CN104556770A - Concrete admixture and application thereof in concrete containing machine-made sand - Google Patents
Concrete admixture and application thereof in concrete containing machine-made sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN104556770A CN104556770A CN201310512205.3A CN201310512205A CN104556770A CN 104556770 A CN104556770 A CN 104556770A CN 201310512205 A CN201310512205 A CN 201310512205A CN 104556770 A CN104556770 A CN 104556770A
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Abstract
The invention provides a concrete admixture comprising a water reducing agent, dipropyl amine and sodium hexametaphosphate. The invention also provides an application of the admixture in concrete containing machine-made sand. The concrete admixture provided by the invention is prepared by compounding the water reducing agent with dipropyl amine and sodium hexametaphosphate so as to ensure that the concrete has good workability without causing water bleeding and segregating phenomena, and thus the later working performance of the concrete can be ensured. The concrete admixture provided by the invention is particularly suitable for the machine-made sand concrete with relatively high content of mud and stone powder, and can be used for greatly improving the mechanical performance and construction performance of the machine-made sand concrete so as to ensure that the machine-made sand concrete can be used for completely replacing natural sand concrete to be applied to the field of architectures; and the concrete admixture can be used for reducing the mining of natural sand, and is more beneficial to the requirements of sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to concrete admixture field, be specifically related to a kind of concrete admixture and the purposes in the concrete containing Machine-made Sand thereof.
Background technology
Concrete is generally made up of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, addition material, water and admixture.Wherein, sand belongs to fine aggregate, and its quality will account for about 30%.Sandy plain is formed by rock under natural condition effect, therefore claims natural sand.Along with expanding economy, natural sand resource is increasingly exhausted, the excessive exploitation of natural sand, also result in great pressure to environment, ecology.Meanwhile, China's capital construction project grows with each passing day, and Machine-made Sand is arisen at the historic moment, and made sand to substitute natural sand has become a kind of trend as building sand.
The ore of the Machine-made Sand of current domestic use is limestone, containing stone flour in crushing process.This stone flour fineness is little, it supplements the fine particle lacked in concrete, increase the ratio of surface-area to volume of water of solid, thus decrease bleeding and segregation, and stone flour can and the agglutinate such as cement and water form the slurry of softness, namely add concrete slurry amount, decrease the friction between sandstone, thus improve concrete workability.But, content of stone powder in Machine-made Sand also should have certain limit, exceed this limit, along with the increase of content of stone powder, concrete mix water consumption increases, and mixture becomes dry thick, also the decline of concrete cracking and intensity can be caused, the content of stone powder of existing Machine-made Sand is many at 10-20%, and content is higher, therefore causes certain influence to concrete performance.Meanwhile, can bring part earth in the process due to exploitation limestone, this part earth is brought in sand together with stone flour, also can cause concrete degradation.These are all the difficult problems that in current concrete, application system sand faces.
In Machine-made Sand, content of stone powder increases, and the diminishing dosage of needs and water consumption all will increase, and this just needs water reducer more efficiently.The high efficiency water reducing agents such as poly carboxylic acid series water reducer are the class water reducers that developed recently gets up, and the water reducer with other type is similar, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer in concrete silt content, lower containing stone flour amount time, successful, concrete serviceability is ideal.But, when silt content wherein, increase containing stone flour amount time, namely high efficiency water reducing agent loses excellent action effect, and concrete serviceability declines obviously.Therefore, for concrete field, be badly in need of at present a kind of new additive of exploitation, when concrete silt content, higher containing stone flour amount, also can realize excellent serviceability.
Summary of the invention
Silt content cannot be applicable to for overcoming existing concrete admixture, containing the higher concrete defect of stone flour amount, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of concrete admixture.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of purposes of concrete admixture.
Concrete admixture provided by the invention, comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.05 ~ 3 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.01 ~ 1 part.
Preferably, described concrete admixture comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.1 ~ 2 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.05 ~ 0.5 part.
