CN104525900B - Wear resistant carbide coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear resistant carbide coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525900B CN104525900B CN201410657389.7A CN201410657389A CN104525900B CN 104525900 B CN104525900 B CN 104525900B CN 201410657389 A CN201410657389 A CN 201410657389A CN 104525900 B CN104525900 B CN 104525900B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
Abstract
A kind of wear resistant carbide coating, including quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers, can also further include the fused layer of micron TiC ceramic layers and TiC and matrix.The fused layer of the quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers, micron TiC ceramic layers and TiC and matrix distribution gradient successively.Metal base surface can be applied in.The present invention is by casting the metallic matrix for obtaining and titanium complex, the outer carbon source of outer introducing, and heat, be incubated, so as to form carbide coating in metal base surface, it is metallurgical binding between the coating and matrix, adhesion is very strong, overcome non-metallurgical binding between existing hard particles and metallic matrix, adhesion is very weak, and particle holds caducous problem, and the anti-wear performance of metal base surface is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wear resistant carbide coating and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of painting of complex abrasion-proof carbide
Layer and preparation method thereof, and in particular to a kind of to be applied to the complex abrasion-proof carbide coating on carbon steel surface and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Carbide material has the characteristics of hardness is high, abrasion resistance properties are superior, is covered in metal alloy base with coating way
The wearability of the parts prepared by matrix material and life-span can be improved in body surface face.Wherein TiC is a kind of common coating material
Material, which has following characteristic：
(1) possess that density is low, intensity is high, elastic modelling quantity is high, the excellent physical chemistry such as anti-oxidant, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant
Energy；
(2) growing up in sintering process, tendency is little, and particle is typically rounded, is a kind of ideal reinforcing material；
(3) titanium resource enriches, and is readily available, less expensive, and titanium carbide is obtained in metal-base composites generally
Using；
(4) face-centred cubic structure with very high heat endurance and high rigidity, lattice paprmeter and lattice types and Ovshinsky
Closely, this is easy to preferably be combined with steel substrate body；
(5) the standard enthalpy of formation △ G of TiC0Value is low, and its synthetic reaction is easy to carry out；
(6) steel-based composite material of TiC coatings except hardness is high, wearability well in addition to, machinable, forging, welding,
Heat treatment reinforcement and deform little, and the cold and hot working performance with common steel-smelting.
Therefore, TiC coating materials are widely used as chipless cold/hot metal machining tool, cutting tool, various moulds, resistance to
The wearing face of mill heat-proof corrosion-resistant part.
The method for preparing carbide coating at present has chemical vapour deposition technique, physical vaporous deposition, heat spraying method, heat
, there is production equipment and require harshness, low production efficiency, the low deficiency of anchoring strength of coating in plating method etc., but these methods.
Therefore the coating of TiC Carbide Phases how is obtained, and selects the system that a kind of production equipment is simple, technological process is short
Preparation Method, it is urgently to be resolved hurrily asking to obtain with the coating that basal body binding force is good, difficult for drop-off and mechanical property, anti-wear performance are excellent
Topic.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of wear resistant carbide coating, the wear resistant carbide coating is TiC ceramic of compact
Layer, with good hardness, and further, there is provided a kind of preparation method for obtaining wear resistant carbide coating.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of wear resistant carbide coating, and which is gradient composite coating, and which is preferably coated
In metal base surface, to improve the wearability and fracture toughness on its surface, particularly carbon steel surface, and one kind is provided it is used for
Obtain the preparation method of above-mentioned coating.
To realize the object of the invention, following technical scheme is present invention employs：
A kind of wear resistant carbide coating, the wear resistant carbide coating are TiC dense ceramic layers；Preferably, TiC ceramic of compact
Layer is defined monocrystalline phase, and the quasi- monocrystalline is mutually referred to, between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase, compared to many crystalline phases, uniform orientation
High, crystal boundary is significantly reduced, and the more orderly microscopic structure of atomic arrangement.
It is highly preferred that along TiC dense ceramic layers longitudinal profiles, its thickness is 70-200 μm, preferably 100-200 μm, more
Preferably 120-200 μm；Preferably, the volume fraction of TiC is more than 80%, preferably greater than 90%；Preferably, TiC crystallite dimensions
For 8-50 μm, preferably 10-50 μm.
Additionally, the present invention also provides a kind of wear resistant carbide coating, which is that gradient composite coating includes dividing in gradient successively
The fused layer of the TiC dense ceramic layers of cloth, micron TiC ceramic layers, TiC and matrix.
Preferably, TiC dense ceramic layers are defined monocrystalline phase, and the quasi- monocrystalline is mutually referred to, between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase
Between, compared to many crystalline phases, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary is significantly reduced, and the more orderly microscopic structure of atomic arrangement.
