CN103045790B - Containing nickel steel production technology - Google Patents

Containing nickel steel production technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103045790B
CN103045790B CN201210566131.7A CN201210566131A CN103045790B CN 103045790 B CN103045790 B CN 103045790B CN 201210566131 A CN201210566131 A CN 201210566131A CN 103045790 B CN103045790 B CN 103045790B
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Prior art keywords
nickel
molten iron
production technology
containing mineral
steel production
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CN201210566131.7A
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CN103045790A (en
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崔东瑞
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HEBEI ENERGY-SAVING AND REFRACTORY MATERIALS GROUP Co Ltd
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HEBEI ENERGY-SAVING AND REFRACTORY MATERIALS GROUP Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of containing nickel steel production technology, including the molten iron that preparation temperature in blast furnace is 1400 DEG C~1520 DEG C, transfer molten iron, in converter or electric furnace, adds nickel-containing mineral so that it is contact with molten iron in converter or electric furnace;Heating nickel-containing mineral is smelted to 1400 DEG C~1600 DEG C with molten iron。The present invention fully optimizes traditional containing nickel steel production technology, smelting and the production process of ferronickel and metallic nickel are saved, dilval and metallic nickel is replaced with nickel-containing ore, while ensureing nickel recovery rate, significantly reduce production cost, make production efficiency be improved, reduce economic input, save big content of starting materials, be suitable in relevant nickeliferous steel smelting field popularization and application。