More preferably, described concrete admixture comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.5 ~ 1 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.2 ~ 0.4 part.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is preferably combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is formula (Ι) described structural polymer more preferably.
Wherein, M represents H, alkalimetal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine group;-AO-and-BO-separately represents-C
2h
4o-,-C
3h
6o-,-C
4h
8o-or the ordered block formed between them or unordered assorted block; R+s>1; T+u>1; R, s, t, u separately represent the integer of 0 ~ 250; M represents the positive number of 5 ~ 300, m:o:p:q=0.1 ~ 0.9:0.1 ~ 0.9:0 ~ 0.8:0 ~ 0.3; R1 and R2 separately represents H or C
1~ C
20alkyl.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, described concrete is the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.
Present invention also offers the purposes of above-mentioned admixture in the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.
Concrete admixture provided by the invention adopts water reducer and propylene diamine, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 to carry out composite, propylene diamine and Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 synergy significantly can improve earth and the dispersiveness of stone flour in concrete, in addition the water reducing ability of water reducer and Viscosity-reducing, admixture provided by the invention can make concrete workability good, occur without bleeding, segregation phenomenon, thus concrete later stage work performance is guaranteed.
Concrete admixture provided by the invention is particularly useful for containing mud and the higher machine-made sand concrete of stone flour amount; significantly can improve the mechanical property containing machine-made sand concrete and workability; thus it can be made to substitute natural sand the reinforcement of concrete completely in building field; the exploitation of natural sand can be reduced, be more conducive to the requirement of environment protection and Sustainable development.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, will be further described below the technical scheme of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of concrete admixture, comprise following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.05 ~ 3 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.01 ~ 1 part.
Preferably, described concrete admixture comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.1 ~ 2 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.05 ~ 0.5 part.
More preferably, described concrete admixture comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.5 ~ 1 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.2 ~ 0.4 part.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, water reducer can be the high efficiency water reducing agent of existing any kind.
As preferred technical scheme, water reducer can be polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer can be the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of existing any kind, comprises the polycarboxylate water-reducer of modification and unmodified polycarboxylate water-reducer.
As further preferred technical scheme, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
As most preferred technical scheme, combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is wherein formula (Ι) described structural polymer:
Wherein, M represents H, alkalimetal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine group;-AO-and-BO-separately represents-C
2h
4o-,-C
3h
6o-,-C
4h
8o-or the ordered block formed between them or unordered assorted block; R+s>1; T+u>1; R, s, t, u separately represent the integer of 0 ~ 250; M represents the positive number of 5 ~ 300, m:o:p:q=0.1 ~ 0.9:0.1 ~ 0.9:0 ~ 0.8:0 ~ 0.3; R
1and R
2separately represent H or C
1~ C
20alkyl.
The preparation of the polymkeric substance (hereinafter referred to as polymer A) of above-mentioned formula (Ι) can see European patent EP 1138697 B1 and US Patent No. 20120264851 A1.Containing amido and ester group in polymer A structure, there is very good water-reducing property and viscosity-reducing performance, the demand that water requirement that stone flour brings is large can be made up, can concrete bleeding and segregation be reduced, to increase concrete serviceability.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, dipropyl amine has good dispersing property for earth, can reach concrete to the insensitive object of earth, to reduce the impact of earth on concrete performance.The amount ratio of dipropyl amine and water reducer is best in above-mentioned scope, dipropyl amine consumption is less cannot play corresponding dissemination, then be unfavorable for economy when consumption is excessive, the consumption of dipropyl amine can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the concrete composition of reality and required concrete work performance.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 has slightly acidic, and it also has good dispersiveness in concrete, especially for stone flour, when stone flour is evenly dispersed to concrete, the calcium carbonate that just can give full play in stone flour increases the effect of concrete strength.The amount ratio of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 and water reducer is best in above-mentioned scope, higher than this scope, affect concrete later strength, dispersion effect lower than this scope Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 is not obvious, and the consumption of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the concrete composition of reality and required concrete work performance.
