CN104493935A - Production method of Cryptomeria fortune timber homogeneous carbonized wood - Google Patents
Production method of Cryptomeria fortune timber homogeneous carbonized wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN104493935A CN104493935A CN201410671997.3A CN201410671997A CN104493935A CN 104493935 A CN104493935 A CN 104493935A CN 201410671997 A CN201410671997 A CN 201410671997A CN 104493935 A CN104493935 A CN 104493935A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
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Abstract
A production method of a Cryptomeria fortune timber homogeneous carbonized wood comprises eleven operations: cutting, degreasing, drying, moisture regain, stacking, feeding, heating, carbonization, cooling and drawing. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the Cryptomeria fortune timber is subjected to a degreasing treatment first to lay a good foundation for the realization of homogeneous carbonization; for feeding, the timer is coated with kaolin, so as to completely isolate from the air and uniformize carbonization effect; and after kiln sealing, the carbonization temperature is reduced overall, so that the same degree of carbonization on the Cryptomeria fortunei timber from the outer to the inner parts can be guarantees, and the moisture absorption, dimensional stability, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, hardness, compressive strength, bonding performance, coating performance, especially color of all parts of the timber show the same good characteristics. By improving the degreasing method, carbonization auxiliary materials and carbonization temperature and time, the carbonized wood can reach better homogenization effect; and the bonding effect can improved, and application value and economic benefit of the product can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forestry products processing technique field, particularly a kind of production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood.
Background technology
Carbonized wood is not carrying out charing process containing applying high temperature under any chemical agent condition to timber, its nutritional labeling is destroyed, thus there is good antiseptic insect-repelling function, because its water absorbing functional groups hemicellulose is reorganized, make product have good physical property.
Carbonized wood is real Green Product, although product has antiseptic insect-repelling performance, but not containing any harmful substance, not only increase the service life of timber, and the waste disposal in process of production in use procedure and after using can not have any negative effect to human body, animal and environment; Wood surface after charing has primary colors, yellow, brown or dark-brown aesthetic, and have effect that is anticorrosion and antibiont invasion and attack, its moisture content is low, not easily water suction, stable material quality, indeformable, complete degreasing overflow fat, heat-proof quality is good, construction is simple, brushing is convenient, without special odor, be desirable indoor and sauna material, become bathroom and decorate new fashion trend; Its Perishing prevention, anti-insect, resistance to deformation cracking, resistance to elevated temperatures also becomes the ideal material of outdoor swimming pool view.
Carbonized wood is in the market top layer carbonized wood and deep charring wood mainly, top layer carbonized wood is with oxygen welding gun barbecue, makes wood surface have the very thin charring layer of one deck, can the paint of analogy timber to the change of wood performance, but the wood grain of concave-convex surface can be highlighted, produce stereoeffect; Deep charring wood is through the timber of the high temperature carbonization technical finesse of about 200 degree, its deep layer is made also to obtain charing process, destroy the nutritional labeling of its inside, change the structure of its water absorbing functional groups hemicellulose, the object reaching anticorrosion protection against the tide and then the effect increased the service life.
Although deep charring wood can reach the effect of anticorrosion protection against the tide, but shade differs inside and outside it, have a strong impact on the quality effect of further converted products, for this reason, inventor research team is through studying practice for a long period of time, sum up the method for producing of a set of homogeneity carbonized wood, can not only anticorrosion protection against the tide, and also beautiful appearance, even, durable.So inventor R&D team has applied for the patent of " taking Masson pine timber as the production method of raw-material homogeneity carbonized wood " in June, 2013, number of patent application is 2013102572655, this patented method can make Masson pine timber obtain the charing process of same degree in each position from outside to inside, make the hygroscopicity at its each position, dimensional stability, mechanical property, corrosion resistance, hardness and crushing resistance, gummed and top finishing performance, particularly color all demonstrates identical superperformance, reaches real homogeneity charred effect.
But, through production practices one year over, inventor finds, still there are some problems in this patented method, first, degreasing imperfection, impact drying and charred effect, next is undesirable for the homogeneity effect of the thicker timber of 5-6cm, is that more difficult operation is accurate in the control of degree of carbonization again.Also find in addition, different materials needs to take different temperature, just can obtain better effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of for the problems referred to above cryptomeria timber is carried out degreasing, drying and charing to process, to obtain the consistent charred wood for the treatment of effect height inside and outside timber.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood, by sanction saw, degreasing, drying, moisture regain, stacking, enter kiln, intensification, charing, cooling, kiln discharge totally ten one procedures complete, it is characterized in that concrete production stage is as follows.
(1) cut out saw: cut out by cryptomeria timber and be sawn into the timber that length is 100-300cm, thickness 3-6cm.
