CN104491023A - 高血压ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂及制备 - Google Patents
高血压ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂及制备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104491023A CN104491023A CN201410812747.7A CN201410812747A CN104491023A CN 104491023 A CN104491023 A CN 104491023A CN 201410812747 A CN201410812747 A CN 201410812747A CN 104491023 A CN104491023 A CN 104491023A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂及其制备方法,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡8-16;菊花10-15;黄芩7-10;党参9-15;徐长卿6-10;茯苓6-9;荷叶10-20;生龙骨8-12;生珍珠母4-9;生牡蛎8-12;酒大黄5-10;广玉兰8-12;甘草6-10。本发明标本兼治、安全无毒副作用、不会产生依赖性、无反弹。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医中药领域,特别是涉及一种高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
高血压是常见的心血管疾病,以体循环动脉血压持续性增高为主要表现的临床综合征。高血压定义为收缩压≥140mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg,根据血压升高水平,又进一步将高血压分为1~3级。1级高血压(轻度)收缩压140~159和/或舒张压90~99;2级高血压(中度)收缩压160~179和/或舒张压100~109;3级高血压(重度)收缩压≥180和/或舒张压≥140mmHg。收缩压≥140mmHg和舒张压<90mmHg单列为单纯性收缩期高血压。高血压病可称为“风眩”,归属于中医的“眩晕”、“头痛”、“中风”等范畴。由于情志失调,膳食不当,久病过劳,先天禀赋不足等引发阴阳失衡,脏腑气血失调,清窍失其濡养,产生头晕头痛,项背强急,手足麻痹,面红升火,记忆力下降等。在诊断上可分为以下多少种类:肝阳偏亢,肝肾阴虚、阴阳两虚三型及痰阻、血瘀、内风三个兼证。病因:1.习惯因素遗传:大约半数高血压患者有家族史。2.环境因素。3.年龄:发病率着随年龄增长而增高的趋势,40岁以上者发病率高。4.其他:肥胖者发病率高;避孕药;睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。临床表现:高血压的症状因人而异。早期可能无症状或症状不明显,仅仅会在劳累、精神紧张、情绪波动后发生血压升高,并在休息后恢复正常。随着病程延长,血压明显的持续升高,逐渐会出现各种症状。此时被称为缓进型高血压病。缓进型高血压病常见的临床症状有头痛、头晕、注意力不集中、记忆力减退、肢体麻木、夜尿增多、心悸、胸闷、乏力等。当血压突然升高到一定程度时甚至会出现剧烈头痛、呕吐、心悸、眩晕等症状,严重时会发生神志不清、抽搐。这就属于急进型高血压和高血压危重症,多会在短期内发生严重的心、脑、肾等器官的损害和病变,如中风、心梗、肾衰等。症状与血压升高的水平并无一致的关系。
治疗:1.治疗目的及原则。降压治疗的最终目的是减少高血压患者心、脑血管病的发生率和死亡率。降压治疗应该确立血压控制目标值。另一方面,高血压常常与其他心、脑血管病的危险因素合并存在,例如高胆固醇血症、肥胖、糖尿病等,协同加重心血管疾病危险,治疗措施应该是综合性的。(1)改善生活行为:①减轻体重。②减少钠盐摄入。③补充钙和钾盐。④减少脂肪摄入。⑤增加运动。⑥戒烟、限制饮酒。(2)血压控制标准个体化:由于病因不同,高血压发病机制不尽相同,临床用药分别对待,选择最合适药物和剂量,以获得最佳疗效。(3)多重心血管危险因素协同控制:降压治疗后尽管血压控制在正常范围,血压升高以外的多种危险因素依然对预后产生重要影响。2.降压药物治疗。(1)降压药物种类:①利尿药。②β受体阻滞剂。③钙通道阻滞剂。④血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。⑤血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂。(2)治疗方案:大多数无并发症或合并症患者可以单独或者联合使用噻嗪类利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂等。治疗应从小剂量开始,逐步递增剂量。临床实际使用时,患者心血管危险因素状况、靶器官损害、并发症、合并症、降压疗效、不良反应等,都会影响降压药的选择。2级高血压患者在开始时就可以采用两种降压药物联合治疗。
