CN104525887A - Grinding roller and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Grinding roller and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525887A CN104525887A CN201410657916.4A CN201410657916A CN104525887A CN 104525887 A CN104525887 A CN 104525887A CN 201410657916 A CN201410657916 A CN 201410657916A CN 104525887 A CN104525887 A CN 104525887A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
- B02C15/004—Shape or construction of rollers or balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/38—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for roll bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/44—Carburising
- C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a grinding roller; a carbide coating layer is arranged on the surface of a roller body; a roller core adopts a grey cast iron matrix; and the invention further provides a preparation method for obtaining the grinding roller. The carbide coating layer comprises a V2C compact ceramic layer, and can further comprise a micron V8C7 compact ceramic layer and a fusion layer of V8C7 and a matrix. The V2C compact ceramic layer, the micron V8C7 compact ceramic layer and the fusion layer of V8C7 and the matrix are gradiently distributed in sequence. The carbide coating layer and the matrix are metallurgically bonded, so that the binding force is strong, the problems of weak binding force and easy particle dropping due to traditional non-metallurgic bonding between hard particles and metal matrix are overcome, and the surface wear resistance of the roller body of the grinding roller is largely improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite grinding roll with wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to and a kind of there is composite grinding roll of wear resistant carbide coating and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of wear resistant carbide coating composite grinding roll being applied to grey cast-iron surface and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At industry fields such as coal, metallurgy, mine, electric power, building materials, refractory material, the energy, grinding roller is as a kind of milling apparatus of the industry extensive uses such as modern cement, electric power, coal, chemical industry, early stage is due to the restriction by antifriction material qualities, grinding soft object can only be used for, the quality of its ruuning situation, determines the economic benefit of enterprise to a certain extent.Especially for grinding roller and the vertical grinder roll system of the medium-speed pulverizer in thermal power plant, all the more so.Wear-resistant protection method conventional at present mainly utilizes abrasion resistant casting alloy to prepare grinding roller.
For ensureing the service life of grinding roller, its high-abrasive material will have high hardness and enough toughness, and material metallographic structure should be martensite and adds alloy carbide.At present, external large-scale grinding roller adopts ni-hard cast iron usually, hardness is at about HRC62, but nickel is rare precious metal, therefore China adopts the overall high-chromium alloy cast-iron after Overheating Treatment and ZG20SiMn or low-alloy spoken parts in traditional operas wear resistant cast iron usually: 1. high-carbon, low silicon, low manganese, 2. the control of cooling velocity, requires that cooling velocity is fast.High-chromium alloy cast-iron after Overheating Treatment, toughness and wearability higher, carbide is with M
7c
3form occurs, content can reach more than 10%, microhardness 1300-1800HV
0.05between.
The grinding roller produced both at home and abroad is at present mostly that casting technique adopts metal type dies, centrifugal casting, pouring type changes revolving horizontal into by static vertical type, grinding roller skin is Quench low-alloy spoken parts in traditional operas wear resistant cast iron, internal layer is regular gray iron, this Quench type centrifugal casting technique helps the case hardness improving grinding roller, is conducive to the wearability improving grinding roller.
The grinding roller of usual scratch system is subject to impact loading in running; and chrome content is more; fragility is larger, more easily ftractures, although built-up welding can improve the service life of overall high-chromium alloy cast-iron; but surfacing equipment is expensive; once, its life-span increases little, for power plant in built-up welding; grinding roller is changed frequently to be needed to shut down, and causes great economic loss.Therefore require that new material has good toughness and higher surface abrasion resistance, based on the industry of modernization high speed development, overall high-chromium alloy cast-iron gradually ban by the development of brand-new material.
But the hardness only improving grinding roller matrix material is still not enough to the persistence that ensures that it is on active service, therefore increasing coating in its working position is the economical and effective means of this problem of solution.
It is the coating of carbide material that present stage uses more, and hardness is high, abrasion resistance properties is superior feature that it has, covers alloy base surperficial wearability and the life-span can improving the parts prepared by matrix material with coating way.Wherein VC
pbe a kind of common coating material, it has following advantageous features:
(1) physical and chemical performance of the excellences such as density is low, intensity is high, elastic modelling quantity is high, anti-oxidant, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant is possessed;
(2) tendency of growing up in sintering process is little, and particle is generally rounded, is a kind of ideal reinforcing material;
(3) vanadium resource enriches, and easily obtain, less expensive, vanadium carbide obtains and generally applies in metal-base composites;
(4) have very high heat endurance and the face-centred cubic structure of high rigidity, closely, this is convenient to be combined with steel substrate better for lattice paprmeter and lattice types and austenite;
(5) VC
pstandard enthalpy of formation △ G
0be worth low, its synthetic reaction is easy to carry out;
(6) VC
pthe steel-based composite material of coating except hardness is high, wearability well except, machinable, forging, welding, heat treatment reinforcement and be out of shape little, and there is the cold and hot working performance of common steel-smelting.Therefore, VC
pcoating material is widely used as the wearing face of chipless cold/hot metal machining tool, cutting tool, various mould, antiwear heat resisting is anti-corrosion part.