(2) degreasing: boil being immersed in limewash after cryptomeria timber pile with little baked wheaten cake, until boil, then boils with big fire and boils 2-3 hour, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then puts into normal temperature clear water rinsed clean; Limewash for add 25 parts of lime according to weight portion in 100 parts of water.
(3) dry: in-furnace temperature will to be scorched and regulate between 68-72 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 25-30 hour, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, then stops spray water steam, regulates and scorch in-furnace temperature at 62-66 DEG C, vexed kiln 12-15 hour, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 80-84 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 3-5 hour; So 2-4 time repeatedly, then detect moisture content, until moisture content is 6-8%.
(4) get damp again: dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10-12 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, and by moisture control at 10-12%.
(5) stacking: by kaolin mud thick for the coated 8-12mm of cryptomeria timber outer surface after moisture regain, then pile up on steelframe, separate with stainless steel strip between timber and timber, briquetting is placed on upper strata; Wherein the thickness of steel bar is 1-2cm, and briquetting is the high-density objects of stable performance, its placement amount be 0.5-1.0 ton/square metre; Described kaolin mud is that the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after being dried by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
(6) enter kiln: pushed by cryptomeria timber good for code in charing process kiln, sealing wicket, closes each pore of charing process kiln.
(7) heat up: heat up in kiln, intensification 5-7 DEG C per hour, was interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100% early stage; Along with temperature raises, first at 70 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then at 100 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then at 120 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then rises to 150-180 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification 2-3 DEG C temperature per hour.
(8) carbonize: keep kiln temperature to be 150-180 DEG C according to cryptomeria wood raw material situation and color demand, in 10 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, make kiln humidity remain 100%, continue process 6-10 hour.
(9) lower the temperature: open each pore, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling 2-3 DEG C per hour when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling 5-7 DEG C per hour, divide in clockwise kiln every 20-30 and erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 40%-45% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, and temperature is maintained 80 DEG C of places and carry out drying, until when moisture content is 4.5%-8.0%, closes thermal source, open kiln completely, Temperature fall.
(10) kiln discharge: when kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, takes out timber, and break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.
When charing cryptomeria wood early wood and when needing the primary colors carbonized wood of color clear, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 5 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2 DEG C, at 150-155 DEG C, 6-7 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 2 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 5 DEG C.
When carbonize cryptomeria wood early wood and the yellow carbonized wood needing color moderate time, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 155-160 DEG C, 7-8 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 6 DEG C.
When charing cryptomeria wood early wood and when needing the yellowish-brown carbonized wood of color maturation, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 160-165 DEG C, 8-9 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C.
When carbonize cryptomeria wood late wood and the yellow carbonized wood needing color moderate time, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 165-170 DEG C, 7-8 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 6 DEG C.
As charing cryptomeria wood late wood and when needing the yellowish-brown carbonized wood of color maturation, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 170-175 DEG C, 8-9 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C.
When carbonize cryptomeria wood late wood and the brown carbonized wood needing color serious time, at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 3 DEG C, at 175-180 DEG C, 9-10 hour is processed during charing, cooling per hour 3 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and first cryptomeria timber is carried out ungrease treatment, can avoid carbonize in processing procedure because excessive fat too much and at high temperature time cause outer charing excessively to occur phenomenon uneven inside and outside degree of carbonization, lay a solid foundation for realizing homogeneity charing, use cold water boiling, contribute to better separating out grease, with boiling water cleaning, contribute to wash away grease better; With kaolin, timber is coated when entering kiln, air can be completely cut off completely and even charred effect; Different intensifications and cooling rate, carbonization temperature and carbonization time is taked according to the raw-material unlike material of cryptomeria and different colours target after envelope kiln, and reduce carbonization temperature on the whole, extend carbonization time, can ensure that cryptomeria timber obtains the charing process of same degree in each position from outside to inside like this, the hygroscopicity at its each position, dimensional stability, mechanical property, corrosion resistance, hardness and crushing resistance, gummed and top finishing performance, particularly color is made all to demonstrate identical superperformance.By improving degreasing method, charing auxiliary material and carbonization temperature and time, carbonized wood can be made to reach better homogeneity effect, also can improve gummed property effect simultaneously, improve using value and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are intended to the present invention instead of limitation of the invention further are described, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1.
10m3 cryptomeria timber early wood is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 100cm, thickness 3cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 3 hours, then burns big fire and boils 2 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 68 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 25 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 62 DEG C, vexed kiln 12 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 80 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 3 hours; So 2 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 6%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 10%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 8mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 2.5 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 5 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 150 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 2 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 6 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 2 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 5 DEG C, in 20 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 40% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, at this moment when to record moisture content be 4.5%, close thermal source, stop eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color of this carbonized wood is substantially close to cryptomeria timber primary colors.
Embodiment 2.
10m3 cryptomeria timber early wood is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 200cm, thickness 4cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 3 hours, then burns big fire and boils 2.5 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 69 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 27 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 63 DEG C, vexed kiln 13 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 81 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 4 hours; So 3 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 6.5%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 10.8%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 9mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 2.5 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 155 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 7 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 6 DEG C, in 25 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 45% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, at this moment when to record moisture content be 5.5%, close thermal source, stop eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color of this carbonized wood is yellow.
Embodiment 3.
10m3 cryptomeria timber early wood is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 300cm, thickness 5cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 2.5 hours, then burns big fire and boils 3 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 70 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 29 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 64 DEG C, vexed kiln 14 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 82 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 5 hours; So 4 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 7.1%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 11.3%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 10mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 4 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 160 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 6 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 7 DEG C, in 30 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 45% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, at this moment when to record moisture content be 6.5%, close thermal source, stop eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color of this carbonized wood is yellowish-brown.
Embodiment 4.
10m3 cryptomeria timber late wood is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 100cm, thickness 3cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 3 hours, then burns big fire and boils 3 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 70 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 26 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 64 DEG C, vexed kiln 13 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 82 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 3 hours; So 2 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 6%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 10%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 10mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 2.5 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 165 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 8 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 6 DEG C, in 20 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 40% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, at this moment when to record moisture content be 5.5%, close thermal source, stop eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color of this carbonized wood is yellow.
Embodiment 5.
10m3 cryptomeria timber is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 200cm, thickness 5cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 3.5 hours, then burns big fire and boils 2.5 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 71 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 28 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 65 DEG C, vexed kiln 14.5 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 83 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 4 hours; So 3 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 7%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 11 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 11.5%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 11mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 5 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 170 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 9 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 7 DEG C, in 25 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 40% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, at this moment when to record moisture content be 7.5%, close thermal source, stop eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color of this carbonized wood is yellowish-brown.
Embodiment 6.
10m3 cryptomeria timber is cut out and is sawn into the timber that length is 300cm, thickness 6cm; Then being immersed in concentration is boil with little baked wheaten cake in the lime aqueous solution of 20%, boils after 4 hours, then burns big fire and boils 3 hours continuously, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then put into clear water rinsed clean; Then will scorch in-furnace temperature and be adjusted to 72 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 30 hours, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, and then stop spray water steam, regulating and scorching in-furnace temperature is 66 DEG C, vexed kiln 15 hours, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 84 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 5 hours; So 4 times repeatedly, then detect moisture content, recording moisture content is 8%; Then dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 12 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, obtain the cryptomeria timber that moisture content is 12%.
Then prepare kaolin mud, the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after drying by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand.
Kaolin mud is coated on the outer surface of every root cryptomeria timber, slurry thickness is 12mm, then cryptomeria timber stacking is separated with the stainless steel strip that thickness is 1cm between timber and timber on steelframe, no longer move after putting well, in order to avoid oppress outside the breach making mud occur is exposed to because of steelframe; Amassing because of upper surface is 5 square metres, so place 5 tons of channel-section steels as briquetting; Then cryptomeria timber stacking good for code is pushed in charing process kiln, then seal wicket, close each pore; Then heat up in kiln, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage, is interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100%; Along with temperature raises, first stablize at 70 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize at 100 DEG C of temperature places and continue maintenance 2 hours, then stablize lasting maintenance 2 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature places, then rise to 180 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification per hour 3 DEG C of temperature; Keep temperature and erupt a steam in 10 points of clockwise kilns, relative humidity in kiln is made to remain 100%, continue process and open each pore after 10 hours, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling per hour 3 DEG C when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, when later stage kiln temperature is below 120 DEG C, cooling per hour 7 DEG C, in 30 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 45% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, room temperature was 30 DEG C at that time, so in-furnace temperature to be maintained dry 4 hours of 80 DEG C of places, when at this moment to record moisture content be 8%, closed thermal source, stopped eruption steam, open kiln completely, carry out Temperature fall; When kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, take out timber, break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.The color brown of this carbonized wood.
Compared with the Masson pine timber homogeneity carbonized wood product that the homogeneity carbonized wood now various embodiments of the present invention processed and inventor team applied for last year, obtain following comparison sheet.