申请公布号 CN 102106979 A(申请号 201110040799.3)的中国专利文献公开了一种治疗高血压的药物,该药物是由茨实、熟地、芦根、钩藤、天麻、地龙、白芷、白芍、枝子、元胡、金钱草、茯苓、竹叶、大黄、灯蕊、甘草、板蓝根、山楂按传统中药制备工艺配制而成。申请公布号 CN 102940730 A(申请号 201210443507.5)的中国专利文献公开了一种治疗高血压的中药,它是由下述重量份中药原料药物配制而成:罗布麻2-15份、野菊花2-20份、山楂10-30份、夏枯草2-10份、紫苏3-10份、钩藤3-15份、枸杞子6-15份、石决明3-10份、杜仲6-15份。申请公布号 CN 103784575 A(申请号 201310648980.1)的中国专利文献公开了一种治疗高血压的中药,以质量份数计,包括野菊花5-10份、夏如草5-10份、甘草10-15份、红丹参5-10份、鱼腥草5-10份和金银花2-10份,所述中药的制备方案为:将上述中药材加水煎煮1-3小时,加水量是药量的两倍,过滤得到药汁。
服用西药,是长久以来高血压患者的传统降压手法。但是,西药治标不治本,因为它无法抑制病情恶化,不仅不能阻断并发症,反而会加剧并发症的发生。这是因为,由降压药产生的大量的药物代谢毒素会沉积在血管壁上,服用越多沉积的也就越多,最终导致血管硬化、变薄、变脆;再加上降压药是通过强力扩张血管以达到快速降压的,因此必然使原本已经硬化的血管变得更加脆弱,而这将会严重地损害心、脑、肝、肾等重要的人体器官,并加剧并发症的发生,最终危及人的生命。而且使用这类药物存在副作用,长期使用会产生依赖性,易反弹。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂及其制备方法。本发明标本兼治、安全无毒副作用、不会产生依赖性、无反弹。
本发明的技术方案是:
高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡8-16;菊花10-15;黄芩7-10;党参9-15;徐长卿6-10;茯苓6-9;荷叶10-20;生龙骨8-12;生珍珠母4-9;生牡蛎8-12;酒大黄5-10;广玉兰8-12;甘草6-10。
高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,优选的方案是,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡10-14;菊花11-14;黄芩8-9;党参11-14;徐长卿7-9;茯苓7-8.5;荷叶13-16;生龙骨9-11;生珍珠母5-8;生牡蛎9-11;酒大黄6-9;广玉兰9-11;甘草7-9。
高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,更加优选的方案是,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡12;菊花12;黄芩8.5;党参13;徐长卿8;茯苓7.5;荷叶14;生龙骨10;生珍珠母6;生牡蛎10;酒大黄7;广玉兰10;甘草8。
本发明还提供了将上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂制成药学上可接受的汤剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂的制备方法。
所述汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,筛得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的2.8-4.6倍(优选加水量为3种药物总重量的3.6倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮50-80分钟(优选后转文火煎煮65分钟),滤出药液;
(3)将柴胡、黄芩、党参、徐长卿、茯苓、广玉兰和甘草7味中药加入到步骤(2)盛有药渣的砂锅中,加水,加水量为7种药物总重量的3.2-4.8倍(优选加水量为7种药物总重量的4.2倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮30-50分钟(优选后转文火煎煮40分钟),加入菊花和荷叶,继续煎煮8-15分钟(优选继续煎煮12分钟),趁热将药液滤出后,将药渣用双层纱布包好,绞取药渣内剩余药液;
(4)合并三次药液,然后,将步骤(1)所得细粉加入即可。
所述丸剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过110-130目筛(优选过120目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的3.2-5.2倍(优选加水量为3种药物总重量的4倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮60-90分钟(优选后转文火煎煮75分钟),滤出药液,静置3.5-5小时(优选静置4.5小时),得滤液;
(3)将除酒大黄、生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎外的其余9味中药共研成末,过110-130目筛(优选过120目筛);
(4)将步骤(1)和步骤(3)所得细粉搅拌,充分混匀,用步骤(2)所得滤液泛丸,制得的每丸的重量为0.2-0.5g(优选制得的每丸的重量为0.4g),在60-80℃的温度下干燥(优选在70℃的温度下干燥),使丸剂含水量控制在8%以内,即得。
所述散剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(3)将菊花和荷叶共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(4) 将除酒大黄、生龙骨、生珍珠母、生牡蛎、菊花和荷叶外的其余7味中药共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)、步骤(3)和步骤(4)所得细粉充分混匀,无菌封装,每包0.2g,即得。
