CN104496929B - 一种含氯仿结晶的手性锌配合物晶体及用途 - Google Patents
一种含氯仿结晶的手性锌配合物晶体及用途 Download PDFInfo
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- UHIJLWIHCPPKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Zn] Chemical class [N].[Zn] UHIJLWIHCPPKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoethylene Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C(C#N)C#N NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005712 Baylis-Hillman reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002447 crystallographic data Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 claims 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical class ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- STVVMTBJNDTZBF-SECBINFHSA-N (2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 STVVMTBJNDTZBF-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 21
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- QMXOFBXZEKTJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycinol Natural products C1=C(O)C=C2OCC3(O)C4=CC=C(O)C=C4OC3C2=C1 QMXOFBXZEKTJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile Substances CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-cyclooctadiene Chemical compound C1CC=CCCC=C1 VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUEWIQNQPBSCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1-phenylethanol Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)CC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XUEWIQNQPBSCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BUKJRQHSQSNQKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O1C(=NCC1)C=1C(=C(C=CC=1)[Ru+])C=1OCCN=1 Chemical class O1C(=NCC1)C=1C(=C(C=CC=1)[Ru+])C=1OCCN=1 BUKJRQHSQSNQKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;chlorine Chemical compound [Cl].C1=CC=CC=C1 GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011982 enantioselective catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005623 oxindoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009901 transfer hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CC=C HYWCXWRMUZYRPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEIMLDGFXIOXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl cyanide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C#N LEIMLDGFXIOXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种手性锌氮配合物，其化学式如下： 该手性锌氮配合物(I)的合成方法，其特征在于：由四氰乙烯和D‑苯丙氨醇在47mol%催化剂无水ZnCl2 于氯苯溶剂中回流反应48小时分离、纯化，即反应结束后脱去氯苯，加水溶解后用氯仿萃取，萃取相脱溶后用柱层析纯化；将配合物（I）用石油醚及二氯甲烷(3:7)淋洗，柱层析分离，自然挥发得配合物固体，再加入三氯甲烷，乙醇及正己烷各20配制饱和溶液，自然挥发得含三氯甲烷结晶的晶体。该手性锌氮配合物在苯甲醛的腈硅化反应、烯丙基烷基化反应、Baylis‑Hillman反应及亨利反应中显示了一定的催化效果，其转化率分别为82%、51%、48%及65%。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属有机配位化合物（配合物）及其用途，特别涉及含氮的手性金属有机配合物及其制备方法，确切地说是一种手性D-型锌氮配合物及用途。
二、背景技术
随着有机化学的发展,金属有机化合物在有机合成中的应用愈来愈广,是现在有机化学中极为活跃的领域之一,已经广泛应用于有机合成反应中。20世纪60年代后期出现的使用手性配体与过渡金属络合物催化的不对称合成反应大大加速了手性药物的研究。化学催化不对称合成法的重要内容便是手性配体及含金属催化剂的设计,从而使反应具有高效和高对映选择性。通常不对称催化剂所用的配体是噁唑啉，近年来噁唑啉锌配合物被广泛合成并取得较好的催化效果；
参考文献：
1. Ir(I) complexes with oxazoline-thioether ligands: nucleophilicattack of pyridine on coordinated 1,5-cyclooctadiene and application ascatalysts in imine hydrogenation, Guiu, Ester; Claver, Carmen; Castillon,Sergio, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 689(11), 1911-1918。
Chiral bis(oxazoline) complexes. Synthesis, structure andapplications in catalytic phospho-transfer, Jiang, M.; Dalgarno, S.; Kilner,C. A.; Halcrow, M. A.; Kee, T. P. Polyhedron, 20(17), 2151-2162。
New Bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl-Ruthenium(II) Complexes and TheirCatalytic Activity for Enantioselective Hydrogenation and TransferHydrogenation of Ketones, Ito, Jun-ichi; Ujiie, Satoshi; Nishiyama, Hisao,Organometallics, 28(2),630-638.
