CN104450162B - Extraction method of soybean oil body having high oxidation resistance - Google Patents

Extraction method of soybean oil body having high oxidation resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104450162B
CN104450162B CN201410731905.6A CN201410731905A CN104450162B CN 104450162 B CN104450162 B CN 104450162B CN 201410731905 A CN201410731905 A CN 201410731905A CN 104450162 B CN104450162 B CN 104450162B
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centrifuge tube
fatss
oils
sucrose
soybean oil
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CN104450162A (en
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侯俊财
江连洲
王胜男
梁新婷
刘悦
王秋岭
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Northeast Agricultural University
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Northeast Agricultural University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L25/00Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L25/10Peanut butter
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/10Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/008Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an extraction method of a soybean oil body having high oxidation resistance, and belongs to the field of health food or biotechnology. The soybean oil body having high oxidation resistance is extracted from soybean seeds through such processes as soaking, grinding, filtering, centrifuging and homogenizing. According to the extraction method disclosed by the invention, the oil body is extracted by taking water as a medium, so that the method is non-toxic, and simple and convenient to operate, and the soybean oil body is stable, relatively high in purity and conducive to the application in food. The oil body extracted by virtue of the method can be dried or rehydrated and added to any other foods or animal feed products such as peanut butter.

Description

A kind of extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant
Technical field
The invention belongs to health food or biological technical field, are related to a kind of Semen sojae atricolor with high antioxidant and stability The preparation method of oils and fatss body.
Background technology
Semen sojae atricolor is stored in lipid as main reserve substance in certain subcellular organelle granule, is dispersed into many little relatively steady Fixed subcellular fraction microdroplet, these little subcellular fraction microdroplets are referred to as oils and fatss body(oil body).The particle diameter of soybean oil body is 0.2 ~0.5 μm, inside is the triacylglycerol of liquid, and outside is by monolayer phospholipid molecule and its integral protein(oleosin)Composition Half unit membrane.
At present, mainly make surfactant with protein both at home and abroad, produced by the process of homogenizing with oil, protein and water Emulsion, as emulsifying agent application in the food industry, this emulsifying agent extremely unstable and process needs to consume big energy, and And industrially generally vegetable oil, such as normal hexane, isopropanol are extracted from plant seed with organic solvent, these organic solvents one As it is poisonous, inflammable and explosive, readily volatilized, during vegetable oil extraction, the immersion of organic solvent easily causes vegetable protein Degeneration and easily remain.Therefore, in the urgent need to nontoxic, the not volatile solvent extraction vegetable oil of one kind and albumen, and not shadow Ring their functional character.And the method that soybean oil body is extracted as medium with water, soybean oil body is stablized as natural Emulsifying agent be directly appended in food, eliminate the process of solvent extraction vegetable oil, safety non-toxic is applied in the food industry There is certain advantage.In recent years, soybean oil body has been obtained for increasing concern because its possible application food, In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industry, and emulsifying and homogenizing process are not needed.Therefore, the extracting method of soybean oil body is ground Studying carefully has certain practical significance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant, the method is carried The soybean oil body for taking can be used as natural stable emulsifying agent.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant, with soybean seed as raw material, using soaking, grind The techniques such as mill, filtration, centrifugation, homogenizing are extracted and formed, and are comprised the following steps that:
(1)Immersion:By 80.00 ± 1.00 g soybean seed h of 450 ~ 500 ml distilled water immersions 12 ~ 14.
(2)Grinding:The seed of full grains after immersion is added in tissue mashing machine and is ground, be homogenized Thing.
(3)Filter:Homogenate is filtered.