In above-mentioned concrete admixture, concrete refers to the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.Machine-made Sand refers to according to national standard, the selected rock meeting requirement of engineering, the rock particles that the equipment such as the fragmentation configured by modern production process, sand processed, screening, dust suction, cleaning are produced.
The method for testing concrete performance that embodiment of the present invention adopts is as follows.
1. the mensuration of the slump and divergence:
Admixture and cement, Machine-made Sand, stone, water etc. and the additive such as retardant, air entrapment agent are carried out blending with certain proportioning by JGJ55.Various concrete test material and envrionment temperature all should remain on (20 ± 3) DEG C.Adopt that to meet the nominal capacity that JG3036 requires be the single horizontal shaft type forced stirrer of 60 liters, by disposable input stirrers such as cement, Machine-made Sand, stones, the additives such as the admixture blend prepared, retardant, air entrapment agent and water are stirred and disposablely joins in stirrer, then join in stirrer by also disposable for remaining mixing water, stir 2 minutes, after discharging, with manually turning to evenly on iron plate, test.Often organize concrete and get a sample, 1 hour rheological parameters' change with time amount of the slump, divergence and correspondence all represents with the arithmetical av of three test-results.Concrete slump and divergence measure according to GB/T50080, and in the test specimen tube that after measuring, loading gauze nuzzles up, container is added a cover, leave standstill to 1 hour (calculating when stirring from adding water), then pour out, iron plate turns to after evenly with spade, again measures the slump and divergence.
2. the mensuration of ultimate compression strength:
Surface of test piece to be tested and upper and lower bearing plate face are wiped clean, on the press table then test specimen being placed in trier or backing plate, the bearing surface of test specimen is vertical with end face time shaping.Test specimen center is aimed at trier press table center, starts trier, when top board and test specimen or billet close to time, adjustment ball seat, makes contact balanced.When test specimen starts sharply to be out of shape close to destruction, stop Adjustment Tests machine oil door, until destroy, then record failing load.Other parameter or detailed description please refer to GB/T50081.Ultimate compression strength represents with the arithmetical av of three Specimen Determination values.
3. the mensuration of air content:
Measure by GB/T50081, test procedure is as follows:
1), with the wet cloth amount of cleaning alms bowl and alms bowl interior surface, and the amount of making alms bowl is horizontal positioned.
2), by uniform for fresh concrete mix Intake Quantity alms bowl, make concrete batching system surmount alms bowl a little.When filling with substance can plug and pound a little with tamper, after installing, when with shaking table (shaking table frequency 50HZ, amplitude 0.5 ± 0.1mm time unloaded) jolt ramming time, as concrete batching system sinks to lower than internal orifice in vibration processes, then should add concrete batching system at any time, be vibrated to concrete surface smooth, when presenting glaze light, stop vibration.When using tamper tamping instead without shaking table, concrete batching system is divided three layers of loading, after every layer of tamping the amount of being about alms bowl height 1/3rd, when plugging and pounding bottom, tamper should run through entire depth.When plugging and pounding upper strata, tamper should insert lower floor 10-20mm.After every layer of tamping, can tamper pad at amount alms bowl lower curtate, by about amount alms bowl alternately top hit ground 15 times (tamper can not the inwall of the amount of encountering alms bowl with bottom).
3), after tamping, should scrape off the concrete batching system of excess surface immediately with floating rule, surface should be filled up if any depression, then uses trowel floating, and makes its smooth surface bubble-free.
4), the amount of cleaning alms bowl and alms bowl lid edge, cover alms bowl lid, by clamp, make it well airtight, and use water level gauge inspection AQL.
5), open vent valve, add water till vent valve water outlet emits water uniform velocity to flow out from water intaking valve with injector, then close water intaking valve and vent valve.