Description

Containing nickel steel production technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel alloy smelting process, particularly relate to a kind of containing nickel steel production technology。
Background technology
At present, metallic nickel currently suffers from attention in steel smelting produces, especially the production of rustless steel and high-grade alloy steel, the technique of its smelting is mainly through carrying out addition alloy treatment in the converter of steel-making (iron ore → sintering → blast furnace ironmaking → desulfurizing iron → converter (or electric furnace) → additions alloy → finely tune composition → continuous casting → rolling → finished steel to LF stove or RH or other refining equipment) or electric furnace stage, namely in converter or electric furnace, add metallic nickel or dilval reach composition needed for steel grade, in this process, consume a large amount of metallic nickel or dilval, some then directly adopts containing nickel steel production technology and electrolytic nickel is joined the mode carrying out in converter smelting carries out, wherein, although electrolytic nickel purity is high, but production technology cost is high, and, to use nickel sulfide ore to prepare the in the majority of electrolytic nickel and dilval in existing technique, environment is also resulted in more serious pollution by production process, therefore, research emphatically is carried out for the nickeliferous thing needing to add from ore source and steel smelting of smelting containing nickel steel, while ensureing containing nickel steel quality, optimized production process, fully reduce production cost, energy-saving consumption-reducing, and effectively reduce the discharge of environmental contaminants。
In prior art, patent of invention ZL201210300692.2 discloses a kind of low nickel pig iron smelting method containing nickel steel that adopts in converter, belongs to converter steeling technology field。The technical parameter controlled in technique is: low nickel pig iron proportional quantity calculates according to the actual nickel content in the low nickel pig iron and absorbance 99%;Furnace charge is configured to: molten iron, steel scrap and the low nickel pig iron, bessemerizes whole converting process oxygen-supplying amount rising 2%-10% in process。This invention is to a certain extent, it is beneficial to the steel grade smelting reduction cost that nickel content is 0.10 ~ 0.50%, when relatively efficiently decreasing converter producing containing nickel steel to electrolytic nickel or ferronickel etc. high price alloy resource dependence, but, this invention only embodies the recycling to the low nickel pig iron and steel scrap at raw material, technique still needs to oxygen blast, adds white lime alkali tune degree, optimize preferably so that it is cost reduces limitation。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, for prior art Problems existing, it is provided that a kind of containing nickel steel production technology, with a large amount of raw material of production technology saving optimized, ensure containing, while nickel steel quality, the Financial cost of production being greatly reduced, and effectively reduces the discharge of environmental contaminants。
This invention address that the technical scheme of problem is: a kind of containing nickel steel production technology, comprise the steps:
(1) molten iron is prepared
In blast furnace, preparation temperature is the molten iron of 1400 DEG C~1520 DEG C;
(2) transfer molten iron
The molten iron that step (1) obtains is joined in converter or electric furnace;
(3) nickel-containing mineral is added
To the converter described in step (2) or in electric furnace add nickel-containing mineral so that it is contact with molten iron;
(4) smelt
The molten iron of step (3) and nickel-containing mineral are heated, are warming up to 1400 DEG C~1600 DEG C。
Further, in described step (1), the weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 2.0% ~ 3.4%, the C of 3.6% ~ 4.6%, and surplus is Fe, and for inevitable impurity such as S, P, its content range is S≤0.3%, P≤0.13%;At high temperature, C, Si composition activity in molten iron is better than nickel, it is possible to make nickel oxide fully be reduced to metallic nickel
Further, in described step (3), described nickel-containing mineral is the nickel ores containing nickel oxide such as lateritic nickel ore;Preferably, the nickel content of described nickel-containing mineral is 0.3% ~ 3.0%;It is preferred that the particle diameter of described nickel-containing mineral is 20mm ~ 150mm。
Further, in described step (3), the nickel-containing mineral of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described nickel-containing mineral is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be: nickel-containing mineral is mixed by (3.1) with reducing agent, and the particle diameter of gained mixture is 20mm~150mm;(3.2) by the roasting at 550 DEG C~750 DEG C of gained mixture;Reducing agent described in step (3.1) is the material of carbon containing。In this pre-reduction treatment step, it is possible to make the nickel oxide part contained by nickel-containing mineral be reduced, part chemical bond is in the state of activation in various degree so that its contact with high temperature liquid iron in step (4) after by reducing agent fast restores such as carbon。
Preferably, in described step (3.1), described reducing agent is one or several in carbon dust, graphite and coal。
Preferably, in described step (3.1), in described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 3%~15% of the quality of nickel。
Preferably, in described step (3.2), the mixture of described nickel-containing mineral and reducing agent is at 600 DEG C~700 DEG C roasting 1 ~ 4h, and wherein, heating rate during heating blends is preferred with 5 ~ 25 ° of C/min;Time and heating rate that concrete roasting keeps are determined according to the granularity of nickel-containing mineral Yu the mixture of reducing agent, such as, particle diameter is that 80mm~150mm is preferred with 4h, particle diameter is that 20mm~40mm is preferred with 1h, particle diameter is that 60mm~100mm is preferred with 3.5h, particle diameter is 40mm~60mm, is preferred with 2h。
Further, in described step (4), it is 10 ~ 20 ° of C/min to nickel-containing mineral and the blend heated heating rate of molten iron。
Further, in described step (4), the mixture of nickel-containing mineral and molten iron keeps 8~15min at 1400 DEG C~1600 DEG C, actual temp and time are determined according to the amount of molten iron and nickel to be restored, avoid response time long impact containing nickel steel quality guaranteeing in nickel-containing mineral that nickel is thoroughly reduced simultaneously。
Preferably, in described step (1), prepare molten iron through the heated by electrodes bulk pig iron。
Preferably, after above-mentioned smelting process terminates, it is possible to product is goed deep into processed, can recycle smelting residue, for instance, the needs according to practiced steel grade, add required Calx and/or bits composition is adjusted by slagging agent so that it is be recycled recycling。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: fully optimize traditional containing nickel steel production technology, smelting and the production process of ferronickel and metallic nickel are saved, replace dilval and metallic nickel with nickel-containing ore, while ensureing nickel recovery rate, significantly reduce production cost, production efficiency is made to be improved, reduce economic input, saved big content of starting materials, be suitable in relevant nickeliferous steel smelting field popularization and application。
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind production technology containing nickel steel comprises the steps:
(1) molten iron is prepared
Blast furnace obtains the molten iron that 4t temperature is 1470 DEG C;
(2) transfer molten iron
The molten iron ladle that step (1) obtains is joined in electric furnace;
(3) lateritic nickel ore stone is added
The lateritic nickel ore stone 400kg that nickel content is 2% is added so that it is be fully contacted with molten iron in the electric furnace described in step (2);
(4) smelt
The molten iron of step (3) and lateritic nickel ore stone are heated, are warming up to 1550 DEG C, and keep 10min at 1550 DEG C。
In above-described embodiment:
In described step (1), the weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 2.7%, the C of 4.1%, and surplus is Fe;
