CN104556770B - Concrete admixture and application thereof in concrete containing machine-made sand - Google Patents
Concrete admixture and application thereof in concrete containing machine-made sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN104556770B CN104556770B CN201310512205.3A CN201310512205A CN104556770B CN 104556770 B CN104556770 B CN 104556770B CN 201310512205 A CN201310512205 A CN 201310512205A CN 104556770 B CN104556770 B CN 104556770B
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Abstract
The invention provides a concrete admixture comprising a water reducing agent, dipropyl amine and sodium hexametaphosphate. The invention also provides an application of the admixture in concrete containing machine-made sand. The concrete admixture provided by the invention is prepared by compounding the water reducing agent with dipropyl amine and sodium hexametaphosphate so as to ensure that the concrete has good workability without causing water bleeding and segregating phenomena, and thus the later working performance of the concrete can be ensured. The concrete admixture provided by the invention is particularly suitable for the machine-made sand concrete with relatively high content of mud and stone powder, and can be used for greatly improving the mechanical performance and construction performance of the machine-made sand concrete so as to ensure that the machine-made sand concrete can be used for completely replacing natural sand concrete to be applied to the field of architectures; and the concrete admixture can be used for reducing the mining of natural sand, and is more beneficial to the requirements of sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to concrete admixture field is and in particular to a kind of concrete admixture and its mixed containing Machine-made Sand
Purposes in solidifying soil.
Background technology
Concrete is typically made up of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, additive, water and additive.Wherein, sand belongs to thin and collects
Material, its quality will account for 30% about.Sandy plain is formed under natural conditions effect by rock, therefore claims natural sand.With economical
Development, natural sand resource is increasingly exhausted, and the excessive exploitation of natural sand also result in great pressure to environment, ecology.Same with this
When, China's capital construction project grows with each passing day, and so that Machine-made Sand is arisen at the historic moment, made sand to substitute natural sand has become as building sand
For a kind of trend.
The ore of the Machine-made Sand of domestic use is limestone at present, contains stone flour in crushing process.This stone flour fineness
Little, it supplements the fine grained lacking in concrete, increases the ratio to water volume for the surface area of solid, thus decrease secreting
Water and isolation, and stone flour can form the slurry of softness with the cementitious matters such as cement and water, that is, increased the slurry amount of concrete, reduce
Friction between sandstone, thus improve the workability of concrete.But, the content of stone powder in Machine-made Sand also should have a fixed limit
Degree, exceedes this limit, and with the increase of content of stone powder, concrete mix water consumption increases, and mixture becomes dry thick, also can
Lead to the decline of concrete cracking and intensity, how in 10-20%, content is higher, therefore to mixed for the content of stone powder of existing Machine-made Sand
The performance of solidifying soil causes certain impact.Simultaneously as part soil can be brought into during exploitation limestone, this part soil
Bring in sand together with stone flour, also result in the hydraulic performance decline of concrete.These are all application system sand in current concrete
The difficult problem being faced.
In Machine-made Sand, content of stone powder increases, and the diminishing dosage of needs and water consumption will increase, and this is accomplished by more efficient
Water reducer.The high efficiency water reducing agents such as poly carboxylic acid series water reducer are the class water reducers that developed recently gets up, and subtract with other types of
Aqua is similar to, and when in concrete, clay content, amount containing stone flour are relatively low, effect is obvious, the work of concrete for poly carboxylic acid series water reducer
Performance is ideal.But, when clay content therein, amount containing stone flour increase, high efficiency water reducing agent loses excellent effect
Effect, the service behaviour of concrete declines substantially.Therefore, for concrete field, it is badly in need of exploitation at present a kind of new additional
Agent, in the case that concrete clay content, amount containing stone flour are higher, also enables excellent service behaviour.
Content of the invention
For overcoming existing concrete additive cannot be applied to the defect of the higher concrete of clay content, amount containing stone flour, this
The purpose of invention is to provide a kind of concrete admixture.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of purposes of concrete admixture.
The concrete admixture that the present invention provides, includes following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.05～3 part；
Calgon：0.01～1 part.
