CN104554995B - 一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘 - Google Patents

一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘 Download PDF

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CN104554995B
CN104554995B CN201510015829.3A CN201510015829A CN104554995B CN 104554995 B CN104554995 B CN 104554995B CN 201510015829 A CN201510015829 A CN 201510015829A CN 104554995 B CN104554995 B CN 104554995B
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CN104554995A (zh
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吴培桂
罗礼发
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Packaging Industry (zhongshan) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘，由多层材料复合而成，从上之下依次包括木塑板层、蜂窝纸板层、木塑框架层、蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板、弹性底层垫片，蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板由增韧聚乳酸材料模压而成，能提供良好的缓冲性和韧性；弹性底层垫片和木塑板层具有良好的强度和弹性，能增强托盘的强度，并提供良好的回弹性；蜂窝纸板层能提供良好的抗冲性；木塑框架层包括由上面板、下面板和侧边板构成的方形中空体及设置在上面板与下面板之间的若干加强柱，侧边板上设有入叉孔，入叉孔与加强柱的位置错开。木塑框架层能增强托盘的强度和抗撞击能力。本环保高强度复合纸板托盘具有优异的强度，且用料环保，可反复使用，大大减少工业使用成本。

Description

一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘
技术领域
本发明涉及载物托盘领域，尤其是涉及一种可基本实现全降解的，且具有高强度的工业用环保高强度复合纸板托盘。
背景技术
工业上，载物托盘用量巨大，目前绝大部分托盘仍采用纯木制备。一方面，木板虽然属于环保材料，但大量的木材使用而因此导致的木材砍伐将造成巨大的环境隐患，同时，木板缓冲性能较差，容易破坏且无法重复使用。且木板价格较贵，也对使用者的成本造成压力。而且由于木托盘容易损坏，故重置成本也非常巨大。因此，如可提供一种成本较低的托盘代木，同时保证其强度和抗压性，无疑将具有巨大的市场前景。而在托盘开发领域，大部分的托盘开发仍集中于托盘的结构设计，如CN104085590A公开的一种可降解环保平托盘，CN104071424A公开的一种可拆分运输存放用托盘，均采用了特殊的结构设计已达到较高的强度，但结构的设计仍无法突破一个限度，而此类的拖盘仍较容易破坏。而只有从结构上已经无法实现强度上更大的突破。只有从材料方面进行设计才能实现更优秀的强度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可基本实现全降解的，具有优异强度的，可长期重复使用的工业用环保高强度复合纸板托盘。
本发明提出一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘，由多层材料复合而成，包括蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板下设有弹性底层垫片，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板上设有木塑框架层，所述木塑框架层上设有蜂窝纸板层，所述蜂窝纸板层上设有木塑板层；所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板由增韧聚乳酸材料模压而成，所述木塑框架层包括置于上面的上面板、置于下面的下面板、设置在周边的侧边板及若干加强柱，所述上面板、所述下面板和所述侧边板构成闭合的中空体，所述加强驻设置在所述上面板与所述下面板之间，所述侧边板上设有供叉车的货叉插入的入叉孔，所述入叉孔与所述加强柱的位置错开。
进一步，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板为以聚乳酸、热塑性弹性体和植物纤维为主料通过熔融压制成型的板材，其压制温度介于170-190度之间。所述聚乳酸、所述热塑性弹性体和所述植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：聚乳酸50-80份，热塑性弹性体30-50份，植物纤维20-40份。
进一步，聚乳酸可为聚D-乳酸与聚L-乳酸或聚D-乳酸与聚L-乳酸任意配比混合，所述热塑性弹性体可为热塑性聚氨酯、热塑性EVA弹性体等，所述植物纤维可为竹纤维、木粉、秸杆等植物纤维中的一种或几种的混合，植物纤维在使用前采用破碎机破碎至500-1000目，后通过弱酸活化处理。所用弱酸为10-15wt％浓度的酸水溶液，所用弱酸为质量比为3：1的草酸和盐酸，酸溶液的质量为植物纤维的100-150％。
进一步，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板的原材料中还包括辅料—增韧改性剂，所述增韧改性剂的质量份数介于所述聚乳酸的30％-60％之间，增韧改性剂可为丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)等。
进一步，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板包括置于上层的上层聚乳酸增韧板、置于中层的蜂窝芯和置于下层的下层聚乳酸增韧板，所述蜂窝芯的截面形态为边长介于0.5-1.5cm之间的菱形或正六边形，所述蜂窝芯的厚度介于0.8-1.6cm之间，所述上层聚乳酸增韧板和所述下层聚乳酸增韧板的厚度介于0.5-1cm之间。
