CN104536418B - Precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control - Google Patents
Precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control Download PDFInfo
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- CN104536418B CN104536418B CN201410826503.4A CN201410826503A CN104536418B CN 104536418 B CN104536418 B CN 104536418B CN 201410826503 A CN201410826503 A CN 201410826503A CN 104536418 B CN104536418 B CN 104536418B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precise agriculture control system and method for automatic fertilization and water supply through distributed control. The system comprises a plurality of field subsystems, an irrigation execution subsystem and an upper monitoring subsystem. Each field subsystem is connected with the irrigation execution subsystem through a communication bus, and an irrigation requirement is sent to the irrigation execution subsystem; the field subsystems are connected with the upper monitoring subsystem through communication buses to transmit the working states of the field subsystems; the field subsystems are mainly composed of field control computers, temperature sensors, superficial-layer soil humidity sensors, deep-layer soil humidity sensors, ion concentration sensors and meteorological stations, wherein the temperature sensors, the superficial-layer soil humidity sensors, the deep-layer soil humidity sensors, the ion concentration sensors and the meteorological stations are connected with the field control computers. The irrigation execution subsystem is mainly composed of an irrigation control computer, a water pump, a filtering device, a fertilizer distributor and a flow monitoring device, wherein the water pump, the filtering device, the fertilizer distributor and the flow monitoring device are connected with the irrigation control computer. After an irrigation requirement sent by a certain field irrigation subsystem is received, quantitative watering or fertilizing is conducted according to requirements. According to the precise agriculture control system and method, flexibility is higher, the operation reliability is higher, and the working efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural water fertilizer technical field of automatic control, specifically a kind of to be applied automatically using distributed AC servo system
The accurate agronomy control system and method for fertilizer feedwater.
Background technology
With the development of automatic control technology and detection technique, agricultural automation level is improved constantly, emerged a collection of semi-automatic
The water and fertilizer management system changed, automate, makes level of agricultural production have increased significantly.
But, following problem is also occurred in that in actual use：
1st, the detection probe of water and fertilizer management system is embedded in field, is fed back the parameter values for detection in field by cable
To central control computer, pop one's head in output due to Fields detection is nearly all faint analog signalses, the transmission of long range
And the change of temperature can all make signal produce drift, for the decision-making and judgement of central computer can produce directly impact,
Therefore need Jing often to carry out to field sensors calibrated, not only waste time and energy, and affect the accuracy and reliability of whole system
Property；
2nd, the control parameter and computing formula of whole system increased depositing for central computer completely in central computer
Once there is operation troubles in reserves and amount of calculation, central computer, and whole system is paralysed completely, in the meeting of crop growth key period
Produce irremediable impact；
3rd, the autgmentability of whole system is limited by central computer hardware input point and output point.
The content of the invention
To solve problem above, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to the accurate agriculture fed water using distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization
Skill control system.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is to provide a kind of using distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization
The accurate agronomy control system of feedwater, the system includes multiple field subsystems, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem
System；
Each field subsystem is connected by communication bus with executive subsystem is irrigated, and can be sent out to executive subsystem is irrigated
Send irrigation demand；
Each field subsystem is connected by communication bus with upper monitoring subsystem, can transmit the work of field subsystem
State is to upper monitoring subsystem；
Temperature sensor, shallow-layer that field subsystem is mainly connected by field control computer and field control computer
Soil humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station composition；
Irrigate executive subsystem mainly to be set by irrigation control computer and the water pump of irrigation control computer connection, filtration
Standby, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment composition；After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, as desired
Carry out quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer；
Upper monitoring subsystem is mainly made up of computer and monitoring and control configuration system；Realize to field subsystem operating parameter
Setting and working condition monitoring.
Further, the field control computer of each field subsystem arrange four analog input interfaces, one
Individual digital communication interface and a communication bus interface；
Four analog quantity interfaces connect respectively thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, the soil moisture
Sensor, ion concentration sensor；
One digital communication interface connects weather station, and by digital communication weather information is gathered；
Each field subsystem gathers many kinds of parameters change in soil by four analog quantity interface real-time monitorings, also leads to
Cross a digital communication interface collection feedforward weather information；Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount；Judgement is
No fertilising, and control dose；Realize that each field subsystem carries out independent calculating, reduce data amount of calculation and storage
Amount, makes the response of system rapider.