In described step (3), described lateritic nickel ore stone particle diameter is 20mm~150mm;
In described step (4), it is 15 ° of C/min to nickel-containing mineral and the blend heated heating rate of molten iron。
Above-mentioned containing nickel steel production technology, make full use of high temperature in stove and make its lateritic nickel ore stone melt, and make full use of C, Si composition activity in molten iron and be better than the character of nickel, make nickel oxide at high temperature be reduced sufficiently as metallic nickel。After above-mentioned smelting process terminates, it is possible to product is goed deep into processed, it is possible to recycle smelting residue, for instance, the needs according to practiced steel grade, add required Calx and/or bits composition is adjusted by slagging agent so that it is be recycled recycling。
Above-mentioned containing nickel steel production technology with traditional containing compared with nickel steel production technology, having carried out significantly optimizing, saved smelting and the production process of ferronickel; dilval is replaced with nickel-containing ore; while ensureing nickel recovery rate, significantly reduce production cost, make production efficiency be fully enhanced; and correspondingly reduce a large amount of economic input; save big content of starting materials, and, choosing of nickel oxide ores raw material; it is more conducive to protection environment, it is to avoid the discharge of the pollutant such as sulfur-bearing。
Table 1 is containing correlative data in nickel steel production
As shown in Table 1, above-mentioned is 0.188% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 94%。
Embodiment 2
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 1, the difference is that, in described step (3), the lateritic nickel ore stone of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described lateritic nickel ore stone is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be:
(3.1) mixing with reducing agent after being pulverized by lateritic nickel ore stone, the particle diameter preparing mixture is 20mm-150mm;
(3.2) by gained mixture roasting 3h at 650 DEG C;
Wherein, described reducing agent is carbon dust, and in described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 5% of the quality of nickel。
In the above-described embodiments, by the pre-reduction treatment to lateritic nickel ore stone, make that its contained nickel oxide part is reduced, part chemical bond is in the state of activation in various degree, so that its contact with high temperature liquid iron in step (4) after by reducing agent fast restores such as carbon, and then be beneficial to production efficiency be greatly improved。
Above-mentioned is 0.19% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 95%。
Embodiment 3
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 1, the difference is that:
In step (1), blast furnace obtains the molten iron that 4t temperature is 1400 DEG C;
In step (4), the lateritic nickel ore stone of step (3) and molten iron are heated, are warming up to 1400 DEG C, and keep 8min at 1400 DEG C。
In above-described embodiment:
In described step (1), the weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 2.0%, the C of 3.6%, and surplus is Fe;
In described step (3), described lateritic nickel ore stone particle diameter is 40mm~60mm;
In described step (4), it is 10 ° of C/min to nickel-containing mineral and the blend heated heating rate of molten iron。
Above-mentioned is 0.186% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 93%。
Embodiment 4
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 3, the difference is that, in described step (3), the lateritic nickel ore stone of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described lateritic nickel ore stone is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be:
(3.1) mixing with reducing agent after being pulverized by lateritic nickel ore stone, the particle diameter preparing mixture is 40mm-60mm;
(3.2) by gained mixture roasting 2h at 550 DEG C;
Wherein, described reducing agent is fat coal。In described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 3% of the quality of nickel。
Above-mentioned is 0.188% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 94%。
Embodiment 5
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 1, the difference is that,
In step (1), blast furnace obtains the molten iron that 4t temperature is 1520 DEG C;
In step (4), the molten iron of step (3) and lateritic nickel ore stone are heated, are warming up to 1600 DEG C, and keep 15min at 1600 DEG C。
In above-described embodiment:
In described step (1), the weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 3.4%, the C of 4.6%, and surplus is Fe;
In described step (3), described lateritic nickel ore stone particle diameter is 60mm~100mm;
In described step (4), it is 20 ° of C/min to nickel-containing mineral and the blend heated heating rate of molten iron。
Above-mentioned is 0.186% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 93%。
Embodiment 6
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 5, the difference is that, in described step (3), the lateritic nickel ore stone of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described lateritic nickel ore stone is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be:
(3.1) mixing with reducing agent after being pulverized by lateritic nickel ore stone, the particle diameter preparing mixture is 60mm-100mm;
(3.2) by gained mixture roasting 3.5h at 700 DEG C;
Wherein, described reducing agent is carbon dust, and in described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 15% of the quality of nickel。
Above-mentioned is 0.192% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 96%。
Embodiment 7
For prepare that nickel content is 0.2% containing nickel steel, this kind containing nickel steel production craft step with embodiment 6, the difference is that, in described step (3), the lateritic nickel ore stone of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described lateritic nickel ore stone is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be:
(3.1) mixing with reducing agent after being pulverized by lateritic nickel ore stone, the particle diameter preparing mixture is 80mm-150mm;
(3.2) by gained mixture roasting 4h at 750 DEG C;
Wherein, described reducing agent is the material of carbon containing, and in described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 12% of the quality of nickel。
Above-mentioned is 0.19% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 95%。
Embodiment 8
For prepare that nickel content is 0.45% containing nickel steel, this kind production technology containing nickel steel comprises the steps:
(1) molten iron is prepared
Blast furnace obtains the molten iron that 4t temperature is 1470 DEG C;
(2) transfer molten iron
The molten iron ladle that step (1) obtains is joined in electric furnace;
(3) lateritic nickel ore stone is added
The lateritic nickel ore stone 600kg that particle diameter is 30mm~110mm and nickel content is 3.0% is added so that it is be fully contacted with molten iron in the electric furnace described in step (2);
(4) smelt
The molten iron of step (3) and lateritic nickel ore stone are heated, are warming up to 1550 DEG C with the heating rate of 16 ° of C/min, and keep 10min at 1550 DEG C。
In above-described embodiment:
In described step (1), the weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 3.4%, the C of 4.6%, and surplus is Fe;In described step (3), the lateritic nickel ore stone of addition is the nickel-containing mineral through pre-reduction treatment;Described lateritic nickel ore stone is carried out pre-reduction treatment step be:
(3.1) mixing with carbon powder reducing agent after being pulverized by lateritic nickel ore stone, the particle diameter preparing mixture is 30mm-110mm;
(3.2) by gained mixture roasting 2.5h at 600 DEG C;
Wherein, the quality of described carbon dust is in nickel-containing mineral the 8% of the quality of nickel。
Table 1 is containing correlative data in nickel steel production
As shown in Table 1, above-mentioned is 0.44% containing nickel steel production technology gained containing nickel content in nickel steel, and nickel recovery rate is 97.8%。
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, made above-mentioned embodiment is any conspicuously improved of those skilled in the art or change, all without the protection domain beyond the design of the present invention and claims。

