CN104388832B - The manufacture method of crank axle for vessel material and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method - Google Patents
The manufacture method of crank axle for vessel material and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104388832B CN104388832B CN201410681239.XA CN201410681239A CN104388832B CN 104388832 B CN104388832 B CN 104388832B CN 201410681239 A CN201410681239 A CN 201410681239A CN 104388832 B CN104388832 B CN 104388832B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
Abstract
The invention discloses the manufacture method of crank axle for vessel material and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method thereof, wherein, the method comprises the following steps: the molten steel after smelting is cast into steel ingot by (1)；(2) mode that two upsettings two are pulled out is adopted to be forged by described steel ingot；(3) adopt and first cool down again isothermal annealed heat treatment mode the forging material after step (2) is carried out post processing.The present invention forges the requirement of material by adopting the bent axle of said method manufacture to meet 42CrMoA (+Ni+V), may be used on marine diesel machine crankshaft.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture method of fe-based alloy structure steel, in particular it relates to the manufacture method of a kind of 42CrMoA (+Ni+V) marine diesel machine crankshaft forging material material, and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method.
Background technology
The heart of steamer is diesel engine, and bent axle is one of most crucial parts of diesel engine, and the very strong driving force of Diesel engine need to pass to propeller by bent axle and promote and be threadingly advanced.Crank axle for vessel transmission power is big, bears alternate load, the intensity of crankshaft steel, hardness, shock resistance are had significantly high requirement, degree of purity, thin crystalline substance, tissue etc. is had higher requirement simultaneously.
The requirement of crankshaft material is in particular in:
(1) not only required high tensile strength, but also required there is significantly high shock resistance index.
(2) very strict crankshaft forging ultrasound wave and magnetic powder inspection regulation.
(3) the extremely small ripple crackle that is mingled with can not be produced to meet local flood tide deflection during curved forging.
(4) inspection prior austenite grain size, it is desirable to grain size is narrower than 5.0 grades.
(5) degree of purity requires height, need to detect by GB and Europe superscript simultaneously.
(6) there is the requirement of the linked groups such as Widmannstatten structure, banded structure.
(7) bent axle is because its weight is big, machining accuracy is high, manufacture difficulty is big, is always up " weakness " of China's shipping industry, is completely dependent on import for a long time.
Therefore, how to produce satisfactory crank axle for vessel material and be still problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The manufacture method that the purpose of the present invention aims to provide 42CrMoA (+Ni+V) crankshaft material good product quality, lumber recovery is high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides the manufacture method of a kind of crank axle for vessel material, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) molten steel after smelting is cast into steel ingot；
(2) mode that two upsettings two are pulled out is adopted to be forged by described steel ingot；
(3) adopt and first cool down again isothermal annealed heat treatment mode the forging material after step (2) is carried out post processing.
Present invention also offers the crank axle for vessel manufactured by said method.
The present invention forges the requirement of material by adopting the bent axle of said method manufacture to meet 42CrMoA (+Ni+V), may be used on marine diesel machine crankshaft.
It addition, the method for the present invention adopts the casting process that low temperature is noted slowly, can guarantee that steel obtains low gas content and tramps levels, it is ensured that the internal soundness of steel.By the mode of production that press two upsetting two is pulled out, can fully ensure that the broken of steel ingot as-cast structure, then be equipped with suitable deflection and recovery and recrystallization effect, crystal grain can be made to obtain refining more fully, be conducive to grain size and the detection capability of steel；Adopt slow cooling+isothermal annealed heat treatment mode, make the tissue of steel change according to required tissue, can fully control the Widmannstatten structure and the banded structure that are harmful to so that it is rank reaches required requirement, and obtains the thin ferrite and pearlite needed.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides the manufacture method of a kind of crank axle for vessel material, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) molten steel after smelting is cast into steel ingot；
(2) mode that two upsettings two are pulled out is adopted to be forged by described steel ingot；
(3) adopt and first cool down again isothermal annealed heat treatment mode the forging material after step (2) is carried out post processing.
According to the present invention, in step (1), described steel ingot can for octagon ingot that weight is 6-9 ton, it is preferred to weight is the octagon ingot of 8-9 ton.
