Electronic steering column lock
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic steering column lock.
Background technology
Electronic steering column lock is a kind of novel product substituting traditional mechanical lock for steering column, and it mainly coordinates intelligent key system or starts system use without key.Electronic steering column lock obtains major function and is locking and unlocks steering column.When stopping, electronic steering column lock can stretch out dead bolt, locking steering column.And before car starts, electronic steering column lock can automatically retract dead bolt, unlock steering column.In whole driving conditions, electronic steering column lock must remain released state.
When driving, if destroying occurs in the inner body of electronic steering column lock, or internal mechanism breaks down, and causes dead bolt to protrude in steering column, steering wheel can be caused locked, directly jeopardize driver and passenger safety.In order to prevent the generation of this accident, inside electronic steering column lock, dead bolt state to be had and detect the most accurately and reliably.It addition, also needed to insurance institution, in the unlocked state, dead bolt is stoped to move to locking direction.
Traditional design is such as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, but is not limited only to this kind of design.
Part 1: motor, the worm screw (part 2) on its output revolving shaft rotates in drive installation.
Part 2: worm screw, is installed on the output revolving shaft of motor (part 2), engages with the external tooth of gear (part 3), and the high-speed rotation of motor (part 1) is changed into the low speed rotation of gear (part 3).
Part 3: gear, external tooth engages with worm screw (part 2), driven is rotated, and there is female thread inside, coordinates with the screw-rod structure on slide block (part 4), by own rotation, drives slide block (part 4) to move along a straight line up and down.
Part 4: slide block, the screw-internal thread fit in upper screw structure and gear (part 3), driven move along a straight line up and down, and drive dead bolt (part 5), move up and down.Magnet (part 4.1) it is coated with on it.
Part 4.1: Magnet, when slide block (part 4) moves upward to unlocked position, Magnet (part 4.1) can trigger the solution lock sensor (part 9.1) on circuit board (part 9), when slide block (part 4) is moved downwardly to locked position of coupler, Magnet (part 4.1) can trigger the latching sensor (part 9.2) on circuit board (part 9).Thus realize the judgement of state.
Part 5: dead bolt, is installed on slide block (part 4), is driven by it and moves along a straight line up and down.It is upwards unlocking movement, is downwards jaw closing movement.Equipped with standby lock spring (part 8) between itself and slide block (part 4).
Part 6: bumper bar, is assemblied in slide block (part 4) lower end, is supported by unlocking spring (part 7), slipper push moves along a straight line up and down.During on the left of it, arm inserts the upper corresponding groove of dead bolt (part 5).Prevent dead bolt from falling downwards as in tubing string because of fracture.
Part 7: unlock spring, be supported on bumper bar (part 6), when slide block (part 4) is moved down into locked position of coupler, can be compressed, and be produced thrust back up.When slide block (part 4) moves upward, thrust can help it to overcome resistance, thus improve unblock performance.
Part 8: standby lock spring, is installed between slide block (part 4) and dead bolt (part 5), it is achieved the elastic connection of the two, and when slide block moves downward, and when dead bolt is blocked by exterior part, standby lock spring (part 8) can be compressed and produce thrust.When outer obstruction removes, this thrust can promote dead bolt (part 5) to eject.
Part 9: circuit board, above has two Hall elements, is to solve lock sensor (part 9.1), and latching sensor (part 9.2) respectively.When slide block (part 4) moves upward to unlocked position, Magnet (part 4.1) can trigger solution lock sensor (part 9.1), and when slide block (part 4) is moved downwardly to locked position of coupler, Magnet (part 4.1) can trigger latching sensor (part 9.2).Thus realize the judgement of state.
Dead bolt insurance institution comprises two parts, bumper bar (part 6) and unblock spring (part 7), and for ensureing reliability, bumper bar material is steel, Sheet Metal Forming Technology shape (but being not limited to this material and forming technology).
Under driving states, electronic steering column lock is in released state, as it is shown on figure 3, now unlock spring (part 7) to be in compressive state, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide size 40N, direction power upwards, this power can support bumper bar (part 6) so that it is will not move down.Therefore, when internal mechanism part destroys, bumper bar (part 6) can support dead bolt (part 5) all the time, prevents it from falling in steering column, causes driving to lock.
In such scheme, the transmission of locking unlocking motion, use 2 parts, be gear (part 3) and slide block (part 4) respectively.Locking unlocks the triggering of detection, employs 1 part, slide block (part 4), and the insurance function of dead bolt to have arrived other two part, bumper bar (part 6) and unblock spring (part 7).Auxiliary unlocking function employs 1 part, unlocks spring (part 7).Whole system, for realizing this four functions, employs 4 parts.The situation of other scheme is also similar in the market, is substantially all 2 to 5 parts of needs.Individual program number of parts is few, but but insurance function or auxiliary unlocking function cannot be realized, in order to reach safety, needing to improve the intensity of mechanism element, cost cannot reduce.