Further, executive subsystem is irrigated mainly by water pump, filter plant, the fertilising being connected with irrigation control computer
Machine, traffic monitoring equipment composition；
Water pump is located in the well in field and is connected by data wire between irrigation control computer, is calculated by irrigation control
Machine controls its start and stop；Irrigation control computer, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments are positioned over field together
Edge；Connected by pipeline between water pump and filter plant, the water inside well is sucked out from water pump, filtered by filter plant
Fertilizer applicator is entered afterwards；Traffic monitoring equipment is arranged between filter plant and fertilizer applicator；
After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, by irrigation control computer controls water pump and applying
The start and stop of fertile machine, and then carry out as desired quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer.
Further, thin solum humidity sensor is arranged on same vertical line with deep soil humidity sensor, temperature
Degree sensor, ion concentration sensor are arranged near root system of plant, and four sensors of the above are controlled by data wire with field
Compunication, detection data is sent in real time in the control computer of field；Weather station is arranged on sensor top；Sensor is pacified
It is mounted in the middle position of field.
Further, system also includes standby irrigation executive subsystem, identical with executive subsystem configuration is irrigated, and is irrigating
Take over job during executive subsystem failure.
A kind of accurate agronomy control method of utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization feedwater, each field subsystem are also provided
Carry out calculating judgement and take in corresponding control process, first in the case where thin solum sensor detects water shortage,
Judge deep soil sensor whether water shortage, if water shortage, whether need to water by weather information comprehensive descision；
In the case that thin solum sensor detects water shortage, whether soil ion concentration is judged less than setting value, if
Less than setting value, needs water and apply fertilizer；
When soil ion concentration is less than setting value, no matter soil whether water shortage, is required for watering and applies fertilizer；
It is that foundation is calculated with the database data in the control computer of field in said process, and then controls to irrigate execution
The fertilising concentration of subsystem and irrigation amount；Upper monitoring subsystem realizes the setting and work to field subsystem operating parameter
The monitoring of state.
A kind of accurate agronomy control system of utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization feedwater, the system includes multiple fields
System, irrigation executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem；Each field subsystem is by communication bus and irrigation executive subsystem
Connection, can send irrigation demand to subsystem is irrigated；Each field subsystem is by communication bus and upper monitoring subsystem
Connection, can transmit the working condition of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem；Field subsystem mainly controls meter by with field
Temperature sensor, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and gas that calculation machine connects
As station composition；Executive subsystem is irrigated mainly by water pump, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, the flow being connected with irrigation control computer
Monitoring device is constituted；After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, quantitative watering is carried out as desired
And/or fertilising；Upper monitoring subsystem is mainly made up of computer and monitoring and control configuration system；Field subsystem work is joined in real time
Several setting and the monitoring of working condition.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1st, effective control area increase of the present invention, can arrange many set field subsystems, in breaching legacy system application
With the increase of cultivated area, number of sensors accordingly increases, but by traditional control system input point and output point quantity
Limit.
2nd, operating efficiency of the present invention is higher, and field subsystems are according to the sensor parameters for gathering as required to irrigation
Executive subsystem proposes to pour request, can cover system in parallel operation more, has higher operational efficiency than traditional polling mode.
3rd, flexibility of the present invention is higher, and each subsystem works independently, for Different Crop can have different subsystems
Product is tackled, whole irrigation system can flexible independent assortment, system is expanded and is also more prone to.
4th, operational reliability of the present invention is higher, and each field subsystem works independently, after the subsystem fault of field and Times
It is alert, other field subsystem works are not affected, fault incidence is minimized, while irrigating execution system adopts redundancy side
Formula is designed, back-up system work and and alarm after set of system failure.
5th, the present invention adopts looped network bus structures, even if so any communication cabinet fault, system will not paralyse, still
So can normally run, further improve adaptability of the system for farmland mechanical work.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the field subsystem diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the decision flow chart of field subsystem of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of the upper monitoring subsystem of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the irrigation executive subsystem block diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description and reference, the present invention is described in more detail.
As Figure 1-5, a kind of accurate agronomy control system of utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization feedwater, the system bag
Include multiple field subsystems, irrigate executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem；Each field subsystem is by communication bus and filling
Executive subsystem connection is irrigate, irrigation demand can be sent to subsystem is irrigated；Each field subsystem by communication bus with it is upper
Position Monitor And Control Subsystem connection, can transmit the working condition of field subsystem to upper monitoring subsystem；Field subsystem mainly by
Field control computer and connected temperature sensor, thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, from
Sub- concentration sensor and weather station are constituted；Irrigate executive subsystem mainly by irrigation control computer and connected water pump,
Filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring equipment composition；After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, fill
Irrigating executive subsystem carries out as desired quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer；Upper monitoring subsystem is mainly by computer and monitoring
Configuration system is constituted；Setting and the monitoring of working condition to field subsystem operating parameter in real time.
