CN104575214A - Light refraction demonstrating instrument - Google Patents
Light refraction demonstrating instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN104575214A CN104575214A CN201410846167.XA CN201410846167A CN104575214A CN 104575214 A CN104575214 A CN 104575214A CN 201410846167 A CN201410846167 A CN 201410846167A CN 104575214 A CN104575214 A CN 104575214A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/22—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light refraction demonstrating instrument. The light refraction demonstrating instrument comprises a container (1), a sighting device (4) and an optical disc (7); the light refraction demonstrating instrument is characterized in that the container (1) is a cover-free cavity, a transparent observation face is arranged on the front side of the container (1), a swimming body (2) is tied at the bottom of the container (1), a fixing support (5) is arranged outside the container (1), the sighting device (4) is installed on the fixing support (5) in a rotatable mode, a refraction rod (3) is sleeved with the sighting device (4) and is inserted into the container (1) in an inclined mode, and the movable optical disc (7) and a laser device (8) are arranged on the refraction demonstrating instrument in a mated mode. The optical disc (7) can be folded along a middle shaft, and scales of the optical disc (7) are gradually increased to the two sides from 0 degree in the vertical direction to 90 degrees in the horizontal direction. The laser device (8) is a green-light laser device or a helium-neon laser device. The light refraction demonstrating instrument is easy to operate, obvious in effect, high in intuition and wide in applicability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to education experiment equipment technical field, relate in particular to a kind of refraction demonstrator of light.
Background technology
The law of refraction of light is the basic law of geometrical optics, is to explain the Main Basis of refraction effect in life, the probe process of the law of refraction of light, can the scientific inquiry ability of training student well.For the junior school student just contacting physics, want the refraction imagination of accurate understanding light and rule can only by the induction and conclusion to experimental phenomena, so the refraction lecture experiment of light can successfully whether experimental phenomena be enough obvious in other words will directly determine understanding and the acceptance level of student.In existing field research process, photorefractive effect can only be demonstrated by water tumbler and chopsticks, and because demonstration means are not directly perceived, thus student is difficult to clearer understanding reason wherein, even causes the confusion of concept.The law of refraction of part teacher Self-made Realia demonstration light, is summed up and there is following shortcoming:
(1) general teacher shows light path with common red laser pen, and because distance student is comparatively far away, adding eyes to wavelength is that the ruddiness of 650nm is not too responsive, and the propagation phenomenon of light is not obvious, and visuality is strong, is difficult to the propagation track not seeing Chu Guang.
(2) utilize rough object surface that diffuse reflection occurs and carry out the propagation track of display light, to reach the refraction effect of light from air directive water or glass.The propagation track that the scheme adopted mostly is the aerosol spraying that to kindle mosquito repellent incense on the water surface, boiling water produces water smoke, drip milk or light suds in water, carry out display light with the equipment such as humidifier, atomizer generation water smoke, but aerosol spraying that the water surface kindles mosquito repellent incense can produce peculiar smell, boiling water produces water smoke by the very large instability of such environmental effects, in water, drip milk or light suds instability uneven, produce water smoke troublesome poeration and phenomenon is not obvious with the equipment such as humidifier, atomizer.
(3) glass water cavity used, one is that lateral width is comparatively large, there will be larger visual angle deviation, can decay very fast when red laser penetrates water smoke or suds when the classmate of classroom seat both sides observes; Two is the same glass of water cavity surrounding, easily produces mirror-reflection, affects observation of students light path.
(4) there is no movable optical disk, can not directly read incident angle and refraction angle, clearly can not demonstrate the change along with laser incident angle, cause the change of incident ray and refracted ray, can not demonstrate " three lines are coplanar ".
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and the refraction demonstrator of a kind of simple to operate, the light that successful, intuitive are strong, widely applicable provided.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem underlying and realize by the following technical solutions:
The refraction demonstrator of light of the present invention, comprise container, alignment clamp, optical disk, wherein: container is uncovered cavity, be transparent sightingpiston on front side of container, trip system is at container bottom, and external container is provided with fixed mount, fixed mount is equipped with alignment clamp rotationally, alignment clamp internal sleeve is equipped with refraction bar, and refraction bar tilts to insert in container, and refraction demonstrator is supporting movable optical disk and laser instrument.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: described container is bonded by bottom surface glass and side glass and makes or disposal molding, and front side is clear glass, all the other sides and bottom surface are glass with black liner or frosted glass.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: described container width is 5-15 centimetre.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: the material of described container is organic glass.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: the liquid that described container content enters is liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: described fixed mount can be iron stand, tripod or lifting table, and fixed mount is provided with set screw.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: described optical disk can fold along intermediate shaft, and the scale of optical disk is increased to 90 ° of horizontal direction gradually from 0 ° of vertical direction to both sides.