All there is its own shortcomings in existing schemes: number of parts is many, and Material Cost is high, and assembly operation is complicated, and assembly cost is high.Interiors of products structure is complicated, and reliability is difficult to ensure that.It is difficult to reduce volume, reduces weight.Therefore client's low cost, miniaturization, light-weighted requirement cannot be met.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect present in prior art, it is provided that a kind of electronic steering column lock, simple in construction, reduce number of parts, reduce product complexity, thus reduce cost, improve reliability, it is achieved lightweight, miniaturization.
nullFor achieving the above object,The technical scheme is that and provide a kind of electronic steering column lock,Including lower house、The guard shield being fixedly connected with described lower house,It is provided with circuit board between described lower house and described guard shield、Dead bolt、Gear、Motor,Guided by standby lock spring on described circuit board and be fixedly connected with standby lock spring,Described standby lock spring is connected with described dead bolt and provides thrust for it,Unblock Hall element it is provided with on described circuit board、Locking Hall element、For sensing the microswitch of described dead bolt、For the motor power supplying connector being connected with the power supply interface of described motor,Described lower house offers gathering sill,Described dead bolt is slideably positioned in described gathering sill,Described gear is arranged on described lower house by axis of rotation,There is on described gear the cylindrical cam curved surface being meshed with the face of cylinder on described dead bolt,The Magnet matched with described unblock Hall element and described locking Hall element it is provided with on described gear,Connect on the output shaft of described motor and have worm screw,The helical gear being meshed with described worm screw it is provided with on described gear.
Improve further: on described top circle cylinder, be provided with the flange for supporting described dead bolt in the unlocked state, be possible to prevent dead bolt to rupture because of upper end weakness zone, and enter in steering column.
Improve further: between described gear and described lower house, be provided with the safe torsion spring preventing described gear and described dead bolt from accidentally entering lockup state.
Improve further: sliding on described lower house is provided with pinning the antitheft block of described dead bolt, is provided with antitheft spring between described antitheft block and described lower house.
Improve further: described rotating shaft includes cylindrical section, lower cylindrical section, conical section between upper cylindrical section and lower cylindrical section, described upper cylindrical section and described lower cylindrical section match with the axis hole on described gear, described conical section be smaller in size than described axis hole size.
Improve further: described cylindrical cam Doubly curved surfaces curve is to unlock, for improving, the five continuous polynomial curves in rank that performance optimizes specially.
Advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effects that: have only to by single part gear, can be realized as the transmission that locking unlocks, locking unlocks the triggering of detection, and the insurance function to dead bolt, farthest reducing the quantity of part, Material Cost and assembly cost, number of parts reduces, system simplifies, and reliability improves the most further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior-art illustration one;
Fig. 2 is prior-art illustration two;
Fig. 3 is prior-art illustration three;
Fig. 4 is exploded view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is circuit board schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is released state sectional view;
Fig. 7 is lockup state sectional view;
Fig. 8 is motor, gear and dead bolt connection diagram.
Wherein: 1, guard shield;2, screw;3, standby lock spring;4, standby lock spring guides;5, circuit board;5.1, Hall element is unlocked;5.2, locking Hall element;5.3, microswitch;5.4, motor power supplying connector;6, dead bolt;7, gear screw;8, gear;8.1, Magnet;8.2, gear;9, the fixing cover of motor;10, motor worm assembly;10.1, worm screw;10.2, motor;11, safe torsion spring;12, lower house;13, volume skin pin;14, antitheft spring;15, antitheft block.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is further described.Following example are only used for clearly illustrating technical scheme, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
nullAs shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 8,A kind of electronic steering column lock,Including lower house 12、The guard shield 1 being fixedly connected with described lower house 12,It is provided with circuit board 5 between described lower house 12 and described guard shield 1、Dead bolt 6、Gear 8、Motor 10.2,Guide 4 by standby lock spring on described circuit board 5 and be fixedly connected with standby lock spring 3,Described standby lock spring 3 is connected with described dead bolt 6 and provides thrust for it,Unblock Hall element 5.1 it is provided with on described circuit board 5、Locking Hall element 5.2、For sensing the microswitch 5.3 of described dead bolt 6、Motor 10.2 for being connected with the power supply interface of described motor 10.2 supplies electrical connector 5.4,Described tooth housing offers gathering sill,Described dead bolt 6 is slideably positioned in described gathering sill,Gear 8 includes gear 8.2,Described gear 8.2 is arranged on described lower house 12 by axis of rotation,There is in described gear 8.2 the cylindrical cam curved surface being meshed with the face of cylinder on described dead bolt 6,The Magnet 8.1 matched with described unblock Hall element 5.1 and described locking Hall element 5.2 it is provided with in described gear 8.2,Connect on the output shaft of described motor 10.2 and have worm screw 10.1,The helical gear 8 being meshed with described worm screw 10.1 it is provided with in described gear 8.2.