所述颗粒剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过150-170目筛(优选过160目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将除酒大黄外的其余药材分别研成细粉,过150-170目筛(优选过160目筛);
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)所得细粉与辅料淀粉置容器内充分混匀,加水制成软材;
(4)将步骤(3)所得软材以挤压方式通过14-22目筛网(优选将步骤(3)所得软材以挤压方式通过20目筛网),制成均匀的颗粒;
(5)将步骤(4)所得颗粒在65℃-75℃的温度下干燥(优选将步骤(4)所得颗粒在70℃的温度下干燥),颗粒的含水量控制在2%以内,即得。
本发明提供的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂简便易于使用。除此之外,本发明的优良效果还表现在:
1、作用持久;
2、方便安全,且无毒副用,易于高血压病人接受;
3、服用次数少,标本兼治,无反弹;
4、有养阴清热、补中益气、凉血止血、疏肝平肝、潜阳、健脾宁心、重镇安神等功效,对于治疗高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症效果显著。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明的技术方案,但保护范围不限于此。
本发明所用主要中药原料的药理如下:
柴胡:基原:为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根。药性:苦,微寒。归肝、胆经。 功用主治:和解表里,疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胸胁胀痛,月经不调,子宫脱垂,脱肛。
菊花:基原:为菊科植物菊的头状花序。化学成份:花和茎含挥发油,并有腺嘌呤、胆碱、水苏碱等。花又含菊甙、氨基酸、黄酮类及微量维生素B1。挥发油主要含龙脑、樟脑、菊油环酮等。黄酮类有木犀草素-7-葡萄糖甙、大波斯菊甙、刺槐甙。尚含丁二酸二甲基酰肼。药性:甘、苦,凉。归肺、肝经。功用主治:疏风,清热,明目,解毒。治头痛,眩晕,目赤,心胸烦热,疔疮,肿毒。
黄芩:基原:为唇形科植物黄芩的干燥根。药性:苦,寒。归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。功用主治:清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
党参:基原:为桔梗科植物党参、素花党参、或川党参等的干燥根。党参含甾醇类有:α-菠菜甾醇、豆甾醇、α-菠菜甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖甙、豆甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖甙、α-菠菜甾酮、豆甾酮等。糖和甙类有:菊糖、果糖、四种含果糖的杂多糖。丁香甙、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖己醇甙、α-D-呋喃果糖乙醇甙。生物碱及含氮成分有:胆碱、正丁基脲基甲酸酯、党参酸、5-羟基-2-羟甲基吡啶、烟碱。挥发性成分有:己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、十二酸、壬二酸、十四酸、十五酸、十六酸、十八酸、十八碳二烯酸、2,4-壬二烯酸、正十五烷、α-姜黄烯、正十七烷、正十八烷、正十九烷、正廿一烷、正廿二烷、十四酸甲酯、十五酸甲酯、十六酸甲酯、硬脂酸甲酯、十八碳二烯酸甲酯、蒎烯、十六酸乙酯、辛酸甲酯。 尚含三萜类及其他成分:蒲公英萜醇、乙酰蒲公英萜醇、木栓酮;苍术内酯Ⅱ、Ⅲ;丁香醛、香荚兰酸、2-呋喃羟酸酯、党参内酯、5-羟甲基糠醛、5-甲氧基糠醛。此外,亦含铁、锌、铜、锰等14种无机元素及天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸等17种氨基酸药性:甘,平。归脾、肺经。功用主治:补中益气,健脾益肺。用于脾肺虚弱,气短心悸,食少便溏,虚喘咳嗽,内热消渴。
徐长卿:基原:为萝藦科植物徐长卿的根及根茎或带根全草。化学成分:全草含牡丹酚约l%。又找出有与肉珊瑚甙元、去酚牛皮消甙元、茸毛牛 奶藤甙元和去酰萝甙元极为相似的物质以及醋酸 、桂皮酸等。根含黄酮甙、糖类、氨基酸、牡丹酚。含C21甾类化合物。水解产物中含肉珊瑚甙元、去乙酰萝藦甙元、去乙酰牛皮消甙元及托曼甙元,尚含D-加拿大麻糖、D-洋地黄毒糖、L-夹竹桃糖和D-沙门糖。另有报道含C21变形甾甙类化合物,由芫花叶白前甙元D和不同糖链成的徐长卿甙A,B,C及芫花叶白前甙元B所形成的白薇甙B。此外还含牡丹酚、异丹皮酚、硬脂酸癸酯、蜂花烷、十六烯、β-谷甾醇和D-赤丝草醇。药性:辛,温。①《本经》:“味辛,温。”②《别录》:“无毒。”功用主治:镇痛,止咳,利水消肿,活血解毒。治胃痛,牙痛,风湿疼痛,经期腹痛,慢性气管炎,腹水,水肿,痢疾,肠炎,跌打损伤,湿疹,荨麻疹,毒蛇咬伤。
茯苓:基原:为多孔菌科真菌茯苓的干燥菌核。药性:甘、淡,平。归心、肺、脾、肾经。功用主治:利水渗湿,健脾宁心。用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。
荷叶:基原:为睡莲科植物莲的干燥叶。药性:苦,平。归肝、脾、胃经。功用主治:清热解暑,升发清阳,凉血止血。用于多种出血症及产后血晕。
生龙骨:基原:为古代哺乳动物如象类、犀牛类、三趾马等的骨骼的化石。主要成分:主要为碳酸钙、磷酸钙,亦含铁、钾、钠、氯、硫酸根等。药性:甘涩,平。归心、肝、肾、大肠经。功用主治:重镇安神镇惊安神,敛汗固精,止血涩肠,生肌敛疮。治惊痫癫狂,怔忡健忘,失眠多梦,自汗盗汗,遗精淋浊,吐衄便血,崩漏带下,泻痢脱肛,溃疡久不收口。
生珍珠母:基原:为珍珠贝科动物珍珠贝、马氏珠珠贝或蚌科动物几种河蚌贝壳的珍珠层。化学成份:射线裂脊蚌的贝壳中,含碳酸钙90%以上,有机质约0.34%;尚含少量镁、铁、硅酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐和氯化物。煅烧后,碳酸盐分解,产生氧化钙等,有机质则被破坏。药性:咸,凉。《中国医学大辞典》:“入心、肝两经。”功用主治:平肝,潜阳,定惊,止血。治头眩,耳鸣,心悸,失眠,癫狂,惊痫,吐血,衄血,妇女血崩。
生牡蛎:为牡蛎科动物长牡蛎、大连湾牡蛎或近江牡蛎的贝壳。药性:咸,微寒。归肝、胆、肾经。功用主治:重镇安神,潜阳补阴,软坚散结,收敛固涩。用于惊悸失眠,眩晕耳鸣,瘰疬痰核,癥瘕痞块,自汗盗汗,遗精崩带,胃痛吞酸。
广玉兰:基原:为木兰科木兰属植物荷花玉兰的花和树皮。成分:皮部含生物碱:木兰花碱,白栝楼碱;糖苷类:广玉兰立定苷,广玉兰赖宁苷,广玉兰西丁苷,丁香苷,无梗五加苷B等。药性:《湖南药物志》:“微辛,温,无毒。”功用主治:祛风散寒,行气止痛。主治外感风寒,头痛鼻塞,脘腹胀痛,呕吐腹泻,高血压病,偏头痛。
大黄:基原:为家科植物掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄或药用大黄的干燥根及根茎。药性:苦,寒。归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。功用主治:泻热通肠,凉血解毒,逐瘀通经。用于实热便秘,积滞腹痛,泻痢不爽,湿热黄值,血热吐衄,目赤,咽肿,肠痈腹痛,痈肿疗疮,瘀血经闭,跌扑损伤,外治水火烫伤;上消化道出血。酒大黄是属于大黄药材炮制品中的一种,将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,闷润,放在锅中炒,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,筛得酒大黄细粉。酒大黄善清上焦血分热毒。用于目赤咽肿.齿龈肿痛。注意:孕妇及月经期、哺乳期慎用。
甘草:基原:为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根及根茎。药性:甘,平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。功用主治:补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,院腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
实施例1高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量份的主要原料药制备而成(每份为100g):柴胡8份,菊花10份,黄芩7份,党参9份,徐长卿6份,茯苓6份,荷叶10份,生龙骨8份,生珍珠母4份,生牡蛎8份,酒大黄5份,广玉兰8份,甘草6份。
上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12g,闷润1.5小时,放在锅中炒15分钟,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,筛得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的2.8倍,先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮50分钟,滤出药液;
(3)将柴胡、黄芩、党参、徐长卿、茯苓、广玉兰和甘草7味中药加入到步骤(2)盛有药渣的砂锅中,加水,加水量为7种药物总重量的3.2倍,先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮30分钟,加入菊花和荷叶,继续煎煮8分钟,趁热将药液滤出后,将药渣用双层纱布包好,绞取药渣内剩余药液;
(4)合并三次药液,然后,将步骤(1)所得细粉加入即可。
本发明汤剂使用方法:口服,每日2次,每次240mL(温热)。
实施例2高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量份的主要原料药制备而成(每份为100g):柴胡16份,菊花15份,黄芩10份,党参15份,徐长卿10份,茯苓9份,荷叶20份,生龙骨12份,生珍珠母9份,生牡蛎12份,酒大黄10份,广玉兰12份,甘草10份。
