CN104413255A - Production method of straw biochemical feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a production method of a straw biochemical feed, namely, straw is processed through modern physical, chemical and biological technologies so that lignin and cellulose, which are not liable to digest and absorb by poultry and live stocks, are decomposed into saccharides, lipids and lactic acid. Crop straw is converted into sour, delicious, sweet, salty and crispy feeds which are popular with the poultry and live stocks, thereby effectively solving a problem of fully utilization of the straw as the feeds. A technical scheme for solving the problem comprises following steps: crushing or pulping the straws, treating the straws through acids, alkalis, ammonia and expansive steaming and boiling, and then pre-mixing the treated components, and then adding fermentation bacteria for performing fermentation to obtain the feed. The production method is simple, is wide in application scope, can be used not only with straw but also with leaves, weeds and the like, is abundant in raw materials and is good in feed quality. The straw biochemical feed is popular in the poultry and live stocks. By means of popularization of the feed, a promising approach of the utilization of the straw is developed, which makes a creative contribution to poultry and live stocks feeding industry.

Description

A kind of stalk biochemical fodder production method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural crop straw that utilizes to produce the stalk biochemical fodder production method of domestic animal fowl feed.

Background technology

In the world, how agricultural crop straw is applied is the major issue that agricultural producer is concerned about.Particularly China is as a large agricultural country, and every year while production ton-grain more than 400,000,000 food, also create the stalk resource of more than 500,000,000 ton, abundant stalk resource is the huge treasure-house that the mankind not yet fully develop.But stalk process one is at present that also fertilizer is made in field, and two is make feed.Stalk, as cornstalk, straw etc. always labourer be well-known as the feed kept fowls, but traditional forage feed mode, just cut up with a hay cutter (cutting) short, eating of this extensive style be that utilization rate or feeding effect are all very low, and waste is serious.Along with the development of science and technology, agricultural crop straw is turned waste into wealth and is achieved certain effect, and State Scientific and Technological Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture just issued the documents as far back as nineteen ninety-five, and includes the large research emphases tackling key problem in the whole nation ten in 10 years from now on and promotion project in, and includes State Torch Program in.Therefore how effective exploitation utilizes stalk to be the problem that people are concerned about.

Summary of the invention

For above-mentioned situation, the object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of stalk biochemical fodder production method, namely modern physics is used, chemistry, biotechnology processes stalk, by lignin non-digestible for livestock and poultry, cellulose becomes carbohydrate through decomposing, lipid and lactic acid, crop material is made to become the acid of livestock and poultry eating through scientific formula, fragrant, sweet, salty and crisp feed, what effectively can solve that stalk makes feed makes full use of problem, its technical scheme solved is, by crushed stalk or making beating, carry out acid again, alkali, ammonia treatment and expanded boiling, afterwards the component handled well is carried out premix, add zymophyte again and carry out fermentation for finished product, production method of the present invention is simple, wide application, both can be used for stalk, can be used for leaf again, weeds etc., abundant raw materials, biochemical feed quality is good, livestock and poultry eating is used, it is applied, open the bright outlook of straw utilization, for livestock and poultry breeding industry makes creative contribution.

Detailed description of the invention

Agricultural crop straw can select cornstalk according to the needs of feeding different livestock and poultry, straw, peanut seedling, sweet potato vine etc., there are dry blue or green wet two kinds, dry breaks into powder, what green grass or young crops was wet breaks into slurry, through pulverizing beater, powder of straw is broken into 2cm-0.001cm (more broken better), the ammonia of the acid of 0.3-0.5% or the alkali of 0.3-6% or 3-5% that the stalk after pulverizing adds stalk weight again carries out chemical treatment, expanded boiling is carried out again in expanded boiling vessel, temperature 50 C-260 DEG C, pressure is expanded boiling 20-60 minutes under 1-20 atmospheric pressure, then premix is carried out, premix is by by weight percentage: the stalk 65-75% after expanded boiling, wheat bran 5-7%, corn flour 5-7%, soya-bean cake 10-16%, fish meal 0.5-5% and salt (NaCl) 0.5-1% and grain enzyme and water are uniformly mixed in agitator, the addition of water by weight for raw material after mixing and water with 100: 35-80 ratio add, namely the water of 35kg to 80kg is added in 100kg raw material, grain enzyme is formed with 1: 1 proportions by lactic acid bacteria and wood fibre decomposer, its addition is the 0.1-1% of raw material weight, 5 DEG C-40 DEG C are cooled to after whole premixed honest material, at same and outside air, moisture content remains isolated lower anaerobic fermentation 72-720 hour, (Kg and 1000g is 1 kilogram can to become stalk biochemical fodder after quality inspection is qualified, as follows).

