CN104527413A - Range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device with flywheel energy storage function - Google Patents
Range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device with flywheel energy storage function Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electric vehicle engineering and relates to a range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device with the flywheel energy storage function. The range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device comprises a main power transmission system, a flywheel energy storage system and a vehicle-mounted charging system. The main power transmission system comprises a motor, a planet mechanism, a transmission and a main speed reducer. The flywheel energy storage system comprises a flywheel, a clutch, driven gears and a driving gear. The vehicle-mounted charging system comprises an internal combustion engine, an electric generator, a motor controller, an electric generator controller and an external charging interface. The planet mechanism comprises a sun gear, planet gears, a planet carrier, a gear ring and gear ring brakes. A flywheel is installed on a flywheel shaft. The planet carrier is connected with an output shaft of the planet mechanism. The gear ring is connected with the motor. An input shaft of the transmission is connected with the output shaft of the planet mechanism and an output shaft of the transmission is connected with an input shaft of the main speed reducer. The electric generator is connected with the internal combustion engine and the flywheel shaft. By the adoption of the range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device with the flywheel energy storage function, the problems that an existing range-increasing type electric vehicle is low in braking energy recycling rate and the service life of a storage battery is short are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric vehicle engineering field, relate to a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage.
Background technology
The type of electronlmobil mainly contains pure electric automobile (Pure Electric Vehicle, PEV), hybrid vehicle (HybridElectric Vehicle, and fuel cell powered vehicle (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle, FCEV) HEV).Wherein, stroke-increasing electric automobile is a kind of vehicle-mounted and pure electrically operated electronlmobil that is ground charge function of having.The power system of stroke-increasing electric automobile is primarily of compositions such as battery pack and battery management system, main drive motor and controller, driving engine and generator systems, battery pack can be charged by ground charging pile or onboard charger, driving engine can adopt fuel combustion type or gas type, can electric-only mode, increasing journey pattern or hybrid mode run according to condition of service.But, because the performance figure such as specific energy, specific power of current storage battery are also lower, because which limit electronlmobil continual mileage and acceleration capability.So improving energy utilization efficiency is one of important channel of improving electronlmobil in-use performance.On existing electronlmobil, be generally in automobile brake or descending operational process, the kinetic energy of vehicle or transform gravitational energy are electric energy feedback and are stored in storage battery.Correlative study shows, electronlmobil reclaims the method storing braking energy with electric energy, it can be made to increase the continual mileage of 10%-15%.
Aforesaid way still also exists some deficiency: the first, and vehicle only adopts recycles to battery charge mode the kinetic energy had in braking procedure, and there is twice form of energy conversion, i.e. mechanical energy-electric energy-mechanic energy, causes degradation of energy, affect energy-saving efficiency; The second, vehicle automobile is frequently braked, when starting, storage battery be also in thereupon charge repeatedly, discharge regime, will adverse influence be produced to the service life of storage battery; 3rd, during automobile emergency brake, by the restriction of battery charge characteristic, the recovery of electric energy stores limited, and therefore energy regenerating utilization ratio is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be that proposing one may be used for stroke-increasing electric automobile, with flywheel by the energy regenerating in electric vehicle brake process, by the electrical motor/flywheel hybrid drive of the stored energy of flywheel and motor energy coupling output in accelerator.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: described a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage comprises primary driveline system, flywheel energy storage system and on-board charging system; Primary driveline turnkey draws together electrical motor, planetary mechanism, change-speed box, main reduction gear; Flywheel energy storage system comprises flywheel, power-transfer clutch, ring gear and driving gear; On-board charging system comprises combustion engine, electrical generator, electrical motor modulator, electrical generator modulator and external charging interface; Planetary mechanism comprises sun wheel, satellite gear, pinion carrier, gear ring and gear ring drg; Be provided with flywheel with on sun wheel all-in-one-piece flywheel shaft, pinion carrier connects with the output shaft of planetary mechanism, and gear ring is connected with electrical motor by big gear wheel, miniature gears, coupler and power-transfer clutch; Change-speed box has forward gear, neutral and reverses gear, and the input shaft of change-speed box connects with the output shaft of planetary mechanism, and the output shaft of change-speed box connects with the input shaft of main reduction gear and by transmission of power to wheel; The output shaft of combustion engine is connected by power-transfer clutch with the input shaft of electrical generator, and the output shaft of electrical generator is connected by coupler, driving gear, ring gear and power-transfer clutch with flywheel shaft.Primary driveline system, flywheel energy storage system and on-board charging system have multiple different operational mode under full-vehicle control, comprise vehicle start pattern, vehicle at the uniform velocity or Accelerating running pattern, vehicle sliding deceleration mode, car brakeing deceleration mode, parking rear flywheel dump energy Land use models and vehicle-mounted charge pattern.
