CN104513473B - A kind of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite material technical field, more particularly to a kind of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite is by weight percentage, composed of the following components:75% ~ 92% TPUE;6% ~ 23% halogen-free flame retardants;1% ~ 5% fire retarding synergist;0.1% ~ 1% antioxidant;0.1% ~ 1% lubricant;0.01% ~ 0.5% hydrolysis-resisting agent;Wherein, the fire retarding synergist is graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material.The present invention has excellent fire resistance and excellent mechanical property, while has excellent durability and weatherability.In addition, the invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite material technical field, more particularly to a kind of halogen-free flameproof thermoplastic
Property polyurethane elastic composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polyurethane material is one of six big synthetic material of the world today.Based on polyurethane resin, the product that can be made into
Have foamed plastics, rubber, coating, adhesive, fiber, synthetic leather, water-repellent paint, pavement material etc., be widely used in it is electromechanical,
The national economy every field such as ship, aviation, vehicle, civil construction, light industry, weaving.Yield increases year by year with kind, in material
Occupy suitable status in industry, therefore, each major company of the world competitively develops polyurethane industrial.But theirs is inflammable, and burn
When produce a large amount of smog, toxic gas, cause a tremendous loss of lives and property loss, it has also become the serious society of people's growing interest
Can problem.Loss is brought to human society in order to reduce fire, national departments concerned proposes fire-retardant to polyurethane elastomer
It is required that.
At present, the fire-retardant research both at home and abroad to polyurethane elastomer is less, is concentrated mainly in the selection of fire retardant.And its
Conventional fire retardant includes such as antimony oxide (Sb203), tricresyl phosphate (chloropropyls of 2,3- bis-) ester (TDCPP), hydrated alumina
(Al203.3H20), the chlorine alkyl phosphoric acid dibasic acid esters (PUR-101) of bromine one, decabromodiphenyl oxide, the expansion type flame retardant (polyphosphoric acid of compounding
Ammonium, pentaerythrite, melamine etc.) and use the method for chemical synthesis to introduce phosphorous-containing monomers.These methods can change
The combustion characteristics of polyurethane elastomer, makes it be converted into flame retardant material, improves fire resistance, reduces polyurethane elastomer combustion
Speed is burnt, prevents fire from expanding.But the problem of some are serious is also brought simultaneously, is mainly manifested in:Fire retardant and elastomer it
Between poor compatibility;Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomers is caused to decline;Durability of fire-retardant is poor;Release substantial amounts of toxic gas(Such as
HCl, HCN etc.), produce substantial amounts of smog and release substantial amounts of corrosive substance;Flame retarding efficiency is not high, easily produces drippage;By
In the presence of these problems, the use range of polyurethane elastomer is largely limited.
Microencapsulation technology is the effective ways for solving above-mentioned polyurethane elastic composite.Such as Chinese patent
ZL200910144076.0 report core-shell type ammonium polyphosphate synergetic flame-retardant polyurethane elastic composite materials, good flame retardation effect, and it is resistance to
Molten drop is good, while the shortcomings that improve the poor water resistance of flame-proof composite material containing APP, enhances fire retardant and polyurethane
The compatibility of elastomer.In addition, research shows that material peak heat release can not only be greatly reduced in nano lamellar material and heat discharges
Total amount, moreover it is possible to significantly improve flame retarding efficiency.In order to further improve the flame retarding efficiency of microencapsulation fire retardant, typically in fire retardant
Fire retarding synergist is added among system, mainly there is metal oxide, montmorillonite and CNT etc..
