CN104525953A - Ultrasonic assisted powder injection molding device and method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic assisted powder injection molding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525953A CN104525953A CN201510018414.1A CN201510018414A CN104525953A CN 104525953 A CN104525953 A CN 104525953A CN 201510018414 A CN201510018414 A CN 201510018414A CN 104525953 A CN104525953 A CN 104525953A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic assisted powder injection molding device and method. The device comprises an internal mixing device and an injection molding device. An internal mixing cavity is formed inside a shell of the internal mixing device, and a feeding hole communicated with the internal mixing cavity is formed in the surface of the shell. A rotor is arranged in the internal mixing cavity of the internal mixing device. A pressing weight is arranged at the feeding hole and is suitable for sealing the feeding hole. The injection molding device comprises a threaded rod injection molding machine and an injection mold. The feedstock obtained by internal mixing through the internal mixing device is injected into the injection mold through the threaded rod injection molding machine, and blanks are obtained by molding. A first energy converter is connected with the internal mixing device, and a second energy converter is connected with the injection mold. The first energy converter and the second energy converter are connected with an ultrasonic generator respectively, and are suitable for driving the internal mixing device and the injection mold respectively for supersonic vibration. The ultrasonic assisted powder injection molding device and method can effectively remove the agglomeration phenomenon in the mixing process and lower the mixing temperature, and are especially suitable for the feedstock made of metal or ceramic powder, of irregular shapes or high-carrying capacity, which is hard to inject.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of powder injection-molded device and method, be specifically related to a kind of ultrasonic wave added metal or ceramic powders Coinjection molding apparatus and method.
Background technology
Powder injection-molded technology is one that modern plastics injection molding technology is introduced field of powder metallurgy and is formed
novelpowder metallurgy near-net-shape technology, it combines the advantage of powder metallurgy and the large technology of injection molding of plastics two, both the restriction of conventional metals stamping of powder forming technology on shape of product had been breached, the 3 d part that energy is in enormous quantities simultaneously, high efficiency shaping has complicated shape, there is the advantage that the processing methods such as conventional powder metallurgical, Precision Machining and hot investment casting are incomparable, they can as production plastic products, metal, ceramic part that once-forming production is complex-shaped, be used widely in industries such as national defence, communication, machinery, automobile, medical treatment at present.
In metal or ceramic powders injection molding technology, because powder has solid-state or erose feature, this technology is made to have the feature different from injection molding of plastics technology, and technologic difficult point.In injection molding of plastics technology, injection feeding is the fused solution of polymer, and required finished product blank made by feeding after being injected into mould; And in Powder Injection Molding Technology, metal or ceramic powders need first to be mixed into semisolid fluid chemical field material with binding agent, compound is injected into the blank that required shape made by mould, also needs by blank degreasing except no-bonder after being shaped, and obtains finished product after sintering, process.Two technological processes are completely different, and technological difficulties are also different.Especially for high useful load or irregularly shaped metal or the obtained feeding of ceramic powders, easily there is agglomeration in it, feeding component skewness, affects the technical problem of shaped article quality thus in mixing process.And in injection moulding process, feeding poor fluidity, viscosity are too high, are difficult to inject injection molding and complete injection molding technical problem.
Chinese patent CN102962455A discloses a kind of powder metallurgy injection molding technique, comprises the steps: 1) metal dust and binding agent are carried out in proportion batching mixing; 2) feeding: metal dust and binding agent homomixture are put into and designs and the mold cavity manufactured in advance, under protection of ammonia, warm compaction molding after being heated to 120-140 DEG C, in forming process, utilizes vibrator to drive this mould to vibrate; 3) degreasing: after the demoulding, hot briquetting product is to 250-300 DEG C; 4) sinter, sinter under vacuum conditions.What this technical scheme adopted is warm compaction molding technology in metal powder metallurgy, directly puts into mold cavity warm compaction molding after metal dust and binding agent mix.Compared with carrying out injection molding technology with employing screw of injection machine, this technology has the mobility of the feeding that feed metal powder and binding agent blend together less demanding, because the technical characterstic of mold friction, can cause part wall and core uneven, cut this technology and can only prepare the two-dimensional part with complicated shape, can not prepare complicated 3 d part structure, and the parts density of final sintering aftershaping is not high.
