CN104430323A - Controlled-release pesticide granules - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention utilizes natural or industrial and agricultural waste organic and inorganic materials and adhesives to prepare pesticide slow-release granules. The slow-release pesticide granules are spherical or ellipsoidal, and the sphere is divided into two layers, a core layer and a wrapping layer. The core layer is It is a mixture of organic matter, inorganic matter and pesticide active ingredients, and the coating layer is made of organic matter materials. The slow-release pesticide granule is an environment-friendly product and can be widely used in the prevention and control of agricultural diseases and insect pests.

Description

A slow-release pesticide granule

technical field

The invention relates to a slow-release pesticide granule and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, the slow-release pesticide granule is spherical or ellipsoidal, and the sphere is divided into two layers, a core layer and a wrapping layer, and the core layer is composed of organic matter, inorganic matter and pesticide A mixture of active ingredients, coated with organic materials. The preparation method of slow-release pesticide granules is as follows: firstly prepare an adsorption carrier mixed with organic matter and inorganic matter; then, adsorb the active ingredients of the pesticide on the carrier of the mixture, and bond the above-mentioned organic matter and inorganic matter materials into a core layer with an adhesive; finally, Wrapping the prepared core layer with an organic material to obtain a coating layer, that is, a slow-release pesticide granule.

Most of the organic and inorganic materials and binders used in the slow-release pesticide granules are natural substances or industrial and agricultural wastes, and the prepared pesticide slow-release granules are environmentally friendly products, which can be widely used in the prevention and control of agricultural diseases and insect pests .

Background technique

Slow-release pesticides refer to the continuous and stable release of pesticides according to the required dosage and specific time through processing methods according to the occurrence, characteristics and environmental conditions of pests and diseases, so as to achieve the purpose of economical, safe and effective control of pests and diseases. Slow-release pesticide granules refer to the adsorption of the original pesticide on the porous organic and inorganic carriers, and wrap it with an adhesive. Strength, granules capable of controlling the rate of release of pesticides. The pesticide active ingredients in the granules can be slowly released through dissolution, penetration and diffusion, and the release rate can be controlled by adjusting the amount, type and particle size of the binder. Slow-release pesticides have the following advantages: (1) The release dose and time of slow-release pesticides can be controlled, and the functionality of the drug is improved; (2) Slow-release pesticides are wrapped in adhesives, and the rate of degradation and loss of pesticides in the environment is greatly reduced. , which can effectively prolong the duration of the drug and reduce the use of pesticides; (3) slow-release pesticides can be released under control, making highly toxic pesticides less toxic, and avoiding or reducing the pollution of highly toxic pesticides to the environment.

At present, the slow-release pesticide granules used in agriculture contain a large amount of chemical additives. If they are used in farmland for a long time, they will cause certain risks to the safety of agricultural products. This invention aims at this problem. Most of the materials are natural materials or industrial and agricultural wastes. The slow-release pesticide granules are environmentally friendly products.

Contents of the invention

The slow-release pesticide granule of the present invention is characterized in that it is spherical or ellipsoidal. The sphere is divided into two layers, a core layer and a wrapping layer, the core layer is a mixture of inorganic matter, organic matter and pesticide active ingredients, and the wrapping layer is an organic matter material. Sphere diameter: the diameter of the core layer is 1-20mm, and the thickness of the wrapping layer is 0.5-5mm.

Organic matter includes: one or more of plant stalks, poultry manure, wood chips, sawdust, tobacco waste, Chinese herbal medicine waste, distiller's grains, and bagasse.

Inorganic substances include: one or more of fly ash, zeolite, clay brick powder, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, clay, biochar, opal, limestone, and dolomite.

Adhesives include: one or more of sodium alginate, starch, gum arabic, urea-formaldehyde glue, epoxy glue, hide glue, and bone glue.

Pesticide active ingredients include: one or more of insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, nematicides, herbicides or plant growth regulators.

The preparation method of the slow-release pesticide granule of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Prepare the adsorption carrier, dry the inorganic and organic raw materials separately, pulverize and mix them evenly as the adsorption carrier;

(2) The active ingredient of the pesticide is adsorbed on the carrier, and the active ingredient of the pesticide is prepared as a solution and sprayed on the adsorption carrier, fully stirred evenly, and dried for later use;

(3) Prepare the core layer, melt the adhesive into a liquid state, spray it on the carrier containing the pesticide active ingredient prepared in step (2), prepare the core layer into 1-20mm diameter particles on the granulator, and dry it for later use ;

(4) Prepare the wrapping layer, melt the adhesive into a liquid state, spray it on the core layer described in step (3) in the form of spray, wrap the organic material, the thickness of the organic material is 0.5-5mm, and dry to obtain the pesticide sustained-release granule;

The ratio of organic matter and inorganic matter in the core layer of the slow-release pesticide granule of the present invention, organic matter/inorganic matter is from 10/1 to 1/10, preferably 5/1 to 1/5, and more preferably 2/1 to 1/10. 2.

