CN104524192A - 防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕3-9份，八仙草15-30份，金银花10-30份，一把伞3-9份，独活3-10份，龙骨15-30份，青黛15-30份，瓜蒌10-20份，草柏枝10-20份，珍珠母5-9份，玉竹3-6份，薤白3-15份，鸡内金15-40份，白花蛇舌草10-30份，黄芪10-30份。本发明养心通胶囊基于中医中药辩症防治的原理。防治更加全面，药效持久，属于内外兼顾，标本兼治的心肌梗死组方。对心肌梗死有极好的防治作用，对于因长期放化疗而羸弱的身体有极好的调理作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种防治心肌梗死养心通胶囊，尤其是一种防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊及其制备方法，本发明属中医中药领域。
背景技术
急性心肌梗死是冠状动脉急性、持续性缺血缺氧所引起的心肌坏死。临床上多有剧烈而持久的胸骨后疼痛，休息及硝酸酯类药物不能完全缓解，伴有血清心肌酶活性增高及进行性心电图变化，可并发心律失常、休克或心力衰竭，常可危及生命。本病在欧美最常见，美国每年约有150万人发生心肌梗死。
病因：患者多发生在冠状动脉粥样硬化狭窄基础上，由于某些诱因致使冠状动脉粥样斑块破裂，血中的血小板在破裂的斑块表面聚集，形成血块(血栓)，突然阻塞冠状动脉管腔，导致心肌缺血坏死；另外，心肌耗氧量剧烈增加或冠状动脉痉挛也可诱发急性心肌梗死，常见的诱因如下：1.过劳：过重的体力劳动，尤其是负重登楼，过度体育活动，连续紧张劳累等，都可使心脏负担加重，心肌需氧量突然增加，而冠心病患者的冠状动脉已发生硬化、狭窄，不能充分扩张而造成心肌缺血。剧烈体力负荷也可诱发斑块破裂，导致急性心肌梗死。2.激动：由于激动、紧张、愤怒等激烈的情绪变化诱发。3.暴饮暴食：不少心肌梗死病例发生于暴饮暴食之后。进食大量含高脂肪高热量的食物后，血脂浓度突然升高，导致血黏稠度增加，血小板聚集性增高。在冠状动脉狭窄的基础上形成血栓，引起急性心肌梗死。4.寒冷刺激；突然的寒冷刺激可能诱发急性心肌梗死。因此，冠心病患者要十分注意防寒保暖，冬春寒冷季节是急性心肌梗死发病较高的原因之一。5.便秘：便秘在老年人当中十分常见。临床上，因便秘时用力屏气而导致心肌梗死的老年人并不少见。必须引起老年人足够的重视，要保持大便通畅。6.吸烟、大量饮酒：吸烟和大量饮酒可通过诱发冠状动脉痉挛及心肌耗氧量增加而诱发急性心肌梗死。
临床表现：约半数以上的急性心肌梗死患者，在起病前1～2天或1～2周有前驱症状，最常见的是原有的心绞痛加重，发作时间延长，或对硝酸甘油效果变差；或继往无心绞痛者，突然出现长时间心绞痛。典型的心肌梗死症状包括：1.突然发作剧烈而持久的胸骨后或心前区压榨性疼痛休息和含服硝酸甘油不能缓解，常伴有烦躁不安、出汗、恐惧或濒死感。2.少数患者无疼痛：一开始即表现为休克或急性心力衰竭。3.部分患者疼痛位于上腹部：可能误诊为胃穿孔、急性胰腺炎等急腹症；少数患者表现颈部、下颌、咽部及牙齿疼痛，易误诊。4.神志障碍可见于高龄患者。5.全身症状难以形容的不适、发热。6.胃肠道症状表现恶心、呕吐、腹胀等，下壁心肌梗死患者更常见。7.心律失常见于75％～95％患者，发生在起病的1～2周内，以24小时内多见，前壁心肌梗死易发生室性心律失常，下壁心肌梗死易发生心率减慢、房室传导阻滞。8.心力衰竭主要是急性左心衰竭，在起病的最初几小时内易发生，也可在发病数日后发生，表现为呼吸困难、咳嗽、发绀、烦躁等症状。9.低血压、休克急性心肌梗死时由于剧烈疼痛、恶心、呕吐、出汗、血容量不足、心律失常等可引起低血压，大面积心肌梗死(梗死面积大于40％)时心排血量急剧减少，可引起心源性休克，收缩压＜80mmHg，面色苍白，皮肤湿冷，烦躁不安或神志淡漠，心率增快，尿量减少(＜20ml/h)。
申请公布号CN 103301299 A(申请号201310234534.6)的专利公开了一种改善心肌梗死后心功能的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物的原料按重量份数计包括：黄芪20-70重量份、瓜蒌实5-20重量份、薤白5-20重量份、半夏5-20重量份。申请公布号CN 103877356 A(申请号201410136595.3)的专利公开了一种防治心肌梗死的中药制剂，其特征在于：制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：扶桑花35-58份 百合32-56份 扁藤31-55份 穿破石28-52份 费菜28-52份 大青根26-48份 地丁23-48份 甘木通21-45份 重楼20-44份 海蛤壳20-44份 旱芹19-43份 薤白18-42份槐花16-38份 海芋16-34份 鸡血藤14-32份 苦参8-32份。
由此可见，中药在防治心肌梗死方面占有非常重要的地位，但是制备方法复杂，大多数都是汤剂，一是不方便携带，二是只内服。
发明内容
随着中国中医中药学的不断发展，在防治与控制心肌梗死上，人们渐渐意识到了中药防治心肌梗死症防治过程无副作用，患者承受痛苦小，造价相对节省的优势，针对现有西医防治心肌梗死的现状，本发明的目的之一在于提供防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，具有易操作、疗效显著的特点，并且它采用地方上较为常见的中药材作为原料，成本低廉。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕3-9份，八仙草15-30份，金银花10-30份，一把伞3-9份，独活3-10份，龙骨15-30份，青黛15-30份，瓜蒌10-20份，草柏枝10-20份，珍珠母5-9份，玉竹3-6份，薤白3-15份，鸡内金15-40份，白花蛇舌草10-30份，黄芪10-30份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，优选的方案，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕5-9份，八仙草16-25份，金银花15-25份，一把伞4-8份，独活4-8份，龙骨18-28份，青黛18-25份，瓜蒌12-18份，草柏枝14-18份，珍珠母6-8份，玉竹3.5-5份，薤白6-14份，鸡内金20-38份，白花蛇舌草15-28份，黄芪12-28份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，更佳优选的方案，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕8份，八仙草20份，金银花20份，一把伞6份，独活5份，龙骨20份，青黛20份，瓜蒌15份，草柏枝15份，珍珠母7份，玉竹4份，薤白12份，鸡内金30份，白花蛇舌草25份，黄芪15份。
本发明的另一目的就是提供上述防治心肌梗死的制备方法。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊的制备方法，主要由下述步骤制备而成：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入70-90℃的热水，20-40分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过80-120目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖3-6小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制6-12分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过100-140目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘5-15分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮50-70分钟，两次滤液合并，静置3-5小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘30-50分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在70-90℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤①加入75-85℃的热水，25-35分钟后滴入香油(优选的，加入80℃的热水，30分钟后滴入香油)。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤②用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4-5小时(优选的，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4.5小时)。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤②将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制8-10分钟(优选的，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制9分钟)。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤③将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘8-13分钟(优选的，将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘10分钟)。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤④两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮55-65分钟(优选的，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮60分钟)。
上述养心通胶囊的制备方法，步骤⑤将稠膏烘35-45分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在75-85℃下干燥(优选的，将稠膏烘40分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在80℃下干燥)。
该养心通胶囊对心肌梗死效果显著，对由心肌梗死引起的胸闷、心悸、气短等症状有很好的缓解作用，本发明多选用地方常见药材，价格低廉，减轻了患者的经济负担。
各原料药的药理功效分别为：
地蚕：别名土冬虫草、白冬虫草、白虫草、肺痨草。性味功效甘，平。功能益肾润肺，滋阴补血，清热除烦。适用于肺结核咳嗽、肺虚气喘、吐血、盗汗、贫血、小儿疳积。