The method preparing carbide coating at present has chemical vapour deposition technique, physical vaporous deposition, heat spraying method, hot plating method etc., but these methods, there is the deficiencies such as production equipment requirement is harsh, production efficiency is low, anchoring strength of coating is low.
Therefore how VC is obtained at grinding roller working surface
pcoating, and the preparation method selecting that a kind of production equipment is simple, technological process is short, obtain with good, the difficult drop-off of basal body binding force and the coating of mechanical property, anti-wear performance excellence is problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed for above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grinding roller, and its body surface has a kind of wear-resistant coating, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix, and this wear-resistant coating is V
2c dense ceramic layers, its chemical stability and wearability good, there is low-friction coefficient, high rigidity, low-surface-energy and low thermal conductiv-ity; And further, provide a kind of preparation method for obtaining above-mentioned composite grinding roll.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of grinding roller, and its body surface has a kind of gradient composite coating, it is preferably coated on body of roll matrix surface, to improve wearability and the fracture toughness on its surface, particularly grey cast-iron surface, and a kind of preparation method for obtaining above-mentioned coating is provided.
Described grinding roller, has wear resistant carbide coating on its roll body surface.Concrete barrel diameter can be 500-13000mm, and barrel length can be 1000-4000mm.The surface of the selection favourable guarantee body of roll working position of this length has very high hardness and good wearability, and body of roll body portion has good toughness.
For realizing the object of the invention, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Body surface has a grinding roller for wear-resistant coating, and this wear-resistant coating is V
2c dense ceramic layers; Preferably, V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly.
More preferably, along V
2c dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 7-25 μm, is preferably 9-25 μm, is more preferably 15-25 μm; Preferably, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is greater than 80%, is preferably greater than 90%; Preferably, V
2c crystallite dimension is 20-50 μm, is preferably 30-50 μm.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of body surface to have the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and described gradient composite coating is carbide coating, comprises the V of distribution gradient successively
2c dense ceramic layers, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers, V
8c
7with the fused layer of matrix.
Preferably, V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly.
More preferably, along V
2c dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 7-25 μm, is preferably 9-25 μm, is more preferably 15-25 μm; Preferably, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is greater than 80%, is preferably greater than 90%; Preferably, V
2c crystallite dimension is 20-50 μm, is preferably 30-50 μm.
Further preferably, along micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 15-90 μm, is preferably 40-90 μm, is more preferably 70-90 μm; Preferably, V
8c
7volume fraction be greater than 70%, be preferably greater than 75%; Preferably, V
8c
7crystallite dimension be 5-15 μm, be preferably 6-15 μm, be more preferably 8-15 μm.
Still more preferably, along V
8c
7with the fused layer longitudinal profile of matrix, its thickness is 121 μm-1090 μm, preferred 300-1090 μm; Preferably, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 20%-85%, be preferably 50%-85%; Preferably, V
8c
7crystallite dimension be 5-20 μm, be preferably 10-20 μm.
Preferably, gradient composite coating gross thickness is 143-1205 μm, preferably at 400-1200 μm.
More preferably, grinding roller matrix is according to heat treatment mode one or more that can be divided in pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, austenite and sorbite different; Preferably, this gradient composite coating is applied in grey cast-iron surface.
The invention provides the preparation method that a kind of body surface has the grinding roller of wear-resistant coating, comprise the steps:
1) first prepare a vanadium plate, preferably, wherein the purity of vanadium should control at 99.7-99.9%; More preferably, the THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate is at 0.2-3mm; Preferably, described vanadium plate is first by addition surface treatment;
2) according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, accordingly in pipe die inwall fixed outer carbon source, then by step 1) in vanadium plate reel according to pipe die inner wall size, itself and external carbon source are combined closely; Preferably, in the Austenitic stainless steel pipe mould inwall fixed outer carbon source of centrifuge;
3) grey cast-iron base material is smelted for iron liquid; Preferably, temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C;
4) be cast in the above-mentioned pipe die being placed with vanadium plate and external carbon source by above-mentioned iron liquid, but extract afterwards until iron liquid cooling, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition, its body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix; Preferably, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die of vanadium plate and external carbon source; More preferably, cast temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C, and casting time is that 10-60 is advisable second; Further preferably, centrifuge speed is 500-600rpm; Preferably, extract after iron liquid cooling but 2-3min;
5) the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and be incubated, finally cool to room temperature with the furnace, thus form wear-resistant coating at body surface, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix.