Preferably, along the longitudinal profile of TiC dense ceramic layers, its thickness be 70-200 μm, preferably 100-200 μm, more
Preferably 120-200 μm；Preferably, the volume fraction of TiC is more than 80%, preferably greater than 90%；Preferably, TiC crystallite dimensions
For 8-50 μm, preferably 10-50 μm.
It is further preferred that along the longitudinal profile of micron TiC ceramic layers, its thickness is 50-150 μm, preferably 70-150 μ
M, more preferably 80-150 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is more than 80%, preferably greater than 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 5-15 μm,
Preferably 6-12 μm, preferably 8-10 μm.
Further, along TiC and the fused layer longitudinal profile of metallic matrix, its thickness is 50-200 μm, preferably 100-
200μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 20%, preferably 80%, and its crystallite dimension is 1-10 μm, preferably 2-8 μm.
Preferably, gradient composite coating gross thickness is 170-550 μm；It is preferred that at 300-550 μm.
It is highly preferred that matrix is not all pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, Ovshinsky according to heat treatment mode
One or more in body and sorbite；Preferably, the gradient composite coating is applied in carbon steel surface.
The plain steel specifies that according in standard GB/T 221-79 the trade mark of carbon steel is distinguished used in the present invention
For：Q275A, Q255AF, 45 steel, T12A, T8, ZG270-450 etc..
The invention further relates to the preparation method of the carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1), first prepare a titanium plate；Preferably, the wherein Pureness control of titanium is in 99.7-99.99%；It is highly preferred that the titanium
The THICKNESS CONTROL of plate is in 0.2-3mm.Preferably, the titanium plate is first surface-treated.
2), metal base is smelted for molten metal.
3), above-mentioned molten metal is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate, after cooling, it is under metallic matrix to obtain top
Complex of the portion for titanium plate.
4), by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex.
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, room is finally cooled to the furnace
Temperature, obtains wear resistant carbide coating.
Wherein, wear resistant carbide coating is TiC dense ceramic layers.
Preferably, by rate-determining steps 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain the TiC dense ceramic layers；Preferably,
TiC dense ceramic layers are defined monocrystalline phase, and the quasi- monocrystalline is mutually referred to, between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase, compared to many crystalline phases,
Uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary is significantly reduced, and the more orderly microscopic structure of atomic arrangement.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of wear resistant carbide coating, and which is gradient composite coating, including following step
Suddenly：
1), first prepare a titanium plate；Preferably, the wherein Pureness control of titanium is in 99.7-99.99%；It is highly preferred that the titanium
The THICKNESS CONTROL of plate is in 0.2-3mm；Preferably, the titanium plate is first surface-treated；
2), metal base is smelted for molten metal；
3), above-mentioned molten metal is poured into and is placed with the sand mold of above-mentioned titanium plate, it is that metallic matrix bottom is titanium to obtain top
The complex of plate；
4), by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex；
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, room is finally cooled to the furnace
Temperature, forms gradient composite coating in metallic substrate surface；
6) composite metal with gradient composite coating obtained by is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix
Tissue.Preferably, titanium plate thickness is 0.2mm-3mm.If being less than 0.2mm, titanium plate is just complete in cast recombination process
Reaction, it is impossible to obtain TiC dense ceramic layers, directly generate Dispersed precipitate TiC particles；Diffusion length is then caused to increase more than 3mm,
Reaction power is not enough.
Preferably, by strict rate-determining steps 5) in holding temperature and time relation, obtain quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC and cause
Close ceramic layer.The ceramic layer presents more obvious quasi- single crystal organization, and crystal boundary reduction is shown as under light microscope, affects disconnected
The dislocation for splitting toughness is also accordingly reduced, and instead of sub boundary increases, and effectively improves the anti-crack ability of the ceramic layer.
Preferably, by rate-determining steps 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain the gradient composite coating i.e. carbide and apply
Layer, the carbide coating include the quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers of distribution gradient, micron TiC ceramic layers, TiC successively
With the fused layer of matrix.
It is highly preferred that the gross thickness of holding temperature, temperature retention time and the gradient composite coating being finally obtained in that meets
Equation below,
L=kTlogt1/2+b0
Wherein：
The gross thickness (μm) of L --- gradient composite coating,
K --- it is constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T --- holding temperature (K),
T --- temperature retention time (s),
b0--- the thickness of the composite bed formed between titanium plate after original depth (μm), i.e. pouring metal melt.
To sum up, the gradient composite coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers, hardness are high.The TiC dense ceramic layers are defined
Monocrystalline phase, the quasi- monocrystalline mutually refer to that arrangement monocrystalline unlike of atom has identical lattice like that, but still has strict
Order, present geometry arrangement；Uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary is significantly reduced, and atomic arrangement is more orderly.Quasi- monocrystalline phase
Between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase, compared to many crystalline phases, the crystal boundary of quasi- monocrystalline phase is significantly reduced, and dislocation density is low, has more
Sub boundary, therefore hardness is obviously improved；And than monocrystalline phase, which is lower to preparation method requirement, and organize more stable.
Preferably, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the carbide coating on carbon steel surface, and carbide coating is ladder
Degree composite coating, comprises the steps：
1), first prepare a titanium plate, it is preferable that the titanium plate is first surface-treated；Preferably, the Pureness control of titanium exists
99.7-99.99%；Preferably, the THICKNESS CONTROL of titanium plate is in 0.2-3mm；
2), carbon steel base material is smelted for molten steel；Preferably, temperature control is at 1610-1630 DEG C；
3), above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the sand mold of above-mentioned titanium plate, after cooling, acquisition top is plain steel bottom
For the complex of titanium plate；Preferably, pouring temperature is controlled at 1610-1630 DEG C；It is highly preferred that the duration of pouring is the 40-50 seconds；It is excellent
Selection of land, after one minute, in hot topping；
4), by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex；
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, room is finally cooled to the furnace
Temperature, forms gradient composite coating on carbon steel surface；
6) the carbon steel complex with gradient composite coating obtained by is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix
Tissue.
Preferably, step 5) in holding temperature, temperature retention time and the carbide coating being finally obtained in that gross thickness
Meet equation below,
L=kTlogt1/2+b0
Wherein：
The gross thickness (μm) of L --- gradient composite coating,
K --- it is constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T --- holding temperature (K),
T --- temperature retention time (s),
b0--- the thickness of the composite bed formed between titanium plate after the cast of original depth (μm), i.e. molten steel.
Preferably, in step 1) in, it is as follows the step of surface treatment：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid or the hydrogen peroxide of 120ml/L of the hydrochloric acid or 60ml/L of 300ml/L, rear flowing water punching
Wash；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid or the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L of the hydrofluoric acid or 200ml/L of 300ml/L, rear flowing water
Rinse；
3rd step surface is polished, from 800 mesh or thinner Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.
It is highly preferred that step 4) in carbon source be graphite paper or graphite powder；Preferably, the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.1-0.35mm；Preferably, the graphite powder selects granularity in 600-1000 mesh, and purity is 85-
99%.
Preferably, step 5) in, it is warming up to 1000-1130 DEG C of insulation；Preferably, programming rate is controlled in 5-9 DEG C/min；
Preferably, temperature retention time is 4-12h, preferred 6-10h.
Preferably, selected plain steel is mild steel, medium carbon steel or high-carbon steel.
Preferably, shielding gas is argon gas or nitrogen, and gas flow is 4-8ml/min.
Wherein preferably, holding temperature should be strict controlled in above range, and temperature is higher than 1130 DEG C, in course of reaction
Liquid phase is excessive, and causes quasi- monocrystalline TiC, directly generates Dispersed precipitate TiC particles, and can not obtain quasi- monocrystalline TiC ceramic of compact
Layer；But temperature be less than 1000 DEG C, then the solubility of Ti is too low, reaction cannot forward direction carry out.It is also preferred that temperature retention time
A rational interval should be kept, the time, quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers disappeared more than 12h, and Reaction-diffusion terms generate disperse point
The fusion of cloth TiC particles and matrix, and be less than 4h, then reacting the TiC of acquisition very little, coating layer thickness is difficult to ensure that, optimal should
This is maintained at 6-10h.
It is highly preferred that the carbon steel complex with carbide coating is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix group
Knit；Preferably, it is heat-treated at 550-800 DEG C or so, matrix is pearlitic structrure；Or be heat-treated at 220-450 DEG C,
Matrix is bainite structure；Or in 220 DEG C of heat treated below, matrix is martensitic structure.
The metallic matrix is preferably carbon steel, and plain steel is organized as pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, Ovshinsky
One or more in body and sorbite.The plain steel specifies according in standard GB/T 221-79, is made in the present invention
It is respectively with the trade mark of carbon steel：Q275A, Q255AF, 45 steel, T12A, T8, ZG270-450 etc..
The present invention introduces outer carbon source after casting acquisition metal+titanium complex, in the way of heating diffusion, by control
The relation of holding temperature processed, temperature retention time and coating layer thickness, can form carbide coating, coating and metallic matrix in metal surface
Between be metallurgical binding, adhesion is very strong, overcomes non-metallurgical binding between existing hard particles and metallic matrix, and adhesion is very
Weak, particle holds caducous problem, and the mechanical property of coating is greatly improved.And the method is simple to operate, without the need for complicated
Equipment, and due to the diversity of casting sand mould, it is adaptable to produce wear parts with complex shape, such as teeth etc. mining zero
Part.