The refraction demonstrator of above-mentioned light, wherein: described laser instrument is green (light) laser or helium-neon laser.
The present invention compared with the existing technology has obvious advantage and beneficial effect.From above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) structure, simple to operate, phenomenon is obvious, can demonstrate accurate, clear, intuitively fisherman spear fish magnitude relationship, the incident ray vertical incidence of experiment, light refraction angle and incident angle when occurring to reflect time the direction change of refracted ray, refracted ray, incident ray, relation etc. between normal organize experiment more.(2) visual effect of human eye to green glow is more much better than than ruddiness, and the visual brightness of equal-wattage is approximately 8 times of red laser, and in half turbid solution, particulate is stronger to the scattering of green glow, uses green (light) laser to have the visual effect stronger than red laser.Adopt helium-neon laser power little, the good beam quality angle of divergence is less than 1mrad, and the good live width of monochromaticity is less than 20Hz, and brightness is high, stable output.(3) the propagation track of liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus display light is utilized, free from extraneous odour, stable, obvious by such environmental effects, phenomenon.(4) width of container can be set to 5-15 centimetre, there will not be larger visual angle deviation when the classmate of classroom seat both sides observes, and laser is very slow through decay during liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus.(5) container Student oriented side is transparent in sightingpiston, and all the other sides are glass with black liner or frosted glass, can not produce mirror-reflection, and deepen contrast, light path is more clear.(6) the present invention is furnished with movable optical disk, and the scale of optical disk is increased to 90 ° of horizontal direction gradually from 0 ° of vertical direction to both sides, can directly read incident angle and refraction angle, without the need to carrying out computing, clearly can demonstrate the change along with laser incident angle, cause the change of incident ray and refracted ray, facilitate student to sum up law of refraction, can the refraction law of quantitative test light, can ocular demonstration " three lines are coplanar ".In a word, the present invention is simple to operate, successful, intuitive strong, is applicable to promoting the use of of the refraction lecture experiment of light in teaching process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of optical disk;
Fig. 3 is the using state figure of embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the using state figure of embodiment two, embodiment four;
Fig. 5 is the using state figure of embodiment three
Fig. 6 is the using state figure of embodiment five.
Identify in figure:
1, container; 2, You Ti; 3, bar is reflected; 4, alignment clamp; 5, fixed mount; 6, set screw; 7, optical disk; 8, laser instrument; 9, glass block; 10, liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to the refraction demonstrator embodiment of light proposed according to the present invention, structure, feature and effect thereof, be described in detail as follows.
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the refraction demonstrator of light, comprising container 1, alignment clamp 4, optical disk 7, wherein: container 1 is non-covered container, is transparent sightingpiston on front side of container 1, trip body 2 ties up to bottom container 1, container 1 outer setting has fixed mount 5, and fixed mount 5 is equipped with alignment clamp 4 rotationally, and alignment clamp 4 internal sleeve is equipped with refraction bar 3, refraction bar 3 tilts to insert in container 1, and refraction demonstrator is supporting movable optical disk 7 and laser instrument 8.Described container 1 is bonded by bottom surface glass and side glass and makes, and front side is clear glass, and all the other sides and bottom surface are the glass with black liner.The material of described container 1 is organic glass.The liquid loaded in described container 1 is liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus.Described fixed mount 5 can be iron stand, tripod or lifting table, and fixed mount 5 is provided with set screw 6.Described optical disk 7 can fold along intermediate shaft, and the scale of optical disk 7 is increased to 90 ° of horizontal direction gradually from 0 ° of vertical direction to both sides.Described laser instrument 8 is green (light) laser or helium-neon laser.
Embodiment one: demonstration fisherman spears fish experiment
See Fig. 3, experimental procedure is as follows: (1) adds tap water in the container 1, and instill several silver nitrates and to stir obtained liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, be fixed on by alignment clamp 4 on fixed mount 5, the position being adjusted alignment clamp 4 by set screw 6 allows user just be targeted on trip body 2; (2) allow user face trip body 2 direction with refraction bar 3 through alignment clamp 4 and remove fork trip body 2, observe trip body 2 below refraction bar 3 and fork less than trip body 2; (3) open laser instrument 8, allow laser swim body 2 by alignment clamp 4 from air directive, found that laser there occurs deviation at liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10 and the interface of air, be just mapped to after deviation on trip body 2.
Embodiment two: the magnitude relationship of refraction angle and incident angle when demonstration light occurs to reflect
As shown in Figure 4, tap water is added toward 1 li, container, in tap water, drip several silver nitrates to stir obtained liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, movable optical disk 7 is put into container 1 and side close to the rear, then laser instrument 8 is fixed on fixed mount 5, opens laser instrument 8, allow laser be slanted through liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10 from air, the position of adjustment laser instrument 8 makes incident angle be respectively 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, observes the change at refraction angle.In like manner, allow laser inject air from liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, the position of adjustment laser instrument 8 makes incident angle be respectively 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, observes the change at refraction angle.