The present invention adopts the principle of work of technical scheme to be:
The first, vehicle start pattern, electrical motor outputting power drives vehicle; Now direct motor drive ring gear against rotation, by transmission of power to planetary mechanism output shaft.Because flywheel during vehicle starting may be in two states, i.e. quiescence or rotary state, therefore, or rotation two states static to flywheel is described respectively:
(1) when flywheel remains static, sun wheel coaxial mounted with it also remains static, and control clutch engages, and flywheel connects with the combustion engine remained static, generator mechanical; Planetary mechanism output shaft joining with pinion carrier, relative to taking gear ring as input end, the train drive state of sun wheel braking is mode outputting power with speedup and is delivered to input shaft, according to the shifting state of change-speed box, vehicle is advanced or retreats.
(2) when flywheel is in rotary state, namely flywheel has stored the energy that braking procedure reclaims before vehicle start, and does not release; Because flywheel stores certain energy, sun wheel coaxial mounted to flywheel is made also together to rotate and export corresponding power; Now, in planetary mechanism, gear ring and sun wheel provide input power simultaneously, and with the propulsive effort of the joining pinion carrier coupling output of satellite gear two input links, namely vehicle is in the running state driven with electrical motor/flywheel hybrid power; Hybrid power is delivered to input shaft, according to the shifting state of change-speed box, vehicle is advanced or retreats.
(3) when the stored energy of flywheel is enough to drive vehicle start, gear ring is braked stall by gear ring drg, and the energy utilizing flywheel to store directly drives vehicle start to run independently.
Second, vehicle at the uniform velocity or accelerate mlc mode, be be static according to flywheel or rotate two states equally, be divided into electrical motor individual drive or the running state that drives with electrical motor/flywheel hybrid power, working process when power transmission process is started to walk with aforementioned vehicle is identical.
3rd, vehicle sliding deceleration mode, vehicle sliding is that the kinetic energy utilizing state of motion of vehicle to have drives vehicle to travel, and its taxiing procedures is a kind of process of energy effective utilization to vehicle traveling.When installing the vehicle sliding of device of the present invention, be first stop to motor i.e. not stepping on accelerator pedal, also do not step on brake pedal simultaneously, and change-speed box is placed in neutral gear position, now the kinetic energy of vehicle can all for driving vehicle sliding; Or change-speed box is placed in forward gear position, and by gear ring drg, gear ring is braked stall, the part kinetic energy of vehicle can drive flywheel to rotate recuperated energy by planetary mechanism, but coasting distance will reduce.
4th, car brakeing deceleration mode, the general process of car brakeing the kinetic energy had under state of motion of vehicle is converted into heat energy by the friction force that car side brake produces and dissipates, and the kinetic energy causing vehicle to have is not fully utilized; Install in the car brakeing moderating process of device of the present invention, when stepping on brake pedal, first by gear ring drg, gear ring braking is fixed, vehicle energy drives sun wheel flywheel driven to rotate by wheel, main reduction gear, change-speed box, pinion carrier and satellite gear successively, vehicle energy is converted into flywheel energy recovery to store, makes car retardation simultaneously.
5th, parking rear flywheel dump energy Land use models, if parking rear flywheel still rotates, namely flywheel remains stored energy in addition, connecting generator is engaged with the power-transfer clutch of flywheel, by the disengaging of clutch of connecting generator and combustion engine, will the disengaging of clutch of electrical motor and miniature gears be connected, gear ring unclamps by gear ring drg, and flywheel drives generator operation by gear driving pair, then electrical generator is in generating state and charges a battery.Therefore the remaining stored energy of parking rear flywheel is charged a battery by electrical generator and is fully used.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is: the first, and energy during automobile brake directly can be recycled by the mode of flywheel energy storage; The second, the running state that the flywheel of stored energy and electrical motor can adopt electrical motor/flywheel hybrid power to drive drives vehicle to travel, and improves power performance; 3rd, after vehicle parking, the dump energy utilizing flywheel to store drives electrical generator to charge a battery; 4th, under the power stage prerequisite of satisfied charging burden requirement, combustion engine can also drive flywheel energy storage, it can be made to operate in maximum energy-saving condition range by the rate of load condensate improving combustion engine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is a kind of structural representation with the stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device of flywheel energy storage of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, 1 is wheel; 2 is main