上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂丸剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒15g,闷润2.5小时,放在锅中炒25分钟,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过120目筛,得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的4倍,先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮75分钟,滤出药液,静置4.5小时,得滤液;
(3)将除酒大黄、生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎外的其余9味中药共研成末,过120目筛;
(4)将步骤(1)和步骤(3)所得细粉搅拌,充分混匀,用步骤(2)所得滤液泛丸,制得的每丸的重量为0.4g,在70℃的温度下干燥,使丸剂含水量控制在8%以内,即得。
典型病例一:李XX,男,37岁。近2个月总感到头昏脑涨,有时还伴有头痛、乏力、头重脚轻等症状,工作时注意力不集中,有时经常由于一点小事就心烦并且时常大发脾气,有时晚上还经常会发生失眠的症状前来就诊。查BP:148/95。诊断为高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症。服用本实施例所得高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂丸剂,每日三次,每次10丸。服用两天,头痛、乏力、头重脚轻等症状减轻。服用5天,诸症状消失,血压132/82。随访未反弹。
实施例3高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量份的主要原料药制备而成(每份为100g):柴胡10份,菊花11份,黄芩8份,党参11份,徐长卿7份,茯苓7份,荷叶13份,生龙骨9份,生珍珠母5份,生牡蛎9份,酒大黄6份,广玉兰9份,甘草7份。
上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂散剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒15g,闷润2.5小时,放在锅中炒25分钟,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过150目筛,得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎共研成末,过150目筛;
(3)将菊花和荷叶共研成末,过150目筛;
(4)将除生龙骨、生珍珠母、生牡蛎、菊花和荷叶的其余7味中药共研成末,过150目筛;
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)、步骤(3)和步骤(4)所得细粉充分混匀,无菌封装,每包0.2g,即得。
典型病例二:周XX,女,58岁。患有高血压4年,伴有头重压感,头痛,头晕,手脚无力,恶心呕吐。现病情加重,之前都是秋冬,炎夏才头痛的,现在长年头痛,头重压感,头晕,手脚无力,恶心呕吐,睡不着,血压也一直控制不住,脸色很差,吃不好。曾住院并给予降压,疏通血管,营养脑细胞治疗,出院不久,回家又复发。查BP:152/96。患者自述头感觉有东西压着,胃口不好,吃不下东西,呕吐,手脚无力。诊断为高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症。服用本实施例所得高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂散剂,每日两次,每次0.4g(开水冲服)。服用3天,头重等症状明显减轻。继续服用4天,诸症消失,血压恢复正常,随访至今未反弹。
实施例4高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量份的主要原料药制备而成(每份为100g):柴胡14份,菊花14份,黄芩9份,党参14份,徐长卿9份,茯苓8.5份,荷叶16份,生龙骨11份,生珍珠母8份,生牡蛎11份,酒大黄9份,广玉兰11份,甘草9份。
上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂颗粒剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒15g,闷润2.5小时,放在锅中炒25分钟,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过160目筛,得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将除酒大黄外的其余药材分别研成细粉,过160目筛;
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)所得细粉与辅料淀粉置容器内充分混匀,加水制成软材;
(4)将步骤(3)所得软材以挤压方式通过20目筛网,制成均匀的颗粒;
(5)将步骤(4)所得颗粒在70℃的温度下干燥,颗粒的含水量控制在2%以内,即得。
典型病例三:范XX,男,65岁。主诉:间断性发作性头重1月余。1月前常无明显诱因出现头重、头闷,呈间断性发作。偶有心悸,心慌,耳鸣,头晕,手足心发热。性格较急,易怒。既往有高血压病史2年,未服药。查BP:155/95mmHg,一般情况可。唇舌根白薄腻,舌下丝瘀点明显,脉细弦。诊断为高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症。服用本实施例所得高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂颗粒剂,每日三次,每次15g,开水冲服。服用两天,测血压145/90mmHg,头重感减轻。继续服用两天,已无头重的感觉,血压125/78mmHg。随访未反弹。
