Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of railway power dispatch automated system is provided, centralized and unified management converting station electric power equipment and railway station building electromechanical equipment, there is good Energy Saving Control and energy management function, and enforcement video data and history video data can be provided.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of railway power dispatch automated system, it comprises information management MIS layer, master control layer, middle control layer and field layer.
Information management MIS layer comprises circuit allocation agrment information system and to unify far management system of checking meter, circuit allocation management information system, check meter far management system and master station are interconnected, circuit allocation management information system is responsible for managing master station and commanding, far management system of checking meter is responsible for remote automatic meter reading, and electricity consumption data are added up, computation and analysis.
Master control layer comprises master station and electronics duty system, and master station is connected with electronics duty system and monitoring station, and master station is responsible for centralized management and is controlled each monitoring station, and electronics duty system carries out duty management according to the abnormal failure alarm meter preset.
Middle control layer comprises control station and local monitoring station, local monitoring station is connected with one or more control station, control station is connected with on-the-spot topworks, control station is responsible for exchanging information with on-the-spot topworks, local monitoring station provides man-machine interaction to manage, be convenient to operator on duty and tour personnel in local execution monitoring, control task, for maintainer provides interactive service.
Field layer comprises on-the-spot topworks and field apparatus, on-the-spot topworks collection site facility information, and performs the control command that control station sends.
It also comprises communication network, and described communication network comprises the ring-like self-healing Industrial Ethernet of optical fiber, fieldbus and gsm wireless network.
The ring-like self-healing Industrial Ethernet of described optical fiber is for connecting master station and control station.
Described fieldbus is for connecting local monitoring station and the connected one or more control station of local monitoring station, and described fieldbus is CAN, LonWorks bus or RS-485 bus.
Described gsm wireless network comprises GSM/GPRS transceiver, GSM/GPRS transceiver is arranged at far management system of checking meter, master station and local monitoring station, check meter far management system, master station and the mutual wireless connections of local monitoring station are made by gsm wireless network, gsm wireless network is also connected with GSM mobile device, GSM mobile device, by after password authentification, can communicate with master station or far management system of checking meter.
Described on-the-spot topworks at least comprises intelligent instrument, microcomputer protecting device, idle compensating control, telechiric device, telemetering device and telecommunication equipment.
Described reactive-load compensation capacitor controller is the supervising device of reactive power compensator, works the power factor improving electrical network, reduce the loss of supply transformer and conveying circuit in electric power scheduling automatization system.
Described telechiric device is remote relay output module, for accepting the straighforward operation of computer instruction executive system or automatically controlling.
Described telecommunication equipment is switching value acquisition module, for gathering on-off model and being converted to digital signal, connects the exchanges data realized with automated system through communication.
Described telemetering device is analogue collection module, by connect voltage transformer (VT) in electric power scheduling automatization system, current transformer, transmitter, for gathering analog signals and being converted to digital signal, connect the exchanges data realized with automated system through communication, described analog signals at least comprises electric current, voltage, power, temperature, humidity, pressure and flow.
Described microcomputer protecting device comprises equipment for monitoring power quality, electric parameter measurement instrument and multiloop monitoring unit.
Described equipment for monitoring power quality is responsible for the protection such as overcurrent, overload, temperature and the monitoring of service entrance switch in electric power scheduling automatization system and transformer.
The step down side switch monitoring and controlling in electric power scheduling automatization system is responsible for by described electric parameter measurement instrument.
The status surveillance machine that described multiloop monitoring unit is responsible for fire-fighting power supply in electric power scheduling automatization system and non fire fighting power supply interconnection switch controls.
Described control station comprises long-distance monitorng device, described long-distance monitorng device comprises rack, communication unit, RTU RTU, connection terminal, Switching Power Supply and tail optical fiber box, communication unit is connected with tail optical fiber box, communication unit is connected with RTU RTU, Switching Power Supply is connected with RTU RTU, and Interface Terminal is corresponding with the terminal on RTU RTU to be connected.