On the other hand, the microhardness of double carbide coating of the present invention is up to 3000-3230HV0.05, relative wear resistance
It is 10-22 times of plain steel.The definition of the relative wear resistance is：With matrix material as standard specimen, in identical abrasive grain
Degree, same load, disk are rotated after same number of turns with same rotational speed, and tested coating produces wear extent and produces abrasion with standard specimen
The ratio of amount is referred to as the relative wear resistance of coating, therefore the relative wear resistance of also referred to as coating is several times of matrix, Xia Shuxiang
The examination criteria of same parameter is same.
This is that, as TiC dense ceramic layers therein are defined single crystal organization, chemical stability and wearability are good, rub with low
Wipe coefficient, high rigidity, low-surface-energy and low thermal conductiv-ity.And the hardness of corresponding micron TiC ceramic layers can only achieve
2000-2800HV0.05, its relative wear resistance is 7-9 times of matrix.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is carbon source and titanium plate layout drawing in a mold before casting；
Fig. 2 is gradient composite coating institutional framework schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is defined monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers micro-organization chart；
Fig. 4 is micron TiC ceramic layers micro-organization chart.
In figure, 1. titanium plate, 2. sand mold, 3.TiC dense ceramic layers, 4. micron TiC ceramic layers, the fusion of 5.TiC and matrix
Layer, 6. matrix.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.7%, the titanium plate 1 is first surface-treated,
Step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the hydrochloric acid of 300ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the hydrofluoric acid of 300ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 800 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness control of the titanium plate 1
System is in 0.2mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt Q275A base materials, and temperature control is at 1630 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the sand mold 2 of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, as shown in figure 1, pouring temperature is controlled 1630
DEG C, poring rate 0.8m/s, the duration of pouring are 40 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, acquisition top is Q275A bases
Complex of the body bottom for titanium plate 1.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.1mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 DEG C, heated up
In 5 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 6h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 6 surface of Q275A matrixes
Compound coating,.The shielding gas is argon gas, and gas flow is 4ml/min.6th, the Q275A bases with carbide coating of gained
Body, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix, and heat treatment step is：In 220 DEG C of heat treated below, base
Body 6 is martensitic structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 20 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 110 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 90 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 7 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 90 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 70%, its crystal grain
Size is 3 μm.
To sum up, the coating can be composite coating, as shown in Fig. 2 which includes quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron
The fused layer 5 of TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix, and distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness are 290 μm.The Q275A matrixes
It is organized as pearlite.The microhardness of carbide coating is 3000HV0.05, relative wear resistance is 22 times of Q275A.
Embodiment 2：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.8%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 1.5mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt Q255AF base materials, and temperature control is at 1630 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the sand mold 2 of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature is controlled at 1630 DEG C, cast speed
Degree 0.8m/s, the duration of pouring is 40 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium to obtain top
The complex of plate 1.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.2mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1050 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 6h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 6 surface of Q255AF matrixes
Compound coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, the Q255AF matrixes with carbide coating of gained, are further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix group
Knit, be heat-treated at 700 DEG C or so, matrix 6 is pearlitic structrure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, as shown in figure 3, the monocrystalline phase that is defined, its crystallite dimension is 30
μm；Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 150 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 100 μm, the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 10 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 100 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 65%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 4 μm.
Now, the coating can be composite coating, be by the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4
And the fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness is 350 μm.The Q255AF matrix are pearly-lustre
Body.The microhardness of carbide coating is 3080HV0.05, wearability is 16 times relative to Q255AF matrixes.
Embodiment 3：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.8%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the hydrogen peroxide of 120ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1200 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 2.5mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt Q255AF base materials, and temperature control is at 1630 DEG C.
The 3rd, above-mentioned molten steel poured into the sand mold 2 for being placed with above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1630 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 45 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, obtaining top for 6 bottom of Q255AF matrixes is
The complex of titanium plate 1.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.35mm.
5th, the complex of coated graphite paper is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1100 DEG C, risen
In 9 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 10h to warm speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as in 6 surface shape of Q255AF matrixes
Into carbide coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 7ml/min.
6th, gained Q255AF6 materials, are further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix, are entered at 700 DEG C or so
Row heat treatment, matrix 6 are pearlitic structrure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 40 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 180 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 130 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 13 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 160 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 50%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 8 μm.The fused layer 5 of now described quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix according to
Secondary distribution gradient, its gross thickness are 470 μm, and the Q255AF is pearlite.The hardness of carbide coating is 3120HV0.05,
Wearability is 22 times relative to Q255AF matrixes.