According to the present invention, in step (1), described smelting includes the smelting process of electric furnace smelting, external refining (LF external refining) and vacuum outgas (VD vacuum degassing), wherein, the condition of described electric furnace smelting, described external refining and described vacuum outgas is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area.
According to the present invention, in step (1), the condition of described molten steel casting includes: cast temperature can be 1525-1535 DEG C, it is preferred to 1529-1531 DEG C, casting time is 15-25 minute, it is preferred to 19-23 minute；In the present invention, the cast temperature of molten steel (molten steel) can be the fusing point+temperature overheating degree of steel, and wherein, the fusing point of this steel is about 1495 DEG C, and temperature overheating degree can be 30-41 DEG C, it is preferred to 34-36 DEG C, thus.The cast temperature of molten steel (molten steel) can be 1525-1535 DEG C, it is preferred to 1529-1531 DEG C.In the present invention, the casting process noted slowly by low temperature, it is possible to obtain the content of the mass percent of each alloying element in good steel.
According to the present invention, in step (1), after molten steel after smelting is carried out casting process, when above-mentioned smelting and casting process, can make with the gross weight of described steel ingot for benchmark, the content of C is 0.4-0.44 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.7-0.75 weight %, the content of Si is 0.2-0.3 weight %, the content of P is≤0.020 weight %, the content of S is≤0.015 weight %, the content of Cr is 1-1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is 0.2-0.24 weight %, the content of Ni is 0.4-0.5 weight %, the content of V is 0.07-0.1 weight %, the content of Cu is≤0.2 weight %, all the other are Fe content.
Preferably, with the gross weight of described steel ingot for benchmark, the content of C is 0.41-0.43 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.71-0.73 weight %, the content of Si is the content that content is≤0.012 weight %, S of 0.22-0.25 weight %, P is≤0.006 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.12-1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is the content that content is 0.43-0.44 weight %, V of 0.21-0.22 weight %, Ni is 0.08-0.09 weight %, the content of Cu is≤0.15 weight %, and all the other are Fe content.
More preferably, with the gross weight of described steel ingot for benchmark, the content of C is 0.41-0.43 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.71-0.73 weight %, the content of Si is 0.22-0.25 weight %, the content of P is 0.001-0.012 weight %, the content of S is 0.001-0.006 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.12-1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is the content that content is 0.43-0.44 weight %, V of 0.21-0.22 weight %, Ni is 0.08-0.09 weight %, the content of Cu is 0.01-0.15 weight %, and all the other are Fe content.
According to the present invention, in step (2), described forging includes the process that described steel ingot carries out pretreatment, press cogging and finish forge.
According to the present invention, in step (2), described steel ingot is forged to intermediate blank after press cogging, and the diameter of described intermediate blank can be 450-550mm, it is preferred to 450-480mm.
According to the present invention, the mode that described intermediate blank cools down is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area, it is preferable that after having forged, as early as possible intermediate blank overhead traveling crane is fallen into the mode carrying out stove cold in stove and cools down.According to the present invention, the condition of described pretreatment includes: described steel ingot enters the initial temperature of heating furnace for be more than or equal to 500 DEG C, being then incubated 5-6 hour at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C；Preferably, described steel ingot enters the initial temperature of heating furnace and is 500-550 DEG C, is then incubated 5-6 hour at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C.
According to the present invention, the condition of described press cogging includes: implement at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C, it is preferable that implement at temperature is 1200-1220 DEG C.
According to the present invention, described press is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area, it is preferable that described press is the press of 4500KN.
According to the present invention, the deformation program that mode is " upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out " that described two upsettings two are pulled out.Wherein, the mode of texturing of " upsetting " is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area, it is preferable that " upsetting " adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle；And the mode of texturing of " pulling out " is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area, it is preferable that pull out the mode adopting press longitudinally pulling；And the deformation of each jumping-up can be 1/2 less than former height, it is preferable that the 1/2-1/3 that deformation is former height of jumping-up every time.
According to the present invention, described precise forging machine is not particularly limited, it is possible to for the conventional selection of this area, it is preferable that described finish forge is the precise forging machine of 1800KN.