Described communication unit is the optical transmitter and receiver having self-healing function.
Described connection terminal comprises remote signalling terminal, remote control terminal, voltage terminal, current terminal, DC terminal and communication terminal.
It also comprises relay, air switch and lightning arrester.
Described communication unit, RTU RTU, connection terminal, Switching Power Supply, tail optical fiber box, relay, air switch and lightning arrester adopt base plate screw mounting means or standard DIN guide rails assembling mode.
Described far management system of checking meter comprises remote automatic meter reading system, load statistics and analytic system, load management system and database server.
Described remote automatic meter reading mainly refers to that the remote measurement of intelligent instrument is checked meter, remote automatic meter reading system sends data acquisition command to master station, master station by transferring order to control station, control station controls on-the-spot topworks image data, and by data feedback to remote automatic meter reading system, data are sent to database server and preserve by remote automatic meter reading system.
Shown load statistics and analytic system are according to the computation rule arranged, the real time data that the historical data of calling data storehouse server or control station gather, automatically the statistics and analysis of data is completed, automatic formation curve chart, statistics electricity consumption consumption patterns, generate the peak load table of whole supervisory system, per day load meter and load meter at times, generate the peak load table of each watch-dog, per day load meter and load meter at times, add up main power consumption source, and according to the electricity rates arranged, automatically calculate electricity cost bill.
Described spatial load forecasting mainly refers to the long-range jumping tripping operation with electric switch or intelligent instrument switch, shutting-brake control, and it comprises remote control tripping operation, electricity controls and power controls three kinds of modes.
Described remote control wavy trajectory is: main website issues tripping operation or order of closing a floodgate, and terminal performs tripping operation immediately or closes a floodgate.
Described electricity control mode is: by automatic trip when user power utilization exceedes the active energy definite value of regulation, control by electricity setting value; Electricity control to comprise power consumption control, time m-electricity controls, the electricity charge control and protect electric form.
Described power control mode is: by automatic trip when user power utilization realtime power exceedes regulation performance number, control by set value of the power, power control to comprise by the period control, factory day-off controls and promptly presses spatial load forecasting.
Described electronics duty system carries out duty management according to the abnormal failure alarm meter preset, and when the system failure is reported to the police, electronics duty system passes through dialing, GPRS or short message mode automatically, remote notification operator on duty or related personnel.
Described field apparatus at least comprises air-conditioning system equipment, VMC (Ventilation Mechanical Control System) equipment, air supplying and exhausting system equipment, refrigeration station system equipment, heat-exchange apparatus and supply and drain water system equipment.
It also comprises the linkage interface of fire alarm system FAS; when a fire; fire alarm system FAS enters by the linkage interface instruction comprehensive automation system of transformer substation of fire alarm system FAS the pattern of taking precautions against natural calamities; microcomputer protecting device and automatization controlling device control interconnection switch makes field apparatus be connected with fire-fighting power supply, disconnects the connection of field apparatus and non fire fighting power supply.
It also comprises fire wall, and described fire wall is located between supervisory layers and information management MIS layer, and protection master station and circuit allocation agrment information system are unified secure communication between far management system of checking meter, and protection master station is not accessed by disabled user.
It also comprises printer, and described printer comprises configuration stylus printer and ink-jet printer, and printer is responsible for printing statistical report form and warning message, and printing type comprises event printing, regularly printing and calling and prints.
It also comprises video monitor, and video monitor floor equipment runs picture, and video monitor is connected with control station.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of railway power dispatch automated system, centralized and unified management converting station electric power equipment and railway station building electromechanical equipment, there is good Energy Saving Control and energy management function, and enforcement video data and history video data can be provided.