Claims (6)

1. one kind containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) molten iron is prepared
In blast furnace, preparation temperature is the molten iron of 1400 DEG C~1520 DEG C;The weight/mass percentage composition of the component of gained molten iron is: the Si of 2.0%~3.4%, the C of 3.6%~4.6%, and surplus is Fe;
(2) transfer molten iron
The molten iron that step (1) obtains is joined in converter or electric furnace;
(3) nickel-containing mineral is added
To the converter described in step (2) or in electric furnace add nickel-containing mineral;Described nickel-containing mineral is lateritic nickel ore;
Described nickel-containing mineral carries out pre-reduction treatment according to the following steps before adding converter or electric furnace:
(3.1) being mixed with reducing agent by nickel-containing mineral, the particle diameter of gained mixture is 20mm~150mm;
(3.2) by the roasting at 550 DEG C~750 DEG C of gained mixture;
In described step (3.1), described reducing agent is the material of carbon containing;
(4) smelt
It is heated being warming up to 1400 DEG C~1600 DEG C by the molten iron of step (3) and nickel-containing mineral。
2. according to claim 1 containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that in described step (3.1), described reducing agent is one or several in carbon dust, graphite and coal。
3. according to claim 1 containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that in described step (3.1), in described reducing agent, the quality of carbon containing is in nickel-containing mineral the 3%~15% of nickel quality。
4. according to claim 1 containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that in described step (3.2), the mixture of described nickel-containing mineral and reducing agent is at 600 DEG C~700 DEG C roasting 1~4h。
5. according to claim 1 containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that in described step (4), it is 10~20 DEG C/min to nickel-containing mineral and the blend heated heating rate of molten iron。
6. according to claim 1 containing nickel steel production technology, it is characterised in that in described step (4), the mixture of nickel-containing mineral and molten iron keeps 8~15min at 1400 DEG C~1600 DEG C。
CN201210566131.7A 2012-12-24 2012-12-24 Containing nickel steel production technology Expired - Fee Related CN103045790B (en)

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CN103642978B (en) * 2013-12-09 2015-12-30 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 A kind of electric furnace short route smelts the method containing nickel steel
CN104878154B (en) * 2015-05-22 2018-01-30 武汉钢铁有限公司 The method of nickel minerals direct Reducing and Alloying in converter
CN104962826A (en) * 2015-05-30 2015-10-07 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 Method for producing corrosion resistance type section steel by using laterite-nickel ore
CN115354214A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-11-18 日照钢铁控股集团有限公司 Method for producing weathering steel with low energy consumption, low carbon emission and low cost

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