CN214012316U

CN214012316U - Optical demonstration instrument

Info

Publication number: CN214012316U
Application number: CN202120067382.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张俊
Original assignee: Fujian Nanping Jianjin Middle School; Fujian Education Equipment And Infrastructure Center
Current assignee: Fujian Nanping Jianjin Middle School; Fujian Education Equipment And Infrastructure Center
Priority date: 2021-01-12
Filing date: 2021-01-12
Publication date: 2021-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical demonstration instrument, which comprises a vertically arranged annular guide rail and an annular dial fixed with the inner periphery of the guide rail; the bottom end of the guide rail is provided with a vertical supporting rod; the bottom end of the supporting rod is provided with a horizontally placed base; the two transparent hemispherical shells form a closed transparent spherical shell; the spherical shell is fixed on the inner side of the dial, and the spherical center of the spherical shell is superposed with the circle center of the dial; a first laser is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the guide rail, and laser emitted by the first laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell; the inner side of the guide rail is provided with a second laser in a sliding manner, the second laser slides along the inner side of the guide rail, and the emitted laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell; damping exists between the second laser and the guide rail; the spherical shell is provided with a window, and the bottom of the window is higher than the spherical center of the spherical shell; the spherical shell is filled with smoke. The utility model discloses the function is abundant, can realize the demonstration of multiple optics phenomenon, including refraction, reflection and the total reflection of light, the mirror surface reflection and the diffuse reflection of light and myopia and hyperopia's formation of image principle and correction. The demonstration effect is good, and the visibility is strong.

Description

Optical demonstration instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an optics demonstration appearance belongs to optical display device technical field.

Background

Optical teaching is an important component of physics teaching in the middle school stage. Due to the particularity of optics, teaching of optical related contents is abstract and difficult to understand, and students cannot visually know an optical theory. Therefore, the optical experiment teaching aid becomes an essential auxiliary tool in optical teaching. The existing optical demonstration equipment is plane demonstration, and has single function and poor visibility. Students cannot visually understand optical experiments. Meanwhile, different instruments are required to be used for experimental demonstration of different optical experiments, and the application range is small.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the problem, the utility model provides an optics demonstration appearance, this demonstration appearance function is abundant, can realize the demonstration of multiple optics phenomenon, including refraction, reflection and the total reflection of light, the specular reflection and the diffuse reflection of light and myopia and hypermetropia's formation of image principle and correction. The demonstration effect is good, and the visibility is strong.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

an optical demonstration instrument comprises an annular guide rail which is vertically arranged and an annular dial which is fixed with the inner periphery of the guide rail; the bottom end of the guide rail is provided with a vertical support rod; the bottom end of the supporting rod is provided with a horizontally placed base; the two transparent hemispherical shells form a transparent closed spherical shell; the spherical shell is fixed on the inner side of the dial, and the spherical center of the spherical shell is superposed with the circle center of the dial; a first laser is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the guide rail, and laser emitted by the first laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell; a second laser is arranged on the inner side of the guide rail in a sliding manner, the second laser slides along the inner side of the guide rail, and the emitted laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell; damping is present between the second laser and the guide rail; the spherical shell is provided with a window, and the bottom of the window is higher than the spherical center of the spherical shell; the spherical shell is filled with smoke.

In at least one embodiment, the interior of the spherical shell contains a colloid; the height of the liquid level of the colloid is the same as that of the spherical center of the spherical shell.

In at least one embodiment, the lower end of the spherical shell is horizontally provided with a reflector; one surface of the reflector is a plane mirror, and the other surface of the reflector is a spherical mirror; the reflector is located directly below the first laser.

In at least one embodiment, the upper end of the spherical shell is provided with a horizontally placed distortion lens; the lower end of the spherical shell is provided with a horizontally placed light screen; the distortion lens and the light screen are both correspondingly arranged right below the first laser.

