CN104538940B - A kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, belong to HVDC transmission system technical field of relay protection.The present invention is first with the fault current data after data acquisition device collection fault current traveling wave Mintrop wave head arrival during 5ms in window and asks for 1 mold component；Then 1 mold component current signal is subtracted to 1 mould electric current during normal operation before failure, fault current variable quantity is obtained and summation operation is carried out to it, judges that signal is outside rectification lateral areas or outside circuit or inversion lateral areas then according to summed result；Its instantaneous frequency maximum is tried to achieve using Hilbert-Huang transform for the fault-current signal outside circuit or inversion lateral areas, then required instantaneous frequency maximum is made comparisons to judge that failure judgement occurs on the line or outside inversion lateral areas with predetermined threshold level.The present invention can realize extra high voltage direct current transmission line completely protection, and ensure that good quick-action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, belong to HVDC transmission system relay
Protection technique field.
Background technology
Using traveling-wave protection as main protection in current DC line protection, using differential under-voltage protection, differential protection as standby
Protection.Traveling-wave protection and differential the under-voltage protection easy tripping in high resistance earthing fault, current differential protection sensitivity is not high, protects
Shield action is slower.
It is the developing direction of extra high voltage direct current transmission line protection to the transient protection of high frequency content attenuation characteristic using border,
The utilization border that scholars studied in recent years is extra high voltage direct current transmission line protection to the transient protection of high frequency content attenuation characteristic
Method usually not considers the attenuation characteristic of extra-high voltage direct-current overlength transmission line of electricity, thus can not realize all fronts truly
Protection.It is therefore desirable to study with higher reliability and can realize the extra-high voltage direct-current transmission line guard method of completely protection.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, for realizing that extra-high voltage direct-current is defeated
Electric line is completely protected.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, is adopted first with data
Fault current data after acquisition means collection fault current traveling wave Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window simultaneously ask for 1 mold component；Then will
1 mold component current signal subtracts 1 mould electric current during normal operation before failure, obtains fault current variable quantity and it is summed
Computing, judges that signal is outside rectification lateral areas or outside circuit or inversion lateral areas then according to summed result；For
Fault-current signal outside circuit or inversion lateral areas tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum using Hilbert-Huang transform, then
Required instantaneous frequency maximum is made comparisons with predetermined threshold level to judge that still inverter side occurs on the line for failure judgement
Outside area.
Methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step1, after extra-high voltage DC transmission system breaks down, rectification side data acquisition device collection fault current row
Fault current data after ripple Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window, positive pole line current is i+, negative pole line current is i-, and ask for 1 mould
Component il；
Step2,1 mould electric current when 1 mold component current signal to subtract before failure to normal operation, obtain fault current change
Δ i is measured, summation operation is carried out to Δ i, obtained
If summed result P is less than zero, failure judgement is located at outside rectification lateral areas, and route protection is failure to actuate；
If summed result P is more than zero, failure judgement position is located at outside circuit or inversion lateral areas, then performs step
Step3；In formula, t0Failure initial time is represented, Δ t represents the sampling interval, and n=1,2...K represent the points of sampling；
Step3, to fault-current signal using EMD decompose obtain highest component IMF1, to IMF1 carry out Hilbert change
Change, try to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold level FsetMake comparisons：
If fmax≥Fset, then it is judged as line fault, route protection action；
If fmax＜ Fset, then it is judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
Data acquisition device sample frequency is 10kHz in the step Step1.
The present invention operation principle be：
When DC transmission system breaks down, specific mutation rule are presented in the fault current of rectification side protection device collection
Rule, is illustrated using bipolar DC system as shown in Figure 1.Work as d1When earth fault occurs for place, fault current If1Without guarantor
Protection unit but flow back to converting plant from trouble point by earthing pole, cause the electric current that is detected at protection device to reduce；Work as circuit
d2Place or inversion side bus d3When earth fault occurs for place, fault current I can be equally producedf2And If3, but failure electricity now
Stream is still passed through at rectification side protection device, causes the electric current detected at protection device to increase.
For rectification side protection device, the fault-current signal mutation with offside outside this lateral areas is in opposite direction, comes from
Fault current outside this lateral areas is mutated downwards, and the fault current from offside is mutated upwards.Accordingly, the signal at catastrophe point is entered
Row derivative operation, if derivation result within one section of continuous time it is permanent be more than zero it is believed that fault-current signal from circuit or
Outside to lateral areas, if derivation result is permanent within one section of continuous time to be less than zero it is believed that fault-current signal is outside this lateral areas.
