CN104456515A - Boiler operation method - Google Patents
Boiler operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104456515A CN104456515A CN201410337935.9A CN201410337935A CN104456515A CN 104456515 A CN104456515 A CN 104456515A CN 201410337935 A CN201410337935 A CN 201410337935A CN 104456515 A CN104456515 A CN 104456515A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a boiler operation method. A boiler comprises a combustion area (1) and a flue. The boiler operation method comprises the steps that oxygen-rich gas enters the combustion area to be combusted, all sections in the boiler are in the micro-positive pressure state, and a plurality of pressure measurement points are arranged along the way inside the combustion area and the flue to detect the smoke pressure of each section in the boiler; when smoke pressure measured by one or more pressure measurement points is larger than or lower than a preset micro-positive pressure range, a pressure balancing device is used for stabilizing the smoke pressure at the corresponding pressure measurement point to be within the preset micro-positive pressure range. The boiler operation method not only is applicable to an oxygen-rich combustion boiler, but also is applicable to a traditional air combustion boiler, can comprehensively and accurately monitor the pressure inside the boiler, stabilizes the pressure inside the boiler to be within the micro-positive pressure range and enables the boiler to operate under the preset micro-positive pressure, thereby reducing air leakage, ensuring safe operation of the boiler and effectively improving the concentration of CO2 in smoke as well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of operation method of boiler.
Background technology
Oxygen-enriched combusting refers to that it is the combustion technology of the energy-efficient low emission of generally acknowledging before a project with the combustion system of the oxygen-rich mixture body higher than natural air (containing oxygen about 21%) oxygen concentration as fuel combustion oxidant and carrier.This technology substitutes with the high-concentration oxygen injecting burner hearth the oxygen contained in natural air and carries out fuel combustion, simultaneously in order to obtain suitable boiler heat-transfer characteristic, control furnace flame and thermo parameters method, introduces flue gas recirculation mechanism, finally obtains high CO
2the flue gas of concentration, is conducive to low cost CO
2catch and reduce discharging.But, in conventional air burning boiler running, from the consideration of the aspects such as Principles of Boiler, structure and safety, usually rely on the adjustment of air-introduced machine rotating speed or damper blade to carry out the control of furnace pressure.Generally, conventional air burning boiler is strictly set as negative pressure is run.If carry out oxygen-enriched combusting in conventional air burning boiler, run because burner hearth is in negative pressure for a long time, not only can affect the economy of boiler, and can greatly increase leaking out of system, be difficult to be formed and be beneficial to CO
2catch the process conditions of reduction of discharging.And it is the important indicator that oxygen-enriched combustion system normally runs that minimizing is leaked out.Therefore, in order to reduce Air Leakage Into Boilers as far as possible, the steam generator system of oxygen-enriched combusting needs to adopt pressurized operation, and when namely normally running, furnace pressure controls within the scope of pressure-fired, formative dynamics balance between infiltration and spilling.The burning of pressurized firing stove and fume side heat transfer, carry out all under positive pressure.Usually by the boiler of the flue gas pressures in combustion chamber when running and flue higher than outer atmospheric pressure 50 ~ 400 handkerchief (Pa) left and right of stove, pressurized firing boiler is called.Most of steam generator system, particularly large-sized station boiler, in structure, the physical space of fuel combustion zone and flue gas heat exchange side is comparatively large, and flow of flue gas path is longer; Except the leaking out of peephole, manhole and instrument gaging hole, itself also inevitably there is the problem of leaking out in some units.In fact, in stove, the flue gas pressures of each section is differentiated in boiler operatiopn.For reducing the object of leaking out, desirable situation requires that from burner hearth bottom in stove, whole flue gas flow is all in pressure-fired or positive pressure gradient state along the line until boiler back end ductwork outlet.
But, in existing combustion boiler system, the just simple Monitoring and Controlling point using furnace outlet pressure as whole steam generator system Stress control link, the pressure condition that whole steam generator system runs can not be monitored so accurately, and the flue gas pressures of each section is differentiated in boiler operatiopn in boiler, the flue gas pressures situation of each section of feedback that can not be correct, can not the Air Leakage of solution boiler promptly and accurately, thus is unfavorable for CO
2catch, cause CO in flue gas
2concentration reduces, so need a kind of method accurately comprehensively can monitored boiler pressure and run badly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to overcome in existing combustion boiler system, accurately can not monitor flue gas pressures in boiler all sidedly, Air Leakage can not get effectively solving causing CO in flue gas
2concentration reduces, and is unfavorable for CO
2catch and a kind of boiler operatiopn method provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of operation method of boiler, this boiler comprises combustion zone and flue, the method comprises: passed in combustion zone by oxygen rich gas and burn, and the burning gases obtained are discharged via flue, each section in described boiler is in pressure-fired, and by laying multiple pressure-measuring-point to detect the flue gas pressures of each section in boiler along Cheng Yici in combustion zone and flue;
When the flue gas pressures measured by one or more pressure-measuring-point is higher or lower than predetermined pressure-fired scope, by pressure equaliser, the flue gas pressures at corresponding pressure-measuring-point place is stabilized within the scope of this predetermined pressure-fired.
According to the operation method of a kind of boiler provided by the invention, the method is not only applicable to oxygen-enriched combustion boiler and is applicable to conventional air burning boiler yet, by laying multiple pressure-measuring-point along Cheng Yici in combustion zone and flue, can pressure in comprehensive and accurate monitoring stove, within the scope of the pressure-fired predetermined in the present invention by the pressure stability in stove, boiler is run under the pressure-fired that this is predetermined, thus minimizing is leaked out, ensure the safe operation of boiler, also can effectively improve CO in flue gas simultaneously
2concentration.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for description, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of boiler operatiopn method provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 furnace outlet district of furnace arch, furnace nose district 4, water-cooling wall district 3, combustion zone 2
5 economizer district 7 of superheater district 6 air preheater district 8 pressure sensors
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of operation method of boiler, this boiler comprises combustion zone 1 and flue, the method comprises: passed into by oxygen rich gas in combustion zone 1 and burn, and the burning gases obtained are discharged via flue, each section in described boiler is in pressure-fired, and by laying multiple pressure-measuring-point to detect the flue gas pressures of each section in boiler along Cheng Yici in combustion zone 1 and flue;
When the flue gas pressures measured by one or more pressure-measuring-point is higher or lower than predetermined pressure-fired scope, by pressure equaliser, the flue gas pressures at corresponding pressure-measuring-point place is stabilized within the scope of this predetermined pressure-fired.
According to the present invention, described pressure balance refers to by the Stress control in boiler within the scope of predetermined pressure-fired, namely controls in the scope of 50 ~ 400Pa, and the device of Stress control in boiler within the scope of predetermined pressure-fired is referred to as pressure equaliser.
According to the present invention, in described flue along journey to refer to along flow of flue gas direction the distance of process.
According to the present invention, each section in described boiler can comprise boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 etc.
According to the present invention, described water-cooling wall is laid in boiler furnace inwall, by the molecular evaporating heating surface of many parallel transistors, absorbs the radiations heat energy of thermal-flame or flue gas in burner hearth, produces steam or hot water, and reduce temperature of furnace wall in pipe, protect furnace wall.
According to the present invention, described furnace arch, furnace nose is the triangular shaped protrusion extended in boiler, and described furnace arch, furnace nose can increase the length of horizontal flue, improves the degree of filling of flue gas in burner hearth and makes flue gas even along the distribution trend of combustion zone short transverse.
According to the present invention, described superheater is the parts in boiler, steam being heated to further overtemperature from saturation temperature.
According to the present invention, described economizer is the heating surface of saturation water boiler feedwater be heated in flue under drum pressure, due to the heat of the low-temperature flue gas that its absorbs, reduce the exhaust gas temperature of flue gas, save the energy, improve efficiency, so be referred to as economizer.
According to the present invention, described air preheater is also referred to as air preheater, and air preheater is that the flue gas in flue will enter the heating surface of the air preheat before boiler to uniform temperature by inner fin, for improving the heat exchange performance of boiler, reduces energy ezpenditure.
According to the present invention, along the flow direction of flue gas, described flue comprises water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 successively.