To feed ox, the heavy livestocks such as horse are example, the production method of its biochemical feed is by weight: get maize straw or Wheat Straw 75%, wheat bran 6%, corn flour 6%, soya-bean cake 12%, fish meal 0.5% and salt 0.5% add water to 56% of raw-material weight and make through chemical treatment and fermentation, concrete grammar the corn stalk powder of 75kg is broken to 1cm length, add 300 grams, formic acid and carry out chemical treatment, put afterwards and carry out expanded boiling to autoclave, at 100 DEG C, pressure is expanded boiling 45 minutes under 4 atmospheric pressure, the broken stalk of 75kg maize straw after expanded boiling adds wheat bran 6kg, corn flour 6kg, soya-bean cake 12kg, fish meal 0.5kg and salt 0.5kg and water 56kg and grain enzyme 0.1Kg, mix with premixing machine, be cooled to 20 DEG C, 20 DEG C of bottom fermentations 360 hours in fermentation vat, ox can be fed after passed examination, sheep, horse etc.

To feed the poultry such as chicken, the production method of its biochemical feed is by weight, get peanut seedling stalk 65%, wheat bran 7%, corn flour 7%, soya-bean cake 15%, fish meal 5% and salt 1% add water as 50% of raw material weight is made through chemical treatment and fermentation, concrete production method is, it is that below 50 orders become powder that the peanut seedling stalk of 65kg is crushed to granularity by pulverizer, add NaOH 2.5kg and carry out chemical treatment, put into autoclave afterwards, warp is at 10 atmospheric pressure, at 200 DEG C, expanded boiling is after 60 minutes, again with premixing machine with wheat bran 7kg, corn flour 7kg, soya-bean cake kg, fish meal 5kg and salt 1kg adds water 50kg and grain enzyme 0.5Kg, after premix is even, be cooled to 30 DEG C, load in fermentation tank, anaerobic fermentation 360 at 30 DEG C, hour through after the assay was approved.

To feed pig, its biochemical feed production method is by weight, get potato seedling 70%, wheat bran 6%, corn flour 7%, soya-bean cake 14%, 80% premix that fish meal 2% and salt 1% add water to raw material evenly adds grain enzyme 1% fermentation again and makes, specifically: meal dry sweet potato seedling 70kg being crushed to 0.01cm through pulverizer, add liquefied ammonia 2.5kg and carry out chemical treatment, 5 atmospheric pressure in autoclave afterwards, expanded boiling 45 minutes at 150 DEG C, again with premixing machine with wheat bran 6kg, corn flour 7kg, soya-bean cake 14kg, add water after fish meal 2kg and salt 1kg mixes 80kg, grain enzyme 0.6Kg, put into fermentation vat, be cooled to 25 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 480 hours (namely 20 days) at 25 DEG C, through becoming after the assay was approved.The present invention also can be used for fresh green grass or young crops wet stalk or soak after wet stalk, break into slurry by stalk, its method is the same, no longer repeats.

It is to be noted in the present invention and want mildew-resistant to stalk, go rotten as the system of manually shining is anti-rotten, deposit high drying place, as made slurry, will pull an oar to blue or green stalk, after boiling is expanded, crude fibre can reduce by 25.8%, lignin degradation 4.8%; Acid, alkali, ammonia chemical treatment one to change the coarse-fibred structure of stalk, is easy to assimilate, and two is the content increasing nonprotein nitrogen, produces a large amount of bacterium proteins, increases substantially straw feed and be worth; The feed of the livestock and poultry eating with sour fragrance is become after can making stalk releasing nutrients with fermentable.