The control computer of each field subsystem arranges four analog input interfaces, a digital communication interfaces
With a communication bus interface；Four analog quantity interfaces connect respectively thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor
Device, soil temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor, the sensor is commercial products；One digital communication interface connects gas
As station, prior art, such as Portable weather station gather weather information by digital communication；Each field subsystem passes through four
Many kinds of parameters change in individual analog quantity interface real-time monitoring collection soil, also by a digital communication interface collection feedforward gas
Image information；Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount；Judge whether fertilising, and control dose；Realize each
Individual field subsystem carries out independent calculating, reduces data amount of calculation and amount of storage, makes the response of system rapider.
The control process of the upper monitoring subsystem is as shown in figure 4, the water pump for irrigating executive subsystem is located at field
In well, it is connected by data wire between irrigation control computer, by irrigation control computer controls start and stop；Irrigation control meter
Calculation machine, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments together, are positioned over field edge；Between water pump and filter plant
Connected by pipeline, the water inside well is sucked out from water pump, fertilizer applicator is entered after filtering by filter plant；Traffic monitoring
Equipment is located between filter plant and fertilizer applicator, and the data of monitoring pass to irrigation control computer by data wire, is controlled by irrigating
The start and stop of computerized equipment processed.
After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, irrigating executive subsystem carries out determining as desired
That what is measured watering and/or applying fertilizer；
The thin solum humidity sensor of field subsystem should be same vertical with the installation of deep soil humidity sensor
On line, temperature sensor, ion concentration sensor are arranged near root system of plant, and four sensors of the above are by data wire and field
Between control computer communication, detection data is sent in real time in the control computer of field.Weather station is arranged on sensor top.With
Upper sensor should be arranged on field middle position (soil parameters of each position of field and meteorologic parameter it is necessary identical or
It is approximately the same).
System also includes standby irrigation executive subsystem, identical with executive subsystem configuration is irrigated, and irrigating subsystem is performed
Take over job during system failure.
Water requirement and fertilizer requirement are issued irrigation executive subsystem and upper by field subsystem of the present invention by communication bus
Monitor And Control Subsystem, covers system synergistic working more.
The accurate agronomy set-up of control system field subsystem of the present invention, greatly shortens the connection cable of sensor
Length, makes signal quality keep optimum level.Field subsystem is directly made according to each sensor and weather station sample magnitude
Go out decision-making, judge whether to water, calculate irrigation amount；Judge whether fertilising, calculate dose.Irrigate executive subsystem and be connected to field
After the demand of subsystem, directly water as desired and apply fertilizer, whole system reaction is rapider.
Each field subsystem carries out calculating judgement and taking controlling accordingly in the accurate agronomy control method of the present invention
Whether process processed is as shown in figure 3, first in the case where thin solum sensor detects water shortage, judge deep soil sensor
Whether water shortage, if water shortage, need to water by weather information comprehensive descision；Thin solum sensor detects the situation of water shortage
Under, whether soil ion concentration is judged less than setting value, if being less than setting value, needs water and apply fertilizer；Soil ion concentration
During less than setting value, no matter soil whether water shortage, is required for watering and applies fertilizer；In said process, fertilising concentration and irrigation amount,
It is according to calculating with the database data in the subsystem computer of field.