Therefore, how to prepare uniform high useful load feeding, increase its flow behavior in process of injection molding, and obtain the focus that outward appearance is better, quality is more excellent, precision is higher goods become metal or ceramic powders injection moulding field, have great importance.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention solved is in metal or ceramic powders injection moulding field, mixing preparation in feeding procedure easily reunites, feeding is uneven, high useful load feeding because of viscosity high-leveled and difficult with injection technical problem, there is provided a kind of be suitable for metal and ceramic powders can the powder injection-molded device and method of ultrasonic wave added of high useful load, evenly feeding, improve in mixing process reunite, feeding is difficult to the phenomenon of injecting.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is specific as follows:
The powder injection-molded device of a kind of ultrasonic wave added, comprising:
Banburying device, the enclosure interior of described banburying device is provided with banburying chamber, and surface of shell is provided with the material mouth communicated with described banburying chamber; In the banburying chamber of described banburying device, be provided with rotor, described material mouth place is provided with ram, described ram is suitable for sealing described material mouth;
Coinjection molding apparatus, described device comprises screw of injection machine, injecting molding die;
Described banburying device banburying gained feeding injects described injecting molding die through described screw of injection machine, and injection moulding obtains blank;
Be connected with the first transducer with described banburying device, be connected with the second transducer with described injecting molding die; Described first transducer and described second transducer are connected with supersonic generator respectively and arrange, and are suitable for driving described banburying device and described injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration respectively.
Also be provided with degreasing sintered equipment, the blank be suitable for described injecting molding die is made carries out degreasing, sintering.
On the housing of described banburying device, be provided with the first transducer apart from described banburying chamber 2 ~ 10mm place.
Described first transducer is provided with multiple.
Described first transducer is provided with three, lays respectively at the below of described banburying chamber and symmetrical left and right side.
Described injecting molding die comprises:
Cover half device, comprises the cover half panel seat, solid plate, nozzle and the patrix that are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom;
Die device, comprise counterdie, moving platen and dynamic model panel seat, described lower film to be positioned at immediately below described patrix and to be fixedly mounted on described moving platen, described dynamic model panel seat is arranged on the below of described moving platen, between described dynamic model panel seat and described moving platen, be provided with elastic component, described moving platen is suitable for driving described counterdie to carry out the reciprocating motion of vertical direction under the deformation of described elastic component coordinates; On described the lower surface of film and the upper surface of lower film binding face on form die cavity;
Push rod, be fixedly connected with described dynamic model panel seat, run through described moving platen and lower film is provided with push rod passage, described push rod is nested to be arranged in described push rod passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described push rod passage, and the top of described push rod passage is connected with the bottom of described die cavity;
Sprue puller, runs through described moving platen and lower film is also provided with sprue puller passage, described in draw that material is nested to be arranged in described sprue puller passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described sprue puller passage, be connected with cylinder with the bottom of described sprue puller;
Nozzle, described nozzle runs through described cover half panel seat, cover half is pulled and arranged with patrix, and the outlet of described nozzle is connected with described die cavity;
Described patrix and/or counterdie are provided with the second transducer being connected with supersonic generator and arranging.
In described patrix nozzle 10 ~ 30mm place described in distance and in described counterdie 2 ~ 10mm place, die cavity edge described in distance be respectively arranged with the second transducer.
Based on the powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added of the powder injection-molded device of above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added, comprise the steps:
(1) mixing: to carry out mixing in banburying chamber powder and binding agent being placed in described banburying device, in mixing process, supersonic generator drives described first transducer to drive described banburying device to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
(2) injection moulding: the mixing feeding obtained is injected described injecting molding die through screw of injection machine, carries out injection moulding, obtain moulded blank; In described process of injection molding, supersonic generator drives described second transducer to drive described injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration.
Also be provided with step (3): described moulded blank is put into degreasing sintered equipment and carries out degreasing, sintering, obtain finished product.
Described in step (1) and step (2), the signal frequency of supersonic generator is 20 ~ 40KHZ per second.
Process of injection molding described in step (2) comprises matched moulds, injection, pressurize, cooling, die sinking operation.
Described powder is metal dust or ceramic powders.
The powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added of the present invention, comprises banburying device and injecting molding die, and the enclosure interior of described banburying device is provided with banburying chamber, and surface of shell is provided with the material mouth communicated with described banburying chamber; In the banburying chamber of described banburying device, be provided with rotor, described material mouth place is provided with ram, described ram is suitable for sealing described material mouth; Described injecting molding die is connected with the material mouth of described banburying device and arranges; Be fixedly connected with described banburying device and be provided with the first transducer, be fixedly connected with described injecting molding die and be provided with the second transducer; Described first transducer and described second transducer are connected with supersonic generator respectively and arrange, and are suitable for driving described banburying device and described injecting molding die to carry out mechanical oscillation respectively.Device of the present invention is provided with the transducer be connected with supersonic generator on banburying device, can apply ultrasonic action in internal mixing pass to mixed material.Utilize the mechanical effect that ultrasonic wave vibrates, in mixing process, utilize ultrasonic wave added to make particle be subject to the shear action of rotor applying and the percussion of ultrasonic field applying simultaneously, particle can be made just can be disperseed fully in a mixing process, effectively prevent the agglomeration of particle, simultaneously due to the fuel factor of ultrasonic wave vibration, reduce feeding viscosity, thus can carry out mixing under low temperature, prepare the more uniform feeding of dispersion.Prepare thus this be uniformly dispersed, viscosity is low, the high specific gravity of good fluidity, high useful load or erose feeding can enter injecting molding die under lower injection pressure condition, and mould described in better filling, metal dust in gained blank is evenly distributed, and density is high.
The powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added of the present invention is provided with the transducer be connected with supersonic generator on injecting molding die, in injection moulding process, ultrasonic action is applied to mixed material, change the rheological property of powder, reduce melt viscosity, simultaneously, seek feeding particle diameter under resonant frequency with it by different transducers, make it to reach best effect.The die cavity maximum pressure of powder injection-molded mold filling process is made to reduce further, Mold Filling Process in Injection Molding is completed under being further implemented in low injection pressure and injection temperature, improve filling capacity and products surface quality, thus widen the powder injection-molded scope of application, to be applicable to erose metal or ceramic powders.
First transducer is arranged on the below of banburying chamber and symmetrical left and right side by the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added of the present invention.Now, by the transducer of multi-direction setting, the vibrational energy of supersonic generator and thermal energy evenly, are directly delivered in the banburying chamber of banburying device, fully improve and be arranged in the mixing uniformity of banburying chamber feeding, reduce the generation of agglomeration.
The powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added of the present invention is the improvement carried out on existing Coinjection molding apparatus, and whole device is simple to operation, cheap.
The powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added of the present invention, comprise the steps that (1) is mixing, carry out mixing in banburying chamber powder and binding agent being placed in described banburying device, in mixing process, supersonic generator drives described first transducer to drive described banburying device to carry out ultrasonic vibration; Step (2) injection moulding: the mixing feeding obtained is entered described injecting molding die through injector injection, carries out injection moulding, obtain moulded blank; In described process of injection molding, supersonic generator drives described second transducer to drive described injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration.Process of injection molding described in step (2) comprises matched moulds, injection, pressurize, cooling, die sinking operation.The method of the invention applies ultrasonic action in internal mixing pass, whole process of injection molding, fully increases the mobile performance of material, reduces operating temperature and pressure.Make high specific gravity, high useful load or erose powder can prepare high accuracy, highdensity part by ejection forming method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1it is kneading device section of the present invention
figure;
fig. 2it is Coinjection molding apparatus of the present invention signal
figure;
fig. 3it is Coinjection molding apparatus section of the present invention
figure;
fig. 4it is sintering temperature curve in embodiment 2 and comparative example 2
figure;
Wherein:
accompanying drawingbe labeled as:
1-dynamic model panel seat; 2-cushion block; 3-moving platen; 4-second transducer; 5-water channel; 6-solid plate; 7-cover half panel seat; 8-nozzle; 9-patrix; 10-die cavity; 11-counterdie; 12-sprue puller; 13-spring; 14-push rod; 15-ejector pin retaining plate; 16-push pedal;
17-banburying device; 18-rotor; 19-ram; 20-banburying chamber; 21-first transducer;
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added described in the present embodiment, comprises banburying device and Coinjection molding apparatus.