According to the present invention, in order to the pressure in comprehensive and accurate monitoring steam generator system, by the combustion zone 1 in described boiler, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7, one or more pressure-measuring-point is set respectively separately.In the present invention, the number of the pressure-measuring-point that each section above-mentioned is arranged can be 1-4, in order to cost-saving, the number of the pressure-measuring-point that each section can be arranged is preferably 2-3, wherein, the number of the pressure-measuring-point arranged for each section can equally also can not wait, such as, combustion zone 1 in described boiler can arrange 4 pressure-measuring-points, water-cooling wall district 2 can arrange 3 pressure-measuring-points, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3 can arrange 4 pressure-measuring-points, furnace outlet district 4 can arrange 2 pressure-measuring-points, superheater district 5 can arrange 2 pressure-measuring-points, economizer district 6 can arrange 3 pressure-measuring-points, air preheater district 7 can arrange 4 pressure-measuring-points etc.
According to the present invention, described pressure-measuring-point can adopt any pressure-detecting device, as long as can detect the pressure of each section in boiler.In the present invention, the pressure-detecting device that described pressure-measuring-point adopts is pressure sensor 8.
According to the present invention, leak out to reduce in boiler, by the Stress control in boiler within the scope of predetermined pressure-fired, wherein, the pressure of boiler combustion district and about the 50 ~ 400Pa higher than the outer atmospheric pressure of boiler of the flue gas pressures in flue when pressure-fired refers to operation.
In the present invention, described predetermined pressure-fired scope can be 50 ~ 400Pa, and wherein, described pressure-fired is gauge pressure.
According to the present invention, when the flue gas pressures that the pressure-measuring-point of each section records is higher or lower than predetermined pressure-fired scope, by pressure equaliser, the flue gas pressures at corresponding pressure-measuring-point place is stabilized within the scope of this predetermined pressure-fired.Described pressure equaliser can be any device that can regulate each section pressure in boiler, as long as can by each section pressure stability in boiler within the scope of described predetermined pressure-fired.In the present invention, described pressure equaliser can be at least one in pressure fan, air-introduced machine and note oxygen device.When the pressure of each section in boiler is higher than predetermined pressure-fired scope, by air inducing power traction First air, Secondary Air or repeatedly wind combine regulation pressure, by pressure stability within the scope of predetermined pressure-fired; When the pressure of each section in boiler is lower than predetermined pressure-fired scope, regulate pressure, by pressure stability within the scope of predetermined pressure-fired by pressure fan or note oxygen device.
According to the present invention, as long as the content of oxygen is higher than the content of oxygen in natural air in described oxygen rich gas, wherein, in natural air, the content of oxygen is 21%.
Under preferable case, described oxygen rich gas is the oxygen containing more than 90%.
According to the present invention, in order to better regulate the pressure of each section in boiler, the flue gas flow rate in described boiler can be generally 5 ~ 14m/s, is preferably 7 ~ 10m/s.
Below will be described the present invention by embodiment, wherein, the pressure sensor in following embodiment and comparative example is that the Kunlun, Beijing seashore company produces, and the trade mark is JYB-3151-3301-M3E1B1G2-F22.In following embodiment and comparative example, record CO in flue gas by flue gas analyzer
2concentration.
The structure of the boiler used in following examples and comparative example as shown in Figure 1, particularly, this boiler comprises: boiler combustion district 1 and flue, and described flue comprises water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 successively.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment boiler, the setting of pressure-measuring-point is as shown in Figure 1, specific as follows:
Described boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 arrange 4 pressure sensors 8 separately respectively, described furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5 arranges 3 pressure sensors 8 separately respectively, oxygen-enriched combusting is carried out in boiler, the gas that burning obtains is via water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 discharge, when boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, when the pressure sensor 8 in economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 all shows pressure in boiler lower than 50Pa, regulated by pressure fan, until the pressure sensor 8 of each section all shows pressure in boiler higher than 50Pa, lower than out-of-blast during 400Pa, finally by the pressure stability in boiler between 50 ~ 400Pa.CO in flue gas is recorded by flue gas analyzer
2concentration be 83%.
Embodiment 2
Described boiler combustion district 1 arranges 4 pressure sensors 8, described water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 arrange 3 pressure sensors 8 separately respectively, oxygen-enriched combusting is carried out in boiler, the gas that burning obtains is via water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 discharge, when boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, when the pressure sensor 8 in economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 all shows pressure in boiler higher than 400Pa, regulated by air-introduced machine air inducing, until the pressure sensor 8 of each section all shows pressure in boiler lower than 400Pa, air inducing is stopped higher than during 50Pa, finally by the pressure stability in boiler between 50-400Pa.CO in flue gas is recorded by flue gas analyzer
2concentration be 83%.