4.Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroxylation Reactions ofOxindoles and β-Keto Esters
Using DBFOX Ligand，Ishimaru, Takehisa; Shibata, Norio; Nagai, Jun;Nakamura, Shuichi; Toru, Takeshi;
Kanemasa, Shuji, Journal of the American Chemical Society，128（51）,6488-16489。
三、发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种Zn-N金属有机配合物以应用于催化领域，所要解决的技术问题遴选噁唑啉作为配体并合成手性锌氮配合物。
本发明所称的手性锌配合物是双-（4R-苯基-4,5-二氢化-2-噁唑啉基）-乙腈锌配合物由四氰乙烯制备的由以下化学式所示的配合物：
化学名称：双-（4R-苯基-4,5-二氢化-2-噁唑啉基）-乙腈锌配合物，简称配合物(I)。
本配合物（I）的合成方法包括反应、分离和纯化，其特征是由四氰乙烯和D-苯甘氨醇在无水无氧条件下和催化剂无水ZnCl2 (49%)时于氯苯溶剂中回流反应48小时离、纯化，即反应结束后脱去氯苯，加水溶解后用氯仿萃取，萃取相脱溶后用柱层析纯化；
本配合物（I）的合成方法是四氰乙烯与D-苯甘氨醇在氯苯溶剂中回流反应48小时。
将配合物（I）用石油醚及二氯甲烷(3:7)淋洗，柱层析分离，自然挥发得配合物固体，再加入三氯甲烷，乙醇及正己烷各20配制饱和溶液，自然挥发得含三氯甲烷结晶的晶体。
该配合物的反应机理可推测为四氰乙烯在空气中及氯化锌作用下，不稳定，分解成三腈基甲烷，与2分子的D-苯甘氨醇作用形成双噁唑啉再与氯化锌按照2:1配位，并脱去两分子盐酸。
四、附图说明
图1是配合物 (I) 的单晶衍射图。
五、具体实施方式
（一）手性配合物的制备
1、双-（4-苯基-4,5-二氢化-2-噁唑啉基）-乙腈锌配合物的制备
在100mL两口瓶中,无水无氧条件下,加入无水ZnCl2 0.52g (3.82mmol), 40mL氯苯, 四氰乙烯1.0g(7.81mmol), D-苯甘氨醇10.0 g, 将混合物在高温下回流48h,停止反应,减压以除去溶剂, ,将剩余物用水溶解,并用CHCl3(20mLx2)萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转除去溶剂,将粗产品用石油醚/ 二氯甲烷(3:7)柱层析,得白色固体，产率78 %；M.P.:>220°C; [a]5 D=-300.6º (c=0.28, CH2Cl2)：元素分析（C41 H33 Cl3 N6 O4 Zn）：计算值：C:58.24 %, H, 3.93 %, N, 9.94 %；测试值：C:58.52 %, H, 3.57 %, N, 9.83 %；
配合物晶体数据如下：
经验式 C41 H33 Cl3 N6 O4 Zn
分子量 845.45
温度 293(2) K
波长 0.71073 Å
晶系， 空间群 单斜晶系 P21 21 21
晶胞参数 a = 10.9537(6) Å α = 90 °
b = 18.9994(10) Å β = 90 °
c = 19.1521(5) Å γ = 90 °
体积 3985.8（4）Å^3
电荷密度 4,1.409 Mg/m^3
吸收 校正参数 0.866 mm^-1
单胞内的电子数目 1736
晶体大小 0.211 x 0.165x 0.123 mm
Theta 角的范围 1.510 to 25.997 °
HKL的指标收集范围 -13<=h<=13, -20<k<23 -23<l<=22
收集/独立衍射数据 24441/ 7841 [R(int) = 0.0565]
theta = 30.5的数据完整度 100.0 %
吸收校正的方法 多层扫描
最大最小的透过率 0.7457 and 0.6155
精修使用的方法 F^2 的矩阵最小二乘法
数据数目/使用限制的数目/参数数目 7841/84/541
精修使用的方法 0.985
衍射点的一致性因子 R1 = 0.0533，ωR2= 0.1307
可观察衍射的吻合因子 R1 = 0.0768, ωR2 = 0.1444
绝对构型参数 0.030（9）
差值傅里叶图上的最大峰顶和峰谷 0.511 and -0.398e.Å^-3
晶体典型的键长数据：
Zn(1)-N(2) 1.984(5)