Embodiment three: the direction change of refracted ray during demonstration incident ray vertical incidence
As shown in Figure 5, tap water is added toward 1 li, container, in tap water, drip several silver nitrates to stir obtained liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, movable optical disk 7 is put into container 1 and side close to the rear, then laser instrument 8 is fixed on fixed mount 5, opens laser instrument 8, allow laser inject liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10 from air, the position of adjustment laser 8 device makes incident angle be 0 degree, observes the direction change of refracted ray.In like manner, allow laser inject air from liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, the position of adjustment laser instrument 8 makes incident angle be 0 degree of direction change observing refracted ray.
Embodiment four: the relation between demonstration refracted ray, incident ray, normal
As shown in Figure 4, tap water is added toward 1 li, container, in tap water, drip several silver nitrates to stir obtained liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, movable optical disk 7 is put into container 1 and side close to the rear, then laser instrument 8 is fixed on fixed mount 5, open laser instrument 8, laser is allowed to be slanted through liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10 from air, the position of adjustment laser instrument 8 makes incident angle be 30 degree, observe refracted ray, incident ray, relation between normal, then rotation activity optical disk 7, allow refracted ray, incident ray, normal is not at grade, observe refracted ray, incident ray, relation between normal, the position adjusting laser instrument 8 again makes incident angle be respectively 45 degree, 60 degree, observe refracted ray, incident ray, relation between normal, then rotation activity optical disk 7, allow refracted ray, incident ray, normal is not at grade, observe refracted ray, incident ray, relation between normal.In like manner, allow laser inject air from liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus 10, the position of adjustment laser instrument 8 makes incident angle be respectively 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, observes the relation between refracted ray, incident ray, normal.
Embodiment five: demonstration light is by refraction feature during glass block
As shown in Figure 6, glass block 9 is placed on movable optical disk 7 centre, then laser instrument 8 is fixed on fixed mount 5, open laser instrument 8, laser is allowed to be slanted through glass block 9 from air, observe the deviation direction of light, when this light penetrates from the another side of glass block 9, observe the deviation direction of emergent ray.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, the any simple modification done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the refraction demonstrator of a light, comprise container (1), alignment clamp (4), optical disk (7), it is characterized in that: container (1) is uncovered cavity, container (1) front side is transparent sightingpiston, trip body (2) ties up to container (1) bottom, container (1) outer setting has fixed mount (5), alignment clamp (4) fixed mount (5) is equipped with rotationally, alignment clamp (4) internal sleeve is equipped with refraction bar (3), refraction bar (3) tilts to insert in container (1), and refraction demonstrator is supporting movable optical disk (7) and laser instrument (8).
2. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described container (1) is bonded by bottom surface glass and side glass and makes or disposal molding, and front side is clear glass, and all the other sides and bottom surface are glass with black liner or frosted glass.
3. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described container (1) width is 5-15 centimetre.
4. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the material of described container (1) is organic glass.
5. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the liquid loaded in described container (1) is liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus.
6. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fixed mount (5) can be iron stand, tripod or lifting table, and fixed mount (5) is provided with set screw (6).
7. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical disk (7) can fold along intermediate shaft, and the scale of optical disk (7) is increased to 90 ° of horizontal direction gradually from 0 ° of vertical direction to both sides.
8. refraction demonstrator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser instrument (8) is green (light) laser or helium-neon laser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410846167.XA CN104575214A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Light refraction demonstrating instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410846167.XA CN104575214A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Light refraction demonstrating instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104575214A true CN104575214A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410846167.XA Pending CN104575214A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Light refraction demonstrating instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN104575214A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114216881A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Device and method for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by optical method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2226005C1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-03-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью фирма "СНАРК" | Training device for demonstration of wave optics |
| CN202584525U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-12-05 | 曹红 | Optical experiment demonstrating device |
| CN103150955A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-06-12 | 孟钧 | Geometric-optical comprehensive demonstration instrument |
| CN203444679U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-02-19 | 胡书畅 | Device for demonstrating spearing fish |
| CN204303238U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 贵州师范学院 | The refraction demonstrator of light |
-
2014
- 2014-12-31 CN CN201410846167.XA patent/CN104575214A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2226005C1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-03-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью фирма "СНАРК" | Training device for demonstration of wave optics |
| CN202584525U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-12-05 | 曹红 | Optical experiment demonstrating device |
| CN103150955A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-06-12 | 孟钧 | Geometric-optical comprehensive demonstration instrument |
| CN203444679U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-02-19 | 胡书畅 | Device for demonstrating spearing fish |
| CN204303238U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 贵州师范学院 | The refraction demonstrator of light |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114216881A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Device and method for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by optical method |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |