CN104472254A - Root-blocking waterproof roof planting system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Root-blocking waterproof roof planting system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472254A CN104472254A CN201410692773.0A CN201410692773A CN104472254A CN 104472254 A CN104472254 A CN 104472254A CN 201410692773 A CN201410692773 A CN 201410692773A CN 104472254 A CN104472254 A CN 104472254A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/20—Cultivation on mats
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
Abstract
The invention provides a root-blocking waterproof roof planting system. The system comprises a soil layer, a filtering and water discharging layer, a waterproof layer and a leveling layer. The construction of the root-blocking waterproof roof planting system includes the leveling layer construction step, the waterproof layer construction step, the filtering and water discharging layer construction step and the soil layer construction step. The waterproof layer construction comprises waterproof mortar layer laying, asphalt waterproof layer laying, asphalt root-blocking layer laying and fine aggregate concrete layer laying. Through the construction steps, a roof can effectively prevent water and block roots.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of making rooftops green system and construction method thereof of root resistance waterproof.
Background technology
Along with the development and progress of society, rolling up of urban population, the costliness day by day of city development land used, and the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, roof greening has more and more caused the concern of society.Roof greening not only can purify air, noise abatement of insulating against sound, insulation, roof protective layer service life can also be extended, alleviate tropical island effect etc., to environmental protection, energy-conservation, change urban afforestation environment etc. and have extremely important meaning.Roof greening has become a design content of high grade project in the eyes many architects, Gardener author in the eyes especially one improve important means that is ecological and human settlement's quality.
But roof greening is subject to the restriction of roof structure, when afforesting roof, consider the factor such as the bearing capacity on roof, drainability, watertight composition protection, wherein the protection of watertight composition is the prerequisite of roof greening.When afforesting roof, because the roofing of roof top garden is in state with water for a long time, therefore roof afforestation technology is very high to the requirement of roof water-proof; The root system of plant of roof greening has downwards, become water and the growth characteristic to gravity, and plant is in process of growth, and the growth of its root system has certain pressure to roof building, can destroy roof planting system, causes roof to leak; The irradiation of climatic variation and sunshine makes implant system and waterproof layer material thereof expand with heat and contract with cold, and causes that material is dry-shrinkage deformed, buckling deformation, and roof membrane is leaked; In addition, when carrying out greening construction on roof, easily original watertight composition is damaged, cause roof to leak.The current waterproof roll that utilizes carries out waterproof to roof, but waterproof roll cost is higher, and after having laid, not easily determines the position leaked.
Summary of the invention
Protection scope of the present invention, only by claims defined, any degree not limit by the statement of this joint summary of the invention.
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides a kind of roof planting system and construction method thereof of root resistance waterproof.
The invention provides a kind of roof planting system of root resistance waterproof, comprising: soil horizon, excessively filter drainage layer, watertight composition and screed-coat; Described soil horizon is light soil layer, comprises: the vermiculite of 10%, the wood chip of 10%, the discarded mushroom medium of 20%, the turfy soil of 20%, the natural original soil of 20%, the perlite of 20%; This edaphic thickness described is not less than 50cm; It is described that to cross filter drainage layer thickness be 10cm, by particle diameter be the cobblestone of 3cm ~ 5cm or vermiculite or both mix and lay or laid formed by the filter block of crossing with hollow structure; Described watertight composition comprises waterproof mortar course, bituminous water-proof coating, pitch stopping area and pea gravel concreten layer from top to bottom; Described waterproof mortar composition of layer is No. 425 portland slag cements 51 parts by weight, mica powder 15 parts, anhydrous gypsum 10 parts, 3 parts, alum, vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder 10 parts, easy loosen collagen fibre 10 parts, fatty acid waterproofing agent 2 parts, water reducer 1 part, 50 parts, water; Described asphalt waterproofing composition of layer is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, ethylenediamine 5 parts, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, phenol 5 parts, 5 parts, water, water reducer 1 part; Described pitch stopping area composition is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, 5 parts, water, chemical root resistance agent 1 part; Described pea gravel concreten composition of layer by weight being 80 parts, water, No. 425 portland slag cements 200 parts, 30 parts, flyash, nature medium sand 350 parts, particle diameter is the rubble 550 parts of 5mm ~ 15mm, modified polypropylene fiber 0.5 part, retardation setting high efficiency naphthalene water reducer 3.0 parts, 20 parts, sodium chloride, anhydrous gypsum 20 parts, 6 parts, alum, defoamer 3 parts, water reducer 2 parts, high-efficiency antifreezing agent 8 parts; Described screed-coat is laid by cement mortar, and described cement mortar composition is cement, filler and water.
Preferably, described screed-coat, waterproof mortar course, bituminous water-proof coating, pitch stopping area are level and lay, pea gravel concreten layer is laid in has the downward domatic of 5 degree of inclinations angle from centre to surrounding, and on this pea gravel concreten layer, laying depth is uniform crosses filter drainage layer; Outside mistake filter drainage layer, a screen pack is set every 1m.
Preferably, screed-coat is laid in there is from north side to southern side the downward domatic of 5 degree of angles of inclination, this screed-coat is laid successively and there is same tilt angle and the uniform watertight composition of thickness and excessively filter drainage layer, in the mistake lower side of filter drainage layer, a screen pack is set every 1m.
Preferably, the roof planting system of the described waterproof root resistance humidity sensor that also comprises controller, roof storage tank, roof drainage pipeline, rainer, three-way valve and be arranged in soil horizon; Described screen pack is with delivery port, and described delivery port converges at a total delivery port; Total delivery port is connected with described roof drainage pipeline with described roof storage tank by described three-way valve, described controller controls three-way valve to be made describedly to cross water that filter drainage layer discharges first stored in roof storage tank, injects roof drainage pipeline when storage tank water is full; Described controller can accept the signal of humidity sensor; When soil moisture is lower, controller controls to open described roof storage tank and described rainer, and rainer utilizes the water irrigate vegetation in storage tank.
Present invention also offers a kind of construction method of roof planting system of root resistance waterproof, comprising:
S1 construction of leveling blanket
S1.1 base cleaning
S1.2 cement mortar stirs
First by No. 425 portland slag cements and particle diameter be 0.5mm ~ 2mm expanded perlite by 1: 7 weight ratio mix; Then the water of equivalent is poured in agitator, start agitator and pour said mixture into after 1 ~ 2 minute, and stir 2 ~ 3 minutes;
S1.3 lay, compress, levelling
First the height at each for roofing control point is carried out by 1 ~ 3 cement mortar, and several levelling lattice of Region dividing levelling as required; Then according to the bracing wire of ready-made control point, control line height is more than 50mm, and cement expanded perlite mortar is carried out void paving screed-coat according to the ratio that compression ratio is 130%, and the screed-coat yoke after empty paving compresses, strikes off, compacting again, makes screed-coat at more than 40mm;
S1.4 maintenance
Normal temperature laid screed-coat after 36 hours, and carry out water curing to it, the time of water curing is 12 days, maintenance 3 times of at least sprinkling water every day;
S2 construction of waterproof layer
S2.1 waterproof mortar course is laid
Brush one times with brush the plain mortar that thickness is 2.5mm, kill powder more above in half an hour brush one times the thick plain mortar of 2.5mm to plain mortar surface, mistake one is little whitewashes waterproof mortar after second time plain mortar surface becomes dry; When establishing waterproof mortar on plain mortar bed upper berth, first pass is laterally laid, with the horizontal waterproof mortar course that cleaver laying depth is 12.5mm, after laying, until horizontal waterproof mortar course surface become dry to step on to people there is no obvious footprint after carry out second time and longitudinally lay, longitudinal waterproof mortar thickness of laying is also 12.5mm; Lay waterproof mortar course after 18 hours, watering maintenance has been carried out 3 days to it, and at least maintenance 3 times every day, then asphalt watertight composition;
S2.2 bituminous water-proof coating is laid
Waterproof mortar course is laid the bituminous water-proof coating stirred, and laying depth is 20mm;
S2.3 pitch stopping area is laid
At normal temperatures more than the powder stirring 30min needed for pitch stopping area is mixed to all powders; It is thick that the mixture this be stirred evenly lays 20mm on the bituminous water-proof coating of surface drying, laid rear wait 24h and treated that it is done solid work, then carried out the laying of lower one deck;
S2.4 pea gravel concreten layer is laid
Pea gravel concreten layer is directly layed on pitch stopping area, and laying depth is 30mm at least; After 24 hours do solid work, the water carried out at least 12 days spills maintenance, and at least maintenance 3 times every day;
S3 crosses filter drainage layer construction
The cobblestone being 3cm ~ 5cm by particle diameter or vermiculite or both mixtures or by have hollow structure cross filter block lay described in cross filter drainage layer, laying depth is 10cm; Described mistake outside filter drainage layer arranges screen pack every 1m, is connected with roof drainage pipeline by this screen pack with roof storage tank; The position of roof drainage pipeline is lower than screen pack and cross filter drainage layer;
S4 soil horizon is constructed
By the wood chip of the vermiculite of 10%, the drying of 10%, 20% discarded mushroom medium, the turfy soil of 20%, the natural original soil of 20% and 20% perlite mix for laying soil horizon; And this edaphic laying depth is not less than 50cm.
Preferably, when carrying out the laying of described waterproof mortar course, first by weight by 52 parts of No. 425 portland slag cements, 15 parts of mica powders, 10 parts of anhydrous gypsums, 3 parts of alum, 10 parts of vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powders, that 10 parts of easy loosen collagen fibres pour clean stirrer for mixing into is even, slowly add the mixing material of 50 parts of water, 2 parts of fatty acid waterproofing agents and 1 part of water reducer again, after all adding to solution, then stir and lay after powder fully mixes with solution for 15 minutes.
Preferably, when carrying out the laying of described bituminous water-proof coating, at normal temperatures, first by weight 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 5 parts of ethylenediamines, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass, 10 parts of paraffin are mixed into required powder, and 5 parts of phenol, 100 parts of pitches, 1 part of water reducer, 5 parts of water are stirred in agitator, slowly add again after stirring the above-mentioned powder that mixes continue to stir more than 30min to after stirring for asphalt watertight composition.
Preferably, when carrying out the laying of described pitch stopping area, at normal temperatures first by weight 10 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass are mixed into required powder in a reservoir, 100 parts of pitches, 5 parts of water and 1 part of chemical root resistance agent are stirred in agitator, then slowly adds above-mentioned powder continuation stirring more than 30min and use asphalt stopping area after stirring.
Preferably, the root resistance coiled material of copper tire base is immersed 3h in the emulsified asphalt of the chemical root resistance agent containing 1%, dried afterwards and be layed on bituminous water-proof coating as stopping area.
Preferably, at normal temperatures, first by weight by 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 5 parts of ethylenediamines, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass, 10 parts of paraffin, be mixed into required powder, and 5 parts of phenol, 100 parts of pitches, 1 part of water reducer, 5 parts of water, 1 part of chemical root resistance agent are placed in agitator and stir, slowly add the above-mentioned powder that mixes after stirring again and continue to stir the asphalt waterproofing stopping area that more than 30min is 30mm ~ 50mm to laying depth after stirring.
Preferably, when carrying out the laying of described pea gravel concreten layer, first by weight by 80 parts of water, 550 parts of particle diameters are that the rubble of 5mm ~ 15mm and 350 parts of nature medium sands are placed in agitator and stir, again by 200 parts of No. 425 portland slag cements, 30 parts of flyash, 0.5 part of modified polypropylene fiber, 3.0 parts of retardation setting high efficiency naphthalene water reducers, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of anhydrous gypsums, 6 parts of alum, 3 parts of defoamers, 2 parts of water reducers, 8 parts of high-efficiency antifreezing agents mix in certain container, the powder this mixed slowly is poured in agitator, be layed on pitch stopping area after pea gravel concreten is stirred until at least 30min.
The roof planting system of root resistance waterproof provided by the invention, adopts light material, reduces the pressure of system to building and watertight composition; By tilting to lay, effectively water can be discharged this system, reduction system is to the pressure of watertight composition and building; The roof storage tank of this system, for storing the water of soil filtration and for plant irrigating, having saved water resource, improves the availability of water and reduces the loss of soil Middle nutrition material; The construction method of the roof planting system of root resistance waterproof provided by the invention, has saved watertight composition and has laid cost, improve the compressive resistance of watertight composition, enhance the root resistance performance of stopping area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the root resistance waterproof roof implant system schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, set forth the present invention further.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the roof planting system of root resistance waterproof of the present invention comprises soil horizon 2 from top to bottom, crosses filter drainage layer 3, watertight composition 4 and the building structure layer shown in screed-coat 5, figure 6 is building top layer part.
The concrete construction method of this system comprises the following steps:
S1 screed-coat 5 is constructed
S1.1 base cleaning
Need to carry out smooth process to building structure layer 6 surface irregularity place: projection is rejected, and recess cement mortar is tamped before laying screed-coat; The dirt dusts on building structure layer 6 surface etc. need to remove totally;
S1.2 cement mortar stirs
Cement mortar composition is cement, filler and water mainly: cement uses No. 425 portland slag cements, and filler is the expanded perlite of particle diameter at 0.5mm ~ 2mm; The powder of cement mortar by cement and expanded perlite by weight proportion be carry out proportioning at 1: 7, i.e. if desired a cement, then need seven parts of expanded perlites; The weight of the water simultaneously prepared and the identical in quality of this powder;
First water is poured in agitator, start agitator and pour above-mentioned powder into after 1 ~ 2 minute, and stir 2 ~ 3 minutes to mixing; The cement mortar be stirred needs to use in time;
S1.3 lay, compress, levelling
First the height at each for roofing control point is carried out by 1: 3 cement mortar, and several levelling lattice of Region dividing levelling as required, and have caulking strip between adjacent levelling lattice; Then according to the bracing wire of ready-made control point, control line height is more than 50mm, and cement expanded perlite mortar is carried out void paving screed-coat according to the ratio that compression ratio is 130%, and the screed-coat yoke after empty paving compresses, strikes off, compacting again, makes screed-coat thickness at more than 40mm; When to construction of leveling blanket, the laying of cement mortar needs to follow by as far as principle closely, from high to low; When screed-coat has all been laid, and when not solidifying completely, caulking strip is extracted out; Try not when laying screed-coat to destroy the original watertight composition of building;
S1.4 maintenance
Final cement mortar screeding layer 5 must bond firmly with building structure layer 6, must not have the phenomenon such as bubble, crack, otherwise needs again levelling; Normal temperature lays screed-coat after 36 hours, and carry out water curing to it, the time of water curing is 12 days, maintenance 3 times of at least sprinkling water every day, require surface must not dusting, peeling; Because of the gap that caulking strip occurs, asphalt mortar, bituminous mortar is utilized to fill;
Screed-coat is through carrying out next step construction of waterproof layer step after the assay was approved;
S2 watertight composition 4 is constructed
The construction of watertight composition 4 is cores of whole construction, is related to building service life;
S2.1 waterproof mortar course is laid
The screed-coat be up to the standards first lays plain mortar: the thickness brushing one times plain mortar with brush is 2.5mm, kill powder again to plain mortar surface above in half an hour and brush one times the thick plain mortar of 2.5mm, mistake one is little whitewashes waterproof mortar after second time plain mortar surface becomes dry;
The composition of this waterproof mortar is No. 425 portland slag cements 51 parts by weight, mica powder 15 parts, anhydrous gypsum 10 parts, 3 parts, alum, vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder 10 parts, easy loosen collagen fibre 10 parts, fatty acid waterproofing agent 2 parts, water reducer 1 part, 50 parts of water; Water-cement ratio is 0.5; Pour the powder such as cement, mica powder, anhydrous gypsum, alum, vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder, easily loosen collagen fibre into clean stirrer for mixing even, slowly add the mixing material of water, fatty acid waterproofing agent and water reducer again, after all adding to solution, then stir and fully mix to mentioned component for 15 minutes; Then the waterproof mortar be stirred is used to be the horizontal waterproof mortar course of 12.5mm with cleaver laying depth on plain mortar bed, after laying, until horizontal waterproof mortar course surface become dry to step on to people there is no obvious footprint after carry out second time and longitudinally lay, the waterproof mortar thickness longitudinally laid also is 12.5mm; The thickness of whole waterproof mortar course is 30mm; Making error reduce when constructing as far as possible, making waterproof mortar layer thickness at more than 30mm;
The feature that this waterproof mortar course has that intensity is large, toughness is large, resistance to compression cracking resistance, opposing are shunk: surface drying 4h, do solid work 23.5h, 3d compression strength is 13.8MPa, 3d rupture strength is 3MPa, and impermeability is 0.12MPa;
Lay waterproof mortar course after 18 hours, watering maintenance has been carried out 3 days to it, and at least maintenance 3 times every day, then asphalt watertight composition;
S2.2 bituminous water-proof coating is laid
Asphalt waterproofing composition of layer is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, ethylenediamine 5 parts, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, phenol 5 parts, 5 parts, water, water reducer 1 part; At normal temperatures, paraffin, aluminum stearate, resin rubber powder, talcum powder, ethylenediamine, sodium chloride, waterglass are mixed into required powder, and pitch, water, phenol and water reducer are stirred in agitator, slowly add the above-mentioned powder that mixes after stirring again and continue to stir that on waterproof mortar course, to lay 20mm after more than 30min stirs to mentioned component thick, after its surface drying, carry out the laying of pitch stopping area; This bituminous water-proof coating surface drying time is 3.5h, does solid work 22h, and flexural strength and compression strength are the intensity being far longer than waterproof mortar course;
Adopt resin arogel nontoxic, tasteless, "dead", can dissolve rapidly at normal temperatures, and the bituminous water-proof coating formed has stronger water proofing property;
S2.3 pitch stopping area is laid
Pitch stopping area composition is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, 5 parts, water, chemical root resistance agent 1 part; At normal temperatures paraffin, aluminum stearate, resin rubber powder, talcum powder, sodium chloride, waterglass are mixed into required powder in a reservoir, pitch, water and chemical root resistance agent are stirred in agitator, then slowly adds above-mentioned powder continuation stirring more than 30min and mix to mentioned component; It is thick that the mixture this be stirred evenly lays 20mm on the bituminous water-proof coating of surface drying, laid rear wait 24h and treated that it is done solid work, then carried out next step laying;
Chemistry root resistance agent can the Shi Langsheng group liquid B 2 of oily thickness of producing or B5, and this root resistance agent usage amount is very little, but effect is fine, effectively can stop the growth of root system of plant;
Chemical root resistance agent is joined in pitch the growth stoping root system, but is not limited only to this; The puncture-resistant coiled material of copper tire base is immersed after soaking 3 hours in the emulsified asphalt containing 1% chemical root resistance agent B2 or B5 and dry, the puncture-resistant coiled material of this copper tire base is made also to have the characteristic of chemical root resistance, be layed on bituminous water-proof coating, laid coiled material and directly laid pea gravel concreten layer;
The first asphalt watertight composition of above embodiment re-lays pitch stopping area, but is not limited only to this, chemical root resistance agent, water reducer, waterproofing agent three mixing can be added in pitch and lay asphalt waterproofing stopping area: asphalt waterproofing stopping area composition is by weight being pitch 100 parts, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, ethylenediamine 5 parts, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, phenol 5 parts, 5 parts, water, water reducer 1 part, chemical root resistance agent 1 part; At normal temperatures paraffin, aluminum stearate, resin rubber powder, talcum powder, ethylenediamine, sodium chloride, waterglass are mixed into required powder, and pitch, water, phenol, water reducer, chemical root resistance agent are placed in agitator and stir, slowly add the above-mentioned powder that mixes after stirring again and continue to stir that on waterproof mortar course, to lay 30mm ~ 50mm after more than 30min mixes to mentioned component thick;
S2.4 pea gravel concreten layer is laid
The composition of pea gravel concreten layer by weight being 80 parts, water, No. 425 portland slag cements 200 parts, 30 parts, flyash, nature medium sand 350 parts, particle diameter is the rubble 550 parts of 5mm ~ 15mm, modified polypropylene fiber 0.5 part, retardation setting high efficiency naphthalene water reducer 3.0 parts, 20 parts, sodium chloride, anhydrous gypsum 20 parts, 6 parts, alum, defoamer 3 parts, water reducer 2 parts, high-efficiency antifreezing agent 8 parts; Water, rubble and medium sand are placed in agitator stir, then are mixed in other containers by other powders, the powder this mixed slowly is poured in agitator, treats that at least pea gravel concreten stirs by 30min; The pitch stopping area after doing solid work was layed in before concrete coagulation; Pea gravel concreten layer laying depth at least 30mm, surface is low domatic of middle high surrounding, and the thickness of most outer is 30mm, and the gradient is 5 degree; After 24 hours do solid work, the water carried out at least 12 days spills maintenance, and at least maintenance 3 times every day; This pea gravel concreten layer has protective effect to pitch stopping area;
S3 crosses filter drainage layer 3 and constructs
Cross filter drainage layer 3 by particle diameter be the cobblestone of 3cm ~ 5cm or vermiculite or both mix laying and form, laying depth is 10cm: arrange a delivery port with screen pack along crossing filter drainage layer 3 outer every 1m, and all delivery ports converge to a total discharge outlet, this total discharge outlet is connected with roof storage tank with roof drainage pipeline by three-way valve, and control centre is entered roof storage tank by the water of the UNICOM's direction controlling total water inlet controlling three-way valve or directly discharged by roof drainage pipeline; Cross filter drainage layer 3 to lay by the laying gradient of pea gravel concreten layer: laying gradient from centre to surrounding is 5 degree, enable the water through soil horizon 2 cross filter drainage layer discharge through this smoothly, reduce the pressure to watertight composition;
The water crossing filter drainage layer discharge is first stored in for irrigate vegetation layer in storage tank, can reduce the loss of the nutriment in soil horizon like this; Arrange level sensor in roof storage tank, when level sensor senses that in storage tank, water is full, this signal will be sent to control centre, control centre controls the UNICOM direction of three-way valve, closes storage tank, opens roof drainage pipe and discharge unnecessary water;
Crossing filter drainage layer 3 in the present embodiment adopts cobblestone or vermiculite or both to mix laying, but is not limited only to this; Can adopt and there is percolation and the laying of filter block excessively with hollow structure, this is crossed filter block hollow place and is communicated with, cross filter block in the marginal portion of greenbelt and delivery port UNICOM, multiple delivery port converges at a total delivery port, this delivery port is communicated with roof storage tank with roof drainage pipeline by three-way valve, and water converges at its hollow pipeline and enters roof drainage pipeline or roof storage tank after soil horizon after crossing the percolation of filter block;
S4 soil horizon 2 is constructed
If use nature original soil to carry out roof greening, will increase the pressure of roof membrane and building, this is because natural original soil particle is fine and closely woven, if run into rainfall, rainwater is difficult to enter rapidly soil drainage blanket more difficult to get access, so the native planting plants that the present invention adopts quality light; This light soil comprises composition and proportioning is: the vermiculite of 10%, the wood chip of the drying of 10%, the discarded mushroom medium of 20%, the turfy soil of 20%, the natural original soil of 20%, the perlite of 20%; And this soil horizon 2 surface is smooth, thickness is greater than 50cm; This light soil layer is less than density during whole use nature original soil, quality light, reduces the pressure to top, house, too increases the seepage velocity of water; Vermiculite, wood chip and mushroom medium etc. are containing the nutriment needed for plant growth and mineral matter simultaneously, can be the nutrient that roof vegetable layer provides sufficient, need not be separately plant Additional nutrient solution, simplify the curing step of roof plants;
Between soil horizon 2 and mistake filter drainage layer 3, lay one deck felt, for storage compartment moisture, make soil horizon 2 keep moistening.
The water collection of crossing filter drainage layer discharge is stored in storage tank, and this storage tank connects water spray valve; In soil horizon, humidity sensor is set, when humidity sensor monitor soil moisture too low time, can by this signal transmission to control centre, control centre controls to open storage tank and water spray valve, pouring roof vegetable layer;
The soil horizon laid is planted vegetable layer 1, and vegetation can based on the group planting of shrub: less for plant is viewed and admired arbor, shrub and rattan wood, and by together with the various plants group planting such as yulan and crape myrtle; Lay perennial and the Bermuda grass that growing power is strong or Bermuda grass as turfgrass in the place of not planting shrub, make roof plants be arranged in pairs or groups by seeds and height like this.
Embodiment 2
Each Rotating fields of the roof planting system of the waterproof root resistance that the present embodiment relates to, the composition of each layer are identical with the structure of embodiment 1 with composition proportion, omit related description at this.
In the present embodiment, when laying screed-coat, lay to opposite side the screed-coat that the gradient is 5 degree from the side of building structure layer 6, the thickness of the screed-coat of lower side is 40mm.Preferably, screed-coat North and South direction tilts, and is namely south reduced gradually by the north.Like this, even if all flow to side in the south due to unnecessary water, cause the soil moisture of side in the south slightly large, because the vegetation of side in the south can accept more illumination, its evaporation is stronger, can the impact that causes of corresponding counteracting excessive moisture.Then carry out as the compression of embodiment 1, levelling, maintenance.The uniform watertight composition of laying depth on the basis of screed-coat; On watertight composition, laying depth is uniform crosses filter drainage layer, cross the lower side of filter drainage layer at this delivery port with screen pack is set every 1m, and all delivery ports are pooled to a total discharge outlet, total discharge outlet place is connected with roof storage tank with roof drainage pipeline by three-way valve, and the water that control centre controls total discharge outlet by the communication direction of regulating three-way valve door is entered storage tank or directly drained by drainage pipeline.At this, just allow water enter storage tank as long as control centre is set as that storage tank is discontented, avoid current to lose and too much cause edaphic nutrient loss.Then thick layer felt is established on mistake filter drainage layer upper berth; Finally lay the smooth soil horizon in surface, this soil horizon thickness is at least 50cm.In this embodiment watertight composition with cross identical all with embodiment 1 of the thickness of filter drainage layer, composition and proportioning.
Embodiment described in above specification and embodiment should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.After having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to various equivalents of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
Claims (11)
1. a roof planting system for root resistance waterproof, comprising: soil horizon, excessively filter drainage layer, watertight composition and screed-coat;
Described soil horizon is light soil layer, comprise the vermiculite of 10%, 10% wood chip, the discarded mushroom medium of 20%, turfy soil, the natural original soil of 20%, the perlite of 20% of 20%; Described edaphic thickness is not less than 50cm;
Described to cross filter drainage layer thickness be 10cm, is the cobblestone of 3cm ~ 5cm or vermiculite or both mixtures or laid formed by the filter block of crossing with hollow structure by particle diameter;
Described watertight composition comprises waterproof mortar course, bituminous water-proof coating, pitch stopping area and pea gravel concreten layer from top to bottom; Described waterproof mortar composition of layer is No. 425 portland slag cements 51 parts by weight, mica powder 15 parts, anhydrous gypsum 10 parts, 3 parts, alum, vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder 10 parts, easy loosen collagen fibre 10 parts, fatty acid waterproofing agent 2 parts, water reducer 1 part, 50 parts, water; Described asphalt waterproofing composition of layer is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, ethylenediamine 5 parts, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, phenol 5 parts, 5 parts, water, water reducer 1 part; Described pitch stopping area composition is pitch 100 parts by weight, 10 parts, paraffin, aluminum stearate 8 parts, resin rubber powder 5 parts, talcum powder 1 part, 8 parts, sodium chloride, waterglass 12 parts, 5 parts, water, chemical root resistance agent 1 part; Described pea gravel concreten composition of layer by weight being 80 parts, water, No. 425 portland slag cements 200 parts, 30 parts, flyash, nature medium sand 350 parts, particle diameter is the rubble 550 parts of 5mm ~ 15mm, modified polypropylene fiber 0.5 part, retardation setting high efficiency naphthalene water reducer 3.0 parts, 20 parts, sodium chloride, anhydrous gypsum 20 parts, 6 parts, alum, defoamer 3 parts, water reducer 2 parts, high-efficiency antifreezing agent 8 parts;
Described screed-coat is laid by cement mortar, and described cement mortar composition is cement, filler and water.
2. the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described screed-coat, waterproof mortar course, bituminous water-proof coating, pitch stopping area are level and lay, and pea gravel concreten layer is have the downward domatic of 5 degree of inclinations angle from centre to surrounding, are equipped with that thickness is uniform crosses filter drainage layer on this pea gravel concreten layer; Cross outside filter drainage layer and 1m is provided with a screen pack.
3. the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Screed-coat is have 5 degree of angles of inclination from north side to southern side downward domatic, this screed-coat is equipped with successively and has same tilt angle and the uniform watertight composition of thickness and cross filter drainage layer, cross filter drainage layer lower side and 1m is provided with a screen pack.
4., according to the roof planting system of the waterproof root resistance of Claims 2 or 3 wherein described in any one, it is characterized in that:
The humidity sensor that the roof planting system of described waterproof root resistance also comprises controller, roof storage tank, roof drainage pipeline, rainer, three-way valve and is arranged in soil horizon;
Described screen pack is with delivery port, and described delivery port converges at a total delivery port; Total delivery port is connected with described roof drainage pipeline with described roof storage tank by described three-way valve, described controller controls three-way valve to be made describedly to cross water that filter drainage layer discharges first stored in roof storage tank, injects roof drainage pipeline when storage tank water is full;
Described controller can accept the signal of humidity sensor; When soil moisture is lower, controller controls to open described roof storage tank and described rainer, and rainer utilizes the water irrigate vegetation in storage tank.
5. a construction method for the roof planting system of root resistance waterproof, comprising:
S1 construction of leveling blanket
S1.1 base cleaning
S1.2 cement mortar stirs
First by No. 425 portland slag cements and particle diameter be 0.5mm ~ 2mm expanded perlite by 1: 7 weight ratio mix; Then the water of equivalent is poured in agitator, start agitator and pour said mixture into after 1 ~ 2 minute, and stir 2 ~ 3 minutes;
S1.3 lay, compress, levelling
First the height at each for roofing control point is carried out by 1: 3 cement mortar, and several levelling lattice of Region dividing levelling as required; Then according to the bracing wire of ready-made control point, control line height is more than 50mm, and cement expanded perlite mortar is carried out void paving screed-coat according to the ratio that compression ratio is 130%, and the screed-coat yoke after empty paving compresses, strikes off, compacting again, makes screed-coat at more than 40mm;
S1.4 maintenance
Normal temperature laid screed-coat after 36 hours, and carry out water curing to it, the time of water curing is 12 days, maintenance 3 times of at least sprinkling water every day;
S2 construction of waterproof layer
S2.1 waterproof mortar course is laid
Brush one times with brush the plain mortar that thickness is 2.5mm, kill powder more above in half an hour brush one times the thick plain mortar of 2.5mm to plain mortar surface, mistake one is little whitewashes waterproof mortar after second time plain mortar surface becomes dry; When establishing waterproof mortar on plain mortar bed upper berth, first pass is laterally laid, with the horizontal waterproof mortar course that cleaver laying depth is 12.5mm, after laying, until horizontal waterproof mortar course surface become dry to step on to people there is no obvious footprint after carry out second time and longitudinally lay, longitudinal waterproof mortar thickness of laying is also 12.5mm; Lay waterproof mortar course after 18 hours, watering maintenance has been carried out 3 days to it, and at least maintenance 3 times every day, then asphalt watertight composition;
S2.2 bituminous water-proof coating is laid
Waterproof mortar course is laid the bituminous water-proof coating stirred, and laying depth is 20mm;
S2.3 pitch stopping area is laid
At normal temperatures more than the powder stirring 30min needed for pitch stopping area is mixed to all powders; It is thick that the mixture this be stirred evenly lays 20mm on the bituminous water-proof coating of surface drying, laid rear wait 24h and treated that it is done solid work, then carried out the laying of lower one deck;
S2.4 pea gravel concreten layer is laid
Pea gravel concreten layer is directly layed on pitch stopping area, and laying depth is 30mm at least; After 24 hours do solid work, the water carried out at least 12 days spills maintenance, and at least maintenance 3 times every day;
S3 crosses filter drainage layer construction
The cobblestone being 3cm ~ 5cm by particle diameter or vermiculite or both mixtures or by have hollow structure cross filter block lay described in cross filter drainage layer, laying depth is 10cm; Described mistake outside filter drainage layer arranges screen pack every 1m, is connected with roof drainage pipeline by this screen pack with roof storage tank; The position of roof drainage pipeline is lower than screen pack and cross filter drainage layer;
S4 soil horizon is constructed
By the wood chip of the vermiculite of 10%, the drying of 10%, 20% discarded mushroom medium, the turfy soil of 20%, the natural original soil of 20% and 20% perlite mix for laying soil horizon; And this edaphic laying depth is not less than 50cm.
6. the construction method of the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: when carrying out the laying of described waterproof mortar course, first by weight by 52 parts of No. 425 portland slag cements, 15 parts of mica powders, 10 parts of anhydrous gypsums, 3 parts of alum, 10 parts of vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powders, that 10 parts of easy loosen collagen fibres pour clean stirrer for mixing into is even, slowly add the mixing material of 50 parts of water, 2 parts of fatty acid waterproofing agents and 1 part of water reducer again, after all adding to solution, then stir and lay after powder fully mixes with solution for 15 minutes.
7. the construction method of the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: when carrying out the laying of described bituminous water-proof coating, at normal temperatures, first by weight by 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 5 parts of ethylenediamines, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass, 10 parts of paraffin are mixed into required powder, and by 5 parts of phenol, 100 parts of pitches, 1 part of water reducer, 5 parts of water stir in agitator, slowly add again after stirring the above-mentioned powder that mixes continue to stir more than 30min to after stirring for asphalt watertight composition.
8. the construction method of the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when carrying out the laying of described pitch stopping area, at normal temperatures first by weight 10 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass are mixed into required powder in a reservoir, 100 parts of pitches, 5 parts of water and 1 part of chemical root resistance agent are stirred in agitator, then slowly add above-mentioned powder continue to stir more than 30min to after stirring for asphalt stopping area.
9. the construction method of the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the root resistance coiled material of copper tire base is immersed 3h in the emulsified asphalt of the chemical root resistance agent containing 1%, dried afterwards and be layed on bituminous water-proof coating as stopping area.
10. the construction method of the roof planting system of waterproof root resistance according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: at normal temperatures, first by weight by 8 parts of aluminum stearates, 5 parts of resin rubber powders, 1 part of talcum powder, 5 parts of ethylenediamines, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of waterglass, 10 parts of paraffin, be mixed into required powder, and by 5 parts of phenol, 100 parts of pitches, 1 part of water reducer, 5 parts of water, 1 part of chemical root resistance agent is placed in agitator and stirs, slowly add the above-mentioned powder that mixes after stirring again and continue to stir the asphalt waterproofing stopping area that more than 30min is 30mm ~ 50mm to laying depth after stirring.
The construction method of the roof planting system of 11. waterproof root resistances according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: when carrying out the laying of described pea gravel concreten layer, first by weight by 80 parts of water, 550 parts of particle diameters are that the rubble of 5mm ~ 15mm and 350 parts of nature medium sands are placed in agitator and stir, again by 200 parts of No. 425 portland slag cements, 30 parts of flyash, 0.5 part of modified polypropylene fiber, 3.0 parts of retardation setting high efficiency naphthalene water reducers, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 20 parts of anhydrous gypsums, 6 parts of alum, 3 parts of defoamers, 2 parts of water reducers, 8 parts of high-efficiency antifreezing agents mix in certain container, the powder this mixed slowly is poured in agitator, be layed on pitch stopping area after pea gravel concreten is stirred until at least 30min.
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| CN105706559A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 南开大学 | Ground system combining ecological retention and vegetable swale |
| CN106171601A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-07 | 苏州筑园景观规划设计股份有限公司 | Roofing greening system and construction method thereof |
| CN106284862A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 夏波 | A kind of building roof greening system |
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| CN112106584A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-22 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Regeneration land vegetation planting structure based on solid waste digestion |
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