Wherein, banburying device 17 is mixing facilities that this area is commonly used, and metal dust and binding agent carry out mixing in this device.
as Fig. 1shown in, the enclosure interior of banburying device 17 is provided with the banburying chamber 20 for splendid attire mixed material, and surface of shell is provided with the material mouth communicated with banburying chamber 20; Rotor 18 is placed in banburying device banburying chamber 20, and at material, mouth place is provided with ram 19, and ram 19 is suitable for sealing material mouth.By binding agent and powder according to a certain percentage a graded by expecting that mouth joins in the banburying chamber 20 of banburying device, seal at material mouth pressure ram 19, by rotor 18 rotate carry out mixing.
On the housing of banburying device, the 8mm place, below of distance banburying chamber 20 is provided with first transducer 21 driven by supersonic generator, by the first transducer 21, the vibrational energy of supersonic generator is directly passed in banburying chamber 20 in mixing process, improve the uniformity that feeding is mixing.As deformable embodiment, when described first transducer container cavity is located at below described banburying device banburying chamber 20, distance between described first transducer container cavity and described banburying chamber 20 can be any one value within the scope of 2 ~ 10mm, and preferably select within the scope of 3 ~ 9mm, such as, the first transducer container cavity is located at 4mm, 5mm below banburying device banburying chamber 20, the position of 6mm, 7mm etc.
Described Coinjection molding apparatus in the present embodiment at least comprises screw of injection machine and injecting molding die; Wherein screw of injection machine is suitable for adopting any one screw of injection machine in state of the art; After the banburying of banburying device, the feeding of gained adds in screw of injection machine, then by screw of injection machine, feeding is injected injecting molding die.As preferred embodiment, described Coinjection molding apparatus in the present embodiment also can also be provided with breaker and prilling granulator, thus make the feeding of gained after the banburying of banburying device first after fragmentation and granulation process, then to add in screw of injection machine; Wherein, object that is broken, granulation is feeding banburying gained feedstock preparation being become required particle diameter, is the processing step that this area is commonly used.
as Fig. 2, shown in 3, the similar mould conventional with this area of the injecting molding die basic structure in the present embodiment is identical, comprising:
Cover half device, comprises the cover half panel seat 7, solid plate 6 and the patrix 9 that are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom;
Die device, comprise counterdie 11, moving platen 3 and dynamic model panel seat 1, lower film 11 to be positioned at immediately below patrix 9 and to be fixedly mounted on moving platen 3, dynamic model panel seat 1 is arranged on the below of described moving platen 3, between dynamic model panel seat 1 and moving platen 3, be provided with elastic component, moving platen 3 is suitable for driving counterdie 11 to carry out the reciprocating motion of vertical direction under the deformation of elastic component coordinates; The binding face of the lower surface of upper film 9 and the upper surface of lower film 11 forms die cavity 10;
Push rod 14, be fixedly connected with dynamic model panel seat 1, run through moving platen 3 and upper film 9 is provided with push rod passage, described push rod is nested to be arranged in described push rod 14 passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along push rod passage, and the top of described push rod passage is connected with the bottom of described die cavity 10; Push rod 14 overcoat has spring 13.