(4)Separate:
A, collection filtrate carry out subpackage centrifugation, the bottom of 500 ml centrifuge tubes are placed in per 150 ~ 200 ml filtrates, per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)It is layered in upper strata, and will be from Heart pipe is centrifuged;
B, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L wash solutions(Containing 0.1% polysorbas20,0.2 The buffer of M sucrose and 5 mM sodium phosphates, pH 7.5)In, then 500 ml centrifuge tubes (every pipe 150 ~ 200 are placed on by subpackage Ml in), the sodium phosphate buffer of 10 mM per effective 150 ~ 200 ml(PH is 7.5)It is layered in top, centrifugation;
C, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L ion elution buffer(Containing 0.6 M sucrose, The buffer of 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)In, suspension is placed on 500 ml centrifugation bottom of the tube by subpackage(Often The ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(It is slow containing 0.25 M sucrose, 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates Liquid is rushed, pH is 7.5)Top is layered in, and centrifuge tube is centrifuged;
D, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in the M carbamide of 1L 9, and suspension is in agitator Upper room temperature concussion, then subpackage is placed on the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(The every ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), per effective 150 ~ 200 The sodium phosphate buffer of 10 mM of ml(pH 7.5)Top is layered in, centrifuge tube is centrifuged;
E, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L abrasive medias(Containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 mM The buffer of sodium phosphate, pH is 7.5)In, it is then placed within the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(The every ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), often manage With 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)Top is layered in, from The heart;
F, all centrifuge tube upper strata oils and fatss bodies are collected again, and be resuspended in 1L abrasive medias(Containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 The buffer of mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)In, it is then placed within the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(The every ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), often Effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)Top is layered in, from The heart.
(5)The oils and fatss body on all centrifuge tube upper stratas is collected, homogenization obtains oils and fatss body.
The present invention has the advantages that:
1st, oils and fatss body is extracted by medium of water, method is nontoxic, easy to operate, can obtain the higher Semen sojae atricolor of stable and purity Oils and fatss body, beneficial to the application in food.
2nd, the soybean oil body component that the present invention is extracted is as shown in table 1, soybean oil body storage under the conditions of 25 DEG C The change of middle phospholipid fraction is as shown in table 2.
The Semen sojae atricolor republicanism soybean oil body component of table 1
Fat(%) Protein(%) Moisture(%) Ash(%)
Semen sojae atricolor 20.9±0.29 37.55±0.06 6.07±0.05 4.97±0.08
Oils and fatss body 41.51±3.47 1.99±0.15 49.51±2.29 0.27±0.11
The change of the soybean oil body phospholipid fraction in storage under the conditions of 25 DEG C of table 2
0d 1d 7d 14d
Cephalin 0.59±0.05b 0.66±0.13ab 0.78±0.15a 0.61±0.02ab
Lecithin 1.35±0.11b 1.44±0.27ab 1.71±0.29a 1.25±0.04b
LYSO-PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE LYSOPC 0.05±0.00a 0.05±0.01a 0.04±0.01a 0.04±0.02a
3rd, the oils and fatss body that the present invention is extracted can also be dried or rehydration be added into any other food or animal and raise In material product, such as peanut butter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the change of oils and fatss body TBARS values under different storage time;
Fig. 2 is the change of oils and fatss body peroxide value under different storage time;
Fig. 3 is impact of the temperature to soybean oil body emulsibility and emulsion stability.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below, but is not limited thereto, it is every to the technology of the present invention Scheme is modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be covered in the present invention Protection domain in.
Specific embodiment one:Present embodiments provide for a kind of extraction side of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant Method, with soybean seed as raw material, is extracted using techniques such as immersion, grinding, filtration, centrifugation, homogenizing and is formed, and is comprised the following steps that:
(1)Immersion:80g soybean seed is soaked into 12 h with 450ml water before the use.
(2)Grinding:The seed of full grains after immersion is added in tissue mashing machine, 14000 rpm grindings 2 min.Abrasive media is buffer of the 1L containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, and pH is 7.5.
(3)Filter:Homogenate is filtered by three layers of garrha.
(4)Centrifugation:
A, collection filtrate carry out subpackage centrifugation, the bottom of 500 ml centrifuge tubes are placed in per 150 ~ 200 ml filtrates, per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)It is layered in upper strata, 10,000 G is centrifuged 20 min.
B, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L wash solutions(Containing 0.1% polysorbas20,0.2 The buffer of M sucrose and 5 mM sodium phosphates, pH 7.5)In, then subpackage is placed in 500 ml centrifuge tubes(Every pipe 150 ~ 200 ml), the sodium phosphate buffer of 10 mM per effective 150 ~ 200 ml(PH is 7.5)It is layered in top, centrifugation.
C, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L ion elution buffer(Containing 0.6 M sucrose, The buffer of 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5), suspension by subpackage be placed on 500 ml centrifugation bottom of the tube(Often manage 150~200 ml), per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffering containing 0.25 M sucrose, 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates Liquid, pH is 7.5)Top is layered in, and centrifuge tube is centrifuged.
D, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in the M carbamide of 1L 9, and suspension is in agitator Upper room temperature is shaken, 60 rpm, 10 min, and then subpackage is placed on the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(The every ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), The sodium phosphate buffer of 10 mM per effective 150 ~ 200 ml(pH 7.5)Top is layered in, centrifuge tube is centrifuged.
E, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L abrasive medias(Containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 mM The buffer of sodium phosphate, pH is 7.5)In, it is then placed within the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(The every ml of pipe 150 ~ 200), often manage With 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)Top is layered in, from The heart.
F, the oils and fatss body on all centrifuge tube upper stratas is collected again, and be resuspended in 1L abrasive medias(Containing 0.6 M sucrose and The buffer of 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)In, it is then placed within the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml(Every pipe 150 ~ 200 ml), per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums(Buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5)It is layered in Top, centrifugation.
(5)Homogenizing:Collect the oils and fatss body on all centrifuge tube upper stratas, the min of 10000 rpm homogenizing 8 ~ 10, you can obtain quality Finely dispersed oils and fatss body.
The oils and fatss body of fresh preparation is placed in 100 ml beakers, glass dish is covered, is preserved under room temperature.Respectively to storage 0th, the oils and fatss body sampling of 2,4,6,8 days carries out TBARS measure, to the storage oil of 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,21 days Fat body carries out determination of POV.Result is measured from Fig. 1, Fig. 2, oils and fatss body TBARS value changes scope is 2.13 ~ 3.07MDA ug/ml, peroxide value excursion is 3.23 ~ 3.75meq/kg, is illustrated with the change of storage time, oils and fatss body Middle lipid hydroperoxide and secondary oxidative product assay variation tendency are steady, and oils and fatss body has higher non-oxidizability.
The oils and fatss body of fresh preparation is carried out into treatment of different temperature, its emulsifying activity is determined(EAI)And emulsion stability (ESI).From the figure 3, it may be seen that after treatment of different temperature, oils and fatss body emulsifying activity(EAI)Excursion is 59.97 ~ 69.61m2/ G, emulsion stability(ESI)Excursion is 71.20 ~ 110.48%, and variation tendency is steady.Illustrate the condition that different temperatures changes Under, oils and fatss body has higher emulsion stability.
Specific embodiment two:Present embodiment is explained as follows to oils and fatss body application prepared by specific embodiment one:
1st, oils and fatss spray body is dried
Relatively enrich containing substantial amounts of higher unsaturated fatty acid, especially Oleic acid, linoleic content in soybean oil body. But unsaturated fatty acid is susceptible to oxidation in soybean oil body, and reduces its nutritive value, while can also generate Material, has undesirable effect to health.The micro encapsulation of soybean oil body can be effectively prevented from soybean oil body not The oxidation deterioration of satisfied fatty acid, extends the storage phase of soybean oil body.
Micro-encapsulation technology flow process:Soybean oil precursor emulsion+wall material → constant temperature stirring → homogenizing → emulsion → spray dried Dry → microcapsule finished product.
Weigh a certain amount of soybean protein isolate, maltodextrin(The proportioning of soybean protein isolate/maltodextrin is 1:1)It is molten In entering 60 DEG C of warm water, mixed solution temperature is kept to be 60 DEG C(Heating in water bath), stir 20 minutes.It is gently molten to mixing Soybean oil precursor emulsion is added in liquid(40% used as optimal core addition), continue to stir 10 minutes, under 30MPa Homogenizing is carried out, it is 180 DEG C to be spray-dried intake air temperature, and air outlet temperature is 75 DEG C, and flow velocity is 900mL/h, in this condition Under carry out spray drying treatment.