Wherein, wear-resistant coating is V
2c dense ceramic layers.
Preferably, by rate-determining steps 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain this V
2c dense ceramic layers; Preferably, V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly.
The present invention also provides a kind of body surface to have the preparation method of the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, comprises the steps:
1) first prepare a vanadium plate, preferably, wherein the purity of vanadium should control at 99.7-99.9%; More preferably, the THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate is at 0.2-3mm; Preferably, described vanadium plate is first by addition surface treatment;
2) according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, accordingly in pipe die inwall fixed outer carbon source, is then reeled according to pipe die inner wall size by the vanadium plate in step 1, itself and external carbon source are combined closely; Preferably, in the Austenitic stainless steel pipe mould inwall fixed outer carbon source of centrifuge;
3) grey cast-iron base material is smelted for iron liquid; Preferably, temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C;
4) be cast in the above-mentioned pipe die being placed with vanadium plate and external carbon source by above-mentioned iron liquid, but extract afterwards until iron liquid cooling, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition, its body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix; Preferably, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die of vanadium plate and external carbon source; More preferably, cast temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C, and casting time is that 10-60 is advisable second; Further preferably, centrifuge speed is 500-600rpm; Preferably, extract after iron liquid cooling but 2-3min;
5) the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and be incubated, finally cool to room temperature with the furnace, thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix;
6) body surface of gained there is gradient composite coating grinding roller by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix.
Preferably, vanadium plate thickness is 0.2-3mm; If be less than 0.2mm, then vanadium plate just complete reaction in cast recombination process, can not obtain V
2c organizes, and directly generates Dispersed precipitate V
8c
7; Then cause diffusion length to increase more than 3mm, reaction power is not enough.
Preferably, by strict rate-determining steps 5) in holding temperature and the relation of time, obtain described accurate monocrystalline phase V
2c dense ceramic layers.This ceramic layer presents comparatively obvious accurate single crystal organization, and show as crystal boundary under light microscope and reduce, affect the dislocation also corresponding minimizing of fracture toughness, the sub boundary in generation increases, and effectively improves the anti-crack ability of this ceramic layer.
Preferably, by rate-determining steps 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain this gradient composite coating and carbide coating, described carbide coating comprises the accurate monocrystalline phase V of distribution gradient successively
2c dense ceramic layers, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers, V
8c
7with the fused layer of matrix.
More preferably, above-mentioned steps 5) in holding temperature, temperature retention time and the gross thickness of gradient composite coating that finally can obtain meet following formula,
L＝kTlogt
1/2+b
0
Wherein:
The gross thickness (μm) of L---gradient composite coating,
K---be constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T---holding temperature (K),
T---temperature retention time (s),
B
0---original depth (μm), the thickness of the composite bed namely formed after iron liquid casting and between vanadium plate.
To sum up, described gradient composite coating, comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers, hardness is high.Described V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, the arrangement of atom unlike monocrystalline there is identical lattice like that, but still there is strict order, present geometry arrangement; Uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and atomic arrangement is more orderly.Accurate monocrystalline is between polycrystalline phase with monocrystalline phase, and compared to polycrystalline phase, the crystal boundary of accurate monocrystalline phase obviously reduces, and dislocation density is low, has more sub boundary, and therefore hardness has obvious lifting; And than monocrystalline phase, it requires lower to preparation method, and organize more stable.
Preferably, in step 1) in, surface-treated step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the hydrogen peroxide of the hydrochloric acid of 300ml/L or the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L or 120ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, selects the hydrogen peroxide of the hydrofluoric acid of 300ml/L or the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L or 240ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 800-1200 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.
More preferably, step 2) in external carbon source be graphite paper or graphite powder; Preferably, described graphite paper is more than three grades, and purity is 85-99%, and thickness is 0.1-0.35mm; Preferably, described graphite powder selects granularity at 600-1000 order, and purity is 85-99%.
It should be noted that pipe die need not preheat when pipe die inwall fixes graphite paper; And when pipe die inwall anchor stone ink powder, spraying process need be adopted, namely will suspend graphite powder is driven to nozzle place with compressed air or other power, the rotation pipe die inwall being preheated to l50 ~ 250 DEG C is sprayed on mist, utilize the dry graphite bisque of pipe die heat, the uniform graphite bisque of thickness can be obtained.