Claims (4)
1. the accurate agronomy control system that a kind of utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization feeds water, it is characterised in that：
The system includes multiple field subsystems, irrigates executive subsystem, upper monitoring subsystem；
Each field subsystem is connected by communication bus with executive subsystem is irrigated, and can send filling to executive subsystem is irrigated
Irrigate demand；
Each field subsystem is connected by communication bus with upper monitoring subsystem, can transmit the working condition of field subsystem
To upper monitoring subsystem；
Temperature sensor, thin solum that field subsystem is mainly connected by field control computer and field control computer
Humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and weather station composition；
Irrigate water pump, filter plant that executive subsystem mainly connects by irrigation control computer and irrigation control computer, apply
Fertile machine, traffic monitoring equipment composition；After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, it is fixed to carry out as desired
That what is measured watering and/or applying fertilizer；
Upper monitoring subsystem is mainly made up of computer and monitoring and control configuration system；Realization sets to field subsystem operating parameter
The monitoring of fixed and working condition；
The field control computer of each field subsystem arranges four analog input interfaces, a digital communication interfaces
With a communication bus interface；
Four analog quantity interfaces connect respectively thin solum humidity sensor, deep soil humidity sensor, soil moisture sensing
Device, ion concentration sensor；
One digital communication interface connects weather station, and by digital communication weather information is gathered；
Each field subsystem gathers many kinds of parameters change in soil by four analog quantity interface real-time monitorings, also by one
Individual digital communication interface collection feedforward weather information；Judge whether to water through calculating, and control irrigation amount；Judge whether to apply
Fertilizer, and control dose；Realize that each field subsystem carries out independent calculating, reduce data amount of calculation and amount of storage, make
The response of system is rapider；
Irrigate executive subsystem mainly to be set by the water pump, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring that are connected with irrigation control computer
Standby composition；
Water pump is located in the well in field and is connected by data wire between irrigation control computer, by irrigation control computer control
Make its start and stop；Irrigation control computer, filter plant, fertilizer applicator, traffic monitoring integration of equipments are positioned over field edge together；
Connected by pipeline between water pump and filter plant, the water inside well is sucked out from water pump, filters laggard by filter plant
Enter fertilizer applicator；Traffic monitoring equipment is arranged between filter plant and fertilizer applicator；
After the irrigation demand that certain field irrigation subsystem sends is connected to, by irrigation control computer controls water pump and fertilizer applicator
Start and stop, and then carry out as desired quantitative watering and/or applying fertilizer.
2. the accurate agronomy control system that utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization according to claim 1 feeds water, its feature
It is：
Thin solum humidity sensor is arranged on same vertical line with deep soil humidity sensor, temperature sensor, ion
Concentration sensor is arranged near root system of plant, and four sensors of the above are communicated by data wire with field control computer, inspection
Survey data to be sent in real time in the control computer of field；Weather station is arranged on sensor top；Sensor is arranged in field
Centre position.
3. the accurate agronomy control system that utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization according to claim 1 feeds water, its feature
It is：
System also includes standby irrigation executive subsystem, identical with executive subsystem configuration is irrigated, and is irrigating executive subsystem event
Take over job during barrier.
4. the accurate agronomy control method that a kind of utilization distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization feeds water, it is characterised in that：
Each field subsystem is carried out calculating judgement and taken in corresponding control process, is examined in thin solum sensor first
In the case of measuring water shortage, deep soil sensor whether water shortage is judged, if water shortage, by weather information comprehensive descision whether
Needs water；
In the case that thin solum sensor detects water shortage, whether soil ion concentration is judged less than setting value, if be less than
Setting value, needs water and apply fertilizer；
When soil ion concentration is less than setting value, no matter soil whether water shortage, is required for watering and applies fertilizer；
It is that foundation is calculated with the database data in the control computer of field in said process, and then controls to irrigate execution subsystem
The fertilising concentration of system and irrigation amount；Upper monitoring subsystem realizes the setting to field subsystem operating parameter and working condition
Monitoring.
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| CN106707767B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2023-07-21 | 山东农业大学 | Multi-source information fusion-based intelligent management and control system and method for field water and fertilizer integration |
| CN107466738B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-11-29 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of point control type accurate intelligent fertigation application system |
| CN110073951A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-02 | 章鑫 | A kind of control of desert system |
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| US20010049563A1 (en) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-06 | Aqua Conservation Systems, Inc. | Irrigation management system |
| CN1559175A (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2005-01-05 | 深圳市宝安区农业科学技术推广中心 | Remote radio information feedback and controlable environment intelligent system for agricultural crops |
| CN101211178A (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2008-07-02 | 上海都市绿色工程有限公司 | Multi-temperature area group control greenhouse environment and irrigation control system |
| CN102037888B (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-11-30 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Distributed-network automatic irrigation control system and irrigation control method thereof |
| CN102165876B (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-10-10 | 海南义利达高新技术实业有限公司 | Intelligent water-saving fertigation system and method |
| CN102505878B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-09-25 | 罗轶 | Ferris wheel type farm |
| CN103210817B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-05-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Automatic farmland irrigation system |
| CN103283568B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2015-05-20 | 李须真 | Automatic irrigation control system applied to agriculture or gardening |
| CN204406158U (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-06-17 | 沈阳远大科技园有限公司 | The accurate agronomy control system utilizing distributed AC servo system automatic fertilization to feed water |
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Effective date of registration: 20240521 Address after: Room 814, Free Trade Building, Dalian Free Trade Zone, Liaoning Province, 116602 Patentee after: Liaoning Lizi Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 110027 No.27, Kaifa Road, Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Liaoning Province Patentee before: SHENYANG YUANDA INTELLIGENT AGRICULTURE Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |