CN104561527A - Method for producing ferronickel by adding nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite - Google Patents
Method for producing ferronickel by adding nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104561527A CN104561527A CN201510071063.0A CN201510071063A CN104561527A CN 104561527 A CN104561527 A CN 104561527A CN 201510071063 A CN201510071063 A CN 201510071063A CN 104561527 A CN104561527 A CN 104561527A
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- nickel sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing ferronickel by adding nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite. The method comprises the following steps: a, performing roasting pretreatment on the nickel sulfide concentrate; b, mixing pretreated nickel sulfide concentrate, dried laterite and reduced coal, and performing roasting pre-reduction on the mixture, wherein the temperature of an exit high-temperature roasted sand is 650-750 DEG C; due to the addition amount of the nickel sulfide concentrate, in the mixed total ore, the content of S is less than and equal to 0.2%, and the content of As is less than and equal to 0.005%; c, adding 650-750 DEG C high-temperature roasted sands to a submerged arc furnace and smelting to obtain a ferronickel product; controlling the melting point of slag to be 1480-1500 DEG C, controlling the content of SiO2 in the slag to be 50-53%, the content of MgO in the slag to be 27-30% and the content of FeO in the slag to be 8-11%. According to the method for producing the ferronickel by adding the nickel sulfide concentrate in the lateritic, the nickel sulfide concentrate replaces a part of lateritic to produce the ferronickel, the production is smooth, the quality of the ferronickel is qualified, and a new ideal and method is provided for the comprehensive utilization of nickel-containing resources; the economical benefits and social benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to J. sigillate field, be specifically related to produce ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in a kind of laterite.
Background technology
Ferronickel is the important source material of producing stainless steel and Heat resisting cast steel etc., adds nickel and can improve the solidity to corrosion of steel, the tensile strength improving steel, cold deformation and welding property etc., be widely used in the fields such as machinery, medical treatment, national defence, light industry in steel.The nickel provided by ferronickel has at present accounted for more than 50% of the required nickel amount in the whole world, and China reaches more than 75% in 2013, and proportion can be increasing.
Can have two classes for the nickel resources producing ferronickel in the world, a class is nickel sulfide ore; Another kind of is nickel oxide ore, because its surface takes on a red color, is also laterite.The whole world explored nickel minerals reserves about 23,000,000,000 tons, average nickel content is 0.97%, and wherein nickel sulfide ore reserves are about 10,500,000,000 tons, and average grade is 0.58%, accounts for 28% of nickel total resources; Nickel oxide ore is about 12,600,000,000 tons, and average grade is 1.28%, accounts for 72% of nickel total resources, and it is that topmost raw material produced by ferronickel.
China produces laterite resource needed for ferronickel and mainly comes from Indonesia and Philippines, accounts for more than 90% of the annual required nickel resources of China.In January, 2014 rises, government of Indonesia implements and forbids raw ore export policy, very large impact is caused to the ferronickel manufacturing enterprise of China, in order to tackle this ban, all nickel resources that can meet needed for ferronickel production must be sought be used, alleviate the buying pressure of laterite on the one hand, make production direct motion on the other hand, reduce production cost.
The utilization of China's nickel sulfide ore mainly contains two kinds of methods: one is utilize electric furnace, blast furnace, Flash Smelting Furnace to be smelted into low nickel matte, the precious metals such as Cu, Co then inside wet underwater welding, then by electrolysis production nickel plate; Two is directly adopt pressure leaching, leach liquor electrolysis production nickel plate, and the former utilizes pyrogenic process and wet method to combine to produce nickel plate, and the rate of recovery of nickel is low; The latter adopts merely wet processing to produce nickel plate, and throughput is lower, and energy consumption is high.So far nobody is directly used in pyrometallurgical smelting production ferronickel to nickel sulfide ore, trace it to its cause mainly in nickel sulfide ore sulphur, arsenic and other impurity contents high, cause sulphur in ferro-nickel product, arsenic content high, do not reach quality product requirement, and magnesium oxide, dioxide-containing silica are low, slag making difficulty, cause nickel recovery on the low side, production cost is too high.
Instant invention overcomes numerous difficulties, in laterite, produce ferronickel with addition of partial vulcanization nickel ore concentrate, thereby reduce a ton nickel minerals consumption, reduce a ton nickel production cost, enhance the handiness of material matching, alleviate laterite buying pressure, be conducive to production direct motion and reduce production cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide in a kind of laterite and produces ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: produce ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in a kind of laterite, comprise the steps:
A, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment, remove the S of more than the 90% and As of more than 30% in nickel sulfide concentrate;
B, by the nickel sulfide concentrate after roasting pretreatment, moisture 20 ~ 25% laterite do ore deposit and reduction coal mixing, mixing after send into rotary kiln carry out roasting prereduction; Rotary kiln outlet high temperature calcining temperature 650 ~ 750 DEG C; The amount of allocating into of nickel sulfide concentrate is done mixed S and the As content in ore deposit according to nickel sulfide concentrate and laterite and determines, and makes S content≤0.2%, As content≤0.005% after mixing;
C, 650 ~ 750 DEG C of high temperature calcinings are sent to mine heat furnace smelting obtain ferro-nickel product; Control slag melting point 1480 ~ 1500 DEG C, control SiO in slag
250 ~ 53%, MgO 27 ~ 30%, FeO 8 ~ 11%.
Wherein, reduction coal described in aforesaid method step b is that bituminous coal and hard coal form with the proportioning of required total charcoal amount each 50%.
Wherein, in step a of the present invention, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment and adopt circulating fluidized bed, maturing temperature 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C.S and As in nickel sulfide concentrate and other impurity elements of part are removed to try one's best.The sulfurous gas produced in roasting can adopt acid making system to reclaim, thus improves the economic benefit of present invention process.
In step b of the present invention, the amount of allocating into of general nickel sulfide concentrate is 0.4 ~ 5% of total ore deposit amount.
Percentage composition of the present invention is mass percentage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by the aggregate measures of nickel sulfide concentrate being carried out to pre-treatment, control nickelous sulfide proportioning, control pre-reduction temperature, control metallurgical slag type, the present invention can be utilized replaces part laterite to produce ferronickel containing the nickel sulfide concentrate that S, As are higher, and production direct motion, ferronickel is up-to-standard; Thus decrease a ton nickel minerals consumption, reduce a ton nickel production cost, alleviate the buying pressure of laterite, enhance the handiness of material matching.The present invention is that nickeliferous comprehensive utilization of resources provides a kind of new thinking and countermeasure, produces open vast potential for future development more for domestic ferronickel.
Embodiment
Produce ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite of the present invention, comprise the steps:
A, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment, remove the S of more than the 90% and As of more than 30% in nickel sulfide concentrate;
B, by the nickel sulfide concentrate after roasting pretreatment, moisture 20 ~ 25% laterite do ore deposit and reduction coal mixing, mixing after send into rotary kiln carry out roasting prereduction; Rotary kiln outlet high temperature calcining temperature 650 ~ 750 DEG C; The amount of allocating into of nickel sulfide concentrate is done mixed S and the As content in ore deposit according to nickel sulfide concentrate and laterite and determines, and makes S content≤0.2%, As content≤0.005% after mixing;
C, 650 ~ 750 DEG C of high temperature calcinings are sent to mine heat furnace smelting obtain ferro-nickel product; Control slag melting point 1480 ~ 1500 DEG C, control SiO in slag
250 ~ 53%, MgO 27 ~ 30%, FeO 8 ~ 11%.