Preferably, described concrete admixture includes following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.1～2 part；
Calgon：0.05～0.5 part.
It is highly preferred that described concrete admixture includes following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.5～1 part；
Calgon：0.2～0.4 part.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is preferably combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is more preferably formula（Ι）Described structure is gathered
Compound.
Wherein, M represents H, alkali metal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine
Group；- AO- and-BO- separately represents-C2H4O-、-C3H6O-、-C4H8O- or the ordered block being formed between them
Or unordered miscellaneous block；r+s>1；t+u>1；R, s, t, u separately represent 0～250 integer；M represents 5～300 positive number,
m:o:p:Q=0.1～0.9:0.1～0.9:0～0.8:0～0.3；R1 and R2 separately represents H or C1～C20Alkyl.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described concrete is the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.
Present invention also offers purposes in the concrete containing Machine-made Sand for the above-mentioned additive.
The concrete admixture that the present invention provides is compounded with propane diamine, calgon using water reducer, propane diamine
The soil and stone flour dispersiveness in concrete can be significantly improved with calgon synergy, the water reducing ability of water reducer in addition
With Viscosity-reducing, the additive that the present invention provides can make concrete workability good, and no bleeding, segregation phenomenon occur, so that mixed
The later stage work performance of solidifying soil is guaranteed.
The concrete admixture that the present invention provides is particularly suited for the machine-made sand concrete higher containing mud and stone flour amount, can be big
Width improves the mechanical property and workability containing machine-made sand concrete, thus it can be made to substitute natural sand concrete completely being used for building
Build field, the requirement of the exploitation of natural sand, more conducively environmental protection and sustainable development can be reduced.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, will be further described below the example of the present invention
The technical scheme of property embodiment.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of concrete admixture, include following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.05～3 part；
Calgon：0.01～1 part.
Preferably, described concrete admixture includes following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.1～2 part；
Calgon：0.05～0.5 part.
It is highly preferred that described concrete admixture includes following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.5～1 part；
Calgon：0.2～0.4 part.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, water reducer can be the high efficiency water reducing agent of existing any kind.
As preferred technical scheme, water reducer can be polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is permissible
For the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of existing any kind, the polycarboxylate water-reducer including modification and unmodified polycarboxylic acids diminishing
Agent.
As further preferred technical scheme, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
As most preferred technical scheme, combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer therein is formula（Ι）Described structural polymer：
Wherein, M represents H, alkali metal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine
Group；- AO- and-BO- separately represents-C2H4O-、-C3H6O-、-C4H8O- or the ordered block being formed between them
Or unordered miscellaneous block；r+s>1；t+u>1；R, s, t, u separately represent 0～250 integer；M represents 5～300 positive number,
m:o:p:Q=0.1～0.9:0.1～0.9:0～0.8:0～0.3；R1And R2Separately represent H or C1～C20Alkyl.
Above-mentioned formula（Ι）Polymer（Hereinafter referred to as polymer A）Preparation can be found in European patent EP 1138697 B1 and
United States Patent (USP) US 20120264851 A1.Contain amido and ester group in polymer A structure, there is very good water-reducing property
And viscosity-reducing performance, the big demand of the water requirement that stone flour brings can be made up, bleeding and the isolation of concrete can be reduced, mixed to increase
The service behaviour of solidifying soil.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, di-n-propylamine has good dispersive property for soil, can reach concrete to mud
The insensitive purpose of soil, to reduce the impact to concrete performance for the soil.The amount ratio of di-n-propylamine and water reducer is in above range
Interior optimal, di-n-propylamine consumption is less cannot to play corresponding peptizaiton, be then unfavorable for economy when consumption is excessive, di-n-propylamine
Consumption can be determined by one skilled in the art according to actual concrete composition and required working performance of concrete.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, calgon has faintly acid, and it also has good dispersion in concrete
Property, for stone flour, when in stone flour being evenly dispersed to concrete, just can give full play to the calcium carbonate in stone flour
Increase the effect of concrete strength.Calgon is optimal within the above range with the amount ratio of water reducer, higher than this scope, shadow
Ring the later strength of concrete, inconspicuous less than the dispersion effect of this scope calgon, the consumption of calgon can root
Factually the concrete composition on border and required working performance of concrete are determined by one skilled in the art.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, concrete refers to the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.Machine-made Sand refers to according to national standard,
Select and meet the rock of requirement of engineering, the equipment institute such as the broken, sand processed that configured by modern production process, screening, dust suction, cleaning
The rock particles produced.