Preferably, step 5) in, be warming up to 1000-1160 DEG C, programming rate controls at 5-7 DEG C/min, and temperature retention time is 6-12h, preferred 8-10h.
Preferably, protection gas is argon gas or nitrogen, and gas flow is 5-8ml/min.
Wherein, holding temperature should be strict controlled in above-mentioned scope, and temperature is higher than 1160 DEG C, and the liquid phase in course of reaction is too much, and makes V
2c is transformed into V
8c
7, and accurate monocrystalline phase V can not be obtained
2c; But temperature is lower than 1000 DEG C, then the solubility of V is too low, and reaction cannot be carried out by forward.Same, temperature retention time also should keep one reasonably interval, the time more than 12h, nearly all V
2c can change V into
8c
7, and lower than 6h, then react the V of acquisition
2very little, coating layer thickness is difficult to ensure C, and best should remain on 8-10h.
More preferably, the grinding roller complex with carbide coating is by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, and heat treatment step is: heat-treat at about 550-800 DEG C, and matrix is pearlitic structrure; Or heat-treat at 220-450 DEG C, matrix is bainite structure; Or heat-treat below 220 DEG C, matrix is martensitic structure.
Described grinding roller take grey cast-iron as matrix, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT100, HT150, HT200, HT250, HT300 or HT350, and phosphorus content is 2.7-3.6%, see GB GB9439-88.Matrix according to heat treatment mode be not all in pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, austenite and sorbite one or more.
The present invention obtains the grinding roller complex of grey cast-iron matrix+vanadium by casting especially centrifugal casting after, introduce external carbon source, directly carbide coating can be formed at the body surface of grinding roller in the mode adding thermal diffusion, it is metallurgical binding between carbide coating and roller core matrix, adhesion is very strong, and overcome non-metallurgical binding between existing hard particles and metallic matrix, adhesion is very weak, particle holds caducous problem, has increased substantially the mechanical property of coating.And the method is simple to operate, without the need to complex device, the grinding roller of acquisition is functional.Different heat treatment modes, makes grinding roller have different mechanical properties, meets the requirement of actual production.Due to the formation of the accurate single-crystal ceramic layer of surface compact, this ceramic layer presents comparatively obvious accurate single crystal organization, shows as crystal boundary and reduces, affect the dislocation also corresponding minimizing of fracture toughness under light microscope, the sub boundary in generation increases, and effectively improves the anti-crack ability of this ceramic layer.Therefore body surface has higher hardness HRC60-72, and relative wear resistance is 10-20 times of matrix.Described relative wear resistance is defined as: take matrix material as standard specimen, in identical abrasive grain, same load, after disk rotates same number of turns with same rotational speed, tested coating produces the relative wear resistance that ratio that wear extent and standard specimen produce wear extent is called coating, therefore be several times of matrix also referred to as the relative wear resistance of coating, the examination criteria of following identical parameters is identical with it.
This is due to V wherein
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion single crystal organization, chemical stability and wearability good, there is low-friction coefficient, high rigidity, low-surface-energy and low thermal conductiv-ity.And micron V on the other side
8c
7the hardness of ceramic layer can only reach HRC40-62, and its relative wear resistance is 6-10 times of matrix.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Outer carbon source (graphite paper or graphite powder) and the layout drawing of vanadium plate in austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die before Fig. 1 spun casting;
The partial enlarged drawing that composite grinding roll after Fig. 2 heat treatment and sample intercept.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate 1, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.7%.Described vanadium plate 1 should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the hydrochloric acid of 300ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, selects the hydrofluoric acid of 300ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 800 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate 1 is at 0.2mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is roll body surface, accordingly in pipe die 2 inwall fixed outer carbon source 3, external carbon source 3 is graphite paper, described graphite paper is more than three grades, purity 85%, and thickness is 0.1mm, then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite paper combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1350 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT100, and phosphorus content is 2.7%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is poured into above-mentionedly be placed with in the pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite paper, pouring temperature controls at 1350 DEG C, the duration of pouring is be advisable for 10 seconds, according to centrifugal casting, centrifuge speed is 500rpm, extracts, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition after molten metal cooling 2min, its body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1, and roller core 4 is HT100 matrix.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1000 DEG C; programming rate controls at 5 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 6h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT100 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is argon gas, and gas flow is 5ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at about 700 DEG C, and matrix is pearlitic structrure.