The singularity that nickel sulfide ore forms due to it, is therefore mainly used in hydrometallurgy, but the above-mentioned comprehensive technological scheme of the present invention just achieves the imagination that nickel sulfide concentrate replaces part laterite pyrogenic process production ferronickel.Nickel sulfide ore is used for pyrometallurgical smelting for those skilled in the art, may expect, but the problem of reality is allocated into by nickelous sulfide when smelting in laterite how just to enable production carry out smoothly, how just can produce qualified ferronickel than being easier to.First the present invention carries out roasting pretreatment to nickel sulfide concentrate, the S of more than the 90% and As of more than 30% in nickel sulfide concentrate must be removed, such ability is that place mat is carried out in follow-up prereduction and smelting, otherwise can not consume these sulphur, arsenic and some other impurity in prereduction with in smelting, quality product can not be up to standard.The present invention needs the temperature 650 ~ 750 DEG C controlling outlet high temperature calcining in the process of prereduction, theoretically, temperature herein should be more high better, is more beneficial to the removal of the impurity such as sulphur, but the high rotary kiln skinning that can make employing raw material of the present invention of temperature herein, the direct motion that impact is produced.Step b of the present invention controls mixed sulphur, arsenic content, also the basic controlling content of some other impurity element, and the control of content herein can produce qualified ferronickel for smelting step and provide support and place mat.Slag type SiO is controlled when the present invention smelts
250 ~ 53%, MgO 27 ~ 30%, FeO 8 ~ 11%, slag type determines the fusing point of slag, temperature of fusion, viscosity, density, basicity and the quantity of slag etc., slag type is ensureing carrying out smoothly of smelting operation, the composition of metal smelting melt and quality, the aspects such as the rate of recovery of metal and every technico-economical comparison of smelting all play conclusive effect, and the retailoring of selection to ferronickel of slag type has very important significance.The present invention selects this slag, and slag melting point, at 1480 ~ 1500 DEG C, meets nickel-iron smelting temperature requirement, and metal is separated very well with slag, production direct motion.If MgO is higher, SiO
2, FeO is on the low side, cause slag melting point high, tapping temperature is high, and electrode is not easily lower to be inserted, calorific loss is large, and power consumption increases, thus affects production direct motion, otherwise causes slag melting point on the low side, tapping temperature is low, and slag can not be separated very well with metal, and nickel recovery reduces, and production cost increases.
Preferably, reduction coal described in aforesaid method step b is that bituminous coal and hard coal form with the proportioning of required total charcoal amount each 50%.The reducing property of bituminous coal is better than hard coal, is conducive to the reduction of metal, but its volatile matter is high, and burning-point is low, easily ties kliner coating.Therefore, reductive agent selects bituminous coal and anthracitic array mode, both ensure that the reduction of the metals such as Ni, Fe, in turn ensure that rotary kiln is not tied kliner coating thus normally produces.
Below by embodiment, the specific embodiment of the invention is described further.
Embodiment
1, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment, remove the S of more than the 90% and As of more than 30% in nickel sulfide concentrate.Before and after roasting pretreatment, composition is as shown in table 1:
Composition transfer before and after the pre-treatment of table 1 Roasting of Nickel Suphide Concentrate
| Composition % | Ni | TFe | MgO | CaO | SiO2 | P | S | As |
| Before roasting | 10.19 | 23.85 | 11.09 | 1.6 | 13.77 | 0.015 | 15.5 | 0.2 |
| After roasting | 11.84 | 27.72 | 12.89 | 1.86 | 16.0 | 0.017 | 1.55 | 0.14 |
2, ore deposit roasting prereduction is joined.It is as shown in table 2 that laterite and nickel sulfide concentrate join ore deposit situation, and the reduction coal amount of allocating into is 69kg/ ton butt ore deposit, wherein, and the bituminous coal amount of allocating into 37kg, the hard coal amount of allocating into 32kg.
Table 2 laterite and nickel sulfide concentrate join ore deposit situation
3, go out rotary kiln calcining temperature 650 DEG C, 650 DEG C of high temperature calcinings are sent to mine heat furnace smelting and obtain ferro-nickel product, product and slag situation are in shown in table 3 and table 4:
Table 3 product composition (%)
| Ni | Cr | Si | P | S | As |
| 12.33 | 1.47 | 3.50 | 0.027 | 0.235 | 0.049 |
Table 4 slag type
| SiO2 | MgO | FeO | Fusing point DEG C |
| 53.26 | 27.35 | 10.92 | 1485 |
Embodiment of the present invention production direct motion, can obtain qualified ferro-nickel product.