6), with hand pump inflate pressurization, make gauge pressure little over 0, after stopping for 5 seconds, use micrometering valve pressure regulation, gauge pressure is parked on 0 accurately, raps dial plate, gauge pressure is still 0, then presses pressure valve 2-3 time, and meter reading numerical value is and is equivalent to air content.
Embodiment
1. polymer A preparation
According to method disclosed in European patent EP 1138697B1, in the 2000mL four-hole boiling flask that mechanical stirring, temperature regulator, dropper are housed, add the polyacrylic acid of 160g weight-average molecular weight 4000 and the sulfuric acid of 7.5g mass concentration 50%.Heat temperature raising, when the temperature of charge in flask is reached 70 DEG C, adds the methoxy polyoxyethylene ether of the methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) of 360g weight-average molecular weight 1000 and the amino-terminated of 30g weight-average molecular weight 1000 wherein.Mixture is heated to 165 DEG C under nitrogen protection and keeps 4 hours.Then stop nitrogen, material is cooled to less than 90 DEG C, add 830g water, prepare the polymer A that mass concentration is 40%, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer A is 11100.
2. concrete preparation and property measures
Under room temperature is 23 DEG C of conditions, numerous mountains cement P.O.42.5 is used to carry out concrete test.Take numerous mountains cement 16.2Kg, flyash 4.8Kg, Machine-made Sand (silt content, containing stone flour amount in table 1 and table 2) 42.42Kg and stone 69.78Kg, total mixing water 10.2Kg, the consumption of admixture and retardant (Sunmorl N 60S), air entrapment agent (K12 air entrapment agent) is in table 1.
Cement, flyash, Machine-made Sand, stone are once dropped into stirrer, the admixture blend prepared, retardant, air entrapment agent and a certain amount of mixing water are stirred and disposablely joins in stirrer, then join in stirrer by also disposable for remaining mixing water, stir 2 minutes, discharging.Concrete serviceability is measured according to aforementioned test method.Test result is in table 1 and table 2.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, when silt content in Machine-made Sand, be zero containing stone flour amount time (embodiment 1), only adopt polymer A just can obtain extraordinary concrete work performance as water reducer.But when the silt content in Machine-made Sand and/or when obviously increasing containing stone flour amount (embodiment 2-4), only add polymer A as admixture, concrete work in every performance all obviously declines.
On the basis of adding polymer A, add Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 jointly as (embodiment 5,6) during admixture, slightly improve when concrete work in every Performance Ratio only adds polymer A, but still do not reach desirable performance requriements.Meanwhile, on the basis of adding polymer A, add dipropyl amine jointly as (embodiment 7,8) during admixture, slightly improve when concrete work in every Performance Ratio only adds polymer A, but still do not reach desirable performance requriements.
On the basis of adding polymer A, add Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, dipropyl amine jointly as admixture (embodiment 9), concrete work in every performance obviously increases, and substantially reaches desirable performance requriements simultaneously.As can be seen here, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, both dipropyl amines are added in polymer A water reducer simultaneously, the two can act synergistically and produce good dispersion effect, uses in silt content, the machine-made sand concrete higher containing stone flour amount, also can obtain excellent concrete work performance.
Table 2
As known from Table 2, under each ratio of components of admixture of the present invention, the concrete serviceability of gained all better (embodiment 10-15), but, when Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 consumption is excessive, the intensity of later concrete obviously declines (embodiment 16) on the contrary, therefore, in admixture of the present invention, must the strict usage quantity controlling each composition.
Comparative example
Except adopting Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer and replacing the admixture of embodiment, all the other same above-described embodiments, measure the concrete serviceability of gained, the results are shown in Table 3.