A kind of railway power dispatch automated system is applicable to following occasion:
(1) railway power, traction power supply dispatching automation, power remote, disconnector telemechanical etc.;
(2) subway Power SCADA, PSCADA;
(3) local electricity enterprise power dispatching automation;
(4) large-scale substation comprehensive automation;
(5) factory and enterprise power automation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of railway power dispatch automated system, it comprises information management MIS layer, master control layer, middle control layer and field layer.
Information management MIS layer comprises circuit allocation agrment information system and to unify far management system of checking meter, circuit allocation management information system, check meter far management system and master station are interconnected, circuit allocation management information system is responsible for managing master station and commanding, far management system of checking meter is responsible for remote automatic meter reading, and electricity consumption data are added up, computation and analysis.
Master control layer comprises master station and electronics duty system, and master station is connected with electronics duty system and monitoring station, and master station is responsible for centralized management and is controlled each monitoring station, and electronics duty system carries out duty management according to the abnormal failure alarm meter preset.
Middle control layer comprises control station and local monitoring station, local monitoring station is connected with one or more control station, control station is connected with on-the-spot topworks, control station is responsible for exchanging information with on-the-spot topworks, local monitoring station provides man-machine interaction to manage, be convenient to operator on duty and tour personnel in local execution monitoring, control task, for maintainer provides interactive service.
Field layer comprises on-the-spot topworks and field apparatus, on-the-spot topworks collection site facility information, and performs the control command that control station sends.
It also comprises communication network, and described communication network comprises the ring-like self-healing Industrial Ethernet of optical fiber, fieldbus and gsm wireless network.
The ring-like self-healing Industrial Ethernet of described optical fiber is for connecting master station and control station.
Described fieldbus is for connecting local monitoring station and the connected one or more control station of local monitoring station, and described fieldbus is CAN, LonWorks bus or RS-485 bus.
Described gsm wireless network comprises GSM/GPRS transceiver, GSM/GPRS transceiver is arranged at far management system of checking meter, master station and local monitoring station, check meter far management system, master station and the mutual wireless connections of local monitoring station are made by gsm wireless network, gsm wireless network is also connected with GSM mobile device, GSM mobile device, by after password authentification, can communicate with master station or far management system of checking meter.
Described on-the-spot topworks at least comprises intelligent instrument, microcomputer protecting device, idle compensating control, telechiric device, telemetering device and telecommunication equipment.
Described reactive-load compensation capacitor controller is the supervising device of reactive power compensator, works the power factor improving electrical network, reduce the loss of supply transformer and conveying circuit in electric power scheduling automatization system.
Described telechiric device is remote relay output module, for accepting the straighforward operation of computer instruction executive system or automatically controlling.
Described telecommunication equipment is switching value acquisition module, for gathering on-off model and being converted to digital signal, connects the exchanges data realized with automated system through communication.
Described telemetering device is analogue collection module, by connect voltage transformer (VT) in electric power scheduling automatization system, current transformer, transmitter, for gathering analog signals and being converted to digital signal, connect the exchanges data realized with automated system through communication, described analog signals at least comprises electric current, voltage, power, temperature, humidity, pressure and flow.
Described microcomputer protecting device comprises equipment for monitoring power quality, electric parameter measurement instrument and multiloop monitoring unit.
Described equipment for monitoring power quality is responsible for the protection such as overcurrent, overload, temperature and the monitoring of service entrance switch in electric power scheduling automatization system and transformer.
The step down side switch monitoring and controlling in electric power scheduling automatization system is responsible for by described electric parameter measurement instrument.
The status surveillance machine that described multiloop monitoring unit is responsible for fire-fighting power supply in electric power scheduling automatization system and non fire fighting power supply interconnection switch controls.
As shown in Figure 2, described control station is long-distance monitorng device, described long-distance monitorng device comprises rack, communication unit, RTU RTU, connection terminal, Switching Power Supply and tail optical fiber box, communication unit is connected with tail optical fiber box, communication unit is connected with RTU RTU, Switching Power Supply is connected with RTU RTU, and Interface Terminal is corresponding with the terminal on RTU RTU to be connected.
Described communication unit is the optical transmitter and receiver having self-healing function.
Described connection terminal comprises remote signalling terminal, remote control terminal, voltage terminal, current terminal, DC terminal and communication terminal.
It also comprises relay, air switch and lightning arrester.
Described communication unit, RTU RTU, connection terminal, Switching Power Supply, tail optical fiber box, relay, air switch and lightning arrester adopt base plate screw mounting means or standard DIN guide rails assembling mode.
Described far management system of checking meter comprises remote automatic meter reading system, load statistics and analytic system, load management system and database server.
Described remote automatic meter reading mainly refers to that the remote measurement of intelligent instrument is checked meter, remote automatic meter reading system sends data acquisition command to master station, master station by transferring order to control station, control station controls on-the-spot topworks image data, and by data feedback to remote automatic meter reading system, data are sent to database server and preserve by remote automatic meter reading system.
Shown load statistics and analytic system are according to the computation rule arranged, the real time data that the historical data of calling data storehouse server or control station gather, automatically the statistics and analysis of data is completed, automatic formation curve chart, statistics electricity consumption consumption patterns, generate the peak load table of whole supervisory system, per day load meter and load meter at times, generate the peak load table of each watch-dog, per day load meter and load meter at times, add up main power consumption source, and according to the electricity rates arranged, automatically calculate electricity cost bill.
Described spatial load forecasting mainly refers to the long-range jumping tripping operation with electric switch or intelligent instrument switch, shutting-brake control, and it comprises remote control tripping operation, electricity controls and power controls three kinds of modes.
Described remote control wavy trajectory is: main website issues tripping operation or order of closing a floodgate, and terminal performs tripping operation immediately or closes a floodgate.
Described electricity control mode is: by automatic trip when user power utilization exceedes the active energy definite value of regulation, control by electricity setting value; Electricity control to comprise power consumption control, time m-electricity controls, the electricity charge control and protect electric form.
Described power control mode is: by automatic trip when user power utilization realtime power exceedes regulation performance number, control by set value of the power, power control to comprise by the period control, factory day-off controls and promptly presses spatial load forecasting.
Described electronics duty system carries out duty management according to the abnormal failure alarm meter preset, and when the system failure is reported to the police, electronics duty system passes through dialing, GPRS or short message mode automatically, remote notification operator on duty or related personnel.
Described field apparatus at least comprises air-conditioning system equipment, VMC (Ventilation Mechanical Control System) equipment, air supplying and exhausting system equipment, refrigeration station system equipment, heat-exchange apparatus and supply and drain water system equipment.
It also comprises the linkage interface of fire alarm system FAS; when a fire; fire alarm system FAS enters by the linkage interface instruction comprehensive automation system of transformer substation of fire alarm system FAS the pattern of taking precautions against natural calamities; microcomputer protecting device and automatization controlling device control interconnection switch makes field apparatus be connected with fire-fighting power supply, disconnects the connection of field apparatus and non fire fighting power supply.
It also comprises fire wall, and described fire wall is located between supervisory layers and information management MIS layer, and protection master station and circuit allocation agrment information system are unified secure communication between far management system of checking meter, and protection master station is not accessed by disabled user.
It also comprises printer, and described printer comprises configuration stylus printer and ink-jet printer, and printer is responsible for printing statistical report form and warning message, and printing type comprises event printing, regularly printing and calling and prints.
It also comprises video monitor, and video monitor floor equipment runs picture, and video monitor is connected with control station, real-time video information is provided, also video information can be preserved on the server, when accident occurs, to be more intuitively well understood to field condition at that time.
Master station and local monitoring station are all equipped with display, can inquire about intuitively and control, provide better human-computer interaction function.
A kind of railway power dispatch automated system mainly comprises comprehensive automation system of transformer substation, distribution management system and energy management system.
