CN104550950B - For the Laser Scanning of precinct laser fusion - Google Patents
For the Laser Scanning of precinct laser fusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN104550950B CN104550950B CN201410678815.5A CN201410678815A CN104550950B CN 104550950 B CN104550950 B CN 104550950B CN 201410678815 A CN201410678815 A CN 201410678815A CN 104550950 B CN104550950 B CN 104550950B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion, comprise following methods step: according to the cross section information of workpiece, workpiece area being divided into several length of sides is the latticed equilateral triangle of 1mm ~ 10mm and several irregular figures on border, and the value of adjacent inter-pattern space G is-1mm ~ 1mm; The irregular figure on border is seen that Composition Region equilateral triangle carries out scan process, adopts equidistant scan line to complete subregion graph scanning successively; According to partitioning scenario, equidistant scan line is adopted to complete gap scanning successively; According to demand along workpiece real contour line or with workpiece real contour line inwardly or outwards the outline line departed within 1mm scan, also can carry out Multiple-Scan respectively along many outline lines departed within 1mm with workpiece real contour line, complete the cross-sectional scans of workpiece.Scan method of the present invention improves the discrete effect of residual stress in laser scanning workpiece, and in scanning process, laser scanning direction is without the need to repeatedly changing, and scan efficiency is high, and technology controlling and process is simple, ensure that density and the precision of workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to direct metal rapid manufacturing technology, be specifically related to a kind of Laser Scanning of selective laser melting process.
Background technology
Selective laser melting process is that a kind of control laser that passes through successively scans, and is layering and forms the Rapid Manufacturing Technology of 3 D workpiece.Its technological process is as follows: 1, first carry out slicing treatment to the threedimensional model of workpiece, obtain the profile information of the every one deck of workpiece; 2, spread uniformly by dusty material and be sprinkled upon workbench on the surface, laser is according to system command optionally melting powder; 3, after a cross section completes, repave last layer new material, continue cross section information corresponding according to three-dimensional body selectively and scan.By repeating step 2 and step 3, finally obtain 3 D workpiece.The advantage of the method is to can be used to that manufacture process flexible degree is high, workpiece excellent in mechanical performance and the high metal works of dimensional accuracy.
The region heat distribution that in precinct laser fusion process, laser scanning is arrived is concentrated, easily because of with surrounding not by laser scanning to powder form large thermograde, thus cause buckling deformation, problems of crack.Consider that the change of the scan methods such as the scanning pattern of laser in building process, scan power, sweep speed, sweep span is by the distribution of the distribution and residual stress that affect heat, and then affect final manufacturing effect, therefore the design of Laser Scanning is the problem studied in this technology always.
For making the discrete distribution of residual stress in prior art, often first subregion being carried out to scanning profile, then adopting certain scan mode to process.The scan mode of current employing mainly can be divided into parallel line sweeping, profile equal space line to scan and the two mixed sweep.Common partitioned mode has strip-type and checkerboard type, and strip-type scanning subregion span is little, but the inabundant discrete distribution of the residual stress in a direction; Checkerboard type scanning residual stress distribution is discrete, but needs often to change scanning direction, and span is comparatively large, affects scan efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion, adopt the method can reduce inside workpiece residual stress, avoid buckling deformation, can scan efficiency be taken into account again simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A workpiece area, according to the cross section information of workpiece, is divided into several subregion figures by (), described subregion figure is the length of side is the latticed equilateral triangle of 1mm ~ 10mm or the irregular figure on border, and the value of adjacent subregion figure clearance G is-1mm ~ 1mm;
B the irregular figure on described border is seen that Composition Region equilateral triangle carries out scan process by (), scan successively to subregion figure by-line:
First from the subregion figure of workpiece one lateral boundaries, parallel to each other and have the adjacent subregion figure in summit or limit to carry out continuous sweep to scan line, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates, wherein, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is parallel with the scan line in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure is also parallel with this adjacent edge, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is 60o with the scan line angle in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure and the angle of this adjacent edge are also 60o, for all subregion figures in same layer cross section, have the scan line that three kinds are mutually 120o angle,
Again from workpiece side, to not scan and the consistent subregion figure of scan-line direction scans by above-mentioned the same manner, until complete all subregion figures of this scanning direction;
In the same fashion the subregion figure of two other scanning direction is scanned, until complete all subregion graph scannings;
(c) when clearance G >=0, scanning gap in the following way:
From one end of the gap area of workpiece side, to a gap area by-line scanning, until the gap area other end;
The gap area that scanning direction is identical in a manner described, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates;
Scan the gap area of other both direction scan lines in the same fashion, until complete the scanning of all gap areas of workpiece.
Further, in order to ensure the precision of workpiece, can also comprise in scanning process: along workpiece real contour line or with workpiece real contour line inwardly or outwards the outline line departed within 1mm scan, also can carry out Multiple-Scan respectively along many outline lines departed within 1mm with workpiece real contour line, complete the cross-sectional scans of workpiece.
Further, subregion figure interscan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with a wherein limit of subregion equilateral triangle.
Further, in subregion figure, adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
Further, in gap scanning process, scan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with a wherein limit of subregion equilateral triangle.
Further, in gap area, adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
This method is by carrying out the subregion of equilateral triangle shape to the laser scanning cross section of workpiece, and the mode of by-line scanning and profile scan is adopted according to partition information, improve the discrete effect of residual stress in laser scanning workpiece, improve scan efficiency high, ensure that density and the precision of workpiece.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that described laser scanning subregion generates schematic diagram, and gap size is zero.
Fig. 2 be described laser scanning subregion generate schematic diagram, gap size be on the occasion of.
Fig. 3 is that described laser scanning subregion generates schematic diagram, and gap size is negative value.
Fig. 4 is described laser scanning subregion inner scanning line schematic diagram, and laser beam scans full subregion by this figure.
To be laser beam carry out scanning schematic diagram along the subarea-scanning line in one of them direction to Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is the subarea-scanning line schematic diagram that laser beam flying completes a direction.
To be laser beam carry out scanning schematic diagram along the gap scanning line in one of them direction to Fig. 7.
Fig. 8 is laser beam flying full gap scanning line schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is that laser beam carries out scanning schematic diagram by profile scan line.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
For a Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion, key step comprises:
1, subregion figure divides
According to the cross section information of workpiece, workpiece area is divided into several subregion figures, it is the latticed equilateral triangle of 1mm ~ 10mm and several irregular figures on border that described subregion figure comprises several length of sides, and the value of adjacent subregion figure clearance G is-1mm ~ 1mm
As G > 0, there is certain distance in adjacent sectors, as shown in Figure 1;
As G=0, adjacent sectors shares a limit, as shown in Figure 2;
As G < 0, there is intersection between adjacent sectors, as shown in Figure 3.
2, subregion graph scanning
The irregular figure on described border is seen that Composition Region equilateral triangle carries out scan process, successively subregion figure by-line is scanned:
21, first from the subregion figure of workpiece one lateral boundaries, parallel to each other and have the adjacent subregion figure in summit or limit to carry out continuous sweep to scan line, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates, wherein, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is parallel with the scan line in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure is also parallel with this adjacent edge, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is 60o with the scan line angle in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure and the angle of this adjacent edge are also 60o, for all subregion figures in same layer cross section, have the scan line that three kinds are mutually 120o angle, as shown in Figure 5,
22, again from workpiece side, to not scan and the consistent subregion figure of scan-line direction scans by above-mentioned the same manner, until complete all subregion figures of this scanning direction, as shown in Figure 6;
23, repeat 21 and 22 steps, the subregion figure of two other scanning direction is scanned, until complete all subregion graph scannings, as shown in Figure 4.
In subregion figure scanning process, scan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with a wherein limit of equilateral triangle.In subregion figure, the scanning direction of adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
3, gap scanning
When clearance G >=0, scanning gap in the following way:
31, from one end of the gap area of workpiece side, to a gap area by-line scanning, until the gap area other end;
32, the gap area that scanning direction is identical in a manner described, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates, as shown in Figure 7;
33, repeat 31 and 32 steps, scan the gap area of other both direction scan lines, until complete the scanning in all gaps of workpiece, as shown in Figure 8.
In gap scanning process, scan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with a wherein limit of subregion equilateral triangle.In gap area, the scanning direction of adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
4, profile scan
According to Production requirement, along workpiece real contour line or with workpiece real contour line inwardly or outwards the outline line departed within 1mm scan, also can carry out Multiple-Scan respectively along many outline lines departed within 1mm with workpiece real contour line, complete the cross-sectional scans of workpiece.
Scan method of the present invention improves the discrete effect of residual stress in laser scanning workpiece, and in scanning process, laser scanning direction is without the need to repeatedly changing, and scan efficiency is high, and technology controlling and process is simple, ensure that density and the precision of workpiece.
Claims (6)
1., for the Laser Scanning of precinct laser fusion, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A () is according to the cross section information of workpiece, workpiece area is divided into several subregion figures, described subregion figure is the length of side is the latticed equilateral triangle of 1mm ~ 10mm or the irregular figure on border, and the value of adjacent subregion figure clearance G is-1mm ~ 1mm;
B the irregular figure on described border is seen that Composition Region equilateral triangle carries out scan process by (), successively subregion figure by-line is scanned: first from the subregion figure of workpiece one lateral boundaries, parallel to each other and have the adjacent subregion figure in summit or limit to carry out continuous sweep to scan line, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates, wherein, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is parallel with the scan line in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure is also parallel with this adjacent edge, if the adjacent edge of adjacent pattern is 60 ° with the scan line angle in one of them figure, scan line then in another figure and the angle of this adjacent edge are also 60 °, for all subregion figures in same layer cross section, have the scan line that three kinds are mutually 120 ° of angles,
Again from workpiece side, to not scan and the consistent subregion figure of scan-line direction scans by above-mentioned the same manner, until complete all subregion figures of this scanning direction;
In the same fashion the subregion figure of two other scanning direction is scanned, until complete all subregion graph scannings;
(c) when clearance G >=0,
From one end of the gap area of workpiece side, to a gap area by-line scanning, until the gap area other end;
The gap area that scanning direction is identical in a manner described, until the opposite side of workpiece terminates;
Scan the gap area of other both direction scan lines in the same fashion, until complete the scanning in all gaps of workpiece.
2. the Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described method also comprises: along workpiece real contour line or with workpiece real contour line inwardly or outwards the outline line departed within 1mm scan, complete the cross-sectional scans of workpiece.
3. the Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion according to claim 1, is characterized in that described subregion figure interscan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with a wherein limit of subregion equilateral triangle.
4. the Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described subregion figure, adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
5. the Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion according to claim 1, is characterized in that in gap scanning process, and scan line is parallel equidistant straight line, and parallel with the leg-of-mutton wherein limit of subregion.
6. the Laser Scanning for precinct laser fusion according to claim 1, is characterized in that in gap area, adjacent scanning lines can be carried out in the same way, also can be reversed, i.e. zigzag scanning.
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Address after: No. 181, Linyu Road, national high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Patentee after: Hunan Huashu High Tech Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 181, Linyu Road, national high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Patentee before: HUNAN FARSOON HIGH-TECH Co.,Ltd. |