CN104543587A - Ecological, environment-friendly, nutritional and high-efficiency carassius auratus pengzesis feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological, environment-friendly, nutritional and high-efficiency carassius auratus pengzesis feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological, environment-friendly, nutritional and high-efficiency carassius auratus pengzesis feed and a preparation method of the feed. Compared with an existing formula technology, raw materials of the feed are proportioned reasonably according to the nutritional requirement of carassius auratus pengzesis and the raw material digestibility of the carassius auratus pengzesis, and the feed formula cost is reduced; the amino acid composition of the feed is balanced according to the composition of amino acids in muscles of the carassius auratus pengzesis, so that the carassius auratus pengzesis has the high utilization rate on the feed protein and the pollution of nitrogen emission in metabolic wastes to farming water is reduced; according to the feed, the ratio of animal protein and fish meal is reduced, the vegetable protein ratio is increased, the feed formula cost and the phosphorous emission are reduced remarkably, and the water eutrophication caused by unbalanced nitrogen and phosphorus ratio is avoided; chelated microelements are adopted for replacing inorganic microelements, and the absorption rate is increased remarkably; the added taurine can be used for improving the immunity; stable VC and vitamin E are added to improve the stress resistance; colleseed oil is appropriately added, the content of the total protein is reduced, the fat conservation effect on the protein is achieved, and the water pollution is reduced; and no any antibiotics are added, and therefore, the feed is green and environmentally-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the culturing feed of freshwater fish, especially relate to the Pengzhe fish feed of a kind of ecological, environmental protective, nutrient efficient.The present invention also provides the preparation method of this feed.
Background technology
Preserve the ecological environment, rise to national strategy.Under current intensive aquaculture condition, cultured fishes are polluted day by day serious to cultivation water, caused showing great attention to of society.How under the precursor guaranteeing raiser's economic benefit, improve breeding environment, become the primary study direction of researcher.Under same aquaculture model and management condition, the quality of feed realizes cultivation water to control, ensure the important means that healthy fish cultivates.Development ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type feed for improve feed bioavailability, reduce water pollution, improve cultured fishes survival rate and have great importance.Crucian is one of main fish of China's freshwater aquiculture, and Pengzhe fish belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, carp subfamily, crucian carp belongs to, and is a kind of crucian carp, there is the merits such as breeding is simple and easy, growth is fast, individuality is large, strong stress resistance, nutritive value are high, obtain obvious economical, societal benefits.At present, market there is no ripe Pengzhe fish special compound feed, seriously constrain the development of Pengzhe fish aquaculture industry.Therefore, be necessary the Pengzhe fish feed developing a kind of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient, to promote the sustainable development of China's Pengzhe fish aquaculture and aquaculture feed industry.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological, environmental protective, nutrient efficient, inexpensive freshwater fish culturing feed, especially the raising of Pengzhe fish is applicable to, to improve survival rate, growth performance, the immunity of Pengzhe fish, promote intestinal health, strengthen the absorptivity of nutriment, reduce residual bait, excreta to the pollution of cultivation water, increase the yield per unit area and benefit.The present invention also provides the preparation method of this feed.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
A kind of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed, formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing: fish meal 11 ~ 14 weight portion, dregs of beans 23 ~ 26 weight portion, peanut meal 7 ~ 9 weight portion, cotton dregs 7 ~ 9 weight portion, the dish dregs of rice 10 ~ 13 weight portion, flour 13 ~ 16 weight portion, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 6 ~ 8 weight portion, rice bran 9 ~ 12 weight portion, rapeseed oil 5 ~ 6 weight portion, Choline Chloride 0.3 ~ 0.4 weight portion, salt 0.2 ~ 0.3 weight portion, chelated microelement 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion, fish multidimensional 0.1 weight portion, vitamin E 0.03 weight portion, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 weight portion, taurine 0.1 weight portion, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 weight portion, methionine 0.2 weight portion.
