CN104447806B - 一种氰基铜荧光配合物及其合成方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 cyano group copper complex Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RDMFHRSPDKWERA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5H-Pyrido[4,3-b]indole Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 RDMFHRSPDKWERA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 11
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012926 crystallographic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002447 crystallographic data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005220 pharmaceutical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F1/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- C07F1/08—Copper compounds
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Abstract
本发明属于功能分子材料领域,涉及一种具有荧光功能的氰基铜配合物及其合成方法。将Cu(NO3)2·6H2O、4,5‑二氮芴‑9‑酮和六氰合铁(III)酸钾混合物的水溶液于140℃的条件下反应72小时,制得分子式为C54H24Cu10N18O4的铜配合物,与现有铜配合物相比,本发明提供的铜配合物的荧光性能的stokes位移更长,且该合成方法,工艺简单、原料廉价、易于实施,适于大规模工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能分子材料领域,具体的涉及一种荧光配合物及其合成方法。
背景技术
荧光探针是能与荧光较弱或不发荧光的物质相结合,使其结合后能发出可测荧光的一种试剂,因其功用与探针类似,所以叫做荧光探针。荧光探针技术是在荧光探针上发展起来的一种分析方法,它能够在分子量级上研究物质,灵敏度很高,荧光探针技术的理论基础就是利用物质在光物理和光化学方面的所表现出来的某些特性。
目前荧光探针根据发色集团的性质可分为有机荧光探针和无机荧光探针,其中无机荧光探针是目前应用最为广泛的荧光探针,主要是由金属离子与有机配体结合生成的金属配合物。金属离子主要是指过渡金属离子和稀土金属离子,因为它们电子层排布较多,容易吸收电子。
相对于有机荧光探针,无机荧光探针具有的优势有:
①荧光寿命较长,非常适用于时间分辨荧光测量技术;
②由于是无机物,水溶性较好;
③发光谱带较窄,能量更为集中,稳定性更好;
④Stokes 位移较大。
基于以上优点,无机荧光探针在生物化学、药物分析和环境监测等领域的应用受到了越来越多的关注。
铜原子配合物是其中常见的一类,但目前大多数该配合物存在以下缺点:
①该类配合物中的铜大多是正二价,而二价铜原子的荧光较容易淬灭,使配合物丧失荧光性能;
②这些配合物的配体大多是螯合连接,这种配体只能连接一个铜原子,使得配合物的荧光性能较差;
③在使用氰根的配合物中采用的氰根的来源大多是易于分离的氰化物,这类配合物荧光性能相对较差,主要体现在其stokes位移较小。
发明内容
基于上述问题,本发明公开了一种新的铜原子配合物,本铜原子配合物具有合成简单,且stokes位移长的优点。
本发明公开的铜原子配合物分子式为C54H24Cu10N18O4,其元素分析理论值(%)为:C(40%);H(1.5%);Cu(39%);N(15.5%);O(4%)。实验值(%)为:C(38%);H(2.5%);Cu(40%);N(16.5);O(3%);荧光发射波长范围是(360~480)nm.
其晶体结构参数为:
该配合物通过溶剂热法合成,其合成方法为:取一定比例的二价铜金属盐放入高压反应釜中,然后加入4,5-二氮芴-9-酮和六氰合铁(III)酸钾在水溶液中以140度的条件下反应72小时,在烘箱里自然降温到室温,得到黄色块状晶体,最后收集,洗涤,真空干燥,即得产品。
其具体合成步骤如下:
①将Cu(NO3)2·6H2O放入反应容器中,然后加入4,5-二氮芴-9-酮和六氰合铁(III)酸钾(Cu(NO3)2·6H2O、4,5-二氮芴-9-酮和六氰合铁(III)酸钾的物质的量比为1:2~3mmol:1mmol),按试剂总物质的量与水体积比为1:2~3的比例加入去离子水,在温度为140℃的条件下反应72小时。
②将反应容器置于空气中自然降温到室温,得黄色块状晶体,收集晶体用无水甲醇洗涤,真空干燥后,即可得到目标产品C54H24Cu10N18O4。
上述反应物中,4,5-二氮芴-9-酮为一种具有桥联作用的配体,可同时连接两个铜原子;六氰合铁(III)酸钾很难分离出氰根,且能和二价铜(Cu(NO3)2·6H2O)发生氧化还原反应,从中生成氰根和正一价的铜,并最终形成荧光配合物,此方法得到的配合物产率为68~80%,产品纯度为90~97%;可应用于印刷、标记等领域。
本发明取得的有益效果如下:
①由于本发明选用了桥联配体4,5-二氮芴-9-酮,使得本发明所得配合物与现有铜原子配合物产品相比具有更多的铜原子数目。
②本发明选用六氰合铁(III)酸钾和Cu(NO3)2·6H2O,利用二者的氧化还原反应为本配合物的合成提供氰根和正一价铜,这种方法更为的简洁方便,绿色无毒。
③通过①和②的协同增强作用,使得本发明提供的配合物具有更好的stokes位移。
④本发明提供的合成方法,工艺简单、原料廉价、易于实施,适于大规模工业生产,且制备的荧光配合物,具有良好的潜在应用价值。
附图说明
图1 实施例1所得配合物的晶体结构图。
图2 实施例1所得配合物的荧光发射光谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例
1
取1毫摩尔Cu(NO3)2·6H2O,3毫摩尔4,5-二氮芴-9-酮,1毫摩尔铁氰化钾,10毫升水放入25毫升带聚四氟乙烯内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,140℃反应72小时后取出冷却至室温,得到黄色块状晶体,用甲醇洗涤,真空干燥后得到目标产物,所得配合物产率为78.4%,产品纯度为96.6%。
实施例
2
取2毫摩尔Cu(NO3)2·6H2O,6毫摩尔4,5-二氮芴-9-酮,2毫摩尔铁氰化钾,20毫升水放入50毫升带聚四氟乙烯内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,140℃反应72小时后取出冷却至室温,得到黄色块状晶体,用甲醇洗涤,真空干燥后得到目标产物,配合物产率为69.2%,产品纯度为90.4%。
对以上实施例使用如下仪器及方法对产物进行表征:
挑选尺寸为0.20×0.20×0.20 mm3的晶体用于单晶结构分析,单晶衍射数据在Bruker Smart 1000 CCD 衍射仪上收集,用石墨单色器单色化的Mokα射线(λ=0.71073 Å),1.75°≤θ≤27.96°。结果显示,两个实施例所得化合物的晶体结构一致,见图1所示;采用荧光发射光谱进行荧光的表征,两个实施例所得化合物的吸收峰和发射峰一致,分别为290nm和390nm,见图2所示。
Claims (4)
1.一种氰基铜荧光配合物,即一种铜原子配合物,其特征在于,其分子式为C54H24Cu10N18O4,其元素分析结果为C:38%;H:2.5%;Cu:40%;N:16.5;O:3%,其结构如下:
。
2.权利要求1所述的氰基铜荧光配合物的合成方法,为溶剂热法,其特征在于,其具体方法为:取一定比例的铜的硝酸盐放入高压反应釜中,然后加入4,5-二氮芴-9-酮和六氰合铁 (III)酸钾,一共三种试剂,在水溶液中在140度的条件下反应72小时,在烘箱里自然降温到室温,得到黄色块状晶体,最后收集,洗涤,真空干燥,即得产品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的氰基铜荧光配合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的铜的硝酸盐为Cu(NO3) 2·6H2O,Cu(NO3) 2·6H2O、4,5-二氮芴-9-酮和六氰合铁 (III)酸钾的物质的量比为1:2~3mmol:1mmol。
4.根据权利要求2所述的氰基铜荧光配合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的三种试剂总物质的量与水体积比为1:2~3。
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