In at least one embodiment, a horizontally disposed corrective lens is disposed within the spherical shell; the correcting lens is positioned above the anamorphic lens; the correcting lens is positioned right below the first laser and shares the same optical axis with the distorting lens.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the demonstrator can demonstrate refraction, reflection and total reflection of light, specular reflection and diffuse reflection of light, hyperopia and myopia imaging principles and correction.

2. The demonstration instrument has the advantages of good demonstration effect, strong visibility, three-dimensional light path and easiness in understanding.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three overall structures of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a three front views of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures denote:

1. a base; 2. a support bar; 3. a guide rail; 4. a dial scale; 5. a spherical shell; 6. a first laser; 7. a second laser; 8. a colloid; 9. a mirror; 10. a anamorphic lens; 11. a light screen; 12. a corrective lens; 13. and (4) a window.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-8, an optical demonstrator includes a vertically arranged annular guide rail 3 and an annular dial 4 fixed to the inner periphery of the guide rail 3; the top end and the bottom end of the dial 4 are marked with 0 degree, the two transverse ends are marked with 90 degrees, and the scales from 0 degree to 90 degrees are uniformly marked; the bottom end of the guide rail 3 is provided with a vertical support rod 2; the bottom end of the supporting rod 2 is provided with a horizontally placed base 1; the two transparent hemispherical shells form a transparent closed spherical shell 5; the spherical shell 5 is fixed on the inner side of the dial 4, and the sphere center of the spherical shell 5 is superposed with the circle center of the dial 4; a first laser 6 is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the guide rail 3, and laser emitted by the first laser 6 points to the spherical center of the spherical shell 5; a second laser 7 is arranged on the inner side of the guide rail 3 in a sliding manner, the second laser 7 slides along the inner side of the guide rail 3, and the emitted laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell 5; damping exists between the second laser 7 and the guide rail 3, and the second laser 7 does not slide when external force is not applied; the spherical shell 5 is provided with a window 13, the bottom of the window 13 is higher than the spherical center of the spherical shell 5, and the window 13 is well sealed when closed; the spherical shell 5 is filled with smoke, and the smoke has a scattering effect on light, so that a light path which cannot be captured by naked eyes is converted into a visible and image-like light path, and observation is facilitated.

In at least one embodiment, the spherical shell 5 contains colloid 8, and due to the Tyndall effect of light in the colloid 8, the colloid 8 particles scatter light, so that a light path which cannot be captured by naked eyes is converted into a visible and image light path for convenient observation; the height of the liquid level of the colloid 8 is the same as that of the center of the ball shell 5.

In at least one embodiment, the lower end of the spherical shell 5 is horizontally provided with a reflector 9; one surface of the reflector 9 is a plane mirror, and the other surface is a spherical mirror, wherein the spherical surface is a convex surface or a concave surface; the mirror 9 is located directly below the first laser.

In at least one embodiment, the upper end of the spherical shell 5 is provided with a horizontally placed anamorphic lens 10; the lower end of the spherical shell 5 is provided with a horizontally placed light screen 11; the distortion lens 10 and the light screen 11 are both correspondingly arranged right below the first laser 6.

In at least one embodiment, a horizontally disposed corrective lens 12 is disposed within the spherical shell 5; the correction lens 12 is positioned above the anamorphic lens 10; the correcting lens 12 is located right below the first laser 6 and is coaxial with the anamorphic lens 10.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

first embodiment, the phenomena of refraction, reflection and total reflection of light at the interface between air and water and between water and air are demonstrated, referring to fig. 1-2. Since the refractive index of the colloid 8 is close to that of water, the colloid 8 is used instead of water. The colloid 8 and the smoke are injected into the spherical shell 5 through the window 13 in sequence, and the window 13 is closed. The first laser 6 and the second laser 7 are turned on, the light emitted by the first laser 6 being taken as a normal. The second laser 7 is adjusted to the appropriate position and the scale is recorded according to the scale disc 4. The light emitted from the second laser 7 to a section of the spherical center of the spherical shell 5 is incident light, a section of light propagating from the spherical center of the spherical shell 5 to another medium is refracted light, and a section of light propagating from the spherical center of the spherical shell 5 to the medium is reflected light. The incident angle, refraction angle and reflection angle are recorded according to the scale of the dial 4. Since air has a smaller refractive index than water, light cannot be totally reflected at the air-water interface. The second laser 7 is adjusted to any angle, and total reflection cannot occur. Since the refractive index of water is greater than that of air, light can be totally reflected at the interface between water and air. And adjusting the second laser 7 to the proper angle of the lower half part of the guide rail 3 to generate full emission.