Gained gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 20 μm; Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 7 μm, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 90%.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 15 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 75%, its crystallite dimension is 5 μm.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 121 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 20%, its crystallite dimension is 5 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 143 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is pearlite.Body surface carbide coating has higher hardness HRC60, and relative wear resistance is 10 times of matrix.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate 1, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.8%.Described vanadium plate 1 should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 1000 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate 1 is at 1mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is roll body surface, accordingly in the austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die 2 inwall fixed outer carbon source 3 of centrifuge, external carbon source 3 is graphite paper, described graphite paper is more than three grades, purity 99%, and thickness is 0.2mm, then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite paper combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1370 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT150, and phosphorus content is 3.0%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is poured into by centrifugal casting be above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite paper, pouring temperature controls at 1370 DEG C, the duration of pouring is be advisable for 20 seconds, centrifuge speed is 500-600rpm, extract after molten metal cooling 2-3min, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition, its roller core 4 is grey cast-iron matrix, and roll body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1050 DEG C; programming rate controls at 7 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 7h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT150 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is argon gas, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at 500 DEG C, and matrix is bainite structure.
Described gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 22 μm; Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 10 μm; Wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 80%.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 50 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 78%, its crystallite dimension is 7 μm.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 415 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 60%, its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 475 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is bainite.Body surface has higher hardness HRC64, and relative wear resistance is 12 times of matrix.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate 1, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.8%.Described vanadium plate 1 should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, the hydrogen peroxide of 120ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 1000 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate 1 is at 0.35mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is roll body surface, accordingly in the austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die 2 inwall fixed outer carbon source 3 of centrifuge, external carbon source 3 is graphite paper, described graphite paper is more than three grades, purity 95%, and thickness is 0.35mm, then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite paper combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1390 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT200, and phosphorus content is 3.6%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is poured into by centrifugal casting be above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite paper, pouring temperature controls at 1390 DEG C, the duration of pouring is be advisable for 30 seconds, centrifuge speed is 550rpm, extract after molten metal cooling 3min, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition, its roller core 4 is grey cast-iron matrix, and roll body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1080 DEG C; programming rate controls at 7 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 9h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT200 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 8ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at 220 DEG C, and matrix is martensitic structure.
Described gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 25 μm; Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 12 μm; Wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 95%.
Further, comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 55 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 80%, its crystallite dimension is 10 μm.
Further, can also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 652 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 75%, its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 719 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is martensite.Body surface has higher hardness HRC71, and relative wear resistance is 18 times of matrix.
Embodiment 4: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate 1, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.9%.Described vanadium plate 1 should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 1200 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate 1 is at 3mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, first spraying process is adopted graphite powder to be sprayed on rotation austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die 2 inwall being preheated to l50 DEG C accordingly, utilize the dry graphite bisque of the heat of pipe die 2, the uniform graphite bisque of thickness can be obtained.Described graphite powder selects granularity at 600 orders, and purity is 85%.Then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite bisque combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1410 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT250, and phosphorus content is 2.7%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite bisque, pipe die 2 need not preheat, cast temperature controls at 1410 DEG C, casting time is be advisable for 40 seconds, centrifuge speed is 550rpm, extracts, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition after molten metal cooling 3min, its roller core 4 is grey cast-iron matrix, and roll body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1160 DEG C; programming rate controls at 7 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 12h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT250 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 5ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at 220 DEG C, and matrix is martensitic structure.
Described gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 50 μm, and along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 25 μm, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 95%.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 90 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 80%, its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 1090 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 55%, its crystallite dimension is 20 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 1205 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is martensite.Body surface has higher hardness HRC72, and relative wear resistance is 20 times of matrix.
Embodiment 5: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate 1, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.7%.Described vanadium plate 1 should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the hydrochloric acid of 300ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 800 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate 1 is at 0.2mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, first spraying process is adopted graphite powder to be sprayed on rotation austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die 2 inwall being preheated to 200 DEG C accordingly, utilize the dry graphite bisque of the heat of pipe die 2, the uniform graphite bisque of thickness can be obtained.Described graphite powder selects granularity at 800 orders, and purity is 89%.Then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite bisque combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1430 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT300, and phosphorus content is 3.0%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite bisque, pipe die 2 need not preheat, cast temperature controls at 1430 DEG C, casting time is be advisable for 50 seconds, centrifuge speed is 500rpm, extracts, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition after molten metal cooling 2min, its roller core 4 is grey cast-iron matrix, and roll body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1150 DEG C; programming rate controls at 7 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 8h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT300 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 7ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at about 750 DEG C, and matrix is pearlitic structrure.
Described gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 42 μm; Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 20 μm; Wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 80%.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7fine and close close ceramic layer 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 75 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 78%, its crystallite dimension is 14 μm.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 1002 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 60%, its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 1097 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is pearlite.Body surface has higher hardness HRC66, and relative wear resistance is 14 times of matrix.
Embodiment 6: the preparation method of grinding roller, comprises the steps:
1, first prepare a vanadium plate, wherein the purity of vanadium should control 99.9%, if purity does not reach above-mentioned requirements, such as, adopts vanadium-containing alloy plate then will be difficult to obtain accurate single crystal organization.Described vanadium plate should first by surface treatment in addition, and step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the hydrogen peroxide of 120ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 1200 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.The THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate is at 1.5mm.
2, according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, first spraying process is adopted graphite powder to be sprayed on rotation austenitic stainless steel taper pipe die 2 inwall being preheated to 250 DEG C accordingly, utilize the dry graphite bisque of the heat of pipe die 2, the uniform graphite bisque of thickness can be obtained.Described graphite powder selects granularity at 1000 orders, and purity is 99%.Then the vanadium plate 1 in step 1 is reeled according to pipe die 2 inner wall size, make itself and graphite bisque combine closely (Fig. 1).
3, smelt grey cast-iron base material for iron liquid, temperature controls at 1450 DEG C, and selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT350, and phosphorus content is 3.0%.
4, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die 2 of vanadium plate 1 and graphite bisque, pipe die 2 need not preheat, cast temperature controls at 1450 DEG C, casting time is be advisable for 60 seconds, centrifuge speed is 600rpm, extracts, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition after molten metal cooling 3min, its roller core 4 is grey cast-iron matrix, and roll body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate 1.
5, the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred to very soon in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and heat-treat; heat treatment process parameter is for being warming up to 1100 DEG C; programming rate controls at 7 DEG C/min; temperature retention time is 10h; finally cool to room temperature with the furnace; thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core 4 is still HT350 matrix (Fig. 2).Described protection gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 8ml/min.
6, the body surface of gained has the grinding roller of gradient composite coating, and by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix, heat treatment step is: heat-treat at about 450 DEG C, and matrix is bainite structure.
Described gradient composite coating comprises V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, be as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 36 μm; Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 18 μm; Wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is 95%.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2micron V under C dense ceramic layers 5
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 70 μm, V
8c
7volume fraction be 90%, its crystallite dimension is 12 μm.
Further, also comprise and be positioned at above-mentioned accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5 and micron V
8c
7v under dense ceramic layers 6
8c
7with the fused layer 7 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 970 μm, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 85%, its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.Now, described carbide coating is composite coating, by described accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers 5, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers 6 and V
8c
7form with the fused layer 7 of matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 1058 μm.Described grinding roller matrix is bainite.Body surface has higher hardness HRC69, and relative wear resistance is 16 times of matrix.
Comparative example 1, its preparation method is as follows: with laser cladding directly by V
8c
7the cladding of vanadium carbide particle, at the working face of grinding roller, obtains coating, and thickness is 30 μm, and volume fraction is 80%, and the average microhardness of gained coating is HRC45, and relative wear resistance is 3.62 times of matrix.
In comparative example, Laser Surface Modification Technology production cost is high, and production efficiency is low, and technological parameter is wayward, and uses bonding agent will cause pore and slag inclusion in use procedure; And in fused layer, there is not accurate monocrystalline V
2c dense ceramic layers and micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers, fused layer thickness and V
8c
7content is less, V
8c
7crystallite dimension is larger; Simultaneously, recombination process is only externally add the intergranular gap of hard vanadium carbide to carry out casting and blend and carry out melting, sintering to additional particle, non-metallurgical binding between hard vanadium carbide particle and metallic matrix, adhesion is very weak, particle easily comes off or there is oxidation, Inclusion Problem, therefore, its mechanical property is poor.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. a grinding roller, has wear-resistant coating at its body surface, it is characterized in that: described wear-resistant coating is V
2c dense ceramic layers.
2. grinding roller as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly.
3. grinding roller as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: along V
2c dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 7-25 μm, is preferably 9-25 μm, is more preferably 15-25 μm; Preferably, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is greater than 80%, is preferably greater than 90%; Preferably, V
2c crystallite dimension is 20-50 μm, is preferably 30-50 μm.
4. a grinding roller, has gradient composite coating at its body surface, it is characterized in that:: described gradient composite coating is carbide coating, comprises the V of distribution gradient successively
2c dense ceramic layers, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers, V
8c
7with the fused layer of matrix.