Each parts annexation and operation principle explanation:
Guard shield 1, protects whole internal mechanism and part, is fixed on lower house 12 by volume skin pin 13.
On screw 2, fixing circuit board 5 and motor fixing cover 9 to lower house 12.
Standby lock spring 3, it is provided that thrust is to dead bolt 6, it is ensured that during locking, dead bolt 6 can stretch out, and is assemblied on dead bolt 6, guides 4 by standby lock spring, is supported on guard shield 1.
Standby lock spring guides 4, in work process, provides for standby lock spring 3 and guides.Can assist fixing standby lock spring 3 during assembling, be assemblied on circuit board 5, top is pushed down by guard shield 1.
Circuit board 5, is responsible for and car load communication, logical judgment, drives motor 10.2, detection to unlock the electric function such as lockup state, be fixed on lower house 12 by screw 2, and it has following electronic devices and components:
Unlocking Hall element 5.1, detect released state, when gear 8 moves to unlocked position, Magnet 8.1 thereon can trigger solution lock sensor, it is achieved the judgement of released state;
Locking Hall element 5.2, detects lockup state, and when gear 8 moves to lock position, Magnet 8.1 thereon can trigger locking sensor, it is achieved the judgement of lockup state;
Microswitch 5.3, carries out the most real-time detection to dead bolt 6, when dead bolt 6 moves upward to unlocked position, can trigger this microswitch 5.3, thus realize the direct detection to dead bolt 6, and in driving conditions, circuit board 5 can monitor the state of microswitch 5.3 in real time;
Motor 10.2, for electrical connector 5.4, is powered for motor 10.2, and power pin is inserted in the power supply interface of motor 10.2.
Dead bolt 6, locking and unblock steering column, it is installed in the gathering sill of lower house 12, it has straight pin be meshed with cylindrical cam curved surface on gear 8, when gear 8 rotates, it can be driven to move along a straight line up and down, and from realizing unblock and locking, when it arrives unlocked position, the microswitch 5.3 on circuit board 5 can be triggered, when arriving lock position, dead bolt 6 can discharge microswitch 5.3.
Gear screw 72, is fixed to gear 8 in the rotating shaft of lower house 12, stops gear 8 being axially disengaging rotating shaft.
Gear 8, is converted into slowly running of self by the high-speed rotation of worm screw 10.1;Drive dead bolt 6 to be unlocked and locking action, and provide insurance when unlocking for it;Trigger and unlock and the detection of locking state, it is assemblied in the rotating shaft of lower house 12, fixed by gear screw 72, helical gear 8 thereon engages with worm screw 10.1, form worm screw 10.1 worm gear, driven by worm screw 10.1, can be freely rotatable around rotating shaft, cylindrical cam curved surface thereon engages with the face of cylinder on dead bolt 6, drives dead bolt about 6 to move along a straight line, it is achieved to unlock and locking, flange on gear 8 external cylindrical surface, releasing process can enter below dead bolt 6, supported, prevent it from falling in tubing string because of superstructure fracture.If thus play in safety effect releasing process, dead bolt 6 is because of any failure cause, do not have to return to unlocked position, flange can interfere with it, gear 8 is stoped to turn to unlocked position, thus be allowed to trigger unblock Hall element 5.1, circuit board 5 can be diagnosed to be and cannot complete to unlock, thus send alarm, when it turns to unlocked position, the unblock Hall element 5.1 that Magnet 8.1 thereon will trigger on circuit board 5, when it turns to lock position, can trigger locking Hall element 5.2 accordingly.
Cover 9 fixed by motor, is fixed on lower house 12 by motor 10.2.Being fixed on lower house 12 by screw 2, it pushes down motor 10.2 worm screw 10.1 assembly, is allowed to position relative with lower house 12 and fixes.
Motor worm assembly 10, gear 8 is driven to rotate, pushed down by the fixing cover 9 of motor, motor 10.2 is fixed on lower house 12, and worm screw 10.1 is fixed on the output shaft of motor 10.2, engages with the helical teeth on gear 8, gear 8 is driven to rotate, motor 10.2 on circuit board 5, for electrical connector 5.4, is inserted in the power supply interface of motor 10.2, powers for it.