the Performance comparision table of cryptomeria homogeneity carbide wood and masson pine homogeneity carbonized wood
As can be seen here, by improving degreasing method, charing auxiliary material and carbonization temperature and time, carbonized wood can be made to reach better homogeneity effect, also can improve gummed property effect simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood, by sanction saw, degreasing, drying, moisture regain, stacking, enter kiln, intensification, charing, cooling, kiln discharge totally ten one procedures complete, it is characterized in that concrete production stage is as follows:
(1) cut out saw: cut out by cryptomeria timber and be sawn into the timber that length is 100-300cm, thickness 3-6cm;
(2) degreasing: boil being immersed in limewash after cryptomeria timber pile with little baked wheaten cake, until boil, then boils with big fire and boils 2-3 hour, then rinsing 0.5 hour in the clear water boiled, then puts into normal temperature clear water rinsed clean; Limewash for add 25 parts of lime according to weight portion in 100 parts of water;
(3) dry: in-furnace temperature will to be scorched and regulate between 68-72 DEG C, and make it in saturation state to spray water steam in steaming oven, then the cryptomeria timber after degreasing is put into steaming oven fully to absorb water, after 25-30 hour, the water suction of cryptomeria timber reaches capacity state, then stops spray water steam, regulates and scorch in-furnace temperature at 62-66 DEG C, vexed kiln 12-15 hour, then open steam vent to be outwards vented, and in-furnace temperature will be scorched rise to 80-84 DEG C gradually, carry out getting rid of water 3-5 hour; So 2-4 time repeatedly, then detect moisture content, until moisture content is 6-8%;
(4) get damp again: dried cryptomeria timber is moved to moisture regain room and stack 10-12 days, make the fiber moisture absorption uniformly and stably in cryptomeria timber, and by moisture control at 10-12%;
(5) stacking: by kaolin mud thick for the coated 8-12mm of cryptomeria timber outer surface after moisture regain, then pile up on steelframe, separate with stainless steel strip between timber and timber, briquetting is placed on upper strata; Wherein the thickness of steel bar is 1-2cm, and briquetting is the high-density objects of stable performance, its placement amount be 0.5-1.0 ton/square metre; Described kaolin mud is that the removal of impurities that is crushed into powder after being dried by kaolin is sieved, and being added water by powder is mixed into thick mud, until can pinch out shape with hand;
(6) enter kiln: pushed by cryptomeria timber good for code in charing process kiln, sealing wicket, closes each pore of charing process kiln;
(7) heat up: heat up in kiln, intensification 5-7 DEG C per hour, was interrupted and erupts steam in kiln, make kiln humidity remain 100% early stage; Along with temperature raises, first at 70 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then at 100 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then at 120 DEG C of temperature places, stable continuing keeps 2-4 hour, then rises to 150-180 DEG C in the later stage gradually with the speed of intensification 2-3 DEG C temperature per hour;
(8) carbonize: keep kiln temperature to be 150-180 DEG C according to cryptomeria wood raw material situation and color demand, in 10 points of clockwise kilns, erupt a steam, make kiln humidity remain 100%, continue process 6-10 hour;
(9) lower the temperature: open each pore, lower the temperature in kiln, cooling 2-3 DEG C per hour when early stage, kiln temperature was more than 120 DEG C, later stage kiln temperature 120 DEG C once time, cooling 5-7 DEG C per hour, divide in clockwise kiln every 20-30 and erupt a steam, and make kiln humidity be down to 40%-45% gradually from 100%; Stop eruption steam when in-furnace temperature being down to 80 DEG C, and temperature is maintained 80 DEG C of places and carry out drying, until when moisture content is 4.5%-8.0%, closes thermal source, open kiln completely, Temperature fall;
(10) kiln discharge: when kiln temperature is down to below 45 DEG C, takes out timber, and break into pieces and reclaim kaolin and prepare against use again, remaining timber is the homogeneity carbide wood finished product of cryptomeria timber.
2. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, when charing cryptomeria wood early wood and when needing the primary colors carbonized wood of color clear, intensification per hour 5 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2 DEG C, at 150-155 DEG C, 6-7 hour is processed, cooling per hour 2 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 5 DEG C during charing.
3. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, when carbonize cryptomeria wood early wood and the yellow carbonized wood needing color moderate time, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 155-160 DEG C, 7-8 hour is processed, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 6 DEG C during charing.
4. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, when charing cryptomeria wood early wood and when needing the yellowish-brown carbonized wood of color maturation, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 160-165 DEG C, 8-9 hour is processed, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C during charing.
5. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, when carbonize cryptomeria wood late wood and the yellow carbonized wood needing color moderate time, intensification per hour 6 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 165-170 DEG C, 7-8 hour is processed, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 6 DEG C during charing.
6. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, as charing cryptomeria wood late wood and when needing the yellowish-brown carbonized wood of color maturation, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 2.5 DEG C, at 170-175 DEG C, 8-9 hour is processed, cooling per hour 2.5 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C during charing.
7. the production and processing method of cryptomeria timber homogeneity carbonized wood according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that at heating step (8), carbonization (9) with cooling step (10) in, when carbonize cryptomeria wood late wood and the brown carbonized wood needing color serious time, intensification per hour 7 DEG C in early stage during intensification, later stage intensification per hour 3 DEG C, at 175-180 DEG C, 9-10 hour is processed, cooling per hour 3 DEG C in early stage during cooling, later stage cooling per hour 7 DEG C during charing.
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