The present invention takes the mixture of organic matter and inorganic matter as the core, and the inorganic matter material has many pores and a large amount of adsorptive drug, but its water resistance is poor. The effect of pesticide adsorption and release, the core layer is covered with a layer of organic material, which further ensures the slow release of pesticide active ingredients in the soil and achieves the result of prolonging the drug effect.

Tests of the present invention prove that the slow-release granule can effectively prolong the release period of the pesticide, reduce the release amount per unit time, and achieve the effect of slow-release pesticide active substances.

The raw material of the invention is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the preparation method of the slow-release granule is simple, and it is suitable for popularization and use in a large area.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Structure of spherical sustained-release pesticide granules.

Fig. 2 Structure of ellipsoidal sustained-release pesticide granules.

Figure 3 The release rate curve of imidacloprid sustained-release granules.

Detailed ways

Example 1: Preparation of benzstrobin sustained-release granules

Sawdust/fly ash (ratio 1/1) 1Kg

Sawdust 200g

Benzostrobin (12.5% difenoconazole, 20% azoxystrobin) EC 100mL

Starch 200g

Water 1Kg

(1) Take 500g of sawdust and fly ash each, remove impurities, dry at 60°C, grind through a 50-mesh sieve, and then mix the two substances evenly;

(2) Spray azoxystrobin benzstrobin (12.5% difenoconazole, 20% azoxystrobin) EC on the sawdust and fly ash in the form of spray, mix thoroughly, and dry at 60°C for later use;

(3) Add 200g of starch to 1kg of water and gelatinize at 80°C for 1 hour;

(4) Spray the gelatinized starch solution on the sawdust and fly ash described in step (2) on the granulator to prepare a spherical core layer of 1-20mm, and dry it at 60°C for later use;

(5) Continue to spray the gelatinized starch solution on the dried core layer on the granulator, add 200g of sawdust powder to prepare the coating layer, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.5-5mm, and dry at 60°C;

⑹ Obtaining azoxystrobin benzstrobin sustained-release granules.

Embodiment 2: Preparation of imidacloprid sustained-release granules

Rice straw powder/clay brick powder (ratio 1/2) 0.9Kg

Rice Straw Powder 200g

Imidacloprid (60% active ingredient) emulsifiable concentrate 100mL

Gum Arabic 200g

Water 1Kg

(1) Remove impurities from rice straw and clay brick powder, dry at 60°C, grind through a 50-mesh sieve, then take 300g of rice straw powder and 600g of clay brick powder and mix evenly;

(2) Spray imidacloprid (60% active ingredient) emulsifiable concentrate on the rice straw powder and clay brick powder described in step (1) in the form of spray, mix thoroughly, and dry at 60°C for later use;

(3) Add 200g gum arabic to 1kg water and heat at 80°C for 1 hour;

(4) Spray the gum arabic solution on the rice straw powder and clay brick powder described in step (2) on the granulator to prepare a spherical core layer of 1-20mm, and dry it at 60°C for later use;

(5) Continue to spray the gum arabic solution on the dried core layer on the granulator, add 200g of rice straw powder to prepare the coating layer, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.5-5mm, and dry at 60°C;

⑹ Obtain imidacloprid sustained-release granules.

Embodiment 3: Preparation of thiosulfon acetochlor sustained-release granules

Distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/bentonite (ratio 1/1/3) 1.0Kg

Rice Straw Powder 200g

Thisulfuron-Acetochlor (0.3% Thisulfuron-methyl, 49.7% Acetochlor) EC 300mL

Gum Arabic/sodium alginate (ratio 1/1) 200g

Water 1Kg

(1) Remove impurities from rice straw, distiller's grains, Chinese herbal medicine leftovers, and bentonite, dry them at 60°C, grind them through a 50-mesh sieve, and then take 200g of distiller's grains, 200g of Chinese herbal medicine leftovers, and 600g of bentonite and mix them evenly;

(2) Spray thiasulfuron-acetochlor (0.3% thiasulfuron-methyl, 49.7% acetochlor) emulsifiable concentrate on the distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/bentonite mixture described in step (1) in the form of spray, mix well, and dry at 60°C for later use;

(3) Add 200g of gum arabic/sodium alginate (ratio 1/1) into 1kg of water and heat at 80°C for 1 hour;

(4) Spray the gum arabic/sodium alginate solution on the distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/bentonite mixture described in step 2) on the granulator to prepare a spherical core layer of 1-20mm, and dry it at 60°C for later use;

⑸ Continue to spray the gum arabic/sodium alginate solution on the dried core layer on the granulator, add 200g of rice straw powder to prepare the coating layer, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.5-5mm, and dry at 60°C;

⑹ Obtain thiosulfon·acetochlor sustained-release granules.