Embodiment 3
Described boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 arrange 1 pressure sensor 8 separately respectively, oxygen-enriched combusting is carried out in boiler, the gas that burning obtains is via water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 discharge, when boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, furnace outlet district 4, superheater district 5, when the pressure sensor 8 in economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7 all shows pressure in boiler higher than 400Pa, regulated by air-introduced machine air inducing, until the pressure sensor 8 of each section all shows pressure in boiler lower than 400Pa, air inducing is stopped higher than during 50Pa, finally by the pressure stability in boiler between 50-400Pa.CO in flue gas is recorded by flue gas analyzer
2concentration be 80%.
Comparative example 1
According to the method for embodiment 1, pressure sensor 8 is set, pressure sensor 8 is not set unlike described boiler combustion district 1, water-cooling wall district 2, furnace arch, furnace nose district 3, superheater district 5, economizer district 6 and air preheater district 7, and does not regulate the pressure in boiler by pressure fan.CO in flue gas is recorded by flue gas analyzer
2concentration be 75%.
Comparative example 2
Arranging pressure sensor 8 according to the method for embodiment 1, is run under negative pressure unlike boiler, and the pressure namely in stove is lower than the outer atmospheric pressure of stove.CO in flue gas is recorded by flue gas analyzer
2concentration be 70%.
Can be found out by embodiment and comparative example, according to the operation method of described boiler provided by the invention, run under predetermined pressure-fired by making boiler, and at each section of boiler, pressure sensor is all set with monitoring and the pressure adjusting each section in real time, the safe operation of boiler can be ensured, and CO in flue gas can be improved
2concentration.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.
In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. the operation method of a boiler, this boiler comprises combustion zone (1) and flue, the method comprises: passed into by oxygen rich gas in combustion zone (1) and burn, and the burning gases obtained are discharged via flue, it is characterized in that, each section in described boiler is in pressure-fired, and by laying multiple pressure-measuring-point along Cheng Yici to detect the flue gas pressures of each section in boiler in combustion zone (1) and flue;
When the flue gas pressures measured by one or more pressure-measuring-point is higher or lower than predetermined pressure-fired scope, by pressure equaliser, the flue gas pressures at corresponding pressure-measuring-point place is stabilized within the scope of this predetermined pressure-fired.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, along the flow direction of flue gas, described flue comprises water-cooling wall district (2), furnace arch, furnace nose district (3), furnace outlet district (4), superheater district (5), economizer district (6) and air preheater district (7) successively.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, 1 ~ 4 pressure-measuring-point is respectively arranged with separately in the combustion zone (1) in described boiler, water-cooling wall district (2), furnace arch, furnace nose district (3), furnace outlet district (4), superheater district (5), economizer district (6) and air preheater district (7).
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, 2 ~ 3 pressure-measuring-points are respectively arranged with separately in the combustion zone (1) in described boiler, water-cooling wall district (2), furnace arch, furnace nose district (3), furnace outlet district (4), superheater district (5), economizer district (6) and air preheater district (7).
5. according to the method in claim 1,3 and 4 described in any one, wherein, the pressure-detecting device that described pressure-measuring-point adopts is pressure sensor (8).
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described predetermined pressure-fired scope is 50 ~ 400Pa.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure equaliser comprises at least one in pressure fan, air-introduced machine and note oxygen device.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, described oxygen rich gas contains the oxygen of more than 90%.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the flue gas flow rate in described boiler is 5 ~ 14m/s.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the flue gas flow rate in described boiler is 7 ~ 10m/s.
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| CN201410337935.9A CN104456515B (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2014-07-16 | A kind of operation method of boiler |
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| CN201410337935.9A CN104456515B (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2014-07-16 | A kind of operation method of boiler |
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| CN104456515B CN104456515B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105181256A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich combustion air leak monitoring method and system |
| CN110285426A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-27 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of microwave-assisted burner of the solid waste of use for laboratory and method |
| CN114811619A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-29 | 江西南方锅炉股份有限公司 | Steam boiler system for combusting yellow phosphorus tail gas and control method thereof |
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| CN104456515B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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