CN101709881A - Oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method of pulverized coal fired boilers - Google Patents

Oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method of pulverized coal fired boilers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101709881A
CN101709881A CN200910242190A CN200910242190A CN101709881A CN 101709881 A CN101709881 A CN 101709881A CN 200910242190 A CN200910242190 A CN 200910242190A CN 200910242190 A CN200910242190 A CN 200910242190A CN 101709881 A CN101709881 A CN 101709881A
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oxygen
coal
enriched
rich gas
enriched combusting
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CN200910242190A
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吕子剑
陈乔平
周培红
李素芳
张瑜
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Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Priority to CN200910242190A priority Critical patent/CN101709881A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The invention provides an oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method of pulverized coal fired boilers, and relates to an oxygen-enriched combustion method of coal-fired boilers. The oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method is characterized in that: the oxygen-enriched combustion process of a coal-fired boiler firstly adopts an enriched oxygen generator to oxygenize air and prepare oxygenized gas after filtering and purifying the air; and then the prepared oxygenized gas enters a hearth for oxygen enriched combustion after drying and preheating. The oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method has the advantages that: (1) oxygenized air is dry gas; (2) no soft water consumption is generated; (3) a gas-water separator, a dehumidifier, a draining pump, a water ring vacuum pump water-inlet pressure-stabilizing tank, a water level control device, and the like are omitted, so the device is simplified; and (4) floor occupation is reduced. After improvement, the moisture can be reduced by 3 to 5 percent; the thermal efficiency of a TCZ-150/3.82-1 type boiler is effectively improved; and low-load stable combustion is realized to effectively prevent coking and reduce Nox discharge.

Description

A kind of method of pulverized-coal fired boiler oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting
Technical field
A kind of method of pulverized-coal fired boiler oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting relates to a kind of oxygen-enriched combusting method of coal-burning boiler.
Background technology
At present, the film oxygen enriching combustion supporting technology is used on stoves such as several fuel oils, fire coal and gas burning kiln, boiler, heating furnace, Gas-making Furnace and incinerator.In the numerous at home and abroad research and the report of application facet, what coal-burning boiler was succeeded Application and Development only is confined to some medium and small boilers, and is chain furnace mostly.Because large-sized boiler mostly is pulverized-coal fired boiler greatly at present, seek the oxygen-enriched combusting method of pulverized-coal fired boiler, be of great importance to reducing the boiler energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists at above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of and can effectively utilize the oxygen-enriched combusting method that oxygen-enriched air stream is combustion-supporting, improve the coal-burning boiler of efficiency of combustion.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of oxygen-enriched combusting method of coal-burning boiler, the oxygen-enriched combusting process that it is characterized in that coal-burning boiler is after at first just air filtration purifies, adopt oxygen-enriched generator that oxygen enrichingization is made oxygen rich gas, will make again after the oxygen rich gas drying after the preheating, enter burner hearth and carry out oxygen-enriched combusting.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that the oxygen concentration that its oxygen enrichingization makes oxygen rich gas is 27%-30%.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that it is 3%-5% that its oxygen enrichingization makes the dried water content of oxygen rich gas.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that its oxygen enrichingization makes that the temperature of preheating is 260 ℃ after the oxygen rich gas drying.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that preheating is after the preheating of boiler high temperature heat exchanger after its oxygen rich gas drying, is 260 ℃ through being preheated to temperature again.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that its oxygen enrichingization makes to enter that the flow velocity of oxygen rich gas is 38~45m/s behind the burner hearth after oxygen rich gas drying, the preheating that the oxygen enrichment flow is 1600~2000Nm 3/ h, oxygen enrichment spray angle are 44 °, and the oxygen enrichment eject position is four jiaos in a burner hearth, highly: 13.5m.
The oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the present invention is characterized in that adopting the mode of dry vacuum pump effect pump gas.
Method of the present invention utilizes large artificial software CFX that the boiler operatiopn state is carried out three-dimensional artificial, understands the furnace flame state, has determined coal dust distribution in the stove, best excess oxygen.