In order to obtain better technique effect, described chelated microelement is formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing: zeolite powder 15 weight portion, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 24 weight portion, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 16 weight portion, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12 weight portion, methionine hydroxy zinc 11 weight portion, methionine hydroxy manganese 4.5 weight portion, hydroxy methionine copper 1.5 weight portion, yeast selenium 6 weight portion, 1% iodine calcium powder 7 weight portion, 1% cobalt calcium powder 3 weight portion;
Described fish is formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing by multidimensional: inositol 6 weight portion, nicotinic acid 14 weight portion, calcium pantothenate 26 weight portion, biotin 7.5 weight portion, l-cn 12 weight portion, Cobastab
64.5 weight portions, Cobastab
27.5 weight portions, Cobastab
14.5 weight portions, Cobastab
121.5 weight portions, folic acid 3 weight portion, vitamin A 5 weight portion, vitamin D
32.5 weight portions, vitamin K
36 weight portions;
Described cotton dregs are the cotton dregs of crude protein mass content 46%;
Described methionine is crystal amino acid.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned Pengzhe fish feed, the steps include:
1, take respectively by weight: fish meal 11 ~ 14 weight portion, dregs of beans 23 ~ 26 weight portion, peanut meal 7 ~ 9 weight portion, cotton dregs 7 ~ 9 weight portion, the dish dregs of rice 10 ~ 13 weight portion, flour 13 ~ 16 weight portion, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 6 ~ 8 weight portion, rice bran 9 ~ 12 weight portion, rapeseed oil 5 ~ 6 weight portion, Choline Chloride 0.3 ~ 0.4 weight portion, salt 0.2 ~ 0.3 weight portion, chelated microelement 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion, fish multidimensional 0.1 weight portion, vitamin E 0.03 weight portion, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 weight portion, taurine 0.1 weight portion, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 weight portion, methionine 0.2 weight portion,
2, other raw materials except rapeseed oil taken are dropped into mixer, then add 60 ~ 65% rapeseed oils taken, mix;
3, mixed raw material is modulated 5min through pellet quality-adjusting device at 90 DEG C;
4, again at 95 DEG C through the expanded machine-processed feed grain of screw rod extruder, then feed grain is dried at 58 DEG C;
5, the rapeseed oil of remaining 35 ~ 40% is sprayed at 60 ~ 80 DEG C the surface of feed grain through the outer painting machine of drum-type grease, after cooling, namely make ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of the present invention.
In order to obtain better technique effect, before step 2, need raw material such as dregs of beans, peanut meal, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, alcohol albumen, the rice bran pulverized to drop into pulverizer respectively and pulverize, grinding particle size is 60 ~ 150 orders.
Compared with existing formula technique, the present invention has the following advantages: 1, according to the nutritional need of Pengzhe fish and the digestibility rational proportion feedstuff to feedstuff, reduces feed formula cost.Simultaneously according to Pengzhe fish muscle amino acid composition, amino acid whose composition in balanced feed, to meet the growth needs of Pengzhe fish, improves Pengzhe fish to the utilization rate of feed protein, reduces the nitrogen discharged pollution to cultivation water in metabolic waste; 2, feed formula provided by the invention reduces animal protein fish meal ratio and improves vegetable protein ratio, obviously can reduce the discharge of feed formula cost and phosphorus; The utilization rate of Pengzhe fish to Dietary phosphorus can be improved, reduce phosphorus to the pollution of cultivation water, prevent N∶P ratio unbalance and cause body eutrophication; 3, the present invention adopts chelated microelement to substitute inorganic microelement, can significantly improve absorptivity, strengthens the physique of fish, and make its body colour build nature, improve the speed of growth, colleague can reduce water pollution; 4, the taurine that the present invention adds can improve immunity; Add and stablize VC and vitamin E, anti-emergency capability can be improved; Suitable increase rapeseed oil ratio, reduces total protein content, plays the saving effect of fat to albumen, reduces water pollution; 5, the present invention does not add any antibiotic, is environment-protecting feed.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ecological, environmental protective of the present invention, nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed is made up of following component: fish meal 11 kg, dregs of beans 23.77 kg, peanut meal 8 kg, cotton dregs 8 kg of crude protein mass content 46%, the dish dregs of rice 11 kg, flour 13 kg, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 7 kg, rice bran 9 kg, rapeseed oil 5.5 kg(wherein in rapeseed oil 3.5kg, spraying rapeseed oil 2kg), Choline Chloride 0.4 kg, salt 0.3 kg, vitamin E 0.03 kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 kg, taurine 0.1 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 kg, methionine 0.2 kg, chelated microelement 0.4 kg, fish multidimensional 0.1 kg.