进一步，所述木塑板层、所述蜂窝纸板层、所述木塑框架层、所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板和所述弹性底层垫片之间采用边角螺丝固定，所述弹性底层垫片与所述聚乳酸增韧板之间还通过粘合剂黏合。
进一步，所述上面板、所述下面板、所述侧边板的厚度介于0.6-1.2cm之间，所述上面板与所述下面板之间的距离介于3-5cm之间；所述加强柱为直径介于2-4cm之间的圆柱或底面边长介于2-4cm之间的正四棱柱，所述上面板与所述下面板之间平均每100cm2中设置一个所述加强柱。
进一步，所述上面板、所述下面板、所述侧边板、所述加强柱均为以木粉、热塑性树脂和植物纤维为原料通过熔融压制成型，所述木粉、热塑性树脂、植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉40-80份，热塑性树脂40-80份，植物纤维10-20份。其中，所述木粉为工业用木粉，所述热塑性树脂可为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯等，所述植物纤维可为竹纤维、木粉、秸杆等植物纤维中的一种或几种的混合，植物纤维在使用前采用破碎机破碎至500-1000目，后通过弱酸活化处理。所用弱酸为10-15wt％浓度的酸水溶液，所用弱酸为质量比为3：1的草酸和盐酸。酸溶液的质量为植物纤维的100-150％。
进一步，所述弹性底层垫片为橡胶垫片，其材料为丁基橡胶、丁苯橡胶、氯丁橡胶中的一种。优选的，其材料为高硫化度的橡胶体，所述高硫化度的橡胶体为每100g橡胶中加入硫磺超过40g以上的具有高交联度的橡胶材料。高硫化度橡胶具有良好的强度和弹性。
进一步，所述木塑板层为以木粉、热塑性塑料、热塑性弹性体为主料通过熔融挤出或压制而成的板材，所述木粉、所述热塑性树脂、所述热塑性弹性体的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉40-80份，热塑性树脂30-60份，热塑性弹性体20-40份。
其中，所述木粉为工业用木粉，热塑性树脂为聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚苯乙烯等，热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性EVA弹性体等。
进一步，所述蜂窝纸板层包括面纸、蜂窝纸芯和底纸，所述蜂窝纸芯的截面形态为菱形或正六边形，所述蜂窝纸芯的截面形态和所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板的蜂窝芯的截面形态一致。
本发明的环保高强度复合纸板托盘的有益效果为：
本发明的环保高强度复合纸板托盘由多层材料复合而成，其中，蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板由增韧聚乳酸材料模压而成，能提供良好的缓冲性和韧性；弹性底层垫片和木塑板层具有良好的强度和弹性，能增强托盘的强度，并提供良好的回弹性；蜂窝纸板层能提供良好的抗冲性；木塑框架层包括上面板、下面板、侧边板及加强柱，能增强托盘的强度和抗撞击能力。
本环保高强度复合纸板托盘具有优异的强度，且用料环保，可反复使用，大大减少工业使用成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘的实施例的结构示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
参照图1，提出本发明的一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘的一实施例：
一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘，由多层材料复合而成，包括蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1，蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1下设有弹性底层垫片2，蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1上设有木塑框架层3，木塑框架层3上设有蜂窝纸板层4，蜂窝纸板层4上设有木塑板层5。
该蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1为以聚乳酸、热塑性弹性体和植物纤维为主料，并加入辅料-增韧改性剂，通过熔融压制成型的板材，其压制温度为180℃。其中，聚乳酸、热塑性弹性体和植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：聚乳酸60份，热塑性弹性体40份，植物纤维30份，增韧改性剂的质量份数为聚乳酸的40％。
其中，聚乳酸为聚D-乳酸，热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚氨酯，植物纤维为竹纤维，增韧改性剂为丙乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)。植物纤维在使用前采用破碎机破碎至500-1000目，后通过弱酸活化处理。其所用弱酸为12wt％浓度的酸水溶液，所用弱酸为质量比为3：1的草酸和盐酸，酸溶液的质量为植物纤维的120％。
该蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1包括置于上层的上层聚乳酸增韧板、置于中层的蜂窝芯和置于下层的下层聚乳酸增韧板。其中，蜂窝芯的截面形态为菱形，其边长为0.8cm。蜂窝芯的厚度为1cm，上层聚乳酸增韧板和下层聚乳酸增韧板的厚度为0.8cm。
该木塑框架层3包括置于上面的上面板3-1、置于下面的下面板3-2、设置在周边的侧边板3-3及若干加强柱3-4，上面板3-1、下面板3-2和侧边板3-3构成闭合的方形中空体，加强驻设置在上面板3-1与下面板3-2之间。上面板3-1、下面板3-2、侧边板3-3的厚度为0.8cm，上面板3-1与下面板3-2之间的距离为4cm。该加强柱3-4为圆柱，其直径为3cm，上面板3-1与下面板3-2之间平均每100cm2中设置有一个加强柱3-4。
在侧边板3-3上设有供叉车的货叉插入的入叉孔，入叉孔与加强柱3-4的位置错开。
