CN104547458A - 一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属中医药技术领域,涉及一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂。本发明遵循治疗冠心病(胸痹)的原则:益气化痰、补气以行气、扶正兼祛邪,采用原料药黄芪、瓜蒌实、薤白、半夏为主药,配以辅药,制得所述复方中药制剂,并联合针灸穴位循经疗法,制成复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线),经对膻中、心俞进行“持续留针”治疗冠心病心绞痛试验,结果表明,所述复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)能有效减少冠心病心绞痛的发生,作用优于硝酸酯类药物,可用于治疗冠心病心绞痛,有良好应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属中医药技术领域,涉及一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂。
背景技术
目前,冠心病是人类社会死亡的重要原因,全球每年死于心血管疾病的人约有1000多万,其中超过80%为冠心病患者;对于冠心病的治疗方法包括血管再灌注治疗和药物保守治疗。当前,介入技术取得蓬勃发展,我国经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的病例每年以30%的速度递增。所述PCI虽然可快速有效缓解症状,但是仍有一部分冠心病,尤其是临界病变患者不能接受PCI治疗,以及部分接受PCI治疗后的冠心病患者仍存在心绞痛的症状;因此,针对上述部分人群,减少患者心绞痛的发生,改善生活质量非常重要。
所述中医药治疗冠心病心绞痛有着良好的效果,目前上市的保心丸、心可舒都具有良好的抗心绞痛的作用,但是上述药物的治疗均不能达到一个持久的效果,需要每天不间断使用。
穴位埋线是目前临床上广泛应用的具有中医特色的中医外治法;所述穴位埋线疗法是将羊肠线或可吸收性外科缝线,根据中医辨证论治循经原理埋入所需穴位,通过羊肠线对穴位的持续理化刺激作用,达到预防及治疗疾病的一种外治方法;而药物埋线是将药物与羊肠线结合,通过药物作用联合循经穴位原理增强放大其临床疗效的方法。
所述药物埋线是在留针的基础上发展起来,可通过保留长时间的针感来保持针灸的持续作用,加强治疗效果。布的尔坡等认为,药物埋线将穴位封闭效应、针刺效应、药物功效、刺血效应、穴位处机体组织损伤的后作用效应、留针及埋针效应、组织疗法效应等多种效应融为一体,同时发挥作用,形成一种复杂的、持久而柔和的非特异性刺激;所述药物埋线是一种复合性的治疗方法,除了腧穴本身的功能外,还有其他特有的优势。上述刚柔相济的刺激过程,可从整体上对脏腑进行调节,使之达到“ 阴平阳秘”的状态。
现代医学对药物埋线疗法进行研究,发现在该过程中机体内部的一些微观组织结构也在发生着相应的变化。有研究指出,药线埋入机体后,逐渐液化、吸收的过程为异体蛋白刺激,类似组织疗法,有增强免疫功能的效应。徐三文认为药线入穴后能提高机体的应激能力,促进病灶部位血管床增加,血管新生,血流量增大,血管通透性和血液循环得到改善,从而加快炎症的吸收,减少渗出、粘连。温木生提出,穴位埋线能对穴位、神经以及整个中枢产生一种综合作用,使组织器官的活动能力加强,血液循环及淋巴回流加快,局部新陈代谢增强,其营养状态得到改善,产生的疼痛信号传到相应的脊髓后角内,可引起脊髓水平的抑制效应,调节其所支配的内脏器官。因此,所述药物埋线疗法具有较一般针刺方法更为强烈的针刺效应,利用其特殊的针具与所埋之药线对穴位产生持续的理化刺激以及发挥所带有的药效作用。
本申请的发明人拟提供一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,尤其是该复方中药制剂制成药线的制剂类型,可对膻中、心俞进行“持续留针”治疗。
与本发明有关的参考文献:
1.The Catalonia Declaration - Investing in Heart Health. Declaration of the Advisory Board the 2nd Int’l Heart Health Conference. Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain), June 1, 1995.
2.张光明, 魏承毓. 预防冠心病相关因素的研究进展.国外医学: 社会医学分册,2002,19(1):32-5.
3.陈利国,蔡向红.留针的意义及时限探讨.中国针灸,1996,12(6):40
4.布的尔坡,张兴明.穴位埋线疗法的治疗原理与临床应用价值.西部医学,2009,21(5):852-854
5.任晓艳.穴位埋线的源流及其机理探讨.中国医药学报,2004,19(12):757-759
6.高德荣,高德贵,高露,等.穴位埋线治疗类风湿性关节炎疗效观察. 上海针灸杂志,2007,26(5):27
7.徐三文.谈外治法中的穴位埋线疗法. 中医外治杂志,2002,11(5):38-39
8.刘卫英,邓元江,彭楚湘,等.穴位埋线抗青霉素致痫大鼠癫痫发作的行为学观察. 中国中医药信息杂志,2006,13(4):18-20
9.温木生.穿刺针行针刺小针刀埋线综合疗法的可行性.辽宁中医杂志,199,26(3):126
10.张夏毅,沈霖,范恒,等.穴位埋线治疗实验性结肠炎大鼠的机制探讨.世界中医药,2011,6(6):527-529。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,尤其是该复方中药制剂制成药线的制剂类型,对膻中、心俞进行“持续留针”治疗。
本发明遵循治疗冠心病(胸痹)的原则——益气化痰、补气以行气、扶正兼祛邪,采用黄芪、瓜蒌实、薤白、制半夏为主药,配以辅药,制得所述复方中药制剂,进一步联合针灸穴位循经疗法,制成复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线),对膻中、心俞进行“持续留针”治疗,治疗冠心病心绞痛。
本发明所涉及的中药材,其中:
所述黄芪,益气补气,补气以行气,故为君药;
所述瓜蒌实,理气宽胸,涤痰散结为臣;
所述薤白,温通滑利,通阳散结,行气止痛为臣;
所述半夏,燥湿化痰,降逆散结,胸痹真心痛病机为心气虚,痰瘀互结;
所述的复方中药制剂中,黄芪益气,以补心气不足,配以瓜蒌实、薤白一祛痰结,一通胸阳,相辅相成,更加增加补气行气之功效。
更具体的,本发明的治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,由下述剂量范围的原料药:黄芪300g—600g,瓜蒌实100g—150g,薤白100g—150g,半夏100g—150g制得。
本发明优选原料药的剂量为:黄芪500g,瓜蒌实120g,薤白100g,半夏100g。
进一步制备所述复方中药制剂的药线。
本发明中,制备所述复方中药制剂的药线的方法,其包括步骤,
(1)按所述的剂量范围取原料药:黄芪、瓜蒌实、薤白、半夏在冷水中浸泡30分钟以上,水与上述原料药比例为1:2;大火烧开后,文火烧20分钟,滤去沉渣,得复方中药制剂药液(又称补气化痰方药液);
(2)将医用羊肠线(长0.8 cm)浸入所述复方中药制剂药液(补气化痰方药液)中,经浸泡过夜后取出,高温灭菌消毒,制得复方中药制剂的药线(又称补气化痰药线),备用。本发明的实施例中,采用长0.8 cm的 2/0#医用羊肠线制备所述复方中药制剂的药线。
本发明中,通过补气化痰埋线治疗冠心病心绞痛,并与硝酸酯类做对比,观察其对心绞痛发生的影响,结果显示,所述复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)能有效减少冠心病心绞痛的发生,其效果优于硝酸酯类药物,可用于治疗冠心病心绞痛,有良好应用前景。
具体实施方式
实施例1
制备复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)
①将原料药黄芪300g,瓜蒌实100g,薤白100g,半夏100g在冷水中浸泡30分钟以上,水与上述药物的比例为1:2;大火烧开后,文火烧20分钟,滤去沉渣,制得复方中药制剂(补气化痰制剂);
②将长0.8 cm的 2/0#医用羊肠线浸入上述复方中药制剂(补气化痰制剂)药液中,浸泡过夜后取出,高温灭菌消毒,制得复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线),备用。
实施例2
(2)制备复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)
①将中药黄芪600g,瓜蒌实150g,薤白150g,半夏150g在冷水中浸泡30分钟以上,水与上述药物的比例为1:2;大火烧开后,文火烧20分钟即可,滤去沉渣,制得复方中药制剂(补气化痰制剂);
②将长0.8 cm的 2/0#医用羊肠线浸入上述复方中药制剂(补气化痰制剂)药液中,浸泡过夜后取出,高温灭菌消毒,制得复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线),备用。
实施例3 复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)埋线治疗冠心病心绞痛
实验方法