Sprue puller 12, runs through moving platen 3 and upper film 9 is also provided with sprue puller passage, described in draw that material is nested to be arranged in described sprue puller passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described sprue puller passage, be connected with cylinder with the bottom of described sprue puller 12;
Nozzle 8, nozzle 8 runs through cover half panel seat 7, cover half pull 6 and patrix 9 arrange, the outlet of nozzle 8 is connected with die cavity 10;
Commonly use mould difference with this area to be: be respectively provided with second transducer 4 at the symmetrical identity distance of patrix 9 from the 20mm place of nozzle 8.The vibrational energy of supersonic generator passes in nozzle 8 sprue die cavity, to reduce melt viscosity further via patrix 9 by transducer.As deformable embodiment, when described second transducer is symmetrically set in patrix 9 right and left, distance between described second transducer and described nozzle 8 can be any value within the scope of 10 ~ 30mm, and preferably within the scope of 12 ~ 28mm, more preferably select within the scope of 15 ~ 25mm; Such as, the second transducer is symmetrically set in the 16mm of patrix 9 right and left distance nozzle 8, the position of 18mm, 22mm, 24mm etc.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added based on the powder injection-molded device of above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added, the method adopts hydrogenation and dehydrogenization titanium powder (HDH) as powder stock, adopts paraffin (PW), polypropylene (PP), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) and stearic acid (SA) as binding agent, and powder volume charging ratio is 57%; The method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mixing: the banburying chamber 20 hydrogenation and dehydrogenization titanium powder being placed in banburying device, setting heating-up temperature is 150 DEG C, the heat time is one and a half hours; Add in banburying chamber 20 by polypropylene (PP), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) again, compress ram 19, starter motor, rotor driven 18 rotates, rotating speed 20r/min, time 10min; Open ram 19 again, in banburying chamber 20, add paraffin (PW), compress ram 19, heighten rotating speed to 50r/min, time 20min, left and right torque levels; Finally in banburying chamber 20, add stearic acid (SA) again, rotating speed 80r/min, time 60min, left and right torque levels, finally obtain evenly without the feeding of obvious agglomeration.All apply ultrasonic action at above mixing process, described supersonic generator drives the first transducer to drive injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration, and the signal frequency of described supersonic generator is 20KHZ.
(2) injection moulding: the nozzle 8 mixing feeding obtained being injected described injecting molding die through injector, in the die cavity 10 that feeding enters patrix 9 through nozzle 8, counterdie 11 matched moulds is formed, carry out injection moulding, wherein, injection temperature is 150 DEG C, injection pressure is 100MPa, and the temperature of injection molding is 50 DEG C, after shaping, obtain moulded blank; In the above process, supersonic generator drives the second transducer 4 to drive injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration, and the signal frequency of described supersonic generator is also 20KHZ.
(3) degreasing, sintering: step (2) gained moulded blank is put into degreasing sintered stove and carries out degreasing, sintering, wherein degreasing method adopts the method that solvent degreasing method and thermal debinding method combine, namely thermal debinding is carried out again adopt trichloro-ethylene solution degreasing 4h at 50 ~ 60 DEG C after, then sinter under the vacuum condition of 1250 DEG C, finally obtain finished product.
Embodiment 2
The powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added described in the present embodiment, comprises banburying device and Coinjection molding apparatus.
as Fig. 1shown in, the enclosure interior of banburying device 17 is provided with the banburying chamber 20 for splendid attire mixed material, and surface of shell is provided with the material mouth communicated with banburying chamber 20; Rotor 18 is placed in banburying device banburying chamber 20, and at material, mouth place is provided with ram 19, and ram 19 is suitable for sealing material mouth.By binding agent and powder according to a certain percentage a graded by expecting that mouth joins in the banburying chamber 20 of banburying device, seal at material mouth pressure ram 19, by rotor 18 rotate carry out mixing.
Left and right side 8mm place at banburying device banburying chamber 20 in the present embodiment is arranged with two the first transducers, and be provided with two the first transducers 21 at the 8mm place, below of banburying device banburying chamber 20, first transducer 21 by supersonic generator drive and by transducer 21, the vibrational energy of supersonic generator directly passed in banburying chamber 20 in mixing process, improve the mixing uniformity of feeding further.As deformable embodiment, when described first transducer 21 is symmetrically set in described banburying device banburying chamber 20 right and left, distance between described first transducer and described banburying chamber 20 can also be any one value within the scope of 2 ~ 10mm, and preferably select within the scope of 3 ~ 9mm, such as, banburying device banburying chamber 20 right and left 4mm is located at respectively by the first transducer, 5mm, the position of 6mm, 7mm etc.