The preparation of Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer:
Mechanical stirring is being housed, temperature regulator, in the 1000mL four-hole boiling flask of dropper, the methyl butene polyoxyethylenated alcohol of 368.7g deionized water and 360g weight-average molecular weight 2400 is joined in four-hole boiling flask, holding temperature is at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, the solution that the mixing solutions (35.34g vinylformic acid and 1.88g Thiovanic acid are dissolved in 177.95g deionized water) starting simultaneously to drip vinylformic acid and Thiovanic acid forms and 40.37mL mass concentration are the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 100g/L, wherein, the mixing solutions time for adding of vinylformic acid and Thiovanic acid controls at 3.0 hours, ammonium persulfate aqueous solution time for adding controls at 4 hours, control temperature of reaction 60 ~ 65 DEG C.After dropwising, 1 hour is incubated at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, then, material in reactor is cooled to less than 30 DEG C, add sodium hydroxide solution (19.63g sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 45.81g deionized water) to neutralize, obtain that mass concentration is 40%, the Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer of pH=6 ~ 7, weight-average molecular weight is 12300.
Table 3
(undetermined data:-)
Table 3 result shows, when under earth and the non-existent situation of stone flour, the concrete adding common Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer has excellent serviceability, but when wherein containing more stone flour and earth, concrete performance then declines to a great extent, and illustrates that common Polyether polycarboxylic-acid water reducer cannot meet the requirement of machine-made sand concrete serviceability.
Although in order to the present invention is described, disclose the preferred embodiments of the invention, but it will be understood by those of skill in the art that when not departing from the design of the present invention and scope that claims limit, various amendment, interpolation and replacement can be made to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a concrete admixture, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.05 ~ 3 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.01 ~ 1 part.
2. admixture according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.1 ~ 2 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.05 ~ 0.5 part.
3. admixture according to claim 2, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight:
Water reducer: 1 part;
Dipropyl amine: 0.5 ~ 1 part;
Sodium hexametaphosphate 99: 0.2 ~ 0.4 part.
4. the admixture according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
5. admixture according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
6. admixture according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described combed poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is formula (Ι) described structural polymer:
Wherein, M represents H, alkalimetal ion, alkaline-earth metal ions, divalence or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion or organic amine group;-AO-and-BO-separately represents-C
2h
4o-,-C
3h
6o-,-C
4h
8o-or the ordered block formed between them or unordered assorted block; R+s>1; T+u>1; R, s, t, u separately represent the integer of 0 ~ 250; M represents the positive number of 5 ~ 300, m:o:p:q=0.1 ~ 0.9:0.1 ~ 0.9:0 ~ 0.8:0 ~ 0.3; R
1and R
2separately represent H or C
1~ C
20alkyl.
7. the admixture according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, described concrete is the concrete containing Machine-made Sand.
8. the purposes of admixture described in any one of claim 1-7 in the sand concrete containing mechanism.
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CN105924028A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 东南大学 | Special additive for regenerated fine aggregate pre-mixed mortar and application thereof |
CN106316241A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中交三公局(北京)工程试验检测有限公司 | Self-compacting micro-expansion concrete and preparation method thereof |
CN108219081A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 辽宁奥克化学股份有限公司 | A kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer and preparation method thereof |
CN110357487A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南加美乐素新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of Machine-made Sand regulator and its containing the purposes in machine-made sand concrete |
CN115124268A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Machine-made sand, preparation method and concrete prepared from machine-made sand |
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CN102875051A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 山东省建筑科学研究院 | Polycarboxylate superplasticizer for effectively resisting adverse influence from clay and preparation method of polycarboxylate superplasticizer |
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CN105924028A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 东南大学 | Special additive for regenerated fine aggregate pre-mixed mortar and application thereof |
CN106316241A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中交三公局(北京)工程试验检测有限公司 | Self-compacting micro-expansion concrete and preparation method thereof |
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CN108219081B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-09-08 | 辽宁奥克化学股份有限公司 | Polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof |
CN110357487A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南加美乐素新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of Machine-made Sand regulator and its containing the purposes in machine-made sand concrete |
CN115124268A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Machine-made sand, preparation method and concrete prepared from machine-made sand |
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