reduction gear; 3 is change-speed box; 4 is pinion carrier; 5 is satellite gear; 6 is gear ring; 7 is sun wheel; 8 is miniature gears; 9 is bearing; 10 is big gear wheel; 11 is power-transfer clutch; 12 is coupler; 13 is electrical motor; 14 is electrical motor modulator; 15 is storage battery; 16 is external charger interface; 17 is electrical generator modulator; 18 is power-transfer clutch; 19 is flywheel shaft; 20 is bearing; 21 is combustion engine; 22 is power-transfer clutch; 23 is electrical generator; 24 is coupler; 25 is bearing; 26 is driving gear; 27 is ring gear; 28 is bearing; 29 is flywheel; 30 is gear ring drg; 31 is bearing; 32 is bearing; 33 is casing; 34 is bearing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, carry out clear intactly describing to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in drawings, of the present invention a kind ofly have in the stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device of energy accumulation device for fly wheel, pinion carrier 4 connects with planetary mechanism output shaft, and the input shaft of change-speed box 3 and the output shaft of planetary mechanism are connected, and the output shaft of change-speed box 3 connects with the input shaft of main reduction gear 2; Output shaft in planetary mechanism is supported by the bearing 34 be arranged on casing 33; Pinion carrier 4 is provided with satellite gear 5, transmits motion with gear ring 6 and sun wheel 7 in the mode of gears meshing respectively; Supported by the bearing 28 be arranged on casing 33 and bearing 31 with sun wheel 7 all-in-one-piece flywheel shaft 19 processed; Flywheel 29 is fixedly mounted on the flywheel shaft 19 between bearing 28 and bearing 31; Gear ring 6 is supported by the bearing 32 be arranged on flywheel shaft 19; Big gear wheel 10 coaxially connects with gear ring 6, transmits motion with miniature gears 8 in the mode of gears meshing; Supported by the bearing 9 be arranged on casing 33 with miniature gears 8 all-in-one-piece gear wheel shaft processed, and connected with electrical motor 13 by power-transfer clutch 11 by coupler 12; The input shaft of electrical generator 23 is connected with combustion engine 21 by power-transfer clutch 22, and output shaft is connected with the axle of driving gear 26 by coupler 24; The axle of driving gear 26 is supported by the bearing 25 be arranged on casing 33; Ring gear 27 is bearing on flywheel shaft 19 by bearing 20, transmits motion with driving gear 26 by the mode of gears meshing; One end of power-transfer clutch 18 is fixedly mounted on on flywheel shaft 19, and the other end is fixed on ring gear 27.
(1) vehicle start pattern.When installing the stroke-increasing electric automobile starting of device of the present invention, electrical motor 13 outputting power drives vehicle; Now, power-transfer clutch 11 joining with electrical motor 13 output shaft, by miniature gears 10, big gear wheel 8 by transmission of power on gear ring 6.Because flywheel during vehicle starting 29 may be in two states, i.e. quiescence or rotary state.Therefore, by respectively to flywheel 29 be in static or rotate two states be described:
A () is when flywheel 29 remains static, also remain static with the coaxial mounted sun wheel 7 of flywheel 29, with the joining planetary mechanism output shaft of pinion carrier 4 by the input shaft of transmission of power to change-speed box 3, and according to the shifting state of change-speed box 3, vehicle advanced or retreat.
B () is when flywheel 29 is in rotary state, namely flywheel 29 has stored the recuperated energy of braking procedure before vehicle start, and do not release, with the coaxial mounted sun wheel 7 of flywheel 29 also together with rotate, and export flywheel 29 store corresponding power; Now, gear ring 6 and sun wheel 7 provide power simultaneously, and the be coupled power of gear ring 6 and sun wheel 7 of pinion carrier 4 exports, and namely vehicle is in the running state driven with electrical motor/flywheel hybrid power; Hybrid power is delivered to the input shaft of change-speed box 3, and according to the shifting state of change-speed box 3, vehicle is advanced or retreat.
C gear ring 6, when the stored energy of flywheel 29 is enough to drive vehicle start, is braked fixing by drg 22, is driven satellite gear 5 to have enough to meet the need along gear ring 6, and drive pinion carrier 4 to rotate outputting power with the coaxial mounted sun wheel 7 of flywheel 29 by ().Therefore, the stored energy of flywheel 29 is utilized directly to drive vehicle start independently.
(2) vehicle at the uniform velocity or Accelerating running pattern.The stroke-increasing electric automobile of device of the present invention is installed, same is static or rotation two states according to flywheel 29, be divided into the running state independently providing power with electrical motor 13 or drive with electrical motor/flywheel hybrid power, working process when its power transmission process and aforesaid vehicle start is identical.
(3) vehicle sliding reduced speed mode.When the stroke-increasing electric automobile installing device of the present invention slides, two kinds of different modes can be divided into slide:
A () stops powering to electrical motor 13 by electrical motor modulator 14, and change-speed box 3 is placed in neutral gear position; Now, the kinetic energy of vehicle can be whole for driving vehicle sliding.