Wherein, chelated microelement consists of: zeolite powder 60 g, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 96 g, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 64 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 48 g, methionine hydroxy zinc 44 g, methionine hydroxy manganese 18 g, hydroxy methionine copper 6 g, yeast selenium 24 g, 1% iodine calcium powder 28 g, 1% cobalt calcium powder 12 g;
Fish multidimensional addition is: inositol 6 g, nicotinic acid 14 g, calcium pantothenate 26 g, biotin 7.5 g, l-cn 12 g, Cobastab
64.5 g, Cobastab
27.5 g, Cobastab
14.5 g, Cobastab
121.5 g, folic acid 3 g, vitamin A 5 g, vitamin D
32.5 g, vitamin K
36 g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of the present invention is made up of following component: fish meal 12 kg, dregs of beans 23.37 kg, peanut meal 8 kg, cotton dregs 7.5 kg of crude protein mass content 46%, the dish dregs of rice 11 kg, flour 13 kg, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 7 kg, rice bran 9 kg, rapeseed oil 5.4 kg(wherein in rapeseed oil 3.4kg, spraying rapeseed oil 2kg), Choline Chloride 0.4 kg, salt 0.3 kg, vitamin E 0.03 kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 kg, taurine 0.1 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 kg, methionine 0.2 kg, chelated microelement 0.4 kg, fish multidimensional 0.1 kg.
Wherein, chelated microelement consists of: zeolite powder 60 g, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 96 g, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 64 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 48 g, methionine hydroxy zinc 44 g, methionine hydroxy manganese 18 g, hydroxy methionine copper 6 g, yeast selenium 24 g, 1% iodine calcium powder 28 g, 1% cobalt calcium powder 12 g;
Fish multidimensional addition is: inositol 6 g, nicotinic acid 14 g, calcium pantothenate 26 g, biotin 7.5 g, l-cn 12 g, Cobastab
64.5 g, Cobastab
27.5 g, Cobastab
14.5 g, Cobastab
121.5 g, folic acid 3 g, vitamin A 5 g, vitamin D
32.5 g, vitamin K
36 g.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of the present invention is made up of following component: fish meal 14 kg, dregs of beans 23.07 kg, peanut meal 7 kg, cotton dregs 7.5 kg of crude protein mass content 46%, the dish dregs of rice 10.5 kg, flour 13 kg, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 7 kg, rice bran 9 kg, rapeseed oil 5.2 kg(wherein in rapeseed oil 3.2kg, spraying rapeseed oil 2kg), Choline Chloride 0.4 kg, salt 0.3 kg, vitamin E 0.03 kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 kg, taurine 0.1 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 kg, methionine 0.2 kg, chelated microelement 0.4 kg, fish multidimensional 0.1 kg.