Safe torsion spring 11, prevent gear 8 and dead bolt 6 from accidentally entering lockup state, it is assemblied in gear 8, upper arm is fixed on gear 8, underarm is fixed on lower house 12, it can apply moment of torsion between gear 8 and lower house 12, rotation direction when this moment of torsion unlocks with gear 8 is consistent, when gear 8 rotates to lock position, the windup-degree of safe torsion spring 11 increases, reactive torque increases the most accordingly, during normal release, this reactive torque can help to unlock, improve and unlock performance, if destroying occurs in the engagement of worm screw 10.1 and gear 8, or cannot self-locking, this moment of torsion can promote gear 8 to return to unlocked position, prevent dead bolt 6 from entering lock position, cause the unexpected locking of tubing string.
Lower house 12, provides location and mount point for all parts.
Volume skin pin 13, is fixed on guard shield 1 on lower house 12.
Antitheft spring 14, slides for antitheft block 15 and provides thrust, be assemblied in the circular hole on antitheft block 15, be supported on lower house 12.
Antitheft link stopper, block dead bolt 6 under particular case, prevent dead bolt 6 to be removed, be assemblied in the groove of lower house 12, can slide in groove, blocked by guard shield 1 under normal condition, after guard shield 1 is disassembled and removes, under the promotion of antitheft spring 14, it can slide in the groove being inserted on dead bolt 6, block dead bolt 6, thus prevent dead bolt 6 to be removed, keep tubing string locking.
Compared with prior art, the raising of advantage for present invention and beneficial effect, such as performance, the reduction etc. of cost.
First, compared with existing scheme, present design has only used a part gear 8, is achieved that the transmission that locking unlocks, and locking unlocks the triggering of detection, and the insurance these three function of dead bolt 6.And traditional design needs at least two part.
The quantity of the part that this design reduces to greatest extent, thus reduce Material Cost and assembly cost.Simultaneously as structure simplifies, number of parts is few, and the reliability of whole product have also been obtained raising.Whole small product size reduces, and weight saving meets client's miniaturization, light-weighted requirement.
Second, this design, introduce safe torsion spring 11, it applies one on gear 8 all the time and unlocks the moment of torsion that rotation direction is consistent with it, this moment of torsion makes gear 8 have the trend returning to unlocked position all the time, without safe torsion spring 11, once worm screw 10.1 pair loses self-locking, or the tooth of worm screw 10.1 or gear 8 destroys, gear 8 is it would be possible to steering, locking position, cause steering column by unexpected locked, cause security incident, after increasing safe torsion spring 11, even if above-mentioned failure mode occurs, gear 8 also only can turn to unlocked position, return to released state, thus prevent the unexpected generation locked, and during normal release, its reactive torque provided can help to unlock, improve and unlock performance.
null3rd,Cylindrical cam curved surface on gear 8 is also optimized by this design,Its developed curve is the five continuous polynomial curves in rank,May insure that the speed in operation process,Acceleration change smoothes out,Reduce impact and noise,Whole curve has been divided into upper and lower two parts,Lower part and top half,The total kilometres of dead bolt 6 are above-below direction 10mm,In the range of the 5mm of lower end,Driven by the latter half of cam curved surface,In this section of stroke,Dead bolt 6 is in engagement with the lock tube on tubing string,There is bigger frictional force,Therefore the slope of cam the latter half is less,Bigger thrust can be provided to dead bolt 6,Ensure that it can overcome resistance,In the range of dead bolt 6 stroke upper end 5mm,It is the most separated with tubing string lock tube,Therefore not load,Frictional force is the least,Accordingly,The slope of the top half of cam curved surface is bigger,Dead bolt 6 can be promoted to move with faster speed,It is rapidly completed unblock.Such cam curved surface designs, and solves releasing force and the contradiction unlocked between response time, can either ensure that releasing force is sufficiently large, be able to ensure that again unlocked time is shorter.The unblock performance of product is improved.
4th, this design, also constraint and fixed form to gear 8 are optimized, the rotating shaft of lower house 12 gear 8 has been divided into 3 sections, and top and the bottom are the shaft hole matching on the face of cylinder, with gear 8, middle larger portion is taper seat, with gear 8 axis hole not in contact with.On the one hand such design can reduce the frictional force between gear 8 and lower house 12, improves mechanical efficiency;On the other hand, the difficulty of the die cast of this rotating shaft can be reduced, it is ensured that higher dimensional accuracy.
Gear 8 is fixed on lower house 12 by gear screw 72, simple and reliable.And traditional design generally requires and is retrained and fixed gear 8 by other increasingly complex part.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.