Zn(1)-N(3) 1.995(5)
Zn(1)-N(1) 2.013(5)
Zn(1)-N(4) 2.022(5)
N(1)-C(3) 1.281(8)
N(1)-C(1) 1.488(7)
N(2)-C(5) 1.298(8)
N(2)-C(7) 1.500(8)
N(3)-C(23) 1.296(8)
N(3)-C(21) 1.476(7)
N(4)-C(25) 1.303(8)
N(4)-C(27) 1.482(8)
N(5)-C(20) 1.140(8)
O(1)-C(3) 1.346(7)
O(1)-C(2) 1.452(8)
O(2)-C(5) 1.348(7)
O(2)-C(6) 1.435(8)
O(3)-C(23) 1.355(8)
O(3)-C(22) 1.432(8)
O(4)-C(25) 1.348(7)
O(4)-C(26) 1.433(10)
Cl(1)-C(41) 1.919(18)
Cl(2)-C(41) 1.682(16)
Cl(3)-C(41) 1.889(17)
Cl(1')-C(41) 1.536(19)
Cl(2')-C(41) 1.726(16)
Cl(3')-C(41) 1.480(15)
Cl(3')-H(41') 1.7509
晶体典型的键角数据：
N(2)-Zn(1)-N(3) 115.62(19)
N(2)-Zn(1)-N(1) 93.22(19)
N(3)-Zn(1)-N(1) 122.93(19)
N(2)-Zn(1)-N(4) 134.0(2)
N(3)-Zn(1)-N(4) 92.9(2)
N(1)-Zn(1)-N(4) 100.7(2)
C(3)-N(1)-C(1) 107.7(5)
C(3)-N(1)-Zn(1) 123.9(4)
C(1)-N(1)-Zn(1) 128.2(4)
C(5)-N(2)-C(7) 107.2(5)
C(5)-N(2)-Zn(1) 123.0(4)
C(7)-N(2)-Zn(1) 128.4(4)
C(23)-N(3)-C(21) 108.1(5)
C(23)-N(3)-Zn(1) 120.3(4)
C(21)-N(3)-Zn(1) 131.5(4)
C(25)-N(4)-C(27) 107.9(5)
C(25)-N(4)-Zn(1) 118.4(4)
C(27)-N(4)-Zn(1) 132.0(4)
C(3)-O(1)-C(2) 105.6(5)
C(5)-O(2)-C(6) 105.5(5)
C(23)-O(3)-C(22) 107.4(5)
C(25)-O(4)-C(26) 107.0(6)
C(41)-Cl(3')-H(41') 36.1
N(1)-C(1)-C(14) 111.9(5)
N(1)-C(1)-C(2) 102.1(5)
C(14)-C(1)-C(2) 115.2(6)
N(1)-C(1)-H(1) 109.2
C(14)-C(1)-H(1) 109.2
C(2)-C(1)-H(1) 109.2
O(1)-C(2)-C(1) 105.0(5)
O(1)-C(2)-H(2A) 110.8
C(1)-C(2)-H(2A) 110.8
O(1)-C(2)-H(2B) 110.8
C(1)-C(2)-H(2B) 110.8
H(2A)-C(2)-H(2B) 108.8
N(1)-C(3)-O(1) 117.0(5)
N(1)-C(3)-C(4) 127.4(5)
O(1)-C(3)-C(4) 115.6(5)
C(20)-C(4)-C(5) 118.8(6)
C(20)-C(4)-C(3) 119.3(6)
C(5)-C(4)-C(3) 121.8(5)
N(2)-C(5)-O(2) 115.6(5)
N(2)-C(5)-C(4) 129.2(6)
O(2)-C(5)-C(4) 115.2(5)
O(2)-C(6)-C(7) 105.0(5)
O(2)-C(6)-H(6A) 110.7
C(7)-C(6)-H(6A) 110.7
O(2)-C(6)-H(6B) 110.7
C(7)-C(6)-H(6B) 110.7
H(6A)-C(6)-H(6B) 108.8
C(8)-C(7)-N(2) 115.3(5)
C(8)-C(7)-C(6) 115.3(5)
N(2)-C(7)-C(6) 99.7(5)
C(8)-C(7)-H(7) 108.7
N(2)-C(7)-H(7) 108.7
C(6)-C(7)-H(7) 108.7
C(9)-C(8)-C(13) 117.7(6)
C(9)-C(8)-C(7) 122.4(6)
C(13)-C(8)-C(7) 119.8(6)