Wherein, chelated microelement consists of: zeolite powder 60 g, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 96 g, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 64 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 48 g, methionine hydroxy zinc 44 g, methionine hydroxy manganese 18 g, hydroxy methionine copper 6 g, yeast selenium 24 g, 1% iodine calcium powder 28 g, 1% cobalt calcium powder 12 g;
Fish multidimensional addition is: inositol 6 g, nicotinic acid 14 g, calcium pantothenate 26 g, biotin 7.5 g, l-cn 12 g, Cobastab
64.5 g, Cobastab
27.5 g, Cobastab
14.5 g, Cobastab
121.5 g, folic acid 3 g, vitamin A 5 g, vitamin D
32.5 g, vitamin K
36 g.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the arbitrary described ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of embodiment 1-3, its step comprises:
1, each component is taken respectively by mass percent;
2, need raw material such as dregs of beans, peanut meal, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, alcohol albumen, the rice bran pulverized to drop into pulverizer respectively and pulverize, grinding particle size is 60 ~ 150 orders;
3, other raw materials except rapeseed oil of taking are dropped into mixer, with rapeseed oil in then adding, be inside 60 ~ 65% of the rapeseed oil taken with rapeseed oil, mix;
4, mixed raw material is modulated 5min through pellet quality-adjusting device at 90 DEG C;
5, again at 95 DEG C through the expanded machine-processed feed grain of Double-screw extruder, then feed grain is dried at 58 DEG C;
6, spraying rapeseed oil is sprayed at 60 ~ 80 DEG C the surface of feed grain through the outer painting machine of drum-type grease, spraying rapeseed oil is the rapeseed oil taken of remaining 35 ~ 40%; After cooling, namely make ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of the present invention.
Embodiment 5
In order to beneficial effect of the present invention is better described, provide contrast experiment's effect of technical scheme provided by the invention below, extract and market sells good 2 kinds of crucian puffing compound feeds and cultivation contrast experiment is carried out in this technological invention.
Commercially available 2 kinds of crucian puffing compound feeds are labeled as A, B, are labeled as I, II, III respectively according to ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed described in above-mentioned 3 embodiments that this technological invention is prepared.
Breed variety: 20 grams of Pengzhe fish juvenile fish 1500 tails, Random assignment is 5 groups, often organize 3 repetitions, often organize juvenile fish to raise in independent cement pit, (specification is 5m × 1.5m × 1m to each cement pit, long × wide × dark) cultivation Pengzhe fish juvenile fish 100 tail, totally 15 cement pits, it is identical to test each group of original body mass; Cultivating condition (as environmental factor, chemical factor and biological factor) is substantially identical.
Aquaculture management: other condition is substantially identical, and difference is: the feed that cement pit A-1, A-2, A-3 throw something and feed every day is commercially available A feed; The feed that cement pit B-1, B-2, B-3 throw something and feed every day is commercially available B feed; The feed that cement pit I-1, I-2, I-3 is thrown something and fed every day is feed described in embodiments of the invention 1; The feed that cement pit II-1, II-2, II-3 is thrown something and fed every day is feed described in embodiments of the invention 2; The feed that cement pit III-1, III-2, III-3 is thrown something and fed every day is feed described in embodiments of the invention 3.Every day, feeding volume was 3 ~ 5% of fish body weight.Feed intake every day 3 times, namely 9:00,13:00,17:00 respectively throw once.Culture experiment through 3 months the results are shown in Table 1,2.
Known by above-mentioned contrast experiment, the culture efficiency of the Pengzhe fish feed described in the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 and 3, rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient are significantly better than the feeding effect of the commercially available 2 kinds of crucian carp feeds extracted, significantly improve the vigor of Pengzhe fish serum lysozyme simultaneously, and then improve its immunity; And ecological, environmental protective of the present invention, nutrient efficient the impact of Pengzhe fish feed on the pH value in cultivation water environment, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen minimum, protection cultivation water and ecological environment.Ecological, environmental protective of the present invention, nutrient efficient Pengzhe fish expanded pellet diet are the excellent novel aquatic feeds of a kind of ecological, environmental protective, green health, nutrition.