5. grinding roller as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly.
6. the grinding roller as described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that: along V
2c dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 7-25 μm, is preferably 9-25 μm, is more preferably 15-25 μm; Preferably, wherein V
2the volume fraction of C is greater than 80%, is preferably greater than 90%; Preferably, V
2c crystallite dimension is 20-50 μm, is preferably 30-50 μm.
7. the grinding roller as described in one of claim 4-6, is characterized in that: along micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers longitudinal profile, its thickness is 15-90 μm, is preferably 40-90 μm, is more preferably 70-90 μm; Preferably, V
8c
7volume fraction be greater than 70%, be preferably greater than 75%; Preferably, V
8c
7crystallite dimension be 5-15 μm, be preferably 6-15 μm, be more preferably 8-15 μm.
8. the grinding roller as described in one of claim 4-7, is characterized in that: along V
8c
7with the fused layer longitudinal profile of matrix, its thickness is 121 μm-1090 μm, preferred 300-1090 μm; Preferably, wherein V
8c
7volume fraction be 20%-85%, be preferably 50%-85%; Preferably, V
8c
7crystallite dimension be 5-20 μm, be preferably 10-20 μm.
9. the grinding roller as described in one of claim 4-8, is characterized in that: gradient composite coating gross thickness is 143-1205 μm, preferably at 400-1200 μm.
10. the grinding roller as described in one of claim 4-9, is characterized in that: organize according to heat treatment be not all in pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, austenite and sorbite one or more; Preferably, this gradient composite coating is applied in grey cast-iron surface.
The preparation method of 11. 1 kinds of grinding rollers as described in one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, body surface has wear-resistant coating, comprises the steps:
1) first prepare a vanadium plate, preferably, wherein the purity of vanadium should control at 99.7-99.9%; More preferably, the THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate is at 0.2-3mm; Preferably, described vanadium plate is first by addition surface treatment;
2) according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, accordingly in pipe die inwall fixed outer carbon source, is then reeled according to pipe die inner wall size by the vanadium plate in step 1, itself and external carbon source are combined closely; Preferably, in the Austenitic stainless steel pipe mould inwall fixed outer carbon source of centrifuge;
3) grey cast-iron base material is smelted for iron liquid; Preferably, temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C;
4) be cast in the above-mentioned pipe die being placed with vanadium plate and external carbon source by above-mentioned iron liquid, but extract afterwards until iron liquid cooling, obtain the composite grinding roll of as cast condition, its body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix; Preferably, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die of vanadium plate and external carbon source; More preferably, cast temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C, and casting time is that 10-60 is advisable second; Further preferably, centrifuge speed is 500-600rpm; Preferably, extract after iron liquid cooling but 2-3min;
5) the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and be incubated, finally cool to room temperature with the furnace, thus form wear-resistant coating at body surface, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix;
Wherein, wear-resistant coating is V
2c dense ceramic layers.
The preparation method of 12. grinding rollers as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that: V
2c dense ceramic layers is as the criterion monocrystalline phase, and described accurate monocrystalline refers to mutually, between polycrystalline phase and monocrystalline mutually between, compared to polycrystalline phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary obviously reduces, and the microscopic structure that atomic arrangement is more orderly; Preferably, step 5) in obtain this V by controlling temperature retention time, holding temperature
2c dense ceramic layers.
The preparation method of 13. 1 kinds of grinding rollers as described in one of claim 4-10, is characterized in that, body surface has gradient composite coating, comprises the steps:
1) first prepare a vanadium plate, preferably, wherein the purity of vanadium should control at 99.7-99.9%; More preferably, the THICKNESS CONTROL of described vanadium plate is at 0.2-3mm; Preferably, described vanadium plate is first by addition surface treatment;
2) according to the work force-bearing situation of grinding roller, the position of its key wear is body surface, accordingly in pipe die inwall fixed outer carbon source, is then reeled according to pipe die inner wall size by the vanadium plate in step 1, itself and external carbon source are combined closely; Preferably, in the Austenitic stainless steel pipe mould inwall fixed outer carbon source of centrifuge;
3) grey cast-iron base material is smelted for iron liquid; Preferably, temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C;
4) be cast in the above-mentioned pipe die being placed with vanadium plate and external carbon source by above-mentioned iron liquid, but extract afterwards until iron liquid cooling, obtain the grinding roller of as cast condition, its body surface is the complex of grey cast-iron and vanadium plate, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix; Preferably, above-mentioned iron liquid is cast to by centrifugal casting is above-mentionedly placed with in the centrifuge pipe die of vanadium plate and external carbon source; More preferably, cast temperature controls at 1350-1450 DEG C, and casting time is that 10-60 is advisable second; Further preferably, centrifuge speed is 500-600rpm; Preferably, extract after iron liquid cooling but 2-3min;
5) the as cast condition composite grinding roll extracted is transferred in the heat-treatment furnace with protective atmosphere and be incubated, finally cool to room temperature with the furnace, thus form gradient composite coating at body surface, and roller core is still grey cast-iron matrix;
6) body surface of gained there is gradient composite coating grinding roller by further heat treatment to obtain more suitably matrix.