八仙草：又名锯子草、拉拉藤、飞扬藤，味茜草科拉拉藤属植物猪殃殃或粗叶拉拉藤的全草。药性：全草纤细，易破碎，表面灰绿或绿褐色，气微，味辛、味苦，性微寒。成分：猪殃殃地上部分含生物碱，果实含大麦芽胺，加利果酸等；粗叶拉拉藤地上部分含车叶草苷，维生素C。根据现代药理研究发现，该药具有抑菌、抗癌、清热解毒、利尿通淋、消肿止痛的功效，用于痈疽肿毒，阑尾炎，感冒发热，尿血等。
金银花：它性甘寒气芳香，甘寒清热而不伤胃，芳香透达又可祛邪。金银花既能宣散风热，还善清解血毒，用于各种热性病，如身热、发疹、发斑、热毒疮痈、咽喉肿痛等症，均效果显著。金银花含有绿原酸、木犀草素苷等药理活性成分，对溶血性链球菌、金黄葡萄球菌等多种致病菌及上呼吸道感染致病病毒等有较强的抑制力，另外还可增强免疫力、抗早孕、护肝、抗肿瘤、消炎、解热、止血(凝血)、抑制肠道吸收胆固醇等，其临床用途非常广泛，可与其它药物配伍用于防治呼吸道感染、菌痢、急性泌尿系统感染、高血压等40余种病症。
一把伞：基原：为真藓科大叶藓属植物暖地大叶藓的植物体。成分：植物体含挥发油，黄酮类，甾体，氨基酸，糖类，苷类，萜类等。药性：辛、苦，平。功用主治：养心安神，清肝明目。主治心悸怔忡，神经衰弱，目赤肿痛，冠心病等。
独活：为伞形科当归属植物重齿当归的根。成分：含香豆素类化合物，挥发油，乙酸酯，当归醇，百里香酚。药理：对心血管系统有很重要的作用，有降压的作用，能促进血小板的聚集，具有良好的镇痛和抗炎作用。具有抗光敏的作用，对抵抗肿瘤有显著的疗效，对抗菌消炎也有很重要的作用。药性：苦，微温，辛。归肾、膀胱经。功能主治：祛风胜湿，散寒止痛。
龙骨：基原：为古代哺乳动物象类、犀类、三趾马、牛类、鹿类等的骨骼化石。成分：龙骨主要含碳酸钙及磷酸钙，尚含有铁、钾、钠、氯、硫酸根等。药性：涩、甘，平。归心、肝、肾、大肠经。功用主治：镇心安神，平肝潜阳，收敛固涩。主治心悸，怔肿，失眠，健忘，惊痫，癫狂，眩晕，自汗盗汗，遗精遗尿，崩漏带下，久泄久痢，溃疡久不收口及湿疮。
青黛：又名青蛤粉、靛青花，为爵床科马蓝属植物马蓝、蓼科蓼属植物蓼蓝、豆科木蓝属植物木蓝、十字花科菘蓝属植物菘蓝的叶或茎叶经加工制得的干燥粉末或团块。药性：本品为深蓝色的粉末，体轻，易飞扬，微有草腥气，味咸，性寒。成分：其主要成分有靛玉红，靛蓝。根据现代药理研究发现，该药具有抗肿瘤、抗炎镇痛、抗溃疡、抗菌、清热凉血、解毒的功效，用于温毒斑疹，咽喉肿痛，吐血，衄血，咯血等症状。
瓜蒌：性寒，味甘，微苦。归肺、胃、大肠经。清热涤痰，宽胸散结，润燥滑肠。用于肺热咳嗽，痰浊黄稠，胸痹心痛，结胸痞满，乳痈，肺痈，肠痈肿痛，大便秘结。现代医药学研究证明：瓜蒌有扩张心脏冠脉，增加冠脉流量作用；对急性心肌缺血有明显的保护作用。
草柏枝：基原：为玄参科松蒿属植物草柏枝的全草。药性：辛、微苦，平。功用主治：散瘀解毒，养心安神。主治骨折肿痛，咳嗽，痰中带血，咽喉肿痛，心肌怔忡，蛇犬咬伤。
珍珠母：平肝潜阳；安神定惊；清肝明目考证。功用主治：平肝，潜阳，定惊，止血。治头眩，耳鸣，心悸，失眠，癫狂，惊痫，吐血，衄血，妇女血崩。
玉竹：养阴，润燥，除烦，止渴。治热病阴伤，咳嗽烦渴，虚劳发热，消谷易饥，小便频数。玉竹煎剂和酊剂小剂量可使离体蛙心搏动迅速增强，大剂量则使心跳减弱甚至停止.有报告认为，玉竹对心脏的作用与其中所含的铃兰苦甙、铃兰甙有关.实验表明：玉竹注射液(100％)，对离体蛙心小剂量则无甚影响，大剂量则呈抑制作用；对离体兔心的收缩力则先抑制而后兴奋，对心率无影响；对兔在位心脏的收缩力和心率均无明显作用；对垂体后叶素所致的兔急性心肌缺血有一定的保护作用。
薤白：辛、苦，温。归心、肺、胃、大肠经。功能与主治：通阳散结，行气导滞。用于胸痹心痛，脘腹痞满胀痛，泻痢后重。
鸡内金：甘，平。归脾、胃、小肠、膀胱经，消食健胃助消化，涩精止遗。可以促进胃液分泌，提高胃酸度及消化力，使胃运动功能明显增强，胃排空加快。涩精止遗。适宜消化不良、面色萎黄、不思纳谷、小儿疳积、形体消瘦、腹大腹胀、脾胃虚弱、食积胀满、肠结核、骨结核等病症患者食用。
白花蛇舌草：主治：肺热喘咳；咽喉肿痛；肠痈；疖肿疮疡；毒蛇咬伤；热淋涩痛；水肿；痢疾；肠炎；湿热黄疸；擅长防治多种癌肿。
黄芪：黄芪有增强机体免疫功能、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用。能消除实验性肾炎蛋白尿，增强心肌收缩力，调节血糖含量。黄芪不仅能扩张冠状动脉，改善心肌供血，提高免疫功能，而且能够延缓细胞衰老的进程。
本发明养心通胶囊基于中医中药辩症防治的原理。防治更加全面，药效持久，属于内外兼顾，标本兼治的心肌梗死组方。对心肌梗死有极好的防治作用，对于因长期放化疗而羸弱的身体有极好的调理作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明的技术方案，但保护范围不被此限制。
实施例1防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取10g)：地蚕3份，八仙草15份，金银花10份，一把伞3份，独活3份，龙骨15份，青黛15份，瓜蒌10份，草柏枝10份，珍珠母5份，玉竹3份，薤白3份，鸡内金15份，白花蛇舌草10份，黄芪10份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，制备步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入70℃的热水，20分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过80目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖3小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制6分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过100目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘5分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮50分钟，两次滤液合并，静置3小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘30分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在70℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
典型病例一：刘XX，女，35岁，山东省聊城市莘县人士，某公司的员工。症状：患者去年秋天因感冒后出现心慌气短，全身乏力，易出汗的症状，且活动后症状加重，开始并没认为有什么大碍，后来症状越来越严重了，去医院经诊断为病毒性心肌梗死，住院防治好转，但近一周因劳累复发，症状较以前明显严重，还出现了胸闷，由于住院费用较高，建议服用本发明所得养心通胶囊。
服用并服用实施例1所得养心通胶囊，服用5天，胸闷症状减轻，食欲有所恢复；服用本发明养心通胶囊防治15天，胸闷症状完全消失，出汗症状缓解；服用20个月，出汗症状消失，心慌气短症状明显改善；服用1个月，心慌气短症状消失，病愈。
实施例2防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取10g)：地蚕9份，八仙草30份，金银花30份，一把伞9份，独活10份，龙骨30份，青黛30份，瓜蒌20份，草柏枝20份，珍珠母9份，玉竹6份，薤白15份，鸡内金40份，白花蛇舌草30份，黄芪30份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，制备步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入90℃的热水，40分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过120目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖6小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制12分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过140目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘15分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮70分钟，两次滤液合并，静置5小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘50分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在90℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
典型病例二：王xx，男，42岁，山东省济宁市泗水县金庄镇人。症状：突发胸痛7小时；现病史：患者7小时前出现无明显诱因胸痛，为胸骨后闷痛，呈持续性，伴后背部放射，无腹胀，无腹痛，无恶心呕吐，无畏寒发热，无咳嗽咳痰。讨论：心电图示冠状动脉供血不足，经过检查基本排除其他原因导致的胸痛，冠心病所致胸痛诊断明确，听别人说本发明养心通胶囊疗效很好。
服用并服用实施例1所得养心通胶囊，服用本发明养心通胶囊防治10天，胸痛明显减轻，心中烦乱亦减轻，纳量增，精神可，服用20天，症状消除，夜眠安，心烦除，力气增，纳食可，继服1个月，患者服用时未出现任何不适。
实施例3防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取10g)：地蚕5份，八仙草16份，金银花15份，一把伞4份，独活4份，龙骨18份，青黛18份，瓜蒌12份，草柏枝14份，珍珠母6份，玉竹3.5份，薤白6份，鸡内金20份，白花蛇舌草15份，黄芪12份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，制备步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入75℃的热水，25分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过90目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制6分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过110目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘8分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮55分钟，两次滤液合并，静置3.5小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘35分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在75℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
典型病例三：杨xx，女，40岁，山东省平度市兰底镇人。症状：在上班时出现较以往更剧烈而频繁的心绞痛，心绞痛持续时间较以往长，诱因不明显，服用硝酸甘油，但疗效差，心绞痛发作时伴有恶心、呕吐、大汗、心动过缓、急性心功能不全、严重心律失常。入院后检查，心电图示ST段一时性明显抬高或压低，T波倒置或增高。
服用并服用实施例1所得养心通胶囊，服用15天，心绞痛明显减轻，恶心、呕吐症状消失，纳量增，精神可，服用1个月，心电图示冠状动脉供血明显改善，继服1个月，患者痊愈。
实施例4防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取10g)：地蚕9份，八仙草25份，金银花25份，一把伞8份，独活8份，龙骨28份，青黛25份，瓜蒌18份，草柏枝18份，珍珠母8份，玉竹5份，薤白14份，鸡内金38份，白花蛇舌草28份，黄芪28份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，制备步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入85℃的热水，35分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过110目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖5小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制10分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过130目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘13分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮65分钟，两次滤液合并，静置4.5小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘45分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在85℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
典型病例四：田xx，男，8岁，山东省济南市济阳县人。症状：2009年12月：患者感冒后经常出现深呼吸，乏力。感冒痊愈后乏力症状并未消失，还总是精神不振，头晕，胸闷，气短且脸色苍白，去医院经诊断为小儿病毒性心肌梗死，病医生建议本发明养心通胶囊。
服用并服用实施例1所得养心通胶囊，服用3天，乏力症状明显改善；服用5天，乏力，精神不振症状消失；服用10天，胸闷症状减轻，头晕症状消失；服用20天，胸闷，气短症状完全消失，病愈。
实施例5防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取10g)：地蚕8份，八仙草20份，金银花20份，一把伞6份，独活5份，龙骨20份，青黛20份，瓜蒌15份，草柏枝15份，珍珠母7份，玉竹4份，薤白12份，鸡内金30份，白花蛇舌草25份，黄芪15份。
防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，制备步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入80℃的热水，30分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过100目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4.5小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制9分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过120目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘10分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮60分钟，两次滤液合并，静置4小时，得上清液；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘40分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在80℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
实验例：1、临床选择：为了验证本发明中药组合物的效果，我们抽取了400名患者进行了药物的实验，平均分为两组，实验组及对照组。
2、入选标准：经确诊为冠心病、肺心病、心肌梗塞的患者，病龄1-5年，有心肌梗死临床症状一项或多项。
3、防治方法：采用本发明养心通胶囊，每次取本发明胶囊2粒，一日2次，早中晚饭后半小时服用。
4、疗效情况判定标准：1、治愈。服用药物后，不适症状完全消失；2、有效。服用药物后，不适症状减轻或部分消失；3、无效。服用药物后，不适症状无变化。我们进行了药物的实验(实施例5)，并精确的对数据进行了统计和数理分析。
具体实验结果如下表：
表1：
表2：
经临床试验证明，服用本发明养心通胶囊与西医防治心肌梗死的手段相比，治愈后复发率低，防治手段更为全面彻底，服用期间无副作用，在防治心肌梗死的同时，可以缓解由心肌梗死带来的胸闷、疼痛、咳嗽、发热、食欲不振等症状。经临床试验证明，本发明中药药剂有效率为99％，对心肌梗死有良好的防治作用。
Claims (10)
1.防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕3-9份，八仙草15-30份，金银花10-30份，一把伞3-9份，独活3-10份，龙骨15-30份，青黛15-30份，瓜蒌10-20份，草柏枝10-20份，珍珠母5-9份，玉竹3-6份，薤白3-15份，鸡内金15-40份，白花蛇舌草10-30份，黄芪10-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕5-9份，八仙草16-25份，金银花15-25份，一把伞4-8份，独活4-8份，龙骨18-28份，青黛18-25份，瓜蒌12-18份，草柏枝14-18份，珍珠母6-8份，玉竹3.5-5份，薤白6-14份，鸡内金20-38份，白花蛇舌草15-28份，黄芪12-28份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：地蚕8份，八仙草20份，金银花20份，一把伞6份，独活5份，龙骨20份，青黛20份，瓜蒌15份，草柏枝15份，珍珠母7份，玉竹4份，薤白12份，鸡内金30份，白花蛇舌草25份，黄芪15份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的防治心肌梗死的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤如下：
①将食盐置于干净的容器内，加入70-90℃的热水，20-40分钟后滴入香油，待将龙骨完全浸透后取出，置于无烟的炉火上锻制酥脆，研磨成细末，过80-120目筛；
②将八仙草、金银花和一把伞洗净，沥干水分，切成丝，与地蚕和瓜蒌一同置于砂锅内，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖3-6小时，置于蒸笼上蒸制有香味飘出时，停火，取烧干的热锅，加入少许花生油，待热锅四周有青烟冒出时，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制6-12分钟，用大铁勺研磨成细末，过100-140目筛；
③将鸡内金洗净，切成细丝，将铁板烧热，用刷子将铁板上抹上油，再将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘5-15分钟，捣碎成细末待用；
④将独活、草柏枝、珍珠母、玉竹、薤白、白花蛇舌草和黄芪一同置于瓦罐内，加水煎煮两次，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮50-70分钟，两次滤液合并，静置3-5小时；
⑤将步骤④所得上清液烧热，待煮沸后加入青黛和步骤①-③所得细末，一边煎煮一边搅拌，待搅拌成稠膏状时取出，将稠膏烘30-50分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在70-90℃下干燥，按照胶囊的制备步骤制备成胶囊。
5.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤①加入75-85℃的热水，25-35分钟后滴入香油(优选的，加入80℃的热水，30分钟后滴入香油)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤②用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4-5小时(优选的，用烧热的黄酒喷洒均匀，焖4.5小时)。
7.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤②将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制8-10分钟(优选的，将蒸熟的中药材迅速置于锅内，炒制9分钟)。
8.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤③将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘8-13分钟(优选的，将切好的细丝放置在抹好油的铁板上，烘10分钟)。
9.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤④两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮55-65分钟(优选的，两次煎煮都是先大火煎开，后转文化煎煮60分钟)。
10.根据权利要求4所述的养心通胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤⑤将稠膏烘35-45分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在75-85℃下干燥(优选的，将稠膏烘40分钟，得烘干物，将烘干物在80℃下干燥)。
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