Embodiment 4：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.8%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 3mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt 50 steel substrates, and temperature control is at 1620 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1620 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 45 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.3mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1130 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 12h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 50 steel matrix, 6 surface
Compound coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, 50 steel as matrix material with carbide coating of gained, are further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix
Tissue, is heat-treated at 350 DEG C, and matrix 6 is bainite structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3 are defined monocrystalline phase, its crystallite dimension is 45 μm；It is vertical along coating
To section, its thickness is 200 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 80%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 150 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 80%, and its crystallite dimension is 15 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 200 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 20%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 10 μm.Now, the fused layer 5 of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix
Distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness are 550 μm.50 steel matrix is bainite.The hardness of the carbide coating is
3130HV0.05, wearability is 14 times relative to 50 steel matrix.
Embodiment 5：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.9%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 900 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness control of the titanium plate 1
System is in 2.5mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt T12 base materials, and temperature control is at 1610 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1610 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 45 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.2mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 12h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 6 surface of T12 steel matrix
Compound coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, gained has the T12 steel as matrix material of carbide coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix
Tissue, is heat-treated at 400 DEG C, and matrix 6 is bainite structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 30 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 120 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 85%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 110 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 85%, and its crystallite dimension is 9 μm.
The further TiC also included under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
With the fused layer 5 of matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 120 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 60%, its crystal grain chi
Very little is 5 μm.Now, can be by the fused layer 5 of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix
Distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness are 350 μm.The T12 steel matrix is bainite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3010HV0.05, wearability is 10 times relative to T12 steel matrix.
Embodiment 6：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.8%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 2mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt T8 steel substrates, and temperature control is at 1610 DEG C.3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with above-mentioned titanium
In the mould of plate 1, at 1610 DEG C, poring rate 0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 50 seconds, after one minute, are being emitted for pouring temperature control
Mouth teeming, after cooling, obtains the complex that top is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate 1.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite powder, and graphite powder selects granularity 600
Mesh, purity are 85%.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1050 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 12h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 6 surface of T8 steel matrix
Compound coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, gained has the T8 steel as matrix material of carbide coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix group
Knit, in 220 DEG C of heat treated below, matrix 6 is martensitic structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 35 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 170 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 85%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 120 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 85%, and its crystallite dimension is 12 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 130 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 55%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 6 μm.Now, it is by the fusion of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix
5 distribution gradient successively of layer, its gross thickness are 420 μm.The T8 steel matrix is martensite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3100HV0.05, wearability is 11 times relative to T8 steel matrix.
Embodiment 7：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.9%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 1mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt ZG270-500 base materials, and temperature control is at 1630 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1630 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 50 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite powder, and graphite powder selects granularity 800
Mesh, purity are 90%.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1100 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 6h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as in 6 surface shape of ZG270-500 matrixes
Into carbide coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 8ml/min.
6th, gained has the ZG270-500 matrix materials of carbide coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably
Matrix, in 220 DEG C of heat treated below, matrix 6 is martensitic structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 40 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 160 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 110 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 11 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 120 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 60%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 7 μm.Now, the fused layer 5 of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix
Distribution gradient successively, its gross thickness are 390 μm.The ZG270-500 matrixes are martensite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3110HV0.05, wearability is 19 times relative to ZG270-500 matrixes.
Embodiment 8：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.9%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 1mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt 45 steel substrates, and temperature control is at 1620 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1620 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 50 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and the graphite paper is more than three-level,
Purity 99%, thickness are 0.2mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1130 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 6h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, is carbonized so as to be formed on 45 steel matrix, 6 surface
Thing coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, gained has 45 steel as matrix material of carbide coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably matrix group
Knit, be heat-treated at 600 DEG C or so, matrix 6 is pearlitic structrure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 45 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 170 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 140 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 14 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 180 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 40%, and which is brilliant
Particle size is 9 μm.The fused layer 5 of now described quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix according to
Secondary distribution gradient, its gross thickness are 490 μm.45 steel matrix is pearlite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3130HV0.05, wearability is 13 times of 45 steel matrix.
Embodiment 9：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.9%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1200 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 0.2mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt 50 steel substrates, and temperature control is at 1620 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1620 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 48 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and graphite powder selects granularity 1000
Mesh, purity are 99%, and thickness is 0.3mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 4h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, is carbonized so as to be formed on 50 steel matrix, 6 surface
Thing coating coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, gained has 50 steel as matrix material of carbide coating coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably base
Body is organized, and is heat-treated at 650 DEG C or so, and matrix 6 is pearlitic structrure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 10 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 70 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 50 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 5 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 50 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 80%, its crystal grain
Size is 1 μm.Now, the fused layer 5 of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix according to
Secondary distribution gradient, its gross thickness are 170 μm.50 steel matrix is pearlite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3000HV0.05, wearability is 11 times of 50 steel matrix.
Embodiment 10：The preparation method of carbide coating, comprises the steps：
1st, first prepare a titanium plate 1, the wherein purity of titanium should be controlled 99.8%.The titanium plate 1 should first by surface in addition
Process, step is as follows：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid of 60ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid of 200ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
3rd step surface is polished, from 1000 mesh Al2O3Sand paper, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.The thickness of the titanium plate 1
Control is in 3mm.
2nd, it is molten steel to smelt Q255AF base materials, and temperature control is at 1630 DEG C.
3rd, above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate 1, pouring temperature control at 1630 DEG C, poring rate
0.7m/s, the duration of pouring are 48 seconds, and after one minute, after hot topping, cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
1 complex.
4th, by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex, the carbon source is graphite paper, and graphite powder selects granularity 800
Mesh, purity are 95%, and thickness is 0.2mm.
5th, the complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1050 DEG C, heated up
In 7 DEG C/min, temperature retention time is 4h to speeds control, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so as to form carbon on 6 surface of Q255AF matrixes
Compound coating.The shielding gas is nitrogen, and gas flow is 6ml/min.
6th, gained has the Q255AF plain steel materials of carbide coating, is further heat-treated to obtain more suitably
Matrix, is heat-treated at 300 DEG C or so, and matrix 6 is bainite structure.
The carbide coating, including TiC dense ceramic layers 3, be defined monocrystalline phase, and its crystallite dimension is 25 μm；Along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 90 μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 90%.
Further, including the micron TiC ceramic layers 4 under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, along coating
Longitudinal profile, its thickness are 70 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 90%, and its crystallite dimension is 8 μm.
Further also include under above-mentioned quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3 and micron TiC ceramic layers 4
The fused layer 5 of TiC and matrix, along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 70 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 70%, its crystal grain
Size is 2 μm.Now, the fused layer 5 of the quasi- monocrystalline TiC dense ceramic layers 3, micron TiC ceramic layers 4 and TiC and matrix according to
Secondary distribution gradient, its gross thickness are 230 μm.The Q255AF plain steels are bainite.The hardness of carbide coating is
3020HV0.05, wearability is 20 times of Q255AF.
Comparative example 1, its preparation method is as follows：With laser cladding directly by titanium carbide granule cladding on carbon steel surface, obtain
To coating, thickness is 130 μm, and volume fraction is 80%, and the hardness of gained coating is 2000HV0.05, wearability is relative to base steel
Body is 7 times.
In comparative example, Laser Surface Modification Technology production cost is high, and low production efficiency, technological parameter are wayward, and uses
During will cause pore and slag inclusion using bonding agent；And do not occur TiC dense ceramic layers in composite bed and micron TiC is ceramic
Layer, fused layer thickness and TiC contents it is less, TiC crystallite dimensions are larger；Meanwhile, recombination process is only external stiffened matter carbonization
The intergranular gap of titanium carries out casting and blends additional particle is carried out melting, sintered, non-between hard titanium carbide granule and metallic matrix
Metallurgical binding, adhesion are very weak, and particle easily comes off or exist oxidation, Inclusion Problem, therefore, its mechanical property is poor.
Claims (34)
1. a kind of wear resistant carbide coating, it is characterised in that：The wear resistant carbide coating is TiC dense ceramic layers, wherein, institute
State TiC dense ceramic layers to be defined monocrystalline phase, the quasi- monocrystalline is mutually referred to, between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase, compared to polycrystalline
Phase, uniform orientation is high, crystal boundary is reduced, and the more orderly microscopic structure of atomic arrangement；
Along coating longitudinal profile, its thickness is 70-200 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 8-50 μ more than 80%, TiC crystallite dimensions
m。
2. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Along coating longitudinal profile, its described thickness is
100-200 μm, the volume fraction of the TiC is more than 90%, and the TiC crystallite dimensions are 10-50 μm.
3. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Along coating longitudinal profile, its described thickness is
120-200μm。
4. a kind of wear resistant carbide coating, it is characterised in that：The wear resistant carbide coating is gradient composite coating, including successively
The fused layer of the TiC dense ceramic layers of distribution gradient, micron TiC ceramic layers, TiC and matrix, wherein, the fine and close potteries of the TiC
Enamel coating is defined monocrystalline phase, and the quasi- monocrystalline is mutually referred to, between many crystalline phases and monocrystalline phase, compared to many crystalline phases, uniform orientation
Property high, crystal boundary reduce, and the more orderly microscopic structure of atomic arrangement；Along TiC dense ceramic layers longitudinal profiles, its thickness is
70-200μm；Wherein the volume fraction of TiC is more than 80%；TiC crystallite dimensions are 8-50 μm.
5. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Along TiC dense ceramic layers longitudinal profiles, its institute
Thickness is stated for 100-200 μm, the volume fraction of the TiC is more than 90%, and the TiC crystallite dimensions are 10-50 μm.
6. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Along TiC dense ceramic layers longitudinal profiles, its
The thickness is 120-200 μm.
7. the wear resistant carbide coating as described in one of claim 4-6, it is characterised in that：Longitudinally cut open along micron TiC ceramic layers
Face, its thickness are 50-150 μm, and the volume fraction of TiC is 5-15 μm more than the crystallite dimension of 80%, TiC.
8. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Along micron TiC ceramic layer longitudinal profiles, its institute
Thickness is stated for 70-150 μm, the volume fraction of the TiC is more than 90%, and the crystallite dimension of the TiC is 6-12 μm.
9. wear resistant carbide coating as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：Along micron TiC ceramic layer longitudinal profiles, its institute
Thickness is stated for 80-150 μm, the crystallite dimension of the TiC is 8-10 μm.
10. the wear resistant carbide coating such as claim 4-6, described in one of 8-9, it is characterised in that：Along TiC and metallic matrix
Fused layer longitudinal profile, its thickness are 50 μm -200 μm, and wherein the volume fraction of TiC is 20% or 80%, the crystalline substance of TiC in this layer
Particle size is 1-10 μm.
11. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that：Indulge with the fused layer of metallic matrix along TiC
To section, its described thickness is 100-200 μm, and the crystallite dimension of TiC described in this layer is 2-8 μm.
12. such as claim 4-6,8-9, the wear resistant carbide coating described in one of 11, it is characterised in that：Gradient composite coating is total
Thickness is 170-550 μm.
13. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 12, it is characterised in that：The gradient composite coating gross thickness is
300-550μm。
14. such as claim 4-6,8-9, the wear resistant carbide coating described in one of 11,13, it is characterised in that：Matrix root
One or more in pearlite, martensite, ferrite, bainite, austenite and sorbite are not all according to heat treatment.
15. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that：The gradient composite coating is applied in carbon steel
Surface.
16. a kind of preparation methods of the wear resistant carbide coating as described in one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
1), first prepare a titanium plate, wherein, in 99.7-99.99%, the THICKNESS CONTROL of the titanium plate is in 0.2- for the Pureness control of titanium
3mm；
2), metallic matrix is smelted for molten metal；
3), above-mentioned molten metal is poured into and is placed with the sand mold of above-mentioned titanium plate, it is that metallic matrix bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
Complex；
4), by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex；
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace, is obtained
Obtain wear resistant carbide coating；
Wherein, wear resistant carbide coating is TiC dense ceramic layers.
The preparation method of 17. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that：In step 1) in, it is described
Titanium plate is first surface-treated.
The preparation method of the 18. wear resistant carbide coatings as described in one of claim 16-17, it is characterised in that：By control
Step 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain the TiC dense ceramic layers.
A kind of 19. preparation methods of the wear resistant carbide coating as described in one of claim 4-14, which is gradient composite coating, its
It is characterised by, comprises the steps：
1), first prepare a titanium plate；
2), metallic matrix is smelted for molten metal；
3), above-mentioned molten metal is poured into and is placed with the sand mold of above-mentioned titanium plate, it is that metallic matrix bottom is titanium plate to obtain top
Complex；
4), by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex；
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace,
Metal base surface forms gradient composite coating；
6), the composite metal with gradient composite coating of gained is further heat-treated to obtain matrix.
The preparation method of 20. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 19, it is characterised in that：In step 1) in, wherein
The Pureness control of titanium is in 99.7-99.99%；The THICKNESS CONTROL of the titanium plate is in 0.2-3mm；The titanium plate first by surface in addition
Reason.
The preparation method of the 21. wear resistant carbide coatings as described in one of claim 19-20, it is characterised in that：By control
Step 5) in temperature retention time, holding temperature obtain the gradient composite coating i.e. carbide coating, the carbide coating include according to
The fused layer of the quasi- monocrystalline phase TiC dense ceramic layers of secondary distribution gradient, micron TiC ceramic layers, TiC and matrix.
The preparation method of 22. wear resistant carbide coatings as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that：Step 5) middle insulation temperature
The gross thickness of degree, temperature retention time and the gradient composite coating being finally obtained in that meets equation below,
L=kTlogt1/2+b0
Wherein：
The gross thickness of L --- gradient composite coating, μm,
K --- it is constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T --- holding temperature, K,
T --- temperature retention time, s,
b0--- original depth, μm, i.e., the thickness of the composite bed for being formed between titanium plate after pouring metal melt.
23. a kind of preparation methods of the carbide coating on carbon steel surface, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
1) first prepare a titanium plate, the titanium plate is first surface-treated, and the Pureness control of titanium is in 99.7-99.99%；
2) it is molten steel to smelt plain steel, and temperature control is at 1610-1630 DEG C；
3) above-mentioned molten steel is poured into and is placed with the mould of above-mentioned titanium plate, after cooling, it is that plain steel bottom is titanium to obtain top
The complex of plate；
4) by integral coating carbon source outside above-mentioned complex,
5) complex of cladding carbon source is put into into the holding furnace inside holding with protective atmosphere, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace,
Carbon steel surface forms gradient composite coating；
The gross thickness of wherein holding temperature, temperature retention time and the gradient composite coating being finally obtained in that meets equation below,
L=kTlogt1/2+b0
Wherein：
The gross thickness of L --- gradient composite coating, μm,
K --- it is constant, value is 0-1, k ≠ 0,
T --- holding temperature, K,
T --- temperature retention time, s,
b0--- original depth, μm, i.e., the thickness of the composite bed for being formed between titanium plate after molten steel cast；
6) the carbon steel complex with gradient composite coating obtained by is further heat-treated to obtain matrix.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on 24. carbon steel surfaces as claimed in claim 23, it is characterised in that：In step 1)
In, the THICKNESS CONTROL of titanium plate is in 0.2-3mm；In step 3) in, pouring temperature is controlled at 1610-1630 DEG C.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on 25. carbon steel surfaces as claimed in claim 24, it is characterised in that：In step 3)
In, the duration of pouring is the 40-50 seconds.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on 26. carbon steel surfaces as claimed in claim 25, it is characterised in that：In step 3)
In, after cast one minute after, in hot topping.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on the 27. carbon steel surfaces as described in one of claim 23-26, it is characterised in that：Institute
State step 1) in, it is as follows the step of surface treatment：
First step pickling, from the phosphoric acid or the hydrogen peroxide of 120ml/L of the hydrochloric acid or 60ml/L of 300ml/L, rear flowing water is rinsed；
Second step pickling, from the sulfuric acid or the hydrogen peroxide of 240ml/L of the hydrofluoric acid or 200ml/L of 300ml/L, rear flowing water punching
Wash；
3rd step surface is polished, and from the Al2O3 sand paper of 800 mesh or thinner, is finally cleaned by ultrasonic with alcohol.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on the 28. carbon steel surfaces as described in one of claim 23-26, it is characterised in that：Institute
State step 4) in carbon source be graphite paper or graphite powder.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on 29. carbon steel surfaces as claimed in claim 28, it is characterised in that：The graphite paper
More than three-level, purity 99%, thickness are 0.1-0.35mm；The graphite powder selects granularity in 600-1000 mesh, and purity is 85-
99%.
30. such as claim 23-26, the preparation method of the carbide coating on the carbon steel surface described in one of 29, it is characterised in that：
The step 5) in, 1000-1130 DEG C of insulation is warming up to, programming rate is controlled in 5-9 DEG C/min, and temperature retention time is 4-12h.
The preparation method of the carbide coating on 31. carbon steel surfaces as claimed in claim 30, it is characterised in that：The insulation
Time is 6-12h.
32. such as claim 23-26, and the preparation method of the carbide coating on the carbon steel surface described in one of 29,31, its feature exist
In：Selected plain steel is mild steel, medium carbon steel or high-carbon steel.
33. such as claim 23-26, and the preparation method of the carbide coating on the carbon steel surface described in one of 29,31, its feature exist
In：The protective atmosphere is argon gas or nitrogen, and gas flow is 4-8ml/min.
34. such as claim 23-26, and the preparation method of the carbide coating on the carbon steel surface described in one of 29,31, its feature exist
In：The step 6) in heat treatment step be：It is heat-treated at 800-550 DEG C, matrix is pearlitic structrure；Or in 220-
450 DEG C are heat-treated, and matrix is bainite structure；Or be heat-treated less than 220 DEG C, matrix is martensitic structure.
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| CN109023354A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-12-18 | 西安文理学院 | A kind of tungsten carbide gradient composite coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109680276B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2023-06-13 | 西安理工大学 | Complex-phase carbide coating/titanium-niobium alloy-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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