But the defect of this determination methods is that the high frequency harmonic components in signal can influence derivation result, causes to judge inaccurate.
1 mould current component is asked for using the electric current on the positive and negative polar curve detected, the formula of asking for of 1 mold component is：
il=i+-i- (1)
If it is failure to define the electric current when electric current under the malfunction directly detected subtracts normal operation before failure
Current change quantity, then fault current changes delta i is represented by
Δ i=il-inormal (2)
Wherein ilRepresent the line mould electric current detected under malfunction, inormal1 mould electric current during for normal operation.It is very aobvious
The effect of right formula (2) is exactly that fault current is translated downwards into i in a coordinate systemnormalIndividual unit so that fault current variable quantity
The deviation transverse axis side within failure starting a period of time.If fault-current signal comes from offside, fault current variable quantity exists
Above failure starting a period of time deviation transverse axis；If fruit fault-current signal is outside this lateral areas, fault current variable quantity is in event
Below barrier starting a period of time deviation transverse axis.The benefit of such processing is done to fault current is：If originated to Δ i in failure
A period of time, which is integrated operation result, will only be more than less than 0 two kinds situations of zero-sum, be come from so as to failure judgement signal
Which direction.Because the signal and computer disposal signal of collection are all discrete, replaced seeking Δ i with following summing mode
Integral operation：
Wherein t0Failure initial time is represented, Δ t represents the sampling interval, and K Δs t represents a period of time after failure.By than
Size compared with P and 0 just can determine whether that signal is that criterion is as follows outside this lateral areas or outside from circuit or to lateral areas：
If P>0, be judged as fault-current signal from circuit or to lateral areas outside；
If P<0, it is judged as fault-current signal outside this lateral areas.
, it is necessary to determine whether that fault-signal comes from circuit or inversion lateral areas after rectification side external area error is excluded
Outside, principle of the failure judgement signal outside circuit or inversion lateral areas is as shown in Figure 2.As d outside inversion lateral areas2Point breaks down
When, the fault high-frequency transient current signal that failure is produced is defeated by extra high voltage direct current transmission line " border " and extra-high voltage direct-current
Rectification side protection installation place is got to after the dual decay of electric line；And as line end d in area1During point failure, failure institute
The fault high-frequency transient current signal of generation is then only protected by the decay of extra high voltage direct current transmission line with regard to that can reach rectification side
Installation place.Therefore make comparisons, just can determine whether by extracting the fault current characteristic quantity from offside, and with the threshold value pre-set
Failure occurs outside on the line or to lateral areas.The extraction and application Hilbert-Huang transform of its characteristic quantity, method is as follows：
1st, EMD decomposition is carried out to fault-current signal, extracts the IMF1 components for containing up to frequency component；
2nd, Hilbert transform is carried out to IMF1 components, tries to achieve IMF1 instantaneous frequency, extract maximum f thereinmax；
3rd, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold value FsetMake comparisons, if fmax≥FsetIt is judged as line fault, route protection action；If
fmax＜ Fset, it is judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Fault transient at make use of that rectification side single-ended detection after failure arrives one section in window
Electric current can realize extra high voltage direct current transmission line completely protection, and ensure that good quick-action.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that fault current is mutated orientation principle figure；
Fig. 2 is to be located at circuit or inversion lateral areas exogenesis reason figure to distinguish failure；
In figure it is each marked as：1- AC systems, 2- converter power transformers, 3- rectifier bridges, 4- inverter bridges, 5- smoothing reactors,
6- DC filters, 7- DC lines, 8- protection devices.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, is adopted first with data
Fault current data after acquisition means collection fault current traveling wave Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window simultaneously ask for 1 mold component；Then will
1 mold component current signal subtracts 1 mould electric current during normal operation before failure, obtains fault current variable quantity and it is summed
Computing, judges that signal is outside rectification lateral areas or outside circuit or inversion lateral areas then according to summed result；For
Fault-current signal outside circuit or inversion lateral areas tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum using Hilbert-Huang transform, then
Required instantaneous frequency maximum is made comparisons with predetermined threshold level to judge that still inverter side occurs on the line for failure judgement
Outside area.
Methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step1, after extra-high voltage DC transmission system breaks down, rectification side data acquisition device collection fault current row
Fault current data after ripple Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window, positive pole line current is i+, negative pole line current is i-, and ask for 1 mould
Component il；
Step2,1 mould electric current when 1 mold component current signal to subtract before failure to normal operation, obtain fault current change
Δ i is measured, summation operation is carried out to Δ i, obtained
If summed result P is less than zero, failure judgement is located at outside rectification lateral areas, and route protection is failure to actuate；
If summed result P is more than zero, failure judgement position is located at outside circuit or inversion lateral areas, then performs step
Step3；In formula, t0Failure initial time is represented, Δ t represents the sampling interval, and n=1,2...K represent the points of sampling；
Step3, to fault-current signal using EMD decompose obtain highest component IMF1, to IMF1 carry out Hilbert change
Change, try to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold level FsetMake comparisons：
If fmax≥Fset, then it is judged as line fault, route protection action；
If fmax＜ Fset, then it is judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
Data acquisition device sample frequency is 10kHz in the step Step1.
Embodiment 2：As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, is adopted first with data
Fault current data after acquisition means collection fault current traveling wave Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window simultaneously ask for 1 mold component；Then will
1 mold component current signal subtracts 1 mould electric current during normal operation before failure, obtains fault current variable quantity and it is summed
Computing, judges that signal is outside rectification lateral areas or outside circuit or inversion lateral areas then according to summed result；For
Fault-current signal outside circuit or inversion lateral areas tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum using Hilbert-Huang transform, then
Required instantaneous frequency maximum is made comparisons with predetermined threshold level to judge that still inverter side occurs on the line for failure judgement
Outside area.
Methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step1, after extra-high voltage DC transmission system breaks down, rectification side data acquisition device collection fault current row
Fault current data after ripple Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window, positive pole line current is i+, negative pole line current is i-, and ask for 1 mould
Component il；
Step2,1 mould electric current when 1 mold component current signal to subtract before failure to normal operation, obtain fault current change
Δ i is measured, summation operation is carried out to Δ i, obtained
If summed result P is less than zero, failure judgement is located at outside rectification lateral areas, and route protection is failure to actuate；
If summed result P is more than zero, failure judgement position is located at outside circuit or inversion lateral areas, then performs step
Step3；In formula, t0Failure initial time is represented, Δ t represents the sampling interval, and n=1,2...K represent the points of sampling；
Step3, to fault-current signal using EMD decompose obtain highest component IMF1, to IMF1 carry out Hilbert change
Change, try to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold level FsetMake comparisons：
If fmax≥Fset, then it is judged as line fault, route protection action；
If fmax＜ Fset, then it is judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
Embodiment 3：As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-ended guard method of a kind of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, methods described it is specific
Step is as follows：Earth fault occurs for rectification side positive electrode bus, and transition resistance is 1 ohm.Gather after the arrival of fault traveling wave Mintrop wave head
Electric current during 5ms in window on two polar curves, and try to achieve the mold component of electric current 1；Fault current variation delta i is asked for (wherein, in this example
inormalValue when normally being run at full capacity for system, value size is 6.25kA), it is -148.8482 to recycle formula to try to achieve P values,
It is judged as rectification side external area error, protection is failure to actuate.
Because sample rate is 10kHz in the present invention, window is 5ms during sampling, and K values used are identical in 50, example below.
Embodiment 4：As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-ended guard method of a kind of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, methods described it is specific
Step is as follows：Earth fault occurs at rectification side 800km circuit electrode line, transition resistance is 100 ohm.Gather failure
Electric current after traveling wave Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window on two polar curves, and try to achieve the mold component of electric current 1；Ask for fault current variable quantity
Δ i (wherein, i in this examplenormalValue when normally being run at full capacity for system, size is 6.25kA), recycle formula to try to achieve
P values are 51.0254, are judged as circuit or inversion lateral areas outgoing life failure, then determine whether fault-signal from circuit also
It is outside inversion lateral areas.