The method for testing concrete performance that embodiment of the present invention adopts is as follows.
1. the mensure of the slump and divergence：
Additive is pressed with certain proportioning with cement, Machine-made Sand, stone, water etc. and the additive such as retarder, air entraining agent
JGJ55 is blended.Various concrete test materials and environment temperature all should be maintained at (20 ± 3) DEG C.Using meeting JG3036
The nominal capacity requiring is 60 liters of single horizontal shaft type forced stirrer, puts into stirring by disposable to cement, Machine-made Sand, stone etc.
Machine, the additives such as the admixture blend preparing, retarder, air entraining agent and water is stirred and is disposably added to mixer
In, then remaining mixing water is also disposably added in mixer, stirs 2 minutes, after discharging, with manually turning on iron plate
Mix to uniform, tested.Every group of concrete takes a sample, and the slump, divergence and corresponding 1 hour rheological parameters' change with time amount are equal
Represented with the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of three result of the tests.Concrete slump and divergence measure according to GB/T50080, fill after measurement
Enter in the test specimen tube being nuzzled up with gauze, container is added a cover, stand to 1 hour（Start to calculate when adding water and stir）, then pour out,
Turned to after uniformly with spade on iron plate, measure the slump and divergence again.
2. the mensure of compression strength：
Surface of test piece to be tested is wiped clean with upper and lower pressure-bearing plate face, then by test specimen be placed in testing machine lower platen or
On backing plate, the bearing surface of test specimen is vertical with top surface during shaping.Test specimen center is aligned with testing machine lower platen center, starts examination
Test machine, when top board is close with test specimen or billet, adjust ball seat, so that contact is equalized.When test specimen starts drastically close to destruction
During deformation, stopping Adjustment Tests machine oil door, until destroying, then recording failing load.Other parameters or detailed description refer to
GB/T50081.Compression strength to be represented with the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of three Specimen Determination values.
3. the mensure of air content：
It is measured by GB/T50081, testing procedure is as follows：
1）, with the wet cloth amount of cleaning alms bowl and alms bowl interior surface, and the amount of making alms bowl is in horizontal positioned.
2）, concrete batching system surmount alms bowl in uniform for fresh concrete mix charge weight alms bowl, will be made a little.Charging
Shi Keyong tamper slightly plugs and pounds, after installing, when with shake table（Shake table frequency 50HZ, amplitude 0.5 ± 0.1mm when unloaded）Jolt ramming
When, drop below internal orifice as concrete batching system sinks in vibration processes, then should add concrete batching system at any time, be vibrated to coagulation
Native surfacing, stops when assuming glaze light vibrating.When using tamper tamping instead without shake table, concrete batching system is divided three
Layer loads, and is about and measures 1/3rd of alms bowl height, plug and pound tamper during bottom and should run through entire depth after every layer of tamping.Plug and pound upper strata
When, tamper should insert lower floor 10-20mm.After every layer of tamping, can hit alternately running about amount alms bowl tamper pad in amount alms bowl lower curtate
Ground 15 times（Tamper can not the amount of encountering alms bowl inwall with bottom）.
3）, tamping finish after, the concrete batching system of excess surface should be scraped off immediately with floating rule, surface if any depression should
Fill up, then use trowel floating, and make its smooth surface bubble-free.
4）, the amount of cleaning alms bowl and alms bowl lid edge, cover alms bowl lid, with clamp, be allowed to airtight good, and checked with level meter
Level.
5）, open air bleeding valve, added water at water intaking valve until air bleeding valve delivery port emits water uniform velocity and flows out and is with injector
Only, it is then shut off water intaking valve and air bleeding valve.
6）, inflate pressurization with hand pump, make gauge pressure slightly cross 0, after stopping 5 seconds, use reset valve pressure regulation, so that gauge pressure is accurately parked in
On 0, rap dial plate, gauge pressure is still 0, then presses pressure valve 2-3 time, meter reading numerical value is as equivalent to air content.
Embodiment
1. polymer A preparation
According to method disclosed in European patent EP 1138697B1, equipped with mechanical agitation, temperature controller, dropper
2000mL four-hole boiling flask in, add the polyacrylic acid of 160g weight average molecular weight 4000 and the sulfuric acid of 7.5g mass concentration 50%.Plus
Heat heats up, and when the temperature of charge in flask is reached 70 DEG C, the methoxyl group being added thereto to 360g weight average molecular weight 1000 gathers
Ethylene glycol and the amino-terminated methoxy polyoxyethylene ether of 30g weight average molecular weight 1000.Mixture is added under nitrogen protection
Heat to 165 DEG C and keeps 4 hours.Then stop nitrogen, material is cooled to less than 90 DEG C, add 830g water, prepare mass
Concentration is 40% polymer A, and the weight average molecular weight of polymer A is 11100.
2. the preparation of concrete and performance measurement
Under the conditions of room temperature is 23 DEG C, carry out concrete test using numerous mountains cement P.O.42.5.Weigh numerous mountains cement
16.2Kg, flyash 4.8Kg, Machine-made Sand（Clay content, amount containing stone flour are shown in Tables 1 and 2）42.42Kg and stone 69.78Kg, always mix
Heshui 10.2Kg, additive and retarder（Sodium gluconate）, air entraining agent（K12 air entraining agent）Consumption be shown in Table 1.
Cement, flyash, Machine-made Sand, stone are once put into mixer, by the admixture blend preparing, slow setting
Agent, air entraining agent and a certain amount of mixing water stir and are disposably added in mixer, then by remaining mixing water also once
Property be added in mixer, stir 2 minutes, discharging.Measure the service behaviour of concrete according to aforementioned test method.Test result
See Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 when in Machine-made Sand, clay content, amount containing stone flour are zero（Embodiment 1）, only with polymer A
As water reducer with regard to extraordinary working performance of concrete can be obtained.But, when the clay content in Machine-made Sand and/or amount containing stone flour
When substantially increasing（Embodiment 2-4）, only add polymer A as additive, the work in every performance of concrete is all decreased obviously.
On the basis of adding polymer A, when adding calgon collectively as additive（Embodiment 5,6）, coagulation
Slightly improve when the work in every performance of soil is than only addition polymer A, but still be not reaching to preferable performance requirement.Meanwhile, exist
On the basis of adding polymer A, when adding di-n-propylamine collectively as additive（Embodiment 7,8）, the work in every of concrete
Can slightly improve than when only adding polymer A, but still be not reaching to preferable performance requirement.
On the basis of adding polymer A, it is simultaneously introduced calgon, di-n-propylamine collectively as additive（Embodiment
9）, the work in every performance of concrete substantially increases, and basically reaches preferable performance requirement.As can be seen here, calgon, two
Both propylamine are added simultaneously in polymer A water reducer, and the two can act synergistically and produce good dispersion effect, clay content,
Use in the higher machine-made sand concrete of amount containing stone flour, also can obtain excellent working performance of concrete.
Table 2
As known from Table 2, under each ratio of components of additive of the present invention, the service behaviour of gained concrete is all
Preferably（Embodiment 10-15）But, in the case that calgon consumption is excessive, the intensity of later concrete is obvious on the contrary
Decline（Embodiment 16）, therefore, in the additive of the present invention, must strictly control the usage amount of each composition.
Comparative example
In addition to the additive that embodiment is replaced using Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer, remaining same above-described embodiment, measure institute
Obtain the service behaviour of concrete, the results are shown in Table 3.