实施例5高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,取下述重量份的主要原料药制备而成(每份为100g):柴胡12份,菊花12份,黄芩8.5份,党参13份,徐长卿8份,茯苓7.5份,荷叶14份,生龙骨10份,生珍珠母6份,生牡蛎10份,酒大黄7份,广玉兰10份,甘草8份。
上述高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒15g,闷润2.5小时,放在锅中炒25分钟,取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,筛得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的3.6倍,先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮65分钟,滤出药液;
(3)将柴胡、黄芩、党参、徐长卿、茯苓、广玉兰和甘草7味中药加入到步骤(2)盛有药渣的砂锅中,加水,加水量为7种药物总重量的4.2倍,先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮40分钟,加入菊花和荷叶,继续煎煮12分钟,趁热将药液滤出后,将药渣用双层纱布包好,绞取药渣内剩余药液;
(4)合并三次药液,然后,将步骤(1)所得细粉加入即可。
试验例1 实施例5所得高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂的临床应用:2009年2月-2010年12月,在6所医院筛选266例高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症患者,其中男142例,女124例,年龄34-71岁,平均年龄53.5岁。随机分为两组,实验组和对照组(每组133人)。实验组男70例,女性63例,年龄34-71岁,平均年龄53.5岁。对照组男72例,女61例,年龄34-71岁,平均年龄53.5岁。以上两组患者在年龄结构、性别组成、疾病严重程度、患者一般情况等方面比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),病例资料具有可比性。实验组使用本实施例5所得产品,使用方法:口服,每日两次,每次240mL(温热)。对照组使用如卡托普利,尼群地平、拜新同等药品。高血压疗效判定标准:治愈:服药后的血压恢复至正常值,临床症状全部消失;显效:服药后的血压接近正常值,临床症状明显改善;无效:服药前后血压没有明显变化,临床症状无改善。总有效包括治愈和显效。治疗七天后,结果如表1所示。
表1:实施例5所得高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂效果验证
治疗效果:治愈91例(68.42%),显效40例(30.08%),无效2例(1.50%),总有效率98.5%。效果明显优于对照组。
本发明选择柴胡、菊花、黄芩、党参和徐长卿等进行配伍,制成高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂。方中柴胡和解表里,疏肝,升阳。菊花治头目眩晕。黄芩养阴清热。党参补中益气,健脾益肺。徐长卿镇痛,止咳,利水消肿,活血解毒。茯苓利水渗湿,健脾宁心。荷叶清热解暑,升发清阳,凉血止血。生龙骨重镇安神、镇惊安神,敛汗固精,止血涩肠,生肌敛疮。生珍珠母平肝,潜阳,定惊,止血。生牡蛎重镇安神,潜阳补阴,软坚散结,收敛固涩。广玉兰祛风散寒,行气止痛。酒大黄善清上焦血分热毒。甘草通经脉,利血气,调和诸药。诸药合用,有养阴清热、补中益气、凉血止血、疏肝平肝、潜阳、健脾宁心、重镇安神等功效,对于治疗高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症效果显著。
最后应说明的是,实施例只是本发明最优的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡8-16,菊花10-15,黄芩7-10,党参9-15,徐长卿6-10,茯苓6-9,荷叶10-20,生龙骨8-12,生珍珠母4-9,生牡蛎8-12,酒大黄5-10,广玉兰8-12,甘草6-10。
2.如权利要求1所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡10-14,菊花11-14,黄芩8-9,党参11-14,徐长卿7-9,茯苓7-8.5,荷叶13-16,生龙骨9-11,生珍珠母5-8,生牡蛎9-11,酒大黄6-9,广玉兰9-11,甘草7-9。
3.如权利要求1所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,取下述重量配比的主要原料药制备而成:柴胡12,菊花12,黄芩8.5,党参13,徐长卿8,茯苓7.5,荷叶14,生龙骨10,生珍珠母6,生牡蛎10,酒大黄7,广玉兰10,甘草8。
4.如权利要求1~3任一所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,将该高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂制成药学上可接受的汤剂,所述汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,筛得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的2.8-4.6倍(优选加水量为3种药物总重量的3.6倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮50-80分钟(优选后转文火煎煮65分钟),滤出药液;
(3)将柴胡、黄芩、党参、徐长卿、茯苓、广玉兰和甘草7味中药加入到步骤(2)盛有药渣的砂锅中,加水,加水量为7种药物总重量的3.2-4.8倍(优选加水量为7种药物总重量的4.2倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮30-50分钟(优选后转文火煎煮40分钟),加入菊花和荷叶,继续煎煮8-15分钟(优选继续煎煮12分钟),趁热将药液滤出后,将药渣用双层纱布包好,绞取药渣内剩余药液;
(4)合并三次药液,然后,将步骤(1)所得细粉加入即可。
5.如权利要求1~3任一所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,将该高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂制成药学上可接受的丸剂,所述丸剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过110-130目筛(优选过120目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎放入砂锅中,加水,加水量为3种药物总重量的3.2-5.2倍(优选加水量为3种药物总重量的4倍),先用武火煮至沸腾,后转文火煎煮60-90分钟(优选后转文火煎煮75分钟),滤出药液,静置3.5-5小时(优选静置4.5小时),得滤液;
(3)将除酒大黄、生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎外的其余9味中药共研成末,过110-130目筛(优选过120目筛);
(4)将步骤(1)和步骤(3)所得细粉搅拌,充分混匀,用步骤(2)所得滤液泛丸,制得的每丸的重量为0.2-0.5g(优选制得的每丸的重量为0.4g),在60-80℃的温度下干燥(优选在70℃的温度下干燥),使丸剂含水量控制在8%以内,即得。
6.如权利要求1~3任一所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,将该高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂制成药学上可接受的散剂,所述散剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g(优选每100g大黄用黄酒15g),闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将生龙骨、生珍珠母和生牡蛎共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(3)将菊花和荷叶共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(4) 将除酒大黄、生龙骨、生珍珠母、生牡蛎、菊花和荷叶外的其余7味中药共研成末,过140-160目筛(优选过150目筛);
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)、步骤(3)和步骤(4)所得细粉充分混匀,无菌封装,每包0.2g,即得。
7.如权利要求1~3任一所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂,其特征在于,将该高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂制成药学上可接受的颗粒剂,所述颗粒剂的制备方法是:
(1)将大黄切成块,用黄酒喷淋拌匀,每100g大黄用黄酒12-22g,闷润1.5-3小时(优选闷润2.5小时),放在锅中炒15-30分钟(优选放在锅中炒25分钟),取出,晾干,放入研钵中研磨,过150-170目筛(优选过160目筛),得酒大黄细粉;
(2)将除酒大黄外的其余药材分别研成细粉,过150-170目筛(优选过160目筛);
(3)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)所得细粉与辅料淀粉置容器内充分混匀,加水制成软材;
(4)将步骤(3)所得软材以挤压方式通过14-22目筛网,制成均匀的颗粒;
(5)将步骤(4)所得颗粒在65℃-75℃的温度下干燥,颗粒的含水量控制在2%以内,即得。
8.如权利要求7所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中每100g大黄用黄酒15g。
9.如权利要求7所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中将步骤(3)所得软材以挤压方式通过20目筛网。
10.如权利要求7所述的高血压Ⅰ期合并头重症疏肝泄热剂颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中将步骤(4)所得颗粒在70℃的温度下干燥。
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