Embodiment 5：As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-ended guard method of a kind of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, methods described it is specific
Step is as follows：Earth fault occurs for negative electrode bus outside inversion lateral areas, and transition resistance is 10 ohm.Collection fault traveling wave Mintrop wave head is arrived
Electric current in up to window during rear 5ms on two polar curves, and try to achieve the mold component of electric current 1；Ask for fault current variation delta i (wherein, this reality
I in examplenormalValue when normally being run at full capacity for system, size is 6.25kA), recycling formula tries to achieve P values and is
106.5706, it is judged as circuit or inversion lateral areas outgoing life failure.Fault-current signal is decomposed using EMD and obtains highest component
IMF1, carries out Hilbert transform to IMF1, tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax=479, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold level Fset
Make comparisons, to the system model carry out largely emulation experience have shown that when line fault fmaxUsually several KHzs, and inverter side
F during external area errormaxUsually hundreds of hertz, so threshold value FsetSize rule of thumb value be 1000Hz.Obviously 479
Less than 1000, so being judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
Embodiment 6：As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-ended guard method of a kind of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, methods described it is specific
Step is as follows：Earth fault occurs at rectification side 700km circuit negative line, transition resistance is 10 ohm.Gather failure
Electric current after traveling wave Mintrop wave head is reached during 5ms in window on two polar curves, and try to achieve the mold component of electric current 1；Ask for fault current variable quantity
Δ i (wherein, i in this examplenormalValue when normally being run at full capacity for system, size is 6.25kA), recycle formula to try to achieve
P values are 72.6001, are judged as circuit or inversion lateral areas outgoing life failure.Fault-current signal is decomposed using EMD and obtains highest
Component IMF1, carries out Hilbert transform to IMF1, tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax=3307, by fmaxWith preset threshold
Value FsetMake comparisons, threshold value FsetSize rule of thumb value be 1000Hz.Obviously 3307 are more than 1000, so being judged as
Line failure, route protection action.
Embodiment 7：As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-ended guard method of a kind of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, methods described it is specific
Step is as follows：
The internal fault external fault under different condition is tested with the present invention, the distance measurement result such as table under different condition is obtained
Shown in 1, threshold value FsetSize rule of thumb value be 1000Hz：
The distance measurement result of table 1
Simulation result shown in analytical table 1 understands, different transition resistances, and under different faults limited condition, the inventive method is equal
Internal fault external fault can correctly be recognized.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the present invention embodiment be explained in detail, but the present invention be not limited to it is above-mentioned
Embodiment, can also be before present inventive concept not be departed from the knowledge that those of ordinary skill in the art possess
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line, it is characterised in that：Gathered first with data acquisition device
Fault current traveling wave Mintrop wave head reach after 5ms when window in fault current data and ask for 1 mold component；Then by 1 mold component electricity
Stream signal subtracts 1 mould electric current during normal operation before failure, obtains fault current variable quantity and carries out summation operation to it, then
Judge that signal is outside rectification lateral areas or outside circuit or inversion lateral areas according to summed result；For from circuit or
Fault-current signal outside person's inversion lateral areas tries to achieve its instantaneous frequency maximum using Hilbert-Huang transform, then by required wink
When frequency maximum made comparisons with predetermined threshold level come failure judgement occur on the line or inversion lateral areas outside；
Methods described is comprised the following steps that：
Step1, after extra-high voltage DC transmission system breaks down, rectification side data acquisition device collection fault current traveling wave is first
Fault current data after wave head is reached during 5ms in window, positive pole line current is i+, negative pole line current is i-, and ask for 1 mold component
il；
Step2,1 mould electric current when 1 mold component current signal to subtract before failure to normal operation, obtain fault current variation delta
I, carries out summation operation to Δ i, obtains
If summed result P is less than zero, failure judgement is located at outside rectification lateral areas, and route protection is failure to actuate；
If summed result P is more than zero, failure judgement position is located at outside circuit or inversion lateral areas, then performs step
Step3；In formula, t0Failure initial time is represented, Δ t represents the sampling interval, and n=1,2...K represent the points of sampling；
Step3, to fault-current signal using EMD decompose obtain highest component IMF1, to IMF1 carry out Hilbert transform, ask
Obtain its instantaneous frequency maximum fmax, by fmaxWith predetermined threshold level FsetMake comparisons：
If fmax≥Fset, then it is judged as line fault, route protection action；
If fmax＜ Fset, then it is judged as inverter side external area error, route protection is failure to actuate.
2. the single-ended guard method of extra high voltage direct current transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Data acquisition device sample frequency is 10kHz in Step1.
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