Example two, specular and diffuse reflection of light is demonstrated, with reference to fig. 3-4. The reflector 9 is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the spherical shell 5. Smoke is injected into the spherical shell 5 through the window 13, closing the window 13. The first laser 6 is turned on and the light emitted by the first laser 6 is used as the incident light. When the reflecting mirror 9 faces upwards with a plane mirror, demonstrating the mirror reflection of light; the diffuse reflection of light is demonstrated when the mirror 9 is facing up with the spherical mirror side.

Example three, demonstrating imaging for myopia and hyperopia, reference is made to figures 5-6 (figure 5 does not identify the anamorphic lens 10 support). The distortion lens 10 is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the spherical shell 5, the light screen 11 is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the spherical shell 5, the distortion lens 10 is used for simulating the distortion of crystalline lens, and the light screen 11 is used for simulating the retina to bear images. The distortion lens 10 is a zoom lens, when the focal length of the distortion lens 10 is positive, the near vision imaging is demonstrated, and when the focal length of the distortion lens 10 is negative, the far vision imaging is demonstrated.

Example four, demonstrating correction of myopia and hyperopia, reference is made to figures 7-8 (figure 7 does not indicate the anamorphic lens 10 and the corrective lens 12 support). On the basis of the third embodiment, the correction lens 12 is provided in the spherical shell 5, and the correction lens 12 is provided above the anamorphic lens 10. An appropriate correction lens 12 is selected for light correction according to the focal length of the anamorphic lens 10.

The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures made by the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the same principle as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The optical demonstration instrument is characterized by comprising an annular guide rail (3) which is vertically arranged and an annular dial (4) which is fixed with the inner periphery of the guide rail (3); the bottom end of the guide rail (3) is provided with a vertical support rod (2); the bottom end of the supporting rod (2) is provided with a horizontally placed base (1); the two transparent hemispherical shells form a transparent closed spherical shell (5); the spherical shell (5) is fixed on the inner side of the dial (4), and the sphere center of the spherical shell (5) is superposed with the circle center of the dial (4); a first laser (6) is arranged on the inner side of the top end of the guide rail (3), and laser emitted by the first laser (6) points to the spherical center of the spherical shell (5); a second laser (7) is arranged on the inner side of the guide rail (3) in a sliding manner, the second laser (7) slides along the inner side of the guide rail (3), and the emitted laser points to the spherical center of the spherical shell (5); damping is present between the second laser (7) and the guide rail (3); the spherical shell (5) is provided with a window (13), and the bottom of the window (13) is higher than the spherical center of the spherical shell (5); the spherical shell (5) is filled with smoke.

2. The optical demonstration instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical shell (5) contains a colloid (8) inside; the height of the liquid level of the colloid (8) is the same as that of the sphere center of the spherical shell (5).

3. The optical demonstration instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the spherical shell (5) is horizontally provided with a reflector (9); one surface of the reflector (9) is a plane mirror, and the other surface is a spherical mirror; the reflector (9) is arranged directly below the first laser (6).

4. The optical demonstration instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the spherical shell (5) is provided with a horizontally placed anamorphic lens (10); the lower end of the spherical shell (5) is provided with a horizontally placed light screen (11); the distortion lens (10) and the light screen (11) are correspondingly arranged right below the first laser (6).

5. The optical demonstration instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that a horizontally placed correction lens (12) is arranged inside the spherical shell (5); the correcting lens (12) is positioned above the anamorphic lens (10); the correcting lens (12) is positioned right below the first laser and is coaxial with the anamorphic lens (10).