C(10)-C(9)-C(8) 122.4(7)
C(10)-C(9)-H(9) 118.8
C(8)-C(9)-H(9) 118.8
C(9)-C(10)-C(11) 118.0(8)
C(9)-C(10)-H(10) 121.0
C(11)-C(10)-H(10) 121.0
C(12)-C(11)-C(10) 120.5(7)
C(12)-C(11)-H(11) 119.7
C(10)-C(11)-H(11) 119.7
C(13)-C(12)-C(11) 119.5(7)
C(13)-C(12)-H(12) 120.3
C(11)-C(12)-H(12) 120.3
C(12)-C(13)-C(8) 121.8(7)
C(12)-C(13)-H(13) 119.1
C(8)-C(13)-H(13) 119.1
C(15)-C(14)-C(19) 118.5(8)
C(15)-C(14)-C(1) 120.2(8)
C(19)-C(14)-C(1) 121.3(6)
C(14)-C(19)-C(18) 120.6(9)
C(14)-C(19)-H(19) 119.7
C(18)-C(19)-H(19) 119.7
C(17)-C(18)-C(19) 122.0(11)
C(17)-C(18)-H(18) 119.0
C(19)-C(18)-H(18) 119.0
C(18)-C(17)-C(16) 119.2(11)
C(18)-C(17)-H(17) 120.4
C(16)-C(17)-H(17) 120.4
C(17)-C(16)-C(15) 119.4(11)
C(17)-C(16)-H(16) 120.3
C(15)-C(16)-H(16) 120.3
C(14)-C(15)-C(16) 120.3(10)
C(14)-C(15)-H(15) 119.9
C(16)-C(15)-H(15) 119.9
N(5)-C(20)-C(4) 179.5(9)
N(3)-C(21)-C(34) 115.1(5)
N(3)-C(21)-C(22) 101.9(5)
C(34)-C(21)-C(22) 111.5(6)
N(3)-C(21)-H(21) 109.4
C(34)-C(21)-H(21) 109.4
C(22)-C(21)-H(21) 109.4
O(3)-C(22)-C(21) 103.8(5)
O(3)-C(22)-H(22A) 111.0
C(21)-C(22)-H(22A) 111.0
O(3)-C(22)-H(22B) 111.0
C(21)-C(22)-H(22B) 111.0
H(22A)-C(22)-H(22B) 109.0
N(3)-C(23)-O(3) 114.7(6)
N(3)-C(23)-C(24) 128.4(6)
O(3)-C(23)-C(24) 116.9(6)
C(23)-C(24)-C(25) 123.5(6)
C(23)-C(24)-C(40) 122.5(10)
C(25)-C(24)-C(40) 112.2(10)
C(23)-C(24)-C(40') 114.1(9)
C(25)-C(24)-C(40') 120.0(9)
N(4)-C(25)-O(4) 115.1(6)
N(4)-C(25)-C(24) 127.7(5)
O(4)-C(25)-C(24) 117.1(6)
O(4)-C(26)-C(27) 104.7(5)
O(4)-C(26)-H(26A) 110.8
C(27)-C(26)-H(26A) 110.8
O(4)-C(26)-H(26B) 110.8
C(27)-C(26)-H(26B) 110.8
H(26A)-C(26)-H(26B) 108.9
N(4)-C(27)-C(26) 102.0(6)
N(4)-C(27)-C(28) 112.5(5)
C(26)-C(27)-C(28) 110.5(5)
N(4)-C(27)-H(27) 110.5
C(26)-C(27)-H(27) 110.5
C(28)-C(27)-H(27) 110.5
C(33)-C(28)-C(29) 117.5(8)
C(33)-C(28)-C(27) 123.4(6)
C(29)-C(28)-C(27) 118.6(7)
C(28)-C(29)-C(30) 122.4(11)
C(28)-C(29)-H(29) 118.8
C(30)-C(29)-H(29) 118.8
C(29)-C(30)-C(31) 118.4(10)
C(29)-C(30)-H(30) 120.8
C(31)-C(30)-H(30) 120.8