Comparative example
Comparative example is carried out according to the process of above-described embodiment, and uniquely unlike controlling out rotary kiln calcining temperature 600 DEG C, the finished product composition is as shown in table 5:
Table 5 product composition (%)
| Ni | Cr | Si | P | S | As |
| 12.33 | 1.47 | 3.50 | 0.027 | 0.403 | 0.052 |
As can be seen here, S, As decreasing ratio in rotary kiln reduces, and causes S and As in product to exceed standard (product requirement S < 0.4%, As < 0.05%).As pomace type controls not within the scope of the present invention, metal can not be separated very well with slag, nickel recovery reduces, or electrode is not easily lower slotting, and calorific loss is large, causes and produces not direct motion.The present invention is only briefly described with above-mentioned comparative example: comprehensive technological scheme of the present invention can utilize smoothly and replace part laterite to produce ferronickel containing the higher nickel sulfide concentrate of S, As, ensures that production direct motion, ferronickel are up-to-standard.
Claims (3)
1. produce a ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment, remove the S of more than the 90% and As of more than 30% in nickel sulfide concentrate;
B, by the nickel sulfide concentrate after roasting pretreatment, moisture 20 ~ 25% laterite do ore deposit and reduction coal mixing, mixing after send into rotary kiln carry out roasting prereduction; Rotary kiln outlet high temperature calcining temperature 650 ~ 750 DEG C; The amount of allocating into of nickel sulfide concentrate is done mixed S and the As content in ore deposit according to nickel sulfide concentrate and laterite and determines, and makes S content≤0.2%, As content≤0.005% after mixing;
C, 650 ~ 750 DEG C of high temperature calcinings are sent to mine heat furnace smelting obtain ferro-nickel product; Control slag melting point 1480 ~ 1500 DEG C, control SiO in slag
250 ~ 53%, MgO 27 ~ 30%, FeO 8 ~ 11%.
2. produce ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: reduction coal described in step b is that bituminous coal and hard coal form with the proportioning of required total charcoal amount each 50%.
3. produce ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate in laterite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step a, nickel sulfide concentrate is carried out roasting pretreatment and adopt circulating fluidized bed, maturing temperature 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C.
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| CN201510071063.0A CN104561527B (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-02-10 | A kind of laterite produces ferronickel method with addition of nickel sulfide concentrate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105536932A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 四川金欣机械有限公司 | High-chromium bimetal liquid composite hammer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110819791A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-21 | 广东广青金属科技有限公司 | Production process of nickel-containing molten iron with low iron distribution and low silicon-magnesium ratio for submerged arc furnace |
| CN110819804A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-21 | 广东广青金属科技有限公司 | Low iron-distribution and low silicon-magnesium ratio furnace charge for submerged arc furnace and production process |
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| CN102492843A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Production method through combined treatment of laterite by direct current electric furnace |
| CN103210099A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 泰姆5有限公司 | Hydrometallurgical method for the recovery of zinc in a sulphur medium from sulphured zinc concentrates |
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| CN103210099A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 泰姆5有限公司 | Hydrometallurgical method for the recovery of zinc in a sulphur medium from sulphured zinc concentrates |
| CN102492843A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Production method through combined treatment of laterite by direct current electric furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105536932A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 四川金欣机械有限公司 | High-chromium bimetal liquid composite hammer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110819791A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-21 | 广东广青金属科技有限公司 | Production process of nickel-containing molten iron with low iron distribution and low silicon-magnesium ratio for submerged arc furnace |
| CN110819804A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-21 | 广东广青金属科技有限公司 | Low iron-distribution and low silicon-magnesium ratio furnace charge for submerged arc furnace and production process |
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