CN104429933A - Method for screening semi-wild cotton material with high salt and alkali resistance - Google Patents
Method for screening semi-wild cotton material with high salt and alkali resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429933A CN104429933A CN201410491789.5A CN201410491789A CN104429933A CN 104429933 A CN104429933 A CN 104429933A CN 201410491789 A CN201410491789 A CN 201410491789A CN 104429933 A CN104429933 A CN 104429933A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for screening a semi-wild cotton material with high salt and alkali resistance. The method comprises the following steps: (1) identifying sand culture salt resistance on semi-wild cotton natural population during a seedling stage in a greenhouse by adopting 0.4% NaCl, preliminarily screening the semi-wild cotton material with relatively high resistance; (2) performing moderate seedling area identifying in Xinjiang and screening on the selected (NaCl) material with high resistance or salt resistance, and transplanting the plants survived under high salt and alkaline selective pressure to Hainan to perform self-crossing, and separately harvesting and rolling the individual plant; planting and self-crossing the individual plant to form a high-resistance plant system; and (3) entering a process of Xinjiang saline-alkali soil identifying, high-pressure selecting, transplanting high-resistance plants to Hainan, and forming the high-resistance plant system, repeating the process by three times, and finally screening the stable and reliable material with high salt and alkali resistance from the semi-wild cotton natural population.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant stress-resistance physiology, be specifically related to a kind of method of screening the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of high resistance.
Background technology
Semi-wild cotton (semiwild cotton) is also known as the geographical germline (race) of upland cotton, originate in Mexico highland and the Caribbean in Central America, without domestication, there is abundant variation type, contain the excellent genes not available for many conventional land cotton varieties, particularly adversity gene, as anti-saline and alkaline.
In Salt-resistant of Cotton qualification, but mostly usually only consider single salt stress (NaCl), adopt NaCl coerce lower sand training, water planting or execute salt stress seedling stage, occur that the high capability of anti-salt material filtered out can not be applied to the problem of practice sometimes.Often occur because the situation of reality is soil salinize and alkalize, it is one of the subject matter that salination exists that saline and alkaline mixing is coerced simultaneously, and just single salt poison.As the Xinjiang of China, have the title in saline-alkali soil museum of the world, saline-alkali soil has that area is large, type is many, salification is heavy, the feature of polyion composition.Namely the present invention is the saline-alkali environment for Xinjiang complexity, and the method adopting greenhouse list salt qualification repeatedly to select to combine with the border high salinity pressure that grows directly from seeds, identifies the semi-wild cotton material that China preserves, screen.The saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of the high resistance filtered out in this way, resistance, reliable, can only not stand single salt stress (NaCl), more can adapt to actual adverse circumstance (as polyion murder by poisoning, alkaline stress) complicated and changeable, thus more put into practice value and meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to explore one stable, reliable, more can be applied to the screening technique of the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton of high resistance of practice very well, to make up the deficiency of conventional Salt-resistant of Cotton evaluation and screening method.
The screening technique of the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton of high resistance according to the present invention, comprises following committed step:
(1) employing mass fraction is the cotton natural population of Nacl Stress treatment semi-wild of 0.4%, carries out Seedling Salt-tolerance qualification, semi-wild cotton material more than Preliminary screening resistance in greenhouse;
(2) select upper soll layer total salt content 1.2% ~ 1.5%, the secondary salinization of land of pH value 7.5 ~ 8.5, border of growing directly from seeds, saline land is carried out to the semi-wild cotton material of Preliminary screening after Nacl Stress treatment and sieves again;
(3) according to the cotton situation of emerging in saline land of semi-wild, take certain mode to be transplanted to Hainan the plant survived under the material of Relative seedling ratio >=75% and high salinity selection pressure, the florescence carries out selfing, and individual plant divides receipts, divides and roll; Plant division plantation again, selfing, forms high resistance strain.
(4) saline and alkaline for the high resistance filtered out in saline land strain is inserted " Saline Ground in Xinjiang qualification-high pressure selection-high resistance plant moves to Hainan-high resistance strain " program, circulate 3 times, finally from the cotton natural population of semi-wild, screen reliable and stable high capability of anti-salt base material.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, sand culture list salt (NaCl) qualification, can comparatively rapidly from large batch of semi-wild cotton material Preliminary Identification filter out anti-salt material.
2, the border high salinity pressure that grows directly from seeds repeatedly is selected, and both compensate for the deficiency of field salt content skewness caused qualification error, and the situation that greenhouse list salt qualification result can be avoided again can not to be applied to field complex environment very well occurs.