At present the flow process of film oxygen enriching mainly contains two kinds of positive platen press and negative pressure methods, and positive pressure operation pressure is more than or equal to 0.4MPa, and negative-pressure operation vacuum all can reach 28%-30% more than or equal to 560mmHg dual mode oxygen content, considers economy, chooses the negative pressure method.The data that can retrieve at present shows, the technological design of negative pressure method is: air filtration → high pressure positive blower film → membrane module → vavuum pump → separator → dehumidifier → heater, it is moisture that the most fatal shortcoming of this technology is that dehumidifier can't resolve gas, dehumidifier is a shape water of removing in the gas, and removes to fall the saturation water in the gas.There are two places in water source in the oxygen-enriched air, and the one, the oxygen permeable membrane very permeable is crossed steam, and its transmission coefficient is more than 100 times of nitrogen, so moisture all supersaturation in the oxygen-enriched air; The 2nd, water-ring vacuum pump exhaust band water, because vavuum pump compression ratio height, the delivery temperature height has increased gas saturation water content.This two-part water dehumidifier can't be removed, and this part water is after tested up to 5%~7%, enters behind the boiler to decompose according to following formula the endothermic reaction: H takes place 2O (g)+C (g)=CO (g)+H (g), Δ H Θ 298/ kj=131.3 (1mol water vapour).
Method of the present invention, its technical process changes into: air filtration → high pressure positive blower → membrane module → dry vacuum pump → drier → preheater.This technology has following advantage: 1) oxygen-enriched air is a dry gas; 2) no soft water consumption; 3) remove steam-water separator, dehumidifier, draining pump, water-ring vacuum pump water inlet pressure stabilizing tank, water-level control apparatus etc., simplification device; 4) reduce floor space.
Method of the present invention, for making full use of the waste heat of boiler, the warm of its rich gas gas designs preheater and is installed in after the boiler high temperature heat exchanger, and the oxygen-enriched air temperature after the preheating is 260 ℃.
Measure before the oxygen enrichment input and the situation that burner region furnace profile overdraught distributes after dropping into,, understand after the oxygen enrichment input influence the air-flow aerodynamic field by contrast, and the motion conditions of whole gas stream in the stove.Be hot operation adjustment, the normal operation of Performance Detection and boiler provides necessary condition and foundation.
On the basis of boiler furnace static(al) field, aerodynamic field test, carry out the simulation calculation of three-dimensional temperature field, velocity field and coal dust distribution situation in the boiler furnace, investigate of the influence of oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting The Application of Technology to firing space behavior.
Oxygen-enriched air carries out the test of steam generator system thermal balance after adding boiler, calculates according to test result, understands the influence of rich empty Oxygen Flow to flame, carries out primary and secondary air adjustment and control, and the adjustment of oxygen-enriched air flow and add the adjustment of Inbound.
Debugging divides two kinds of situation debugging:
Load condition: under boiler load 100%, 80%, 60% 3 kind of state, debug;
System status: under the constant situation of air quantity, coal dust amount, debug;
Air quantity constant, debug under the powder-feeding amount changing condition;
Debug under, the air quantity changing condition constant at powder-feeding amount.
In above debugging, carry out steam generator system cold conditions aerodynamic field, thermal balance test and debugging, determine the optimum flow of oxygen-enriched air stream and add Inbound.
Method of the present invention replaces water-ring vacuum pump with dry vacuum pump.
Method of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) oxygen-enriched air is a dry gas; 2) no soft water consumption; 3) remove separator, dehumidifier, draining pump, water-ring vacuum pump water inlet pressure stabilizing tank, water-level control apparatus etc., simplified device; 4) reduce floor space.Can reduce about moisture 3%-5% after the improvement.Effectively improved TCZ-150/3.82-1 type boiler thermal output 1.5%, and realized low load stable combustion, effectively prevented coking, reduce the Nox discharge capacity.
The specific embodiment
A kind of oxygen-enriched combusting method of coal-burning boiler, the oxygen-enriched combusting process of its coal-burning boiler is after at first just air filtration purifies, adopt oxygen-enriched generator that oxygen enrichingization is made oxygen rich gas, will make again after the oxygen rich gas drying after the preheating, enter burner hearth and carry out oxygen-enriched combusting.
During operation, on boiler, increase by a cover oxygen-enriching device, on four jiaos in boiler, increase quadruplet oxygen enrichment nozzle.The oxygen concentration that the control oxygen enrichingization makes oxygen rich gas is 27%-30%; Dried water content is 3%-5%; The temperature of dry back preheating is 260 ℃; Enter that the flow velocity of oxygen rich gas is 38~45m/s behind the burner hearth, the oxygen enrichment flow is 1600~2000Nm 3/ h, oxygen enrichment spray angle are 44 °, and the oxygen enrichment eject position is four jiaos in a burner hearth, highly: 13.5m; Adopt the mode of dry vacuum pump effect pump gas.
