CN104396593B - A kind of screening technique of high-quality blue berry kind - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides the screening technique of a kind of high-quality blue berry kind, (1), from the blue berry plant entering 3-5 in the best fruiting period, selects the blue berry kind that 10 character are excellent, takes the fruit in each blue berry kind period of maturation respectively as treating test sample；(2) content of the anthocyanidin of kind to be measured, ursolic acid, pterostilbene is measured respectively；(3) content of the vitamin A of kind to be measured, vitamin C, vitamin E is measured；(4) the mineral element calcium of kind to be measured, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, the content of manganese are measured；(5) carry out mathematical analysis by above-mentioned steps determination data, from blue berry plant, screen the blue berry kind that edibility is the highest, be high-quality blue berry kind。Establish can the screening index system of blue berry kind of quantitative assessment, amplification culture practical work can be screened for blue berry and scientific guidance is provided, there is important practical application and be worth。

Description

A kind of screening technique of high-quality blue berry kind

Technical field

The invention belongs to ecological breeding field, be specifically related to the screening technique of a kind of high-quality blue berry kind。

Background technology

Fresh fruit is the daily edible good merchantable brands of people, and wherein the berry kind that health is closely related with people's daily life and emerging is obtained more and more concern as domestic emerging fancy fruit by berry fruits。Blue berry eats fruit raw as one, is worth high at conventional nutraceutical such as energy, carbohydrate, albumen, aminoacid, fat, vitamin and mineral, is increasingly subject to liking of people this year。But, blue berry various in style, the blue berry Middle nutrition component content difference of different cultivars is greatly, how effectively blue berry kind to be optimized screening, need to select excellent kind to be enlarged cultivating according to difference, blue berry yield can be improved in maximum, meet the nutritional need of people's pay attention to day by day。The selection of blue berry kind, just can make decision after only alternative kind being carried out overall merit。It is generally believed that the principle of screening blue berry kind includes bioactive ingredients, vitamin component, mineral element component, comprehensive utilization value is high, can beautify view etc.。But existing blue berry kind is numerous, the screening of blue berry improved seeds lacks quantitative assessing index and evaluation criterion foundation, and subjective factors impact is relatively big, scientific not strong with operability。

Set up index system to have become as people and carry out main method and the means of overall merit。The ranking that fruit nutrition is worth is one of focus of paying close attention to of people。But the assessment indicator system of fruit nutrition health is also little。The Nutritive evaluation method that people found includes the methods such as index of nutritional quality, Density of nutrient, food utilization, amino acid index, but these methods simply food certain on be analyzed and compare。Still lack the Comprehensive Assessment Technology of the effect played in fruit nutrition health。

Particularly, the fine quality screening of blue berry still rarely has system, comprehensive assessment indicator system。Although people have had preliminary study in the non-oxidizability of blue berry, cultivation management technology and product competitiveness。But achievement in research only covers minority kind and the individual feature aspect of blue berry, and edible effect that one-side factor is difficulty with blue berry kind is preferred。Therefore, to the nutritive value of blue berry, edible effect more comprehensively evaluate but without, moreover the index system establishment of complexity, although it is contemplated that relatively comprehensively, but forming process is complicated, it is complicated to calculate, update slowly。And blue berry is various in style now, how to choose quickly, flexibly assessment technique method be very important。Meanwhile, edible effect of blue berry includes various aspects, in bioactive ingredients, vitamin, mineral etc.。How these combined factors are considered, and integrated performance, it is achieved quick, the succinct evaluation of blue berry kind is current blue berry breed breeding urgent problem。It is contemplated that comprehensive blue berry kind edible efficacy performance, outstanding characteristic kind in every respect, it is achieved qualitative to the transformation quantified。Complete the quickly succinct sequence of kind, also provide foundation for the selection of improved seeds and grade classification。

From bioactive substance analysis, because blueberry anthocyanidin content is high, there is the effect of antioxidation and improving eyesight, show according to the work of Tufts university of the U.S. in 1996, blue berry and more than 40 kind of fruit and vegerable relatively in rank the first at anthocyanidin activity substance content。Blue berry is except containing anthocyanidin, and possibly together with the newfound bioactie agent such as ursolic acid and pterostilbene, these factors have the health cares such as anticancer, antioxidation, enhance the heath-function of blue berry；

In sum, set up can the screening index system of blue berry kind of quantitative assessment, amplification culture practical work can be screened for blue berry and scientific guidance is provided, there is important practical application and be worth。