Described Coinjection molding apparatus in the present embodiment at least comprises screw of injection machine and injecting molding die;
as Fig. 2, shown in 3, the injecting molding die in the present embodiment comprises:
Cover half device, comprises the cover half panel seat 7, solid plate 6 and the patrix 9 that are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom;
Die device, comprise counterdie 11, moving platen 3 and dynamic model panel seat 1, lower film 11 to be positioned at immediately below patrix 9 and to be fixedly mounted on moving platen 3, dynamic model panel seat 1 is arranged on the below of described moving platen 3, between dynamic model panel seat 1 and moving platen 3, be provided with elastic component, moving platen 3 is suitable for driving counterdie 11 to carry out the reciprocating motion of vertical direction under the deformation of elastic component coordinates; The binding face of the lower surface of upper film 9 and the upper surface of lower film 11 forms die cavity 10;
Push rod 14, be fixedly connected with dynamic model panel seat 1, run through moving platen 3 and upper film 9 is provided with push rod passage, described push rod is nested to be arranged in described push rod 14 passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along push rod passage, and the top of described push rod passage is connected with the bottom of described die cavity 10; Push rod 14 overcoat has spring 13.
Sprue puller 12, runs through moving platen 3 and upper film 9 is also provided with sprue puller passage, described in draw that material is nested to be arranged in described sprue puller passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described sprue puller passage, be connected with cylinder with the bottom of described sprue puller 12;
Nozzle 8, nozzle 8 runs through cover half panel seat 7, cover half pull 6 and patrix 9 arrange, the outlet of nozzle 8 is connected with die cavity 10;
Commonly use mould difference with this area to be: be respectively provided with second transducer 4 at the symmetrical identity distance of patrix 9 from the 17mm place of nozzle 8, at distance 5mm place, die cavity 10 edge, the right and left of counterdie 11, symmetry is respectively provided with second transducer 4.Second transducer 4 by the vibrational energy of supersonic generator via patrix 9, pass in nozzle 8 sprue die cavity, and the vibrational energy of supersonic generator directly passes in counterdie die cavity by the second transducer 4, improves the mixing uniformity of feeding further.As variable embodiment, when described second transducer 4 is symmetrically set in counterdie 11 right and left, distance between described second transducer 4 and described die cavity 10 can be select within the scope of 2 ~ 10mm, any value preferably within the scope of 3 ~ 9mm, such as, 4mm, 6mm below banburying device banburying chamber 20 be located at by the second transducer 4, the position of 7mm, 8mm etc.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added based on the powder injection-molded device of above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added, the method adopts 316L powder of stainless steel as powder stock, adopts paraffin (PW), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), stearic acid (SA) as binding agent, powder volume charging ratio is 58%, and the method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mixing: the banburying chamber 20 316L powder of stainless steel being placed in banburying device, setting heating-up temperature 130 DEG C, one and a half hours time; Add in banburying chamber 20 by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) again, compress ram 19, starter motor, rotor driven 18 rotates, rotating speed 20r/min, time 10min; Open ram 19 again, in banburying chamber 20, add paraffin (PW), compress ram 19, heighten rotating speed to 50r/min, time 20min, left and right torque levels; Finally in banburying chamber 20, add stearic acid (SA) again, rotating speed 80r/min, time 60min, left and right torque levels, finally obtain evenly without the feeding of obvious agglomeration.Wherein, above mixing process all applies ultrasonic action, and vibration signal is 20 ~ 40KHZ.
One as the present embodiment is out of shape, raw material can adopt metal dust and binding agent be dry mixed rear as premix add carry out in banburying device mixing.
The mechanical effect that the method for the invention utilizes ultrasonic wave to vibrate, in ultrasonic wave added mixing process, make metal powder granulates and binding agent be subject to the shear action of rotor applying and the percussion of ultrasonic field applying simultaneously, particle is disperseed fully in mixing process, the reunion of effective prevention particle, simultaneously due to the fuel factor of ultrasonic wave vibration, reduce feeding viscosity, thus can carry out mixing under low temperature, prepare the more uniform feeding of dispersion simultaneously.
(2) injection moulding: the nozzle 8 mixing feeding obtained being injected described injecting molding die through injector, in the die cavity 10 that feeding enters patrix 9 through nozzle 8, counterdie 11 matched moulds is formed, carry out injection moulding, wherein, injection temperature 150 DEG C, injection pressure 15MPa, injection molding temperature 50 C, obtains moulded blank; In the above process, supersonic generator drives the second transducer 4 to drive injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration.