Adopt the film oxygen enriching combustion supporting technology can improve combustion position from many aspects: (1), can to improve the ature of coal amount unstable and cause the problem of combustion instability; (2), improve the coefficient of excess air problem that causes incomplete combustion less than normal, minimizing machinery and loss of the inadequacy burning for chemistry mechanics reason, the combustible in reduction slag and the flying dust; (3), avoid the boiler over-emitting black exhaust, reduce smoke discharge amount, prevent that pollutant emission from exceeding standard; (4), can improve temperature and flame blackness in the flame, strengthen the heat radiation composition in the burner hearth, improve the effective rate of utilization of heat energy greatly, satisfy the requirement of boiler high loaded process, improve boiler output; (5), improve the flame kernel heat load intensity, shorten the time of after-flame greatly, reduce flame kernel length and sectional area, and prevent the flame kernel skew, reduce boiler relevant position coking, improve boiler service cycle; (6), can suitably reduce and send into the air total amount that stove is stared at, the effective rate of utilization of raising heat energy, reduction smoke evacuation degree.
1.6 #Boiler reaches 109.8,138.46 respectively under 70%, 90%, 100% load, 154.3t/h.
2. the ature of coal second-rate combustion instability that causes unstable and coal that causes because of the proportioning of coal improves.
3. the phenomenon of the incomplete combustion that causes because of excess air coefficient is less than normal improves, and the combustible in machinery and loss of the inadequacy burning for chemistry mechanics reason and slag and the flying dust decreases.
4. to make the oxygen concentration of oxygen rich gas be 27% to oxygen enrichingization.
5. to make the dried water content of oxygen rich gas be 4% to its oxygen enrichingization.
6. preheating is after the preheating of boiler high temperature heat exchanger after the oxygen rich gas drying, is 260 ℃ through being preheated to temperature again.
7. oxygen enrichingization makes and enters that the flow velocity of oxygen rich gas is 40m/s behind the burner hearth after oxygen rich gas drying, the preheating, and the oxygen enrichment flow is 2000Nm 3/ h, oxygen enrichment spray angle are 44 °, and the oxygen enrichment eject position is four jiaos in a burner hearth, highly: 13.5m.
8. adopt the mode of dry vacuum pump effect pump gas.
The operation test data see the following form 1,2,3.
Table 1 70% Road test result
Sequence number Project name Symbol Unit Do not add oxygen enrichment Add the oxygen enrichment operation
??1 The actual measurement boiler capacity ????D ????t/h ????106.2 ??109.8
??2 Superheated steam air pressure ????P ????Mp a ????3.8 ??3.8
??3 Superheat steam temperature ????T ????℃ ????440 ??430
??4 The cold wind temperature ????T lf ????℃ ????9 ??9
??5 Hot blast temperature ????T rf ????℃ ????320 ??330
??6 Exhaust gas temperature ????T py ????℃ ????134.2 ??133.5
Sequence number Project name Symbol Unit Do not add oxygen enrichment Add the oxygen enrichment operation
??7 Total air output ????V k ????Nm 3/h ????92084.5 ??91002
??8 Primary air flow ????V k1 ????Nm 3/h ????25785 ??25776
??9 Secondary air flow ??V k2 ??Nm 3/h ??63073.0 ??61601.5
??10 Exhaust smoke level ??V y ??Nm 3/h ??149397 ??149112
??11 Unburned carbon in flue dust ??C fh ??% ??4.31 ??1.21
??12 Ash content carbon ??C hz ??% ??12.61 ??8.71
??13 Efficiency of combustion ??η rs ??% ??95.3 ??97.9
??14 The actual measurement thermal efficiency ??η ??% ??88.6 ??91.7
Table 2 90% Road test result
Sequence number Project name Symbol Unit Do not add the oxygen enrichment operation Add the oxygen enrichment operation
??1 The actual measurement boiler capacity ??D ??t/h ??134.1 ??138.46
??2 Superheated steam air pressure ??P ??Mp a ??3.8 ??3.8
??3 Superheat steam temperature ??T ??℃ ??430 ??440
??4 The cold wind temperature ??T lf ??℃ ??9 ??9
??5 Hot blast temperature ??T rf ??℃ ??320 ??330
??6 Exhaust gas temperature ??T py ??℃ ??131.5 ??132
??7 Total air output ??V k ??Nm 3/h ??113552 ??114632
??8 Primary air flow ??V k1 ??Nm 3/h ??31467.1 ??31532.5
??9 Secondary air flow ??V k2 ??Nm 3/h ??79220 ??78306
??10 Exhaust smoke level ??V y ??Nm 3/h ??169923 ??170551
Sequence number Project name Symbol Unit Do not add the oxygen enrichment operation Add the oxygen enrichment operation