C(32)-C(31)-C(30) 119.9(10)
C(32)-C(31)-H(31) 120.1
C(30)-C(31)-H(31) 120.1
C(31)-C(32)-C(33) 120.2(11)
C(31)-C(32)-H(32) 119.9
C(33)-C(32)-H(32) 119.9
C(28)-C(33)-C(32) 121.5(9)
C(28)-C(33)-H(33) 119.2
C(32)-C(33)-H(33) 119.2
C(35)-C(34)-C(39) 118.7(7)
C(35)-C(34)-C(21) 121.7(6)
C(39)-C(34)-C(21) 119.5(6)
C(34)-C(35)-C(36) 119.8(9)
C(34)-C(35)-H(35) 120.1
C(36)-C(35)-H(35) 120.1
C(37)-C(36)-C(35) 120.0(10)
C(37)-C(36)-H(36) 120.0
C(35)-C(36)-H(36) 120.0
C(38)-C(37)-C(36) 120.5(10)
C(38)-C(37)-H(37) 119.7
C(36)-C(37)-H(37) 119.7
C(37)-C(38)-C(39) 120.7(9)
C(37)-C(38)-H(38) 119.6
C(39)-C(38)-H(38) 119.6
C(38)-C(39)-C(34) 120.2(8)
C(38)-C(39)-H(39) 119.9
C(34)-C(39)-H(39) 119.9
N(6)-C(40)-C(24) 168(3)
N(6')-C(40')-C(24) 178(2)
Cl(3')-C(41)-Cl(1') 133.5(13)
Cl(3')-C(41)-Cl(2') 108.6(11)
Cl(1')-C(41)-Cl(2') 117.8(12)
Cl(2)-C(41)-Cl(3) 95.5(10)
Cl(2)-C(41)-Cl(1) 98.5(10)
Cl(3)-C(41)-Cl(1) 101.5(10)
Cl(2)-C(41)-H(41) 121.0
Cl(3)-C(41)-H(41) 120.9
Cl(1)-C(41)-H(41) 115.2
Cl(3')-C(41)-H(41') 86.3
Cl(1')-C(41)-H(41') 101.8
Cl(2')-C(41)-H(41') 79.9
（三）、腈硅化反应应用
2-苯基-2-（三甲硅氧基）丙腈
0.1mmol 配合物I, 苯甲醛0.1mL, TMSCN 0.3 ml (3.3mmol), 2mL二氯甲烷 相继在20~30˚C下加入，3天后， 加入水淬灭经柱层后（石油醚/二氯甲烷：5/1），得无色油状液体, 产率分别为：82%；1H NMR (300MHz, CDCl3) 7.56–7.59 (m, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 7.31–7.34 (m, 3H), 5.43 (s, 1H), 0.16 (s, 9H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) 136.1, 128.8(x2), 126.2(x2), 119.1, 63.5, -0.39(x3)。
（四）、烯丙基烷基化反应应用
取0.20mmol的配合物I（催化用量为20％）于25mL的小烧瓶中，加入2毫升的二氯甲烷溶液，然后，向上述溶液中加入0.1mL的苯甲醛与0.3mL的烯丙基三甲基硅烷，常温搅拌，反应小72小时后，进行核磁分析，转化率：51 %；1H NMR (300MHz, CDCl3) 7.27～7.33(m,5H, Ar-H), 5.79～5.80(m, 1H), 5.12～5.17 (m, 2H, -CH2), 4.71（d，J=5Hz，1H）,2.49～2.50(m, 2H)，2.28（s, 1H）。
（五）Baylis-Hillman反应应用
取0.20mmol的配合物I（催化用量为20％）于25mL的小烧瓶中，加入2毫升的二氯甲烷溶液，然后，向上述溶液中加入0.1mL的苯甲醛与0.5mL丙烯酸甲酯，常温搅拌，反应小72小时后，进行核磁分析，转化率：48 %; 1HNMR (300MHz, CDCl3) 7.20～7.41 (m, 5H, Ar-H), 6.30(s, 1H), 5.45 (s, 1H), 3.70(s, 3H), 3.15(s, 1H)。
（六）亨利反应应用
2-硝基-1苯基乙醇的制备