3, sand culture qualification and secondary salinization of land repeatedly again sieve combine, the high resistance filtered out saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material resistance, reliable, monoenergetic does not stand single salt stress (as NaCl), more can adapt to actual adverse circumstance (as polyion murder by poisoning, alkaline stress) complicated and changeable, thus more have actual value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the secondary saline and alkaline screening test effect in Kuerle, Xinjiang in 2013, and 1: local main breed; 2: the cotton sharp spot cotton 25 of semi-wild; 3: local main breed.
Fig. 2 shows the secondary saline and alkaline screening test effect in Kuerle, Xinjiang in 2013, and 1: local main breed (not emerging); 2: the cotton 96B of semi-wild cotton material broad-leaved; 3: semi-wild cotton material broad-leaved cotton 120; 4: local main breed (not emerging).
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 water planting is combined with saline land screens the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton of high resistance
1, experiment material
From 194 parts of semi-wild cotton materials (table 1) of 7 Gossypium hirsutum L. Races, originate in Mexico, within 2007, drawn from American National Cotton Germplasms storehouse by the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science and Technologys Cotton Research Institute, be now stored in Sanya, Hainan country wild cotton field gene bank.
Table 1 test material and source thereof
2, experimental technique
The Preliminary Identification screening of 2.1Nacl Stress treatment greenhouse
(1) quality of dry fine sand crossed by NaCl salt and high-temperature sterilization match well concentration be respectively 0% (contrast), 0.4% salt sandy soil, the running water adding sterilizing reaches 23% to water content, fully mix thoroughly, be contained in 19cm × 14cm × 12cm germination box, sanding thickness (30 ~ 40) mm, evenly sows test seed (through sulfuric acid lint and selected), then covers with 5 ~ 10mm damp sand, add a cover moisturizing, put in 28 DEG C of incubators and cultivate.3 repetitions are established in test, often repeat 50 seeds.
(2) 10d " Invest, Then Investigate " emergence rate and Relative seedling ratio is sowed.
Emergence rate=number/Seeding Quantity × 100% of emerging
Relative seedling ratio=salt solution emergence rate/contrast emergence rate × 100%
(3) salt tolerant grade scale is as follows:
High resistance: Relative seedling ratio >=90.00%; Anti-: Relative seedling ratio 75.00 ~ 89.99%; Resistance to: Relative seedling ratio 50.00 ~ 74.99%; Not resistance to: Relative seedling ratio 0.00 – 49.99%.
(4) according to above-mentioned standard, filter out 14 parts of high capability of anti-salt semi-wild cotton materials such as broad-leaved cotton 32, broad-leaved cotton 33,36 parts of anti-salt materials such as Ma Lijia Lang Te cotton 85, broad-leaved cotton 120, next step saline land standby is sieved again.
2.2 secondary salinization of land repeatedly repeat screening
(1) select upper soll layer (0 ~ 20cm) total salt content to be 1.2% ~ 1.5% in Kuerle, Xinjiang, the saline land of pH value 7.5 ~ 8.5, prepare that border of growing directly from seeds, saline land is carried out to the semi-wild cotton material of Preliminary screening after Nacl Stress treatment and sieve again.
(2) work as landlord by Kuerle, Xinjiang cultivation mode and processing mode in the sowing of selected saline land mid-April and plant cotton variety, comprise and broadcast front overlay film, drip irrigation and seed treatment.
(3) after local main breed is emerged, select to emerge a slice cotton field that is relatively uniform, emergence rate 20 ~ 30%, anti-saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material through 0.4%Nacl Preliminary screening intermembranously to be sowed successively in two of local main breed, the long 1.5m of row (often row 15 cave, cave distance 10cm, the program request of 2, every cave), line-spacing 25cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, 5-10 repetition is established in test, often repeats 30 seeds.Broadcast front seed through persulfuric acid lint and through germination rate measure, the germination rate recorded is as blank.The situation of emerging of local main breed can as the visual reference of current area salt alkali content height.
(4) carrying out first time when semi-wild cotton seed leaf is open and flat emerges number investigation, though emerge because the seedling that salt damage is lethal is not counted in number of emerging, but should count number of emerging because of the seedling that insect pest is lethal.Later 1w investigates once, until 4 leaf periods.Local recommended variety sowing can not be carried out drip irrigation to the cotton investigating period of semi-wild or water water treatment.
(5) be as the criterion with the number of emerging investigated for the last time, calculate Relative seedling ratio.
Emergence rate=number/Seeding Quantity × 100% of emerging
Relative seedling ratio=saline land emergence rate/contrast germination rate × 100%
(6) according to the cotton situation of emerging in saline land of semi-wild, select Relative seedling ratio high, sporadicly to emerge and several sampling point soil samplings of not emerging, measure soil salt content and pH value respectively.