Embodiment 4: Preparation of Abamectin sustained-release granules

Sawdust/distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/clay brick powder (ratio 1/1/1/2) 1.0Kg

Sawdust 200g

Abamectin (5% active ingredient) EC 100mL

Starch 200g

Water 1Kg

(1) Remove impurities from sawdust, distiller's grains, leftovers of Chinese herbal medicine, and clay brick powder, dry at 60°C, grind through a 50-mesh sieve, then take 200g of sawdust, 200g of distiller's grains, 200g of leftovers of Chinese herbal medicine, and 400g of clay brick powder and mix them evenly;

(2) Spray Abamectin (5% active ingredient) emulsifiable concentrate on the sawdust/distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/clay brick powder mixture described in step (1) in the form of spray, mix well, and dry at 60°C for later use;

(3) Add 200g of starch to 1kg of water, heat and gelatinize at 80°C for 1 hour;

(4) Spray the gelatinized starch solution on the granulator on the sawdust/distiller's grains/Chinese herbal medicine leftovers/clay brick powder mixture described in step (2), prepare a spherical core layer of 1-20mm, and dry it at 60°C for later use;

(5) Continue to spray the gelatinized starch solution on the dried core layer described in step (4) on the granulator, add 200g of rice straw powder, and prepare a coating layer, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.5-5mm, and dry at 60°C;

(6) Abamectin sustained-release granules were obtained.

Example 5: Carbofuran Sustained-release Granules

Tobacco waste/limestone powder (ratio 1/4) 1.0Kg

Tobacco scraps 200g

Carbofuran Carbofuran (20% active ingredient) EC 100mL

Gum Arabic 200g

Water 1Kg

(1) Remove impurities from tobacco waste and limestone powder, dry at 60°C, grind through a 50-mesh sieve, then take 200g of tobacco waste and 800g of limestone powder and mix evenly;

(2) Spray butylthiocarbafuran (20% active ingredient) emulsifiable concentrate on the tobacco waste/limestone powder mixture described in step (1) in the form of spray, mix well, and dry at 60°C for later use;

(3) Add 200g of gum arabic to 1kg of water, heat and dissolve at 80°C for 1 hour;

(4) Spray the gum arabic solution on the tobacco waste/limestone powder mixture described in step (2) on the granulator to prepare a spherical core layer of 1-20mm, and dry it at 60°C for subsequent use;

(5) Continue to spray gelatinized gum arabic solution on the dried core layer described in step (4) on the granulator, add 200g of tobacco waste powder, and prepare a wrapping layer with a thickness of 0.5-5mm, and dry at 60°C;

⑹ Obtain butylsulfone · carbofuran sustained-release granules.

Example 6: Sustained-release pesticide granule leaching test

Take the prepared 10g of imidacloprid sustained-release granules and put them into a flowerpot filled with soil. After embedding the granules with soil, the soil is continuously washed with running water. The water flow rate is controlled at 20mL/min. The eluate was collected once at a time, and the content of imidacloprid in the eluate was determined. Diluted with 0.1mL imidacloprid emulsifiable concentrate, sprayed directly on the soil, and carried out a leaching test after embedding as a control group. The water flow rate was also controlled at 20mL/min, and the eluate was collected at regular intervals to measure the concentration of imidacloprid in the eluate. content. The release rate of imidacloprid is shown in Table 1, and the release rate curve is shown in Figure 3.

Table 1

Claims (6)

1. A slow-release pesticide granule, characterized in that: the slow-release pesticide granule is spherical or ellipsoidal, and the spheroid (the above sphere and ellipsoid are different concepts) includes two layers: a core layer and a cladding layer, and the core layer is an inorganic substance , a mixture of organic matter and pesticide active ingredients, and the coating layer is made of organic matter materials. 2. The slow-release pesticide granule according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps ⑴Dry, pulverize and mix the inorganic and organic raw materials separately as the adsorption carrier; (2) adsorbing the pesticide active ingredient on the adsorption carrier described in step (1); (3) the carrier of the adsorption of the pesticide active ingredient described in step (2) is made into spherical particles with an adhesive, and dried for subsequent use as the core layer; (4) Wrap the core layer described in step (3) with a layer of organic material with an adhesive to obtain a wrapping layer, and dry to obtain slow-release pesticide granules. 3. The slow-release pesticide granule according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic raw material is one of plant straw, poultry manure, sawdust, sawdust, tobacco leftovers, Chinese herbal medicine leftovers, distiller's grains, and bagasse. species or two or more. 4. The slow-release pesticide granule according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic raw material is fly ash, zeolite, clay brick powder, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, clay, biochar, opal, limestone , Dolomite one or more. 5. The slow-release pesticide granule according to claim 1, characterized in that: the active ingredients of the pesticide are insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, nematocides, herbicides or plant growth regulators One or two or more. 6. The preparation method of slow-release pesticide granules according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adhesive is a kind of sodium alginate, starch, gum arabic, urea-formaldehyde glue, epoxy glue, skin glue, bone glue Or several.