取0.20mmol的配合物I（催化用量为20％）于25mL的小烧瓶中，加入2毫升的无水甲醇溶液，然后，向上述溶液中加入0.1mL的苯甲醛与0.5mL的硝基甲烷，常温搅拌，反应小72小时后，进行核磁分析，转化率：65 %；1H NMR (300MHz, CDCl3) 7.28～7.32 (m, 5H, Ar-H), 5.32～5.35(d, J=9.18Hz, 1H, -CH), 4.38～4.56 (m, 2H, -CH2), 3.89(br, 1H,-OH)。
Claims (3)
1.一种由以下化学式(I)所示的手性锌氮配合物：
在293K±2K温度下，在牛津X-射线单晶衍射仪上，用经石墨单色器单色化的MoKα射线 以ω-θ扫描方式收集衍射数据，其特征在于晶体属单斜晶系,晶胞参数： α＝90°；β＝90°；γ＝90°。
2.权利要求1所示的手性锌氮配合物的合成方法，其特征在于：由四氰乙烯和D-苯丙氨醇在49mol％催化剂无水ZnCl2于氯苯溶剂中回流反应48小时分离、纯化，即反应结束后脱去氯苯，加水溶解后用氯仿萃取，萃取相脱溶后用柱层析纯化；将配合物(I)用石油醚及二氯甲烷按体积比3:7淋洗，柱层析分离，自然挥发得配合物固体，再加入三氯甲烷，乙醇及正己烷各20配制饱和溶液，自然挥发得含三氯甲烷结晶的式(I)所示的晶体化合物。
3.权利要求1所示的手性锌氮配合物的应用，其在苯甲醛的腈硅化反应、烯丙基烷基化反应、Baylis-Hillman反应及亨利反应中转化率分别为82％、51％、48％及65％。
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| US20120095180A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California Office Of Technology Transfer | Isolation of a c5-deprotonated imidazolium, a crystalline abnormal n-heterocyclic carbene |
| CN102617499A (zh) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-08-01 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
| CN102627616A (zh) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-08-08 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
| CN102633738A (zh) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-08-15 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
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| US20120095180A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California Office Of Technology Transfer | Isolation of a c5-deprotonated imidazolium, a crystalline abnormal n-heterocyclic carbene |
| CN102617499A (zh) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-08-01 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
| CN102627616A (zh) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-08-08 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
| CN102633738A (zh) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-08-15 | 罗梅 | 一种手性锌配合物 |
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