??11 Unburned carbon in flue dust ??C fh ??% ??4.67 ??2.1
??12 Ash content carbon ??C hz ??% ??3.21 ??3.11
??13 Efficiency of combustion ??η rs ??% ??96.7 ??98.4
??14 The actual measurement thermal efficiency ??η ??% ??89.4 ??93.3
Table 3 100% Road test result
Sequence number Project name Symbol Unit Do not add oxygen enrichment Add rich operation row
??1 The actual measurement boiler capacity ??D ??t/h ??150 ??153
??2 Superheated steam air pressure ??P ??Mp a ??3.8 ??3.8
??3 Superheat steam temperature ??T ??℃ ??440 ??430
??4 The cold wind temperature ??T lf ??℃ ??9.5 ??9
??5 Hot blast temperature ??T rf ??℃ ??340 ??318
??6 Exhaust gas temperature ??T py ??℃ ??132 ??135
??7 Total air output ??V k ??Nm 3/h ??128267.5 ??126635
??8 Primary air flow ??V k1 ??Nm 3/h ??34331 ??34360
??9 Secondary air flow ??V k2 ??Nm 3/h ??90912.0 ??97831
??10 Exhaust smoke level ??V y ??Nm 3/h ??203765 ??194797
??11 Unburned carbon in flue dust ??C fh ??% ??6.12 ??1.6
??12 Ash content carbon ??C hz ??% ??8.21 ??3.2
??13 Efficiency of combustion ??η rs ??% ??95.7 ??97.8
??14 The actual measurement thermal efficiency ??η ??% ??89.7 ??92.3

Claims (7)

1. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a coal-burning boiler, the oxygen-enriched combusting process that it is characterized in that coal-burning boiler is after at first just air filtration purifies, adopt oxygen-enriched generator that oxygen enrichingization is made oxygen rich gas, will make again after the oxygen rich gas drying after the preheating, enter burner hearth and carry out oxygen-enriched combusting.
2. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the oxygen concentration that its oxygen enrichingization makes oxygen rich gas is 27%-30%.
3. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is 3%-5% that its oxygen enrichingization makes the dried water content of oxygen rich gas.
4. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that its oxygen enrichingization makes that the temperature of preheating is 260 ℃ after the oxygen rich gas drying.
5. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that preheating is after the preheating of boiler high temperature heat exchanger after its oxygen rich gas drying, is 260 ℃ through being preheated to temperature again.
6. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that its oxygen enrichingization makes to enter that the flow velocity of oxygen rich gas is 38~45m/s behind the burner hearth after oxygen rich gas drying, the preheating that the oxygen enrichment flow is 1600~2000Nm 3/ h, oxygen enrichment spray angle are 44 °, and the oxygen enrichment eject position is four jiaos in a burner hearth, highly: 13.5m.
7. the oxygen-enriched combusting method of a kind of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the mode of dry vacuum pump effect pump gas.
CN200910242190A 2009-12-09 2009-12-09 Oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting method of pulverized coal fired boilers Pending CN101709881A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102494349A (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 亿恒节能科技江苏有限公司 Blowing, dehumidifying and heating steam boiler system
CN103234198A (en) * 2013-04-19 2013-08-07 上海交通大学 Superfine coal dust oxygen-enriched combustion technology and system
CN104456515A (en) * 2014-07-16 2015-03-25 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Boiler operation method
CN106225002A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 王政 A kind of film method oxygen-enriched combustion supporting device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102494349A (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 亿恒节能科技江苏有限公司 Blowing, dehumidifying and heating steam boiler system
CN103234198A (en) * 2013-04-19 2013-08-07 上海交通大学 Superfine coal dust oxygen-enriched combustion technology and system
CN103234198B (en) * 2013-04-19 2015-10-28 上海交通大学 Microfine coal oxygen-enriched burning process and system
CN104456515A (en) * 2014-07-16 2015-03-25 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Boiler operation method
CN104456515B (en) * 2014-07-16 2016-04-13 中国神华能源股份有限公司 A kind of operation method of boiler
CN106225002A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 王政 A kind of film method oxygen-enriched combustion supporting device

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Application publication date: 20100519