Have not yet to see fire-retardant using microencapsulation fire retardant and graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material synergistic
The report of TPUE.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is:For the deficiency of current flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite, and
It is proposed a kind of environmentally friendly, weather-proof, halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite, the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane bullet
Property has excellent fire resistance and excellent mechanical property.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite, it is by weight percentage, composed of the following components:
TPUE 75% ~ 92%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 6% ~ 23%;
Fire retarding synergist 1% ~ 5%;
Antioxidant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Lubricant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Hydrolysis-resisting agent 0.01% ~ 0.5%;
Wherein, the fire retarding synergist is graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, and by weight hundred
Divide than meter, it is composed of the following components:
TPUE 80% ~ 90%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 7% ~ 17%;
Fire retarding synergist 2% ~ 4%;
Antioxidant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Lubricant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Hydrolysis-resisting agent 0.08% ~ 0.5%.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the thermoplastic
Property polyurethane elastomer be thermoplastic polyester type polyurethane elastomer and thermoplastic polyether urethane elastomer at least one
Kind.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the Halogen
Fire retardant is Silica hydrogel microencapsulation APP, melamine resin microencapsulation APP, polyurethane micro-encapsulated polyphosphoric acid
At least one of ammonium, cellulose microencapsulation APP and epoxy resin micro-capsule APP.The present invention selects
The microencapsulation fire retardant of halogen-free environmental, the water resistance and durability of fire retardant are improved, due to shell compatibilization, improved micro-
The compatibility of encapsulated fire retardant and TPUE, reduce damage to material mechanical performance and fire retardant with
The various migrations during polyurethane elastomer use, so as to improve the comprehensive of TPUE flame-proof composite material
Compound and durability.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the graphite
Alkene is that graphene and magnesium aluminum double hydroxide doped nano-material, graphene and zinc-aluminium are double with double-hydroxide doped nano-material
Hydroxide doped nano-material and at least one of graphene and nickel aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material.First, stone
Among black alkene and double-hydroxide sheet layer material are dispersed in TPUE with nm regime, graphene film and double hydrogen
The layer blocking effect of oxide significantly reduces the heat release and total heat release of material, improves the fire safety of material;Again, stone
Black alkene is uniformly dispersed among TPUE with double-hydroxide, can be played and be assisted with microencapsulation fire retardant
Fire retardation is imitated, has the advantages that to improve flame retarding efficiency, raising into charcoal speed and not molten drop, so as to further reduce poly- ammonia
The usage amount of fire retardant in ester system.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the antioxygen
Agent is four [β-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyls) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters(Antioxidant 1010), 4,4 '-thiobis(6-
The tert-butyl group -3- methylphenols)(Antioxidant 300), dilauryl thiodipropionate(Anti-oxidant DLTP), pentaerythrite four(The 3- months
Osmanthus base thiopropionate)(Antioxidant S4P)With three [2.4- di-tert-butyl-phenyls] phosphite esters(Irgasfos 168)In at least one
Kind.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the lubrication
Agent is at least one of zinc stearate, hydroxy silicon oil, silicone powder and fluorine containing lubricant.
One kind as halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention is improved, the water resistant
Solution agent is at least one of carbodiimides, double carbide imine and polycarbodiimide.
Halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite beneficial effect of the present invention is:The present invention provides
A kind of environmentally friendly, weather-proof, halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite, it has excellent fire resistance and excellent
Mechanical property, while there is excellent durability and weatherability.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of system of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite
Preparation Method, by weight percentage, 1% ~ 5% fire retarding synergist is added in 75% ~ 92% TPUE, and
The fire retarding synergist is graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material, be then kneaded in banbury or extruder to
Uniformly, be subsequently added into 6% ~ 23% halogen-free flame retardants, 0.1% ~ 1% antioxidant, 0.1% ~ 1% part lubricant and 0.01% ~
0.5% hydrolysis-resisting agent is mixed, and halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is granulated at 170 ~ 200 DEG C after being well mixed
Composite.Halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite can rapidly be prepared by above-mentioned preparation method,
It is important that the preparation method is simple and practical.
One kind as the preparation method of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite of the present invention changes
Enter, the temperature being kneaded in banbury or extruder is 170 ~ 200 DEG C.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1, by weight percentage, 1% graphite will be added in 92% thermoplastic polyester type polyurethane elastomer
Alkene and magnesium aluminum double hydroxide doped nano-material, then it is kneaded in banbury to uniform, the temperature of the mixing is 170 DEG C,
It is subsequently added into 8% Silica hydrogel microencapsulation APP, 0.1% antioxidant S4P, 0.1% zinc stearate and 0.01% carbonization
Diimine is mixed, in 170 DEG C of extruding pelletizations into halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite after being well mixed.
Testing result shows:The stretching of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite manufactured in the present embodiment is strong
Spend and pass through UL-94 V0 levels for 42.5MPa, elongation at break 680%, oxygen index (OI) 29.5%, testing vertical flammability.By 80
After spending hot-water soak one week, tensile strength 25.8MPa, elongation at break 480%, oxygen index (OI) 28%, vertical combustion examination
Test by UL-94 V0 levels.
Embodiment 2, by weight percentage, 3% graphene will be added in 75% thermoplastic polyether urethane elastomer
With zinc-aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material, then it is kneaded in an extruder to uniform, the temperature of the mixing is 200 DEG C, is connect
Melamine resin microencapsulation APP, 1% antioxidant 1010,0.9% silicone powder and the 0.1% double carbonizations of addition 20%
Diimine is mixed, in 200 DEG C of extruding pelletizations into halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite after being well mixed.
Testing result shows:The stretching of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite manufactured in the present embodiment is strong
Spend and pass through UL-94 V0 levels for 30.8MPa, elongation at break 610%, oxygen index (OI) 32.5%, testing vertical flammability.By 80
After spending hot-water soak one week, tensile strength 28.5MPa, elongation at break 580%, oxygen index (OI) 32%, vertical combustion examination
Test by UL-94 V0 levels.
Embodiment 3, by weight percentage, by 50% thermoplastic polyester type polyurethane elastomer and 30% thermoplastic poly
3% graphene and nickel aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material is added in ether-based polyurethane elastomer, is then mixed in an extruder
To uniform, the temperature of the mixing is 190 DEG C, is subsequently added into 15% cellulose microencapsulation APP, 1% antioxidant for refining
168th, 0.5% fluorine containing lubricant and 0.5% polycarbodiimide are mixed, be well mixed after 190 DEG C of extruding pelletizations into
Halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite.
Testing result shows:The stretching of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite manufactured in the present embodiment is strong
Spend and pass through UL-94 V0 levels for 35.8MPa, elongation at break 630%, oxygen index (OI) 35.5%, testing vertical flammability.By 80
After spending hot-water soak one week, tensile strength 28.8MPa, elongation at break 510%, oxygen index (OI) 33.5%, vertical combustion
Experiment passes through UL-94 V0 levels.
Embodiment 4, by weight percentage, 2% graphite will be added in 90% thermoplastic polyether urethane elastomer
Alkene and nickel aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material, then it is kneaded in an extruder to uniform, the temperature of the mixing is 195 DEG C,
It is subsequently added into 7% epoxy resin micro-capsule APP, 0.5% antioxidant 300 and anti-oxidant DLTP mixture, 0.42%
Hydroxy silicon oil and 0.08% polycarbodiimide mixed, be well mixed after 195 DEG C of extruding pelletizations into halogen-free flameproof heat
Plastic polyurethane elastic composite.
Testing result shows:The stretching of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite manufactured in the present embodiment is strong
Spend and pass through UL-94 V0 levels for 39.8MPa, elongation at break 640%, oxygen index (OI) 34.5%, testing vertical flammability.By 80
After spending hot-water soak one week, tensile strength 30.8MPa, elongation at break 440%, oxygen index (OI) 31.5%, vertical combustion
Experiment passes through UL-94 V0 levels.