(1)临床资料选择2012年1月至2012年6月经上海中医药大学附属普陀医院心内科经冠脉造影确诊为冠心病(冠状动脉狭窄>50%,且<70%)患者80例;所有病例未经过PCI及外科搭桥治疗;
(2)制备复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)
①将中药黄芪500g,瓜蒌实120g,薤白100g,半夏100g在冷水中浸泡30分钟以上,水与上述药物的比例为1:2;大火烧开后,文火烧20分钟即可,滤去沉渣,制得复方中药制剂药液(补气化痰制剂);
②将2/0#医用羊肠线(长0.8 cm)浸入上述复方中药制剂(补气化痰制剂)药液中,经过浸泡过夜后取出,100℃高温灭菌消毒,制得复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线),备用;
(3)入组标准:
①冠状动脉造影检查提示血管狭窄>50%,且<70%;
②愿意接受本治疗;
(4)排除标准:
①其他器质性心脏病(先天性心脏病,心脏瓣膜性疾病等);
②不愿意接受本治疗;
(5)分组
所有80例患者随机分为3组,1组为治疗组,进行补气化痰埋线治疗;1组为埋线对照组,进行普通埋线治疗;1组为药物对照组,进行硝酸酯类药物治疗。治疗组28名患者,普通埋线组27名患者,药物对照组25名患者。
①所有病例若无禁忌皆进行冠心病常规治疗,包括抗血小板聚集治疗(阿司匹林),稳定斑块治疗(他汀类),抑制心肌重构治疗(ACEI/ARB),减轻心脏负荷、降低交感兴奋(倍他受体阻滞剂);
②治疗组与普通埋线组:对纳入研究且分组到治疗组及普通埋线组的所有患者,1周后进行补气化痰埋线与普通埋线治疗;每2周进行1次埋线(根据药线吸收情况),疗程为8周;
③对照组:对纳入研究且分组到对照组的所有患者,进行长效硝酸酯类(异乐定)药物治疗;每天一次,每次50mg,疗程为8周;
(6)穴位埋线
①取穴:主穴取膻中、心俞;
②操作方法:患者取仰卧或俯卧位;术者选取穴位,以镊子压痕做标记;助手消毒,铺洞巾;术者戴好帽子及口罩;常规消毒腧穴皮肤,将内置有所述药线的埋线针快速刺入腧穴,提插得气后将线植入腧穴内,迅速拔针;之后,消毒皮肤创可贴或敷料包扎固定;每2周埋线1次(根据药线吸收情况),嘱患者3天内保持伤口干燥;
(7)观察指标
4周3组进行随访:①心绞痛发生次数与缓解时间;②头痛,低血压等不良事件发生;③有无创口感染及生命体征变化;
(8)统计学方法采用SPSS 17.0 软件包进行统计学处理,计量资料采用均数±标准差(`χ±s);P<0.05作为具有统计学差异。
3结果
(1)一般资料比较
三组患者干预前年龄、性别、左前降支(LAD)病变数目、三支血管病变数目3组没有统计学差异,治疗组在治疗8周,均未发生发热、穴位局部红肿的并发症(如表1所示);
表1三组患者一般资料比较
(2)治疗后临床事件比较
比较三组患者治疗8周心绞痛发生次数、心绞痛缓解时间,治疗组较普通埋线组、对照组有减少,对照组有7例患者出现头痛,1例患者出现一过性低血压(如表2所示);
表2三组患者治疗后动态心电图比较
上述实验结果表明,所述复方中药制剂的药线(补气化痰药线)能有效减少冠心病心绞痛的发生,作用优于硝酸酯类药物,可用于治疗冠心病心绞痛,有良好应用前景。
Claims (7)
1.一种治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,由下述剂量范围的原料药制得:
黄芪300g—600g,瓜蒌实100g—150g,薤白100g—150g,半夏100g—150g。
2.按权利要求1所述的治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,所述原料药的剂量为:
黄芪500g,瓜蒌实120g,薤白100g,半夏100g。
3.按权利要求1所述的治疗冠心病心绞痛的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,所述的复方中药制剂制成药线。
4.制备权利要求3所述复方中药制剂的药线的方法,其特征在于,其包括步骤,
(1)按所述剂量将原料药黄芪、瓜蒌实、薤白、半夏在冷水中浸泡30分钟以上,大火烧开后,文火烧20分钟即可,滤去沉渣,制得复方中药制剂药液;
(2)将2/0#医用羊肠线浸入所述复方中药制剂药液中,经过浸泡过夜后取出,100℃高温灭菌消毒,制得复方中药制剂的药线,备用。
5.按权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,水与所述原料药比例为1:2。
6.按权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,所述医用羊肠线的长度为0.8 cm。
7.权利要求1所述复方中药制剂在制备治疗冠心病心绞痛药线中的用途。
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