The stalk biochemical fodder that the present invention produces meets Feed Manufacturing standard completely, and feeding quality improves greatly, the feed produced through the method has acid, fragrant, sweet, salty, crisp feature, lignin reduces by 10.2%, cellulose reduces by 14.2%, hemicellulose reduces by 43.8%, protein improves 15.7%, poultry misses potter edible, and it is easy to operate with regard to its method itself, supplied materials is wide, cost is low, high efficiency, feed through on probation, such as beef cattle, daily gain can reach 1200 grams, sheep more than 300 grams, daily gain in pigs more than 500 grams, sheep pig can reach the standard of delivering for sale in 6 months, efficiency of feed utilization improves greatly, stalk is fully used, turn waste into wealth, efficiently solve a difficult problem for stalk process over the past thousands of years and family's its feeding feed, the success of this invention, for effective utilization of China's agricultural straw resource, reduce environmental pollution, a brand-new approach is opened for developing three-dimensional organic agriculture and straw animal, be of great immediate significance and strategic importance.

Claims (4)

1. a stalk biochemical fodder production method, it is characterized in that first crushed stalk being beaten into 2cm-0.001cm, the ammonia that stalk after pulverizing adds the acid of the 0.3-0.5% of stalk weight or the alkali of 0.3-6% or 3-5% again carries out chemical treatment, expanded boiling is carried out again in expanded boiling vessel, temperature 50 C-260 DEG C, pressure is expanded boiling 20-60 minute under 1-20 atmospheric pressure, then premix is carried out, be about to by weight: the stalk 65-75% after expanded boiling, wheat bran 5-7%, corn flour 5-7%, soya-bean cake 10-16%, fish meal 0.5-5% and salt 0.5-1% and grain enzyme and water are uniformly mixed in agitator, the addition of water by weight for raw material after mixing and water with 100: 35-80 ratio add, grain enzyme is formed with 1: 1 proportional arrangement by lactic acid bacteria and wood fibre decomposer, its addition is the 0.1-1% of raw material weight, after whole premixed honest material, at same and outside air at being cooled to 5 DEG C-40 DEG C, moisture content remains isolated lower anaerobic fermentation 72-720 hour.

2. the production method of stalk biochemical fodder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the corn stalk powder of 75Kg being broken to 1cm long, add 300 grams, formic acid and carry out chemical treatment, put afterwards and carry out expanded boiling to autoclave, at 100 DEG C, pressure is expanded boiling 45 minutes under 4 atmospheric pressure, the broken stalk of 75Kg maize straw after expanded boiling adds wheat bran 6Kg, corn flour 6Kg, soya-bean cake 12Kg, fish meal 0.5Kg and salt 0.5Kg and water 56Kg and grain enzyme 0.1Kg, mix with premixing machine, be cooled to 20 DEG C, in fermentation vat at 20 DEG C anaerobic fermentation 360 hours.

3. the production method of stalk biochemical fodder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is that below 50 orders become powder that the peanut seedling stalk of 65Kg is crushed to granularity by pulverizer, add NaOH 2.5Kg and carry out chemical treatment, put into autoclave afterwards, warp is at 10 atmospheric pressure, at 200 DEG C, expanded boiling is after 60 minutes, again with premixing machine with wheat bran 7Kg, corn flour 7Kg, soya-bean cake 15Kg, fish meal 5Kg and salt 1Kg add water 50Kg and 0.5Kg grain enzyme premix evenly after, be cooled to 30 DEG C, load in fermentation tank, anaerobic fermentation 360 hours at 30 DEG C.

4. according to the production method of stalk biochemical fodder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that meal dry sweet potato seedling 70Kg being crushed to 0.01cm through pulverizer, add liquefied ammonia 2.5Kg and carry out chemical treatment, 5 atmospheric pressure, expanded boiling 45 minutes at 150 DEG C in autoclave afterwards, again with premixing machine with wheat bran 6Kg, corn flour 7Kg, soya-bean cake 14Kg, fish meal 2Kg and salt 1Kg, water 80kg and grain enzyme 0.6Kg, fermentation vat is put into after mixing, be cooled to 25 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 480 hours at 25 DEG C.