2nd, application of the oils and fatss body in peanut butter
Peanut butter is a kind of multiphase dispersion, and the content of wherein oils and fatss and solid content occupies very big ratio, and oils and fatss, Solid content and water three are immiscible, and the proportion between their threes is also different, thus sauce body be easy to occur oil, Water, the layering of beans three.And the effect of emulsifying agent is exactly the surface tension for reducing each liquid phase, make each mutual after dispersed Between repulsion reduce, reach the effect of stable emulsifying.Therefore add suitable emulsifying agent the stability of peanut butter is played it is very big Effect.
Oils and fatss body powder is a kind of good emulsifying agent, can both make w/o type, can also make O/W type emulsifying agents, is added to Semen arachidis hypogaeae After beans, the sauce body granular absorption emulsifier molecules can be made so that the granule for colliding is non-condensing, thus be formed around solid content Protecting film.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant, it is characterised in that methods described concrete steps are such as Under:
(1)Immersion:By 80.00 ± 1.00 g soybean seed h of 450 ~ 500 ml distilled water immersions 12 ~ 14;
(2)Grinding:The seed of full grains after immersion is added in tissue mashing machine and is ground, obtain homogenate, ground Grinding media is the buffer containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, and pH is 7.5;
(3)Filter:Homogenate is filtered;
(4)Separate:
A, collection filtrate carry out subpackage centrifugation, and per 150 ~ 200 ml filtrates the bottom of 500 ml centrifuge tubes is placed in, every effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums are layered in upper strata, and centrifuge tube is centrifuged, and flotation medium is containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates Buffer, pH is 7.5;
B, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L wash solutions, and wash solution is to tell containing 0.1% The buffer of warm 20,0.2 M sucrose and 5 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5;Then 500 ml are placed on per 150 ~ 200 ml suspensions In centrifuge tube, the sodium phosphate buffer of 10 mM per effective 150 ~ 200 ml is layered in top, centrifugation;
C, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L ion elution buffer, ion elution buffer It is the buffer containing 0.6 M sucrose, 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates, pH is 7.5;It is placed on per 150 ~ 200 ml suspensions 500 ml are centrifuged bottom of the tube, and top is layered in per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums, and centrifuge tube is centrifuged;
D, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in the M carbamide of 1L 9, suspension room on the oscillator Temperature concussion, is then placed on the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml per 150 ~ 200 ml suspensions, 10 per effective 150 ~ 200 ml The sodium phosphate buffer of mM is layered in top, and centrifuge tube is centrifuged;
E, the oils and fatss body for collecting all centrifuge tube upper stratas are simultaneously resuspended in 1L abrasive medias, are then suspended per 150 ~ 200 ml Liquid is placed on the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml, and top, centrifugation are layered in per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums;The flotation Medium is the buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, and pH is 7.5;
F, all centrifuge tube upper strata oils and fatss bodies are collected again, and be resuspended in 1L abrasive medias, then per 150 ~ 200 ml Suspension is placed on the bottom of the centrifuge tube of 500 ml, and top, centrifugation are layered in per effective 150 ~ 200 ml flotation mediums;It is described Flotation medium is the buffer containing 0.4 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates;
(5)The oils and fatss body on all centrifuge tube upper stratas is collected, homogenization obtains oils and fatss body.
2. the extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Step(2)In, grinding revolution is 12000 ~ 14000 rpm, and milling time is 2 ~ 3 min.
3. the extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described In step b and d, the pH of sodium phosphate buffer is 7.5.
4. the extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described In step c, flotation medium is the buffer containing 0.25 M sucrose, 2M NaCl and 10 mM sodium phosphates, and pH is 7.5.
5. the extracting method of the soybean oil body with high antioxidant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described In step e and f, abrasive media is the buffer containing 0.6 M sucrose and 10 mM sodium phosphates, and pH is 7.5.
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CN106690323A (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-05-24 东北农业大学 Method for preparing microcapsule by use of soybean grease
CN106833869B (en) * 2016-12-27 2019-11-29 中国农业大学 A kind of natural high emulsibility grease body powder and preparation method thereof
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CN107384582B (en) * 2017-09-06 2020-10-09 吉林农业大学 Method for extracting safflower oil body
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