Claims (7)
1. an ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed, formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing: fish meal 11 ~ 14 weight portion, dregs of beans 23 ~ 26 weight portion, peanut meal 7 ~ 9 weight portion, cotton dregs 7 ~ 9 weight portion, the dish dregs of rice 10 ~ 13 weight portion, flour 13 ~ 16 weight portion, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 6 ~ 8 weight portion, rice bran 9 ~ 12 weight portion, rapeseed oil 5 ~ 6 weight portion, Choline Chloride 0.3 ~ 0.4 weight portion, salt 0.2 ~ 0.3 weight portion, chelated microelement 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion, fish multidimensional 0.1 weight portion, vitamin E 0.03 weight portion, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 weight portion, taurine 0.1 weight portion, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 weight portion, methionine 0.2 weight portion.
2. ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described chelated microelement is formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing: zeolite powder 15 weight portion, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 24 weight portion, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 16 weight portion, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12 weight portion, methionine hydroxy zinc 11 weight portion, methionine hydroxy manganese 4.5 weight portion, hydroxy methionine copper 1.5 weight portion, yeast selenium 6 weight portion, 1% iodine calcium powder 7 weight portion, 1% cobalt calcium powder 3 weight portion.
3. ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described fish is formulated by following raw material Homogeneous phase mixing by multidimensional: inositol 6 weight portion, nicotinic acid 14 weight portion, calcium pantothenate 26 weight portion, biotin 7.5 weight portion, l-cn 12 weight portion, Cobastab
64.5 weight portions, Cobastab
27.5 weight portions, Cobastab
14.5 weight portions, Cobastab
121.5 weight portions, folic acid 3 weight portion, vitamin A 5 weight portion, vitamin D
32.5 weight portions, vitamin K
36 weight portions.
4. ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described cotton dregs are the cotton dregs of crude protein mass content 46%.
5. ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described methionine is crystal amino acid.
6. as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-5, the preparation method of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed, the steps include:
(1) take respectively by weight: fish meal 11 ~ 14 weight portion, dregs of beans 23 ~ 26 weight portion, peanut meal 7 ~ 9 weight portion, cotton dregs 7 ~ 9 weight portion, the dish dregs of rice 10 ~ 13 weight portion, flour 13 ~ 16 weight portion, alcohol albumen (DDGS) 6 ~ 8 weight portion, rice bran 9 ~ 12 weight portion, rapeseed oil 5 ~ 6 weight portion, Choline Chloride 0.3 ~ 0.4 weight portion, salt 0.2 ~ 0.3 weight portion, chelated microelement 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion, fish multidimensional 0.1 weight portion, vitamin E 0.03 weight portion, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.2 weight portion, taurine 0.1 weight portion, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 weight portion, methionine 0.2 weight portion,
(2) other raw materials except rapeseed oil taken are dropped into mixer, then add 60 ~ 65% rapeseed oils taken, mix;
(3) mixed raw material is modulated 5min through pellet quality-adjusting device at 90 DEG C;
(4) again at 95 DEG C through the expanded machine-processed feed grain of screw rod machine extruder, then feed grain is dried at 58 DEG C;
(5) rapeseed oil of remaining 35 ~ 40% is sprayed at 60 ~ 80 DEG C the surface of feed grain through the outer painting machine of drum-type grease, after cooling, namely make ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed of the present invention.
7. the preparation method of ecological, environmental protective nutrient efficient type Pengzhe fish feed as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, before step 2, dregs of beans, peanut meal, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, alcohol albumen, rice bran are dropped into pulverizer respectively and pulverize, and grinding particle size is 60 ~ 150 orders.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105767588A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-20 | 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 | Environmentally protective raw fish puffed feed with low emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus and preparation method thereof |
| CN114208979A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 江西省水产科学研究所(江西省鄱阳湖渔业研究中心、江西省渔业资源生态环境监测中心) | Feed for yolk generation period of carassius auratus in Pengze and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105767588A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-20 | 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 | Environmentally protective raw fish puffed feed with low emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus and preparation method thereof |
| CN114208979A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 江西省水产科学研究所(江西省鄱阳湖渔业研究中心、江西省渔业资源生态环境监测中心) | Feed for yolk generation period of carassius auratus in Pengze and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |