pretreatment is: use salpeter solution to carbon fiber liquid-phase oxidative surface treatment。
4. friction material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described carbon fiber and aramid fiber are 800tex。
5. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described carbon fiber is through twisting with the fingers shape twisting, backtwisting or non-twist process。
6. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described carbon fiber is oxidization fiber or the oxidation long filament of the fine base carbon fibre of polypropylene, asphalt base carbon fiber, viscose base carbon fibre or phenolic aldehyde base carbon fibre。
7. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that contained by described modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, the parts by weight of raw material and each raw material are: modified 10～50 parts of cashew shell oil phenolic resin, increase grinding agent 5～30 parts, anti-friction composition 5～30 parts, filler 10～40 parts, additive 5～20 parts；Each raw material mixing and stirring is prepared the glue that viscosity is 100～500Pa s。
8. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described increasing grinding agent is one or more in aluminium oxide, brown iron oxide, Vermiculitum；Described anti-friction composition is graphite or coke；Described filler is one or more in stone powder, barium sulfate, clay；Described additive is one or more in red copper powder, brass powder, aluminium powder。
9. friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of described friction material is:
(1) cleaning is from molding jig, uniformly coating demoulding wax, and tile release paper, graphite paper successively, is then poured slowly in mould by modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue, is then placed in after pruning the 2.5 dimension woven precast bodies of carbon fiber/aramid fiber and paves；Pouring modified cashew shell oil phenolic resin glue again into makes precast body be totally submerged, the precast body top layer being submerged with the unidirectional light brush of hairbrush, is beneficial to glue infiltration；Mould is put into the vacuum evacuation 15～30min maintaining 0.06～0.09MPa in 40 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is then transferred in hot-air oven under 50～70 DEG C of conditions and is incubated 4～8h, make diluent fully volatilize, obtain prepreg；
(2) being placed in 20～60 DEG C of baking ovens by adding cover plate equipped with the mould of prepreg in step (1), with 20 DEG C/h ramp to 100 DEG C, period is incubated 1h in 70 DEG C time；Adopting when 100 DEG C hot press precompressed, pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize the ramp with 20 DEG C/h to be incubated 1 hour to 110～130 DEG C, be continuously heating to 150～160 DEG C, this stage phenolic resin gelation, precompressed completes preliminary sizing；Being pressurized to 20～40MPa when 150～160 DEG C, pressurize is warming up to 180 DEG C, suppresses 15～60min curing molding, shutdown natural cooling；Demoulding feeding, polishes to prepared blank sample, cuts and obtain described friction material。
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