CN104478610A - Kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium - Google Patents
Kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104478610A CN104478610A CN201410796636.1A CN201410796636A CN104478610A CN 104478610 A CN104478610 A CN 104478610A CN 201410796636 A CN201410796636 A CN 201410796636A CN 104478610 A CN104478610 A CN 104478610A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium. The kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 68-75 parts of sawdust or cotton seed shells, 20-25 parts of an accessory, 2-5 parts of kelp, 0.5-1.5 parts of gypsum, 0.5-1.5 parts of sucrose and 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium carbonate, wherein the ratio of materials to water is 1:(1.3-1.5). Nutrients in the kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium can fully meet the basic requirements of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of enoki mushrooms, and the enoki mushrooms cultivated by adopting the kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium has a high content of lysine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, particularly relate to a kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle.
Background technology
Needle mushroom formal name used at school hair handle money bacterium, also known as the little fiery mushroom of hair handle, structure bacterium, plain mushroom, dried mushroom, plain wild rice, freeze bacterium, golden mushroom, intelligence mushroom etc., English is: " Enoki Mushroom ", and vegetable formal name is Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing.Because its stem is elongated, like Flos Hemerocallis, therefore claim needle mushroom, belonging to Agaricales Bai Mo section pin gold mushroom and belong to, is a kind of bacterium algae lichens.Needle mushroom widely distributes at nature, and all there is distribution on the ground such as China, Japan, Russia, Europe, North America, Australia.In China North gets Heilungkiang, reach Yunnan in the south, from the east of Jiangsu, be all applicable to the growth of needle mushroom to Xinjiang.Needle mushroom is not containing chlorophyll, not there is photosynthesis, carbohydrate can not be manufactured, but can grow in dark surrounds completely, must absorb ready-made organic substance from substratum, as the degradation product of carbohydrate, protein and fat, be saprophytic nutrition type, be a kind of heterotroph, belong to club fungi.Needle mushroom is a kind of timber saprophytic microorganism, and easily growth is on the withered trunk and stub of the deciduous trees such as willow, elm, poplar tree.
Needle mushroom has very high medicinal dietary function.Edible portion heat content 26 kilocalories eaten by every 100 grams of acupuncture needles, 2.4 grams, protein, 0.4 gram, fat, 3.3 grams, carbohydrate, iron 1.4 milligrams, 17 milligrams, magnesium, vitamins C 2 milligrams, vitamin e1 .14 milligram, vitamin A 5 microgram, 4.1 milligrams, nicotinic acid, food fibre 2.7 grams, 195 milligrams, potassium, 97 milligrams, phosphorus, 4.3 milligrams, sodium.Containing 8 kinds of essential amino acids in protein contained by needle mushroom, wherein arginine and Methionin are abundant especially, to children ' s healthy growth and intelligent growth useful, thus have the laudatory title of " increasing intelligence mushroom ", " stops mushroom ", " intelligence mushroom ".
Needle mushroom has the pharmaceutical use of Dietotherapy health, and it is cold in nature, and taste is salty, lubricious.Favourable liver, the effects such as beneficial stomach, increases intelligence, anticancer.Nutritionist represents, normal edible needle mushroom can reduce cholesterol, has certain prophylactic-therapeutic effect to hypertension, gastrointestinal ulceration, hepatopathy, hyperlipidemia etc.In addition, research finds, the Flammulin contained in needle mushroom, has obvious restraining effect to small white mouse sarcoma S-180, ehrlich's ascite cell etc.Medical college of nearest NUS researchist finds, needle mushroom contains a kind of albumen, can the allergy such as prevention of asthma, rhinitis, eczema, also can improve immunizing power, antagonism virus infection and cancer.Acupuncture needle is eaten also containing polysaccharide body Flammulin, has antitumous effect, and often eating and can prevent and treat the disease such as liver system and gastroenteritic ulcer, is again good protective foods.
Nutritive substance required for Growth of Flammulina Velutipes and other edible mushrooms unanimous on the whole on the whole, as carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc., in the proportioning of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation culture medium, tradition major ingredient has cotton seed hulls, weed tree sawdust, agricultural crop straw etc., auxiliary material has wheat bran, wooden chaff, Semen Maydis powder etc., separately has the addition materials such as gypsum, calcium superphosphate, white sugar.Artificial substituting stuff cultivation mainly makes culturing raw material with the agricultural tankage such as wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse, crop material and waste residue waste material, easy and simple to handle, less investment, be easy to popularity application, but waste residue waste material complicated component, what have may contain objectionable constituent, and it is unfavorable to control needle mushroom product quality.Therefore the key that novel substituting stuff cultivation substratum is golden mushroom plantation industrialization is found.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle of with low cost, successful is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip or cotton seed hulls 68-75 part, auxiliary material 20-25 part, sea-tangle 2-5 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sucrose 0.5-1.5 part, calcium carbonate 0.5-1.5 part, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.
Preferably, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip or cotton seed hulls 72 parts, auxiliary material 22 parts, 3 parts, sea-tangle, 1 part, gypsum, sucrose 1 part, 1 part, calcium carbonate, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5.
Sea-tangle of the present invention is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: by fresh or drying rear sea-tangle, pulverize or smash;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
Described wood chip preferably originate maple and vertebra wood.
Described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, can be arbitrary proportion.
With the addition of a preparation method for the needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum of sea-tangle, comprise the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip or cotton seed hulls, auxiliary material, gypsum, sucrose, sea-tangle, calcium carbonate mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but is not formed the globule, material-water ratio 1:1.3-1.5;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Preferred 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, or normal pressure (100 DEG C) sterilizing 10-12 hour, move into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treat that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, in prior art to the comprehensive utilization of sea-tangle be generally extract polysaccharide or other activeconstituentss after filter residue, these filter residues are the insoluble of generation in chemical engineering industry is produced, the various wastes produced in suspension component or the kelp food course of processing, its crude fiber content 50%, crude protein content 9.8%, and activeconstituents is little, and the present invention is used as substratum after directly adopting sea-tangle raw material to carry out process, sea-tangle contains polysaccharide, multiple amino acids, steroid class, triterpenes, bases, alkaloid, organic acid, N.F,USP MANNITOL, and containing various trace elements, nutrition is abundanter.
2, the present invention first adopts uhp treatment sea-tangle raw material, for some time is kept in predetermined pressure, raw cell external and internal pressure is made to reach balance (effective constituent reaches dissolution equilibrium) release rapidly afterwards, intraor extracellular osmotic pressure difference is increased suddenly, intracellular effective constituent is through cytolemma (structure of cytolemma changes under ultra-high voltage), transfer in extracellular extracting solution, reach the object extracting target component.Ultra high pressure extraction avoids the reduction of the change of the effective constituent caused because of long-time high temperature, loss and physiologically active, simultaneously because ultra-high voltage carries out under airtight environment, does not have the volatilization of solvent, can not to environment.It is a kind of method extracting active substance safely and effectively.
3, the present invention is after employing uhp treatment raw material, and then adopt ultrasonic extraction again, what ultrasonic extraction utilized is strong mechanical shearing effect, promotes the stripping of polysaccharide.Growth of Flammulina Velutipes mainly relies on the nutrient absorbing substratum to grow, the formula of substratum and nutritive props play keying action to the control of needle mushroom quality, collection period and output, the present invention, by the effective process to sea-tangle raw material, makes the nutrition of substratum more balanced.
4, the composition in sea-tangle has restraining effect to tumour, and needle mushroom is exactly as anticancer Chinese medicine in use in tradition, and the present invention, by adding sea-tangle at needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, fully can strengthen the antitumous effect of needle mushroom.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
With the addition of a needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum for sea-tangle, be made up of following raw material: maple wood chip 68kg, rice bran 25kg, gypsum 1.5kg, sucrose 0.5kg, sea-tangle 5kg, calcium carbonate 0.5kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.3;
Described sea-tangle is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: Fresh Laminaria Japonica is smashed;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
The preparation method of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, rice bran, gypsum, sucrose, sea-tangle, calcium carbonate mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Embodiment 2:
With the addition of a needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum for sea-tangle, be made up of following raw material: vertebra wood wood chip 75kg, wheat bran 20kg, gypsum 0.5kg, sucrose 1.5kg, sea-tangle 2kg, calcium carbonate 1.5kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.5;
Described sea-tangle is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: by drying rear sea-tangle, pulverizes;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
The preparation method of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, wheat bran, gypsum, sucrose, sea-tangle, calcium carbonate mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, normal pressure (100 DEG C) sterilizing 10-12 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Embodiment 3:
With the addition of a needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum for sea-tangle, be made up of following raw material: cotton seed hulls 72kg, wheat bran 12kg, Semen Maydis powder 10kg, gypsum 1kg, sucrose 1kg, sea-tangle 3kg, calcium carbonate 1kg, material-water ratio is 1:1.4;
Described sea-tangle is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: by fresh or drying rear sea-tangle, pulverize or smash;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
The preparation method of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first cotton seed hulls, auxiliary material, gypsum, sucrose, sea-tangle, calcium carbonate mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
Comparative example
A kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, be made up of following raw material:
Wood chip 70kg, rice bran 27kg, sucrose 1kg, terra alba 1kg, calcium carbonate 1kg, water is appropriate.
The preparation method of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum, comprises the steps:
(1) wood chip processing in early stage: being crushed to particle diameter after the trunk of trees after felling and branch being removed the peel is 0.5-1.0cm, dries for subsequent use;
(2) prepare burden: prepare burden according to the formula of substratum;
(3) spice: first wood chip, rice bran, gypsum, sucrose, calcium carbonate mixing are formed siccative, then add water and fully mix formation medium matrix thoroughly, amount of water is held webs water breakthrough with hand grip but do not formed the globule;
(4) pack: after spice terminates, windrow 1-2 hour, makes moisture fully be absorbed by medium matrix, can pack.
Select 17X35X0.05 grade polypropylene plastics fruiting bag, feed about 400 grams, charging should not be expired very much, material bag two tying, and sack is noted cleaning, and prevents later stage living contaminants;
(5) sterilizing: material bag is put into sterilizing device, high pressure steam (121 DEG C) sterilizing 1.5-2 hour, moves into cooling room by material bag after sterilizing terminates, treats that temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, can inoculate.
The mensuration (adopting triketohydrindene hydrate rapid test method) of Methionin:
Result:
Nutritive substance contained by substratum of the present invention fully can meet needle mushroom and nourish and grow and the basic demand of reproductive growth, and the needle mushroom lysine content cultivated through above-mentioned formula is higher.
Claims (4)
1. one kind with the addition of the needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum of sea-tangle, it is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip or cotton seed hulls 68-75 part, auxiliary material 20-25 part, sea-tangle 2-5 part, gypsum 0.5-1.5 part, sucrose 0.5-1.5 part, calcium carbonate 0.5-1.5 part, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5;
Described sea-tangle is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: by fresh or drying rear sea-tangle, pulverize or smash;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
2. a kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: wood chip or cotton seed hulls 72 parts, auxiliary material 22 parts, 3 parts, sea-tangle, 1 part, gypsum, sucrose 1 part, 1 part, calcium carbonate, material-water ratio is 1:1.3-1.5;
Described sea-tangle is through following step process:
1) Feedstock treating: by fresh or drying rear sea-tangle, pulverize or smash;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 40-60 times of weight part in the sea-tangle after pulverizing or smashing, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution and slag, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 70-85 DEG C, power is 300W, and after completing, vacuum-drying obtains.
3. a kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wood chip source maple and vertebra wood.
4. a kind of needle mushroom substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of sea-tangle according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is one or more compositions in rice bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, when used as a mixture, is arbitrary proportion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410796636.1A CN104478610B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium |
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| CN201410796636.1A CN104478610B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Kelp-containing enoki mushroom substitute cultivation medium |
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| CN104478610B CN104478610B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1879463A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-12-20 | 丹阳市江南食用菌有限公司 | A culture medium for golden mushroom and golden mushroom plantation method |
| CN101366345A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-02-18 | 芜湖野树林生物科技有限公司 | Method for growing clear-white gold needle mushroom with feces of chicken as cultivation material |
| CN103936875A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting laminarin from kelp |
-
2014
- 2014-12-19 CN CN201410796636.1A patent/CN104478610B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1879463A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-12-20 | 丹阳市江南食用菌有限公司 | A culture medium for golden mushroom and golden mushroom plantation method |
| CN101366345A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-02-18 | 芜湖野树林生物科技有限公司 | Method for growing clear-white gold needle mushroom with feces of chicken as cultivation material |
| CN103936875A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting laminarin from kelp |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 奚灏锵等: "超高压提取香菇多糖的研究", 《现代食品科技》 * |
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