The method of the invention introduces ultrasonic action in injection process, change the rheological property of powder/polymeric system, reduce melt viscosity, simultaneously, feeding particle diameter under resonant frequency is with it sought by different transducers, make it to reach best effect, thus the die cavity maximum pressure of powder injection-molded mold filling process can be made to have significantly reduce, Mold Filling Process in Injection Molding is completed under can be implemented in low injection pressure and injection temperature, improve filling capacity and products surface quality, thus widen the powder injection-molded scope of application, be particularly useful for the feeding that high useful load and erose metal or ceramic powders are made.
(3) degreasing, sintering: step (2) gained moulded blank is put into degreasing sintered stove under 500 DEG C of conditions, carries out thermal debinding, degreasing time 2h.
By the blank after degreasing at N
2+ H
2sinter under reducing atmosphere, sintering temperature curve
as Fig. 4shown in, be warming up to 500 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, sinter 1 hour; Be warming up to 1350 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min again, sinter 1 hour, then cool at normal temperatures, finally obtain finished product.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment adopts conventional powders injection moulding method to be prepared into shaped piece, raw material is hydrogenation and dehydrogenization titanium powder (HDH), binding agent adopts paraffin (PW), polypropylene (PP), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), stearic acid (SA), and powder volume charging ratio is 57%.The method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mixing: 160 DEG C of blended 2h in mixing roll by hydrogenation and dehydrogenization powder and binding agent.
(2) injection moulding: the nozzle 8 mixing feeding obtained being injected described injecting molding die through injector, in the die cavity 10 that feeding enters patrix 9 through nozzle 8, counterdie 11 matched moulds is formed, carry out injection moulding, wherein, injection temperature 160 DEG C, injection pressure 110MPa, injection molding temperature 50 C, obtains moulded blank;
(3) degreasing, sintering: step (2) gained moulded blank adopted solvent degreasing method and thermal debinding method to combine, trichloro-ethylene solution degreasing 4h is adopted at 50 ~ 60 DEG C, thermal debinding adopts vacuum degreasing sintering furnace with sintering, sinter under 1250 DEG C of vacuum conditions, finally obtain finished product.
Embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 form processing to irregular metal powder titanium powder, by embodiment 1 compared with comparative example 1, in the powder injection forming process of embodiment 1, melting temperature, mixing time, injection temperature, injection pressure all reduce, through step (1) mixing gained feeding without obvious agglomeration, the tensile strength of gained finished product improves.
Comparative example 2
The present embodiment utilizes conventional method to prepare stainless steel profiled member, raw material is 316L powder of stainless steel, binding agent adopts paraffin (PW), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), stearic acid (SA), and powder volume charging ratio is 58%.The method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mixing: the banburying chamber 20 powder of stainless steel being placed in banburying device, heating-up temperature 140 DEG C, time 120min; Add in banburying chamber 20 by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) again, compress ram 19, starter motor, rotor driven 18 rotates, rotating speed 20r/min, time 10min; Open ram 19 again, in banburying chamber 20, add paraffin (PW), compress ram 19, heighten rotating speed to 50r/min, time 20min, left and right torque levels; Finally in banburying chamber 20, add stearic acid (SA) again, rotating speed 80r/min, time 90min, left and right torque levels, obtain basic uniform feeding, in this feeding, portion has agglomeration.
(2) injection moulding: the nozzle 8 mixing feeding obtained being injected described injecting molding die through injector, in the die cavity 10 that feeding enters patrix 9 through nozzle 8, counterdie 11 matched moulds is formed, carry out injection moulding, wherein, injection temperature 160 DEG C, injection pressure 20MPa, injection molding temperature 50 C, obtains moulded blank;
(3) degreasing, sintering: step (2) gained moulded blank is put into degreasing sintered stove under 500 DEG C of conditions, carries out thermal debinding, degreasing time 2h.By the blank after degreasing at N
2+ H
2sinter under reducing atmosphere, sintering temperature curve
as Fig. 4shown in, be warming up to 500 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, sinter 1 hour; Be warming up to 1350 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min again, sinter 1 hour, then cool at normal temperatures, finally obtain finished product.
By embodiment 2 compared with comparative example 2, in the powder injection forming process of embodiment 2, melting temperature, mixing time, injection temperature, injection pressure all reduce, and through step (1) mixing gained feeding more evenly, without obvious agglomeration, the density of gained finished product more evenly, tensile strength improves.
In the present invention, described powder volume charging ratio refers to that powder volume accounts for the percentage composition of feeding volume.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in this
inventionamong the protection domain created.
Claims (12)
1. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added, comprising:
Banburying device, the enclosure interior of described banburying device is provided with banburying chamber, and surface of shell is provided with the material mouth communicated with described banburying chamber; In the banburying chamber of described banburying device, be provided with rotor, described material mouth place is provided with ram, described ram is suitable for sealing described material mouth;
Coinjection molding apparatus, described device comprises screw of injection machine, injecting molding die, and described banburying device banburying gained feeding injects described injecting molding die through described screw of injection machine;
It is characterized in that:
Be connected with the first transducer with described banburying device, be connected with the second transducer with described injecting molding die; Described first transducer and described second transducer are connected with supersonic generator respectively and arrange, and are suitable for driving described banburying device and described injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration respectively.
2. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with degreasing sintered equipment, and the blank be suitable for described injecting molding die is made carries out degreasing, sintering.
3. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, on the housing of described banburying device, is provided with the first transducer apart from described banburying chamber 2 ~ 10mm place.
4. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first transducer is provided with multiple.
5. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described first transducer is provided with three, lays respectively at the below of described banburying chamber and symmetrical left and right side.
6. the powder injection-molded device of the ultrasonic wave added according to claim 1-3 any one, is characterized in that, described injecting molding die comprises:
Cover half device, comprises the cover half panel seat, solid plate and the patrix that are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom;
Die device, comprise counterdie, moving platen and dynamic model panel seat, described lower film to be positioned at immediately below described patrix and to be fixedly mounted on described moving platen, described dynamic model panel seat is arranged on the below of described moving platen, between described dynamic model panel seat and described moving platen, be provided with elastic component, described moving platen is suitable for driving described counterdie to carry out the reciprocating motion of vertical direction under the deformation of described elastic component coordinates; On described the lower surface of film and the upper surface of lower film binding face on form die cavity;
Push rod, be fixedly connected with described dynamic model panel seat, run through described moving platen and lower film is provided with push rod passage, described push rod is nested to be arranged in described push rod passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described push rod passage, and the top of described push rod passage is connected with the bottom of described die cavity;
Sprue puller, runs through described moving platen and lower film is also provided with sprue puller passage, described in draw that material is nested to be arranged in described sprue puller passage and to be suitable for moving back and forth along described sprue puller passage, be connected with cylinder with the bottom of described sprue puller;
Nozzle, described nozzle runs through described cover half panel seat, cover half is pulled and arranged with patrix, and the outlet of described nozzle is connected with described die cavity;
Described patrix and/or counterdie are provided with the second transducer being connected with supersonic generator and arranging.
7. the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described patrix nozzle 10 ~ 30mm place described in distance and in described counterdie 2 ~ 10mm place, die cavity edge described in distance be respectively arranged with the second transducer.
8., based on the powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added of the powder injection-molded device of ultrasonic wave added described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) mixing: to carry out mixing in banburying chamber powder stock and binding agent being placed in described banburying device, in mixing process, supersonic generator drives described first transducer to drive described banburying device to carry out ultrasonic vibration;
(2) injection moulding: the mixing feeding obtained is injected described injecting molding die through screw of injection machine, carries out injection moulding, obtain moulded blank; In described process of injection molding, supersonic generator drives described second transducer to drive described injecting molding die to carry out ultrasonic vibration.
9. the powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 8, is characterized in that, is also provided with step (3): described moulded blank is put into degreasing sintered equipment and carries out degreasing, sintering, obtain finished product.
10. the powder injection-molded method of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 8 or claim 9, is characterized in that, described in step (1) and step (2), the signal frequency of supersonic generator is 20 ~ 40KHZ per second.
11. powder injection-molded methods of ultrasonic wave added according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, the process of injection molding described in step (2) comprises matched moulds, injection, pressurize, cooling, die sinking operation.
12. powder injection-molded methods of ultrasonic wave added according to Claim 8 described in-11 any one, it is characterized in that, described powder is metal dust or ceramic powders.
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| CN109551614A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic unit for powder pressing forming |
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