上面板3-1、下面板3-2、侧边板3-3、加强柱3-4均为以木粉、热塑性树脂和植物纤维为原料通过熔融压制成型，木粉、热塑性树脂、植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉60份，热塑性树脂60份，植物纤维15份。其中，木粉为工业用木粉，热塑性树脂为聚苯乙烯，植物纤维为竹纤维。植物纤维在使用前采用破碎机破碎至500-1000目，后通过弱酸活化处理。所用弱酸为12wt％浓度的酸水溶液，所用弱酸为质量比为3：1的草酸和盐酸。酸溶液的质量为植物纤维的120％。
该弹性底层垫片2为橡胶垫片，其材料为丁基橡胶。其中，每100g橡胶中加入硫磺50g。高硫化度橡胶具有良好的强度和弹性。
该木塑板层5为以木粉、热塑性塑料、热塑性弹性体为主料通过熔融挤出或压制而成的板材。其中，木粉为工业用木粉，热塑性树脂为聚苯乙烯，热塑性弹性体为热塑性EVA弹性体，木粉、热塑性树脂、热塑性弹性体的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉60份，热塑性树脂50份，热塑性弹性体30份。
蜂窝纸板层4包括面纸、蜂窝纸芯和底纸，蜂窝纸芯的截面形态为菱形，蜂窝纸芯的截面形态和蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1的蜂窝芯的截面形态一致。
木塑板层5、蜂窝纸板层4、木塑框架层3、蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1和弹性底层垫片2之间采用边角螺丝固定，弹性底层垫片2与聚乳酸增韧板之间还通过粘合剂黏合。
本发明的环保高强度复合纸板托盘中的蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板1能提供良好的缓冲性和韧性；弹性底层垫片2和木塑板层5具有良好的强度和弹性，能增强托盘的强度，并提供良好的回弹性；蜂窝纸板层4能提供良好的抗冲性；木塑框架层3能增强托盘的强度和抗撞击能力。
本环保高强度复合纸板托盘具有优异的强度，且用料环保，可反复使用，大大减少工业使用成本。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种环保高强度复合纸板托盘，由多层材料复合而成，其特征在于，包括蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板下设有弹性底层垫片，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板上设有木塑框架层，所述木塑框架层上设有蜂窝纸板层，所述蜂窝纸板层上设有木塑板层；所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板由增韧聚乳酸材料模压而成，所述木塑框架层包括置于上面的上面板、置于下面的下面板、设置在周边的侧边板及若干加强柱，所述上面板、所述下面板和所述侧边板构成闭合的中空体，所述加强柱设置在所述上面板与所述下面板之间，所述侧边板上设有供叉车的货叉插入的入叉孔，所述入叉孔与所述加强柱的位置错开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板为以聚乳酸、热塑性弹性体和植物纤维为主料通过熔融压制成型的板材，所述聚乳酸、所述热塑性弹性体和所述植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：聚乳酸50-80份，热塑性弹性体30-50份，植物纤维20-40份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板的原材料中还包括辅料—增韧改性剂，所述增韧改性剂的质量份数介于所述聚乳酸的30％-60％之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板包括置于上层的上层聚乳酸增韧板、置于中层的蜂窝芯和置于下层的下层聚乳酸增韧板，所述蜂窝芯的截面形态为边长介于0.5-1.5cm之间的菱形或正六边形，所述蜂窝芯的厚度介于0.8-1.6cm之间，所述上层聚乳酸增韧板和所述下层聚乳酸增韧板的厚度介于0.5-1cm之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述木塑板层、所述蜂窝纸板层、所述木塑框架层、所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制 板和所述弹性底层垫片之间采用边角螺丝固定，所述弹性底层垫片与所述聚乳酸增韧板之间还通过粘合剂黏合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述上面板、所述下面板、所述侧边板的厚度介于0.6-1.2cm之间，所述上面板与所述下面板之间的距离介于3-5cm之间；所述加强柱为直径介于2-4cm之间的圆柱或底面边长介于2-4cm之间的正四棱柱，所述上面板与所述下面板之间平均每100cm2中设置一个所述加强柱。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述上面板、所述下面板、所述侧边板、所述加强柱均为以木粉、热塑性树脂和植物纤维为原料通过熔融压制成型，所述木粉、热塑性树脂、植物纤维的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉40-80份，热塑性树脂40-80份，植物纤维10-20份。
8.根据权利要求1所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述弹性底层垫片为橡胶垫片，其材料为丁基橡胶、丁苯橡胶、氯丁橡胶中的一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述木塑板层为以木粉、热塑性塑料、热塑性弹性体为主料通过熔融挤出或压制而成的板材，所述木粉、所述热塑性树脂、所述热塑性弹性体的质量比按以下份数复配：木粉40-80份，热塑性树脂30-60份，热塑性弹性体20-40份。
10.根据权利要求1所述的环保高强度复合纸板托盘，其特征在于，所述蜂窝纸板层包括面纸、蜂窝纸芯和底纸，所述蜂窝纸芯的截面形态为菱形或正六边形，所述蜂窝纸芯的截面形态和所述蜂窝形聚乳酸弹性压制板的蜂窝芯的截面形态一致。
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