The preparation method of 14. grinding rollers as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: by rate-determining steps 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain this gradient composite coating and carbide coating, described carbide coating comprises the accurate monocrystalline phase V of distribution gradient successively
2c dense ceramic layers, micron V
8c
7dense ceramic layers, V
8c
7with the fused layer of matrix.
The preparation method of 15. grinding rollers as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that: in step 5) in holding temperature, temperature retention time and the gross thickness of gradient composite coating that finally can obtain meet following formula,
L＝kTlogt
1/2+b
0
Wherein:
The gross thickness (μm) of L---gradient composite coating,
K---be constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T---holding temperature (K),
T---temperature retention time (s),
B
0---original depth (μm), the thickness of the composite bed namely formed after iron liquid casting and between vanadium plate.
The preparation method of 16. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-15, is characterized in that: described step 1) in, surface-treated step is as follows:
First step pickling, selects the hydrogen peroxide of the hydrochloric acid of 300ml/L or the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L or 120ml/L, rear running water;
Second step pickling, selects the hydrogen peroxide of the hydrofluoric acid of 300ml/L or the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L or 240ml/L, rear running water;
3rd step surface finish, selects 800-1200 object Al
2o
3sand paper, finally uses alcohol ultrasonic cleaning.
The preparation method of 17. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-16, is characterized in that: described step 2) in external carbon source be graphite paper or graphite powder; Preferably, described graphite paper is more than three grades, and purity is 85-99%, and thickness is 0.1-0.35mm; Preferably, described graphite powder selects granularity at 600-1000 order, and purity is 85-99%.
The preparation method of 18. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-17, is characterized in that: described step 5) in, be warming up to 1000-1160 DEG C, programming rate controls at 5-7 DEG C/min, and temperature retention time is 6-12h, preferred 8-10h.
The preparation method of 19. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-18, it is characterized in that: selected grey cast-iron matrix is HT100, HT150, HT200, HT250, HT300 or HT350, phosphorus content is 2.7-3.6%.
The preparation method of 20. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-19, it is characterized in that: described protection gas is argon gas or nitrogen, gas flow is 5-8ml/min.
The preparation method of 21. grinding rollers as described in one of claim 13-20, it is characterized in that: described step 6) in heat treatment step be: heat-treat at about 800-550 DEG C, matrix is pearlitic structrure, or, heat-treat at 220-550 DEG C, matrix is bainite structure, or, heat-treat below 220 DEG C, matrix is martensitic structure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108676986A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-19 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of heat treatment process of ceramics enhancing iron base composite material |
| CN110369045A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-25 | 枣庄鑫金山智能机械股份有限公司 | A kind of sand making machine crusher chamber abrasion-proof structure |
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| CN101412088A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant composite shutter |
| CN103556147A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-05 | 张兵权 | Method for preparing composite ceramic alloy layer on grinding roller/lining tile through plasma wire filling and powder feeding |
| CN103849789A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-11 | 江苏新亚特钢锻造有限公司 | Multielement coupled bionic remanufactured wear-resistant material for grinding roller, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101073786A (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2007-11-21 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Composite-material abrasive roller of tungsten carbide grain reinforced metal base and its production |
| CN101412088A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant composite shutter |
| CN101412096A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2009-04-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing primary column/ribbon hard point composite wear-resistant roller |
| CN103556147A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-05 | 张兵权 | Method for preparing composite ceramic alloy layer on grinding roller/lining tile through plasma wire filling and powder feeding |
| CN103849789A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-11 | 江苏新亚特钢锻造有限公司 | Multielement coupled bionic remanufactured wear-resistant material for grinding roller, and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108676986A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-19 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of heat treatment process of ceramics enhancing iron base composite material |
| CN110369045A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-25 | 枣庄鑫金山智能机械股份有限公司 | A kind of sand making machine crusher chamber abrasion-proof structure |
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