Embodiment 5, by weight percentage, 4% graphite will be added in 85% thermoplastic polyether urethane elastomer
Alkene and nickel aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material, then it is kneaded in an extruder to uniform, the temperature of the mixing is 180 DEG C,
It is subsequently added into 9% epoxy resin micro-capsule APP and cellulose microencapsulation APP mixture, 0.5% antioxygen
Agent 300 and antioxidant 1010 mixture, 1% hydroxy silicon oil and 0.5% polycarbodiimide are mixed, be well mixed after
180 DEG C of extruding pelletizations are into halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite.
Testing result shows:The stretching of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite manufactured in the present embodiment is strong
Spend and pass through UL-94 V0 levels for 40.8MPa, elongation at break 630%, oxygen index (OI) 35.5%, testing vertical flammability.By 80
After spending hot-water soak one week, tensile strength 31.8MPa, elongation at break 450%, oxygen index (OI) 32.5%, vertical combustion
Experiment passes through UL-94 V0 levels.
The tensile strength of fire-retardant product and elongation at break testing standard are ASTM D412 in the various embodiments described above;Oxygen refers to
Number testing standard is ASTM D2863;Testing vertical flammability testing standard is ASTM D3801.
From above example result, microencapsulation fire retardant and graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material institute are used
Synergistic flame retardant is formed, there is flame retarding efficiency height, water resistance excellent in durability, etc. small to the mechanics of material and comprehensive physical property damage
Feature.
Described above, only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto are any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, by following
Component forms:
TPUE 75% ~ 92%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 6% ~ 23%;
Fire retarding synergist 1% ~ 5%;
Antioxidant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Lubricant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Hydrolysis-resisting agent 0.01% ~ 0.5%;
Wherein, the fire retarding synergist is graphene and the double hydrogen of magnesium aluminum double hydroxide doped nano-material, graphene and zinc-aluminium
Oxide-doped nano material and at least one of graphene and nickel aluminium double-hydroxide doped nano-material;The Halogen resistance
Combustion agent be Silica hydrogel microencapsulation APP, melamine resin microencapsulation APP, polyurethane micro-encapsulated APP,
At least one of cellulose microencapsulation APP and epoxy resin micro-capsule APP.
2. the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by weight
Percentages are measured, it is composed of the following components:
TPUE 80% ~ 90%;
Halogen-free flame retardants 7% ~ 17%;
Fire retarding synergist 2% ~ 4%;
Antioxidant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Lubricant 0.1% ~ 1%;
Hydrolysis-resisting agent 0.08% ~ 0.5%.
3. the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
TPUE be in thermoplastic polyester type polyurethane elastomer and thermoplastic polyether urethane elastomer extremely
Few one kind.
4. the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
Antioxidant is four [β-(3,5- di-t-butyl -4- hydroxy phenyls) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters, 4,4 '-thiobis(Uncle 6-
Butyl -3- methylphenols), dilauryl thiodipropionate, pentaerythrite four(3- lauryl thiopropionates)With three [2.4-
At least one of di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphite ester.
5. the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
Lubricant is at least one of zinc stearate, hydroxy silicon oil, silicone powder and fluorine containing lubricant.
6. the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
Hydrolysis-resisting agent is at least one of carbodiimides, double carbide imine and polycarbodiimide.
A kind of 7. preparation method of halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite, it is characterised in that:Percentage by weight
Than meter, the fire retarding synergist of addition 1% ~ 5% in 75% ~ 92% TPUE, and the fire retarding synergist is
Graphene and double-hydroxide doped nano-material, then it is kneaded to uniform, is subsequently added into banbury or extruder
6% ~ 23% halogen-free flame retardants, 0.1% ~ 1% antioxidant, 0.1% ~ 1% part lubricant and 0.01% ~ 0.5% resistant to hydrolysis
Agent is mixed, and halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite is granulated at 170 ~ 200 DEG C after being well mixed.
8. the preparation method of the halogen-free fire retardation thermoplastic polyurethane elastic composite according to claim 7, its feature
It is:The temperature being kneaded in banbury or extruder is 170 ~ 200 DEG C.
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CN113278276B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-07-29 | 骏能化工(龙南)有限公司 | Preparation method of polyurethane composite material |
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