The preparation of Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer：
Equipped with mechanical agitation, temperature controller, the 1000mL four-hole boiling flask of dropper, by 368.7g deionized water
It is added in four-hole boiling flask with the methyl butenol APEO of 360g weight average molecular weight 2400, maintain temperature 60～65
DEG C, start to be simultaneously added dropwise the mixed solution of acrylic acid and TGA（35.34g acrylic acid and 1.88g TGA are dissolved in
In 177.95g deionized water）The solution of composition and 40.37mL mass concentration are the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 100g/L, wherein, third
The mixed solution time for adding of olefin(e) acid and TGA controlled at 3.0 hours, and ammonium persulfate aqueous solution time for adding controls little 4
When, 60～65 DEG C of controlling reaction temperature.After completion of dropping, it is incubated 1 hour at 60～65 DEG C, then, by the thing in reactor
Material cools to less than 30 DEG C, adds sodium hydroxide solution（19.63g NaOH is dissolved in 45.81g deionized water）Carry out in
With, obtain mass concentration be 40%, the Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer of pH=6～7, weight average molecular weight be 12300.
Table 3
（Undetermined data：-）
Table 3 result shows, when soil and stone flour non-existent in the case of, add common Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer
Concrete has excellent service behaviour, but when wherein containing more stone flour and soil, concrete performance then significantly under
Fall, illustrates that common Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer cannot meet the requirement of machine-made sand concrete service behaviour.
Although in order to the present invention is described, having been disclosed for the preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art
Member is it should be appreciated that in the case of the present inventive concept being limited without departing from claims and scope, can do to the present invention
Go out various modifications, interpolation and replacement.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of concrete admixture is it is characterised in that include following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.05～3 part；
Calgon：0.01～1 part；
Described water reducer is combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and it is the described structural polymer of formula (Ι)：
Wherein, M represents H, alkali metal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amino group
Group；- AO- and-BO- separately represents-C2H4O-、-C3H6O-、-C4H8O- or between them formed ordered block or
Unordered miscellaneous block；r+s>1；t+u>1；R, s, t, u separately represent 0～250 integer；M represents 5～300 positive number, m:
o:p:Q=0.1～0.9:0.1～0.9:0～0.8:0～0.3；R1And R2Separately represent H or C1～C20Alkyl.
2. additive according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that include following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.1～2 part；
Calgon：0.05～0.5 part.
3. additive according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that include following component by weight：
Water reducer：1 part；
Di-n-propylamine：0.5～1 part；
Calgon：0.2～0.4 part.
4. the additive according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described concrete is the coagulation containing Machine-made Sand
Soil.
5. additive described in any one of claim 1-4 is containing the purposes in machine-made sand concrete.
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| CN105924028A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 东南大学 | Special additive for regenerated fine aggregate pre-mixed mortar and application thereof |
| CN106316241A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中交三公局（北京）工程试验检测有限公司 | Self-compacting micro-expansion concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN108219081B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-09-08 | 辽宁奥克化学股份有限公司 | Polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110357487A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南加美乐素新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of Machine-made Sand regulator and its containing the purposes in machine-made sand concrete |
| CN115124268A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Machine-made sand, preparation method and concrete prepared from machine-made sand |
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| EP1138696A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Sika AG, vorm. Kaspar Winkler & Co. | Polymers for cement dispersing admixtures |
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| CN102875051A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 山东省建筑科学研究院 | Polycarboxylate superplasticizer for effectively resisting adverse influence from clay and preparation method of polycarboxylate superplasticizer |
| WO2013124003A1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-08-29 | W R Grace & Co.-Conn | Functionalized polyamines for clay mitigation |
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| EP1138696A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Sika AG, vorm. Kaspar Winkler & Co. | Polymers for cement dispersing admixtures |
| WO2013124003A1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-08-29 | W R Grace & Co.-Conn | Functionalized polyamines for clay mitigation |
| CN102718430A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 山东华伟银凯建材科技股份有限公司 | Mud content inhibitor for concrete doped with polycarboxylic acid type water reducer and preparation method and application method of mud content inhibitor |
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