(7) according to 8 soil salt measurement results and situation of emerging, take certain mode to be transplanted to Hainan the plant survived under the material of Relative seedling ratio >=75% and high salinity selection pressure, the florescence carries out selfing, and individual plant divides receipts, divides and roll; Plant division plantation again, selfing, forms high resistance strain.
(8) high resistance saline and alkaline strain to repeat step poly-(1)-(7) in 2.2 next year, enters the program of " Saline Ground in Xinjiang qualification-high pressure selections-high resistance plant moves to Hainan-high resistance strain ", so circulates 3 years.
(9) repeatedly sieve again through secondary salinization of land, finally from the cotton natural population of semi-wild, screen the cotton 96B of reliable and stable high capability of anti-salt base material broad-leaved, broad-leaved cotton 32, Ma Lijia Lang Te cotton 85 and broad-leaved cotton 120.
Claims (4)
1. screen a method for the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of high resistance, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) employing mass fraction is the cotton natural population of Nacl Stress treatment semi-wild of 0.4%, carries out Seedling Salt-tolerance qualification, semi-wild cotton material more than Preliminary screening resistance in greenhouse;
(2) select upper soll layer total salt content 1.2% ~ 1.5%, the secondary salinization of land of pH value 7.5 ~ 8.5, border of growing directly from seeds, saline land is carried out to semi-wild cotton material more than Preliminary screening resistance after Nacl Stress treatment and sieves again;
(3) according to the cotton situation of emerging in saline land of semi-wild, the plant survived under the material of Relative seedling ratio >=75% and high salinity selection pressure is transplanted to Hainan, and the florescence carries out selfing, individual plant divides receipts, divides and roll, plant division plantation again, selfing, forms high resistance strain;
(4) the saline and alkaline strain of high resistance filtered out in saline land is repeated step (2) and (3), circulate 3 times, finally from the cotton natural population of semi-wild, screen reliable and stable high capability of anti-salt base material.
2. the method for the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of screening high resistance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), when saline land is grown directly from seeds after the main breed in border emerges, select to emerge a slice cotton field that is relatively uniform, emergence rate 20 ~ 30%, the anti-saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material through 0.4%Nacl Preliminary screening intermembranously to be sowed successively in two of local main breed.
3. the method for the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of screening high resistance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), carry out when semi-wild cotton seed leaf is open and flat first time emerge number investigation, be not counted in though emerge but because of the seedling that salt damage is lethal number of emerging, the seedling lethal because of insect pest should count number of emerging, and later 1w investigation once, until 4 leaf periods, local recommended variety sowing can not be carried out drip irrigation to the cotton investigating period of semi-wild or water water treatment.
4. the method for the saline and alkaline semi-wild cotton material of screening high resistance according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is as the criterion, calculates Relative seedling ratio with the number of emerging investigated for the last time,
Emergence rate=number/Seeding Quantity × 100% of emerging
Relative seedling ratio=saline land emergence rate/contrast germination rate × 100%
Wherein, according to the cotton situation of emerging in saline land of semi-wild, select Relative seedling ratio high, sporadicly to emerge and several sampling point soil samplings of not emerging, measure soil salt content and pH value respectively, according to soil salt measurement result and situation of emerging, the plant survived under the material of Relative seedling ratio >=75% and high salinity selection pressure is transplanted to Hainan.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069696A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Semi-wild is cotton to water planting Resistance Identification method in secondary saline and alkaline seedling stage |
| CN106069243A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Semi-wild cotton germination period is combined saline and alkaline Resistance Identification method |
| CN106105727A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-11-16 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | The authentication method of semi-wild cotton germination period sodium salt resistance |
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| SU1750494A1 (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1992-07-30 | Институт Экспериментальной Биологии Растений Научно-Производственного Объединения "Биолог" Ан Узсср | Method for evaluation of cotton resistance to soil salinization |
| WO2003079765A2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-02 | J.R. Simplot Company | Refined plant transformation |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| SU1750494A1 (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1992-07-30 | Институт Экспериментальной Биологии Растений Научно-Производственного Объединения "Биолог" Ан Узсср | Method for evaluation of cotton resistance to soil salinization |
| WO2003079765A2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-02 | J.R. Simplot Company | Refined plant transformation |
| CN101117638A (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-02-06 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for improving stress resistance of plants |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069243A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Semi-wild cotton germination period is combined saline and alkaline Resistance Identification method |
| CN106069243B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-05-17 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | The compound saline and alkaline Resistance Identification method of semi-wild cotton germination period |
| CN106069696A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Semi-wild is cotton to water planting Resistance Identification method in secondary saline and alkaline seedling stage |
| CN106069696B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-05-17 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Semi-wild cotton is to secondary saline and alkaline seedling stage water planting Resistance Identification method |
| CN106105727A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-11-16 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | The authentication method of semi-wild cotton germination period sodium salt resistance |
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