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the screening technique of a kind of high-quality blue berry kind, the selection for improved seeds provides operation targeted, easy, science objective appraisal system。The present invention is using the food functionality composition of blue berry kind as index comprehensive evaluation fruit, take into full account the fruit functional reparation such as the plantation impact in time, active component, vitamin and mineral, geometric method is utilized to try to achieve concrete index, quantify and illustrate the improved seeds sequence with edible effect, solve blue berry edibility height and from numerous blue berry kinds, choose the pressing issues of improved seeds。

The screening technique of a kind of high-quality blue berry kind, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

(1) from the blue berry plant entering 3-5 in the best fruiting period, select the blue berry kind that multiple character is excellent, take the fruit in each blue berry kind period of maturation respectively as treating test sample；

(2) content of the anthocyanidin of kind to be measured, ursolic acid, pterostilbene is measured respectively；

(3) content of the vitamin A of kind to be measured, vitamin C, vitamin E is measured；

(4) the mineral element calcium of kind to be measured, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, the content of manganese are measured；

(5) data that above-mentioned steps is measured carry out mathematical analysis, screen the blue berry kind that edibility is the highest, be high-quality blue berry kind from blue berry plant。

In step (5), the concrete steps of described mathematical analysis include:

1) biological activity priority index

Respectively according to anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene content to kind sort, by the data of each kind by order arrangement from big to small, and data are carried out Min-max standardization carry out assignment, in species data, maximum is maximum, minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind presses formula-1 calculate, obtains the biological activity priority index of blue berry kind p,

$S_p=\sqrt[n]{\frac{\underset{q=1}{\overset{w}{\Σ}}H\·X\·Z}{w}}$ (formula-1)

Wherein, S_PFor the biological activity priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

H is the Anthocyanins assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

X is the ursolic acid composition assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Z is the pterostilbene composition assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

N is active factors number；

2) vitamin priority index

Respectively according to vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E content to kind sort, by the data of each kind by order arrangement from big to small, and data being carried out Min-max standardization, in species data, maximum is maximum, minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, then new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind presses formula-2 calculate, obtains the vitamin priority index of blue berry kind p,

$V_p=\sqrt[m]{\frac{\underset{q=1}{\overset{w}{\Σ}}{V}_A\·V_C\·V_E}{w}}$ (formula-2)

Wherein, V_PFor the vitamin priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_AFor blue berry kind p vitamin A assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_CFor blue berry kind p vitamin C assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_EFor blue berry kind p vitamin E assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

M is vitamin factor number；

3) mineral element priority index

9 kinds of mineral element calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, manganese carries out principal component analysis, each sample main constituent score value F after SPSS software analysis, data acquisition z-score methodological standardization_jN, comprehensive scores D_NCalculate with the contribution rate E of corresponding main constituent_jFor weight；Computing formula is formula-3 such as,

$D_N=\underset{t=1}{\overset{M}{\Σ}}{F}_{tN}\·E_t$ (formula-3)

D_NThe comprehensive scores of each sample fruit element quality is obtained for Principal Component Analysis Method；F_tNFor the t eigenvalue of n-th sample > score value of 1 main composition, M is eigenvalue > and the number of the main constituent of 1, E_tIt it is the contribution rate of t main constituent；

4) by above-mentioned D_NStandard on data, namely carries out Min-max standardization assignment to the comprehensive scores of the fruit element kind of different cultivars, and in species data, maximum is maximum, and minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind is pressed the mineral element priority index M of this year obtaining corresponding kind_qp；

M_qpFor the q mineral element priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval [1,100]；

$M_p=\frac{M_{qp}}{w}$ (formula-4)

M_pFor blue berry mineral element priority index；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

5) according to the biological activity priority index of above-mentioned acquisition, vitamin priority index and mineral element priority index, the fruit edible function priority index G as food is calculated_p, computing formula is formula-5 such as:

$G_p=\sqrt[3]{S_p\·V_P\·M_P}$ (formula-5)

G_pFor the edible function priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is [1,100]。

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1.

(1) from the blue berry plant entering 3-5 in the best fruiting period, select the blue berry kind that 10 character are excellent, number consecutively is N1～N10, takes each kind period of maturation fruit 60 respectively, wherein enters 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods, enters each 20 of 3 years best fruiting periods；

(2) content of anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene in kind fruit to be measured is measured respectively, in 20 average contents in same kind same time；

(3) content of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E in kind fruit to be measured is measured, in 20 average contents in same kind same time；

(4) measuring kind fruit Mineral Elements calcium to be measured, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, the content of manganese, in 20 average contents in same kind same time；

(5) blue berry composition mathematical analysis computing:

1) content of anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene in biological activity priority index statistics blue berry, as shown in table 1。

In table 1 blue berry (Gao Cong), anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene are containing scale

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

Calculating process needs according to every kind of active component content, kind to be sorted, therefore by the data of each kind by order arrangement from big to small, such as by anthocyanidin arrogant to the little sequence of First Year data, and data are carried out Min-max standardization carry out assignment, in species data, maximum is maximum, and minima is minimum。The assignment that then each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100

Note: when kind initial data is identical with minima, new assignment is automatically made 1。

Then processing other times or compositional data successively, the process that calculates is with reference to formula-1, and result of calculation is as shown in table 2。

Anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene content assignment table in table 2 blue berry

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

Table 2 result can substitute into formula-1, the indices of blue berry kind N1 between illustrating 3 years, after analyzing with other variety protection, wherein the blue berry kind N1 Anthocyanins assignment of 3 years distinguishes 32.50,1.00,1.00, ursolic acid composition assignment is 95.60,94.00,100.00, pterostilbene composition assignment is 1.00,1.89,48.15, then calculate biological activity priority index (with reference to formula-1):

$S_p=\sqrt[3]{\frac{(32.50*95.60*1.00)+(1.00*94.00*1.89)+(1.00*100.00*48.15)}{3}}=13.92$

Other kinds can calculate successively, in Table 3。

Table 3 biological activity priority index operation result

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

2) vitamin priority index Vp,

As it has been described above, collect corresponding experimental data, add up the content of vitamin A, C, E, as shown in table 3。

In table 4 blue berry, vitamin A, C, E are containing scale

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

Needing also exist for being standardized assignment, with reference to formula-1, result of calculation is as shown in table 4。

Vitamin A, C, E content assignment table in table 5 blue berry

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

It is also possible to calculate vitamin priority index, the assignment of blue berry kind N1 vitamin A respectively 1.00,1.00,20.00；Ascorbic assignment respectively 10.13,100.00,1.00；The assignment of vitamin E respectively 72.73,17.65,100.00, then calculate vitamin priority index (with reference to formula-2)

$V_q=\sqrt[3]{\frac{(1.00*1.00*20.00)+(10.13*100.00*1.00)+(72.73*17.65*100.00)}{3}}=35.07$

Other kinds can calculate successively, in Table 6。

The preferential exponent arithmetic result of table 6 vitamin

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

3) mineral element priority index Mp is calculated,

9 kinds of mineral element calcium in blue berry, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, Fe content statistical data is as shown in table 7。

9 kinds of mineral element calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, Fe content table in table 7 blue berry

Note: 1,2,3 value in gauge outfit is expressed as entering 1 year best fruiting period, enters 2 years best fruiting periods and enters 3 years best fruiting periods。

It is that 9 kinds of mineral elements through SPSS software analysis, need to carry out principal component analysis, each sample main constituent score value F for what calculate that assignment is different from first two_jN, comprehensive scores D_NCalculate with the contribution rate E of corresponding main constituent_jFor weight, computing formula is formula-3 such as。

D_NThe comprehensive scores of each sample fruit element quality is obtained for Principal Component Analysis Method；F_tNFor the t eigenvalue of n-th sample > score value of 1 main composition, M is eigenvalue > and the number of the main constituent of 1, E_tIt it is the contribution rate of t main constituent。

Citing carries out principal component analysis with the mineral element composition of blue berry First Year, it is seen that table 8, has the eigenvalue of 3 compositions more than 1, contribution rate respectively 38.464%, and 19.267%, 15.351%。Main constituent score value is in Table 9。Can be calculated according to formula-4。

Table 8 contribution rate is explained

Table 9 fruit element main constituent score value

Calculate for N1, it is known that main constituent score value is-1.14755,1.00751 ,-0.14304, and contribution rate is 38.464%, 19.267%, 15.351%,

Then

D_N1=-1.14755*0.38464+1.00751*0.19267-0.14304*0.15351=-0.26923

Other calculate ibid (table 10),

4) by D_NStandard on data, namely carries out assignment (table 9) to the comprehensive scores of the fruit element kind of different cultivars, it is thus achieved that the mineral element priority index M of this year of corresponding kind_qp。

9 kinds of mineral element calcium in table 10 blue berry, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, Fe content comprehensive scores table

Table 11 blue berry mineral element assignment table

Other data can be calculated equally。3 years mineral element priority indexs of blue berry kind N1 respectively 35.62,1.00,80.38, then calculate mineral priority index (with reference to formula-4):

$M_p=\frac{35.62+1.00+80.38}{3}=39.00$

So can calculate the mineral priority index (table 12) of other kinds

Table 12 blue berry kind mineral priority index

5) edible function priority index

Follow aforesaid way, calculate each index of blue berry successively, refer to table 13。

Table 13 is itemized exponent arithmetic result

For N1, calculate edible function priority index (formula-5)

$G_p=\sqrt[3]{13.92*35.07*39.00}=26.70$

Other kind edible function priority index can be calculated successively, according to edible function priority index, 10 kinds of blue berry kinds are carried out ranking, as shown in table 14.

Table 14 blue berry kind index and list

Blue berry variety and quality is comprehensively evaluated by the present invention, and be ranked up according to bioactive ingredients, vitamin and mineral respectively, can filter out, from 10 kinds of blue berry kinds that this example relates to, the kind that comprehensive score is higher according to table 12, amplification culture and the plantation of blue berry kind can be preferred for, increase economic efficiency。

Although above-mentioned, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention。

Claims (1)

1. the screening technique of a high-quality blue berry kind, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

(1) from the blue berry plant entering 3-5 in the best fruiting period, select the blue berry kind that multiple character is excellent, take the fruit in each blue berry kind period of maturation respectively as treating test sample；

(2) content of the anthocyanidin of kind to be measured, ursolic acid, pterostilbene is measured respectively；

(3) content of the vitamin A of kind to be measured, vitamin C, vitamin E is measured；

(4) the mineral element calcium of kind to be measured, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, the content of manganese are measured；

(5) data that above-mentioned steps is measured carry out mathematical analysis, screen the blue berry kind that edibility is the highest, be high-quality blue berry kind from blue berry plant；

In step (5), the concrete steps of described mathematical analysis include:

1) biological activity priority index

Respectively according to anthocyanidin, ursolic acid, pterostilbene content to kind sort, by the data of each kind by order arrangement from big to small, and data are carried out Min-max standardization carry out assignment, in species data, maximum is maximum, minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind presses formula-1 calculate, obtains the biological activity priority index of blue berry kind p,

$S_p=\sqrt[n]{\frac{\underset{q=1}{\overset{w}{\Σ}}H\·X\·Z}{w}}$ (formula-1)

Wherein, S_PFor the biological activity priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

H is the Anthocyanins assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

X is the ursolic acid composition assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Z is the pterostilbene composition assignment of blue berry kind p, and assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

N is active factors number；

2) vitamin priority index

Respectively according to vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E content to kind sort, by the data of each kind by order arrangement from big to small, and data being carried out Min-max standardization, in species data, maximum is maximum, minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, then new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind presses formula-2 calculate, obtains the vitamin priority index of blue berry kind p,

$V_p=\sqrt[m]{\frac{\underset{q=1}{\overset{w}{\Σ}}{V}_A\·V_C\·V_E}{w}}$ (formula-2)

Wherein, V_PFor the vitamin priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_AFor blue berry kind p vitamin A assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_CFor blue berry kind p vitamin C assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

V_EFor blue berry kind p vitamin E assignment, assignment is interval in [1,100]；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

M is vitamin factor number；

3) mineral element priority index

9 kinds of mineral element calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, manganese carries out principal component analysis, each sample main constituent score value F after SPSS software analysis, data acquisition z-score methodological standardization_jN, comprehensive scores D_NCalculate with the contribution rate E of corresponding main constituent_jFor weight；Computing formula is formula-3 such as,

$D_N=\underset{t=1}{\overset{M}{\Σ}}{F}_{tN}\·E_t$ (formula-3)

D_NThe comprehensive scores of each sample fruit element quality is obtained for Principal Component Analysis Method；F_tNFor the t eigenvalue of n-th sample > score value of 1 main composition, M is eigenvalue > and the number of the main constituent of 1, E_tIt it is the contribution rate of t main constituent；

4) by above-mentioned D_NStandard on data, namely carries out Min-max standardization assignment to the comprehensive scores of the fruit element kind of different cultivars, and in species data, maximum is maximum, and minima is minimum, then the assignment that each kind is new is:

New assignment=[(former data-minimum)/(maximum-minimum)] * 100,

If the former data of kind are identical with minima, new assignment is automatically made 1；

Then the assignment of each kind is pressed the mineral element priority index M of this year obtaining corresponding kind_qp；

M_qpFor the q mineral element priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is interval [1,100]；

$M_p=\frac{M_{qp}}{w}$ (formula-4)

M_pFor blue berry mineral element priority index；

Q is the time of testing index, and w is year number, and q is Second Year after entering First Year after the best fruiting period, entering the best fruiting period or after entering the best fruiting period the 3rd year, w=[3,5]；

5) according to the biological activity priority index of above-mentioned acquisition, vitamin priority index and mineral element priority index, the fruit edible function priority index G as food is calculated_p, computing formula is formula-5 such as:

$G_p=\sqrt[3]{S_p\·V_P\·M_P}$ (formula-5)

G_pFor the edible function priority index of blue berry kind p, assignment is [1,100]。