Comprehensive automation system of transformer substation refers to: realized a certain to the combination of some the interrelated unit set the goal by the function that puts rules into practice, comprehensive automation system of transformer substation utilizes advanced computer technology, modern electronic technology, the communication technology and the information processing technology etc. realize (comprising relay protection to substation secondary device, control, measure, signal, failure wave-recording, aut.eq. and telemechanical apparatus etc.) function reconfigure, optimal design, to the ruuning situation execution monitoring of transformer station's armamentarium, measure, the comprehensive automated system of one controlling and coordinate.Mutually exchange information, data sharing by equipment room each in comprehensive automation system of transformer substation, complete substation operation monitoring and controlling task.The integrated automation of transformation stations instead of the conventional secondary device of transformer station, simplifies substation secondary wiring.The integrated automation of transformation stations is the important technique measure improving substation safety stable operation level, reduce operation expense, high-quality electric energy of increasing economic efficiency, provide to user.Function be comprehensively the maximum feature that comprehensive automation system of transformer substation is different from conventional substation, comprehensive automation system of transformer substation, based on computer technology, is means with data communication, take information sharing as target.
Two principles that comprehensive automation system of transformer substation realizes:
One is that mesolow transformer station adopts automated system, to implement unattended better, reaches the object of increasing efficiency by downsizing payrolls;
Two is concerning the construction of high voltage substation (220kV and more than) and design, is the advanced control mode of requirement, solves that each specialty is disperseed technically, self-organizing system, ensures operational reliability.
Two electric power systems are had in transformation and distribution system, namely as the low pressure transformation and distribution system of fire-fighting power supply and the low pressure transformation and distribution system as non fire fighting power supply, the loop that fire-fighting power supply connects is important loop, the loop that non fire fighting power supply connects is general loop, and fire-fighting power supply is connected by interconnection switch isolation with non fire fighting power supply.
Distribution management system be a kind of to power transformation, distribution to the complex automatic system monitoring with electric process, control, manage.
Energy management system has good opening, both can with electronic & mechanic machine control system interface, also can with data acquisition and supervisor control interface.Electronic & mechanic machine control system and data acquisition and supervisor control can be monitoring air-conditioner, new wind supervisory system, supply and exhaust supervisory system, refrigeration plant supervisory system, heat interchange supervisory system, Escalator supervisory system and illumination monitoring system.
Described monitoring air-conditioner energy management method, it comprises following one or more step:
(1) intermittent duty: environmentally humiture parameter, makes equipment rationally interval start and stop, Energy Saving Control under the prerequisite not affecting amenity degree;
(2) optimum start-up: according to buildings librarian use situation, open air-conditioning equipment in advance, after night, do not start air-conditioning equipment;
(3) best shutdown: according to buildings personnel upper and lower class situation, open in advance or stop air-conditioning equipment;
(4) adjust setting value: according to outside air temperature, setting value is adjusted, reduce air-conditioning equipment energy ezpenditure;
(5) night wind: in nice and cool season, be full of buildings, to save air conditioner energy with new wind at night.
Described new wind supervisory system energy management method, it comprises following one or more step:
(1) intermittent duty: environmentally humiture parameter, makes equipment rationally interval start and stop, Energy Saving Control under the prerequisite not affecting amenity degree;
(2) optimum start-up: according to buildings librarian use situation, open air-conditioning equipment in advance, after night, do not start air-conditioning equipment;
(3) best shutdown: according to buildings personnel upper and lower class situation, open in advance or stop air-conditioning equipment;
(4) adjust setting value: according to outside air temperature, setting value is adjusted, reduce air-conditioning equipment energy ezpenditure;
(5) night wind: in nice and cool season, be full of buildings, to save air conditioner energy with new wind at night.