B () stops powering to electrical motor 13 by electrical motor modulator 14, and change-speed box 3 is placed in forward gear position, and use gear ring drg 30 to brake fixing by gear ring 6, the part kinetic energy of vehicle can drive sun wheel 7 flywheel driven 29 to rotate by pinion carrier 4, planetary wheel 5, is enablely recycled.
(4) car brakeing reduced speed mode.When the stroke-increasing electric automobile braking deceleration of device of the present invention is installed, when stepping on brake pedal, first by gear ring drg 30, gear ring 6 is braked fixing, vehicle energy drives sun wheel 7 flywheel driven 29 to rotate by wheel 1, main reduction gear 2, change-speed box 3, pinion carrier 4 with satellite gear 5 successively, by the kinetic transformation of vehicle be flywheel 29 rotation function reclaim store, make car retardation simultaneously.
(5) parking rear flywheel dump energy Land use models.After installing the stroke-increasing electric automobile parking of device of the present invention, if flywheel 29 also has dump energy, namely flywheel 29 is also when rotating, and makes electrical generator 23 be in generator operation state by electrical generator modulator 17.Because vehicle remains static, pinion carrier 4 also remains static, now gear ring 6 unclamps by gear ring drg 30, power-transfer clutch 11 unclamps, power-transfer clutch 18 engages, the power that the stored energy of flywheel 29 produces drives electrical generator 23 to rotate by ring gear 27, driving gear 26, and namely electrical generator 23 is in generator operation state, is charged to storage battery 15 by electrical generator modulator 17 regulable control.
(6) vehicle-mounted charge pattern.When the electricity that storage battery 15 stores is less than set quota, combustion engine 21 starts automatically, and power-transfer clutch 22 engages rear drive electrical generator 23 and generates electricity, and is charged to storage battery 15 by electrical generator modulator 17 regulable control.
Although be below described the preferred embodiments of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention; above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematic instead of determinate; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the prerequisite without prejudice to present inventive concept and claim; can make like multiple types and representing, such conversion all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. one kind has the stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device of flywheel energy storage, comprise primary driveline system, flywheel energy storage system and on-board charging system, it is characterized in that: described primary driveline turnkey draws together electrical motor (13), planetary mechanism, change-speed box (3) and main reduction gear (2); Described flywheel energy storage system comprises flywheel (29), power-transfer clutch (18), ring gear (27) and driving gear (26); Described on-board charging system comprises combustion engine (21), electrical generator (23) electrical motor modulator (14), electrical generator modulator (17) and external charging interface (16); Driving coupling between described electrical motor (13), described planetary mechanism, described flywheel (29), described electrical generator (23), described combustion engine (21).
2. a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described change-speed box (3) has forward gear, neutral and reverses gear, the input shaft of described change-speed box (3) connects with the output shaft of described planetary mechanism, and the output shaft of described change-speed box (3) connects with described main reduction gear (2) input shaft.
3. a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described planetary mechanism comprises sun wheel (7), satellite gear (5), pinion carrier (4), gear ring (6) and gear ring drg (30); Described with sun wheel (7) all-in-one-piece processed flywheel shaft (19) on described flywheel (29) is installed, described flywheel (29) is arranged between bearing (28) and bearing (31); Described pinion carrier (4) connects with the output shaft of described planetary mechanism; Described gear ring (6) is connected with described electrical motor (13) by big gear wheel (10), miniature gears (8), coupler (12) and power-transfer clutch (11); Described big gear wheel (10) coaxially connects with described gear ring (6).
4. a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the output shaft of described combustion engine (21) is connected by power-transfer clutch (22) with the input shaft of described electrical generator (23); The output shaft of described electrical generator (23) is connected by coupler (24), described driving gear (26), described ring gear (27) and described power-transfer clutch (18) with flywheel shaft (19); One end of described power-transfer clutch (18) is fixedly mounted on described flywheel shaft (19), and the other end is fixed on described ring gear (27).
5. a kind of stroke-increasing electric automobile driving device with flywheel energy storage according to claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described primary driveline system, described flywheel energy storage system and described on-board charging system have multiple different operational mode under full-vehicle control, comprise vehicle start pattern, vehicle at the uniform velocity or Accelerating running pattern, vehicle sliding deceleration mode, car brakeing deceleration mode, parking rear flywheel dump energy Land use models and vehicle-mounted charge pattern.
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| CN201510004806.2A CN104527413A (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2015-01-06 | Range-increasing type electric vehicle transmission device with flywheel energy storage function |
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