Described supply and exhaust supervisory system energy management method, comprises following one or more step:
(1) temporally program automatic start-stop pressure fan, has the real-time time controlling functions of any period;
(2) carbon monoxide CO concentration sensor is set in closed building, by monitoring carbon monoxide CO concentration start and stop blowing and discharging fan, and the new air door of corresponding unlatching, effectively energy-conservation while ensureing air quality.
Described refrigeration plant supervisory system energy management method, comprises following one or more step:
(1) refrigeration duty demand calculates: according to chilled water confession, return water temperature and water supply flow measured value, calculate the cooling load needed for building air conditioning reality, and can determine the quantity of opening handpiece Water Chilling Units, reaches energy-conservation object;
(2) cooling water temperature detects: according to chilled water supply and return water temperature, the start and stop number of units of automatic controlled cooling model tower blower fan.
Described heat interchange supervisory system energy management method, comprises following one or more step:
(1) hot water Water temperature control: to be compared with the temperature value of feed pipe by hot water temperature's setting value and make PID arithmetic, control the aperture of electric steam valve, keep hot water supply water temperature;
(2) Inspect and control of water pump: according to actual hot water amount's demand modeling heat exchanger and water pump operation number of units;
(3) can according to proceedings, the different heat exchanger of each startup and water pump, thus increase equipment life.
Described Escalator supervisory system energy management method, it comprises by whether monitoring Escalator has people, the start and stop of automatic control electric staircase or travelling speed.
Described spatial load forecasting energy management method, it comprises following one or more step:
(1) remote control tripping operation: main website issues tripping operation or order of closing a floodgate, and terminal performs tripping operation immediately or closes a floodgate;
(2) electricity controls: by automatic trip when user power utilization exceedes the active energy definite value of regulation, control by electricity setting value; Electricity control to comprise power consumption control, time m-electricity controls, the electricity charge control and protect electric form;
(3) power controls: by automatic trip when user power utilization realtime power exceedes regulation performance number, control by set value of the power, power control to comprise by the period control, factory day-off controls and promptly presses spatial load forecasting.
Described illumination monitoring system energy management method, it comprises following one or more step:
(1) according to the opening and closing of schedule automatic control lamp photosystem;
(2) time of light unlatching is controlled according to time-program(me);
(3) automatically cut off when power consumption is excessive and carry out display alarm;
(4) emergency power pack EPS accumulator Remote activation, extends battery;
(5) when train passes through or when stopping in tunnel, automatically open illuminator, to ensure the safety of staff and passenger; After train leaves tunnel, automatically close illuminator, to reach the object of saving electric energy.
Electric power scheduling automatization system has following function:
(1) each switch outlet line voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power, power factor, the parameters of electric power such as electric degree and switch separating brake/"on" position of Real-Time Monitoring station electromechanical equipment and electric substation, and Monitoring Data is uploaded to administrative center and carry out Signal aspects, storage, Web Publishing;
(2) online modification can be carried out by the remote regulating signal such as switch alarm or action setting parameter value on the supervisory control comuter of power supply management department;
(3) can the signal such as switch disconnector position, disconnecting link position, various protection act of timing acquiring field apparatus, journal is carried out to event;
(4) at separating brake and the combined floodgate of power supply management department or the remote-controlled switch of electric substation's monitoring station;
(5) remote video monitoring can be carried out to Along Railway station and each electric substation environment and equipment, and the warning video interlink displays such as video image embeds display, personnel illegally enter, fire and image digitazation hard disk recording and inquiry can be carried out on monitoring host computer;
(6) when there is the improper event such as super tripping operation, power supply trouble, system monitoring main frame can be sounded warnings, while show its type of alarm, alarm condition, time of fire alarming etc. at warning message window;
(7) system can store the signal such as failure logging, accident record, analyzes, carry out accident of power supply location for Engineers technical;
(8) system is to can sector's electricity consumption to put into several classes appraisal management;
(9) UPS, EPS, standby power supply etc. also include monitoring range in.Monitor that content comprises power work state, inverter state, charged state, battery status and failure message etc.