According to the present invention, the condition of described finish forge includes: can be incubated 2-3 hour at 1170-1190 DEG C of temperature, it is preferable that be incubated 2-2.5 hour at 1175-1185 DEG C of temperature.
According to the present invention, not melting down in whole forging process, a fire is swaged into.
According to the present invention, in step (3), described heat treated condition includes: described forging material is cooled to≤200 DEG C after forging, adopt again and be incubated 7-8 hour at 850-900 DEG C of temperature, be then cooled at 750-800 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h to 35 DEG C/h again and be incubated 8-9 hour；Preferably, described heat treated condition includes: described forging material is cooled to 150-180 DEG C after forging, adopt again and be incubated 7-7.5 hour at 860-880 DEG C of temperature, be then cooled at 760-780 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h to 32 DEG C/h again and be incubated 8.5-9 hour；In the present invention, adopt slow cooling+isothermal annealed heat treatment mode, it is possible to make the tissue of steel change according to required tissue, it is possible to fully control harmful Widmannstatten structure and banded structure, make its rank reach required requirement, and obtain the thin ferrite and pearlite needed.
Present invention also offers a kind of crank axle for vessel manufactured by said method.
Hereinafter will be described the present invention by embodiment.
In following example and comparative example, chemical analysis is recorded by GB/T223 method, and room temperature tensile is recorded by GB/T228 method, and notch shock is recorded by GB/T229, and grain size is recorded by GB/T6394, and low power is recorded by GB/T226, and
Raw material is company's trade mark is the commercially available product of 42CrMoA (+Ni+V).
Embodiment 1
This embodiment is for the manufacture method that the crank axle for vessel material of the present invention is described and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method.
(1) smelting process of electric furnace smelting+LF external refining+VD vacuum degassing is adopted, then 20 minutes (casting process that low temperature is noted slowly) of casting at 1530 DEG C of temperature, with the gross weight of acquisition steel for benchmark, wherein, the content of C is 0.42 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.72 weight %, the content of Si is 0.25 weight %, the content of P is 0.01 weight %, the content of S is 0.005 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is 0.21 weight %, the content of Ni is 0.44 weight %, the content of V is 0.08 weight %, the content of Cu is 0.10 weight %, the content of ferrum is 96.575 weight %；9t octagon ingot it is cast into after tapping；
(2) the steel ingot temperature that 9t octagon ingot enters heating furnace through delivering to forge is 500 DEG C of temperature, is 5h the temperature retention times of 1220 DEG C；
Press cogging adopts the mode of production that two upsettings two are pulled out, the deformation program of i.e. upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, jumping-up adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle, at 1200 DEG C, make steel fully be deformed, forge the intermediate blank to Ф 450-Ф 550mm, whole forging process does not melt down, one fire is swaged into, and described press is the press of 4500KN, deformation is former height the 1/3 of each jumping-up；
Use clearage with grinding wheel surface after intermediate blank forging, then at precise forging machine heating furnace with 1180 DEG C of heating, temperature retention time is 2h, then with the precise forging machine forging of 1800KN to becoming a useful person；
(3) after having forged, descending cold bed as early as possible, fall into stove in stove with overhead traveling crane cold, it is 200 DEG C that stove is cooled to temperature, reheats and adopts insulation 8 hours at 870 DEG C of temperature, is then cooled at 770 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h again and is incubated 8.5 hours；
(4) sampling detection, steel obtain the finished product material Q1 of required size specification then through concerned process steps such as aligning, peeling, flaw detection, scale blankings.
Q1 carries out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc., and result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
This embodiment is for the manufacture method that the crank axle for vessel material of the present invention is described and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method.
(1) smelting process of electric furnace smelting+LF external refining+VD vacuum degassing is adopted, then 22 minutes (casting process that low temperature is noted slowly) of casting at 1531 DEG C of temperature, with the gross weight of acquisition steel for benchmark, wherein, the content of C be 0.42%, the content of Mn be 0.72%, the content of Si be 0.22%, the content of P be 0.012%, the content of S be 0.005%, the content of Cr be 1.12%, the content of Mo be 0.22%, the content of Ni be 0.43%, the content of V be 0.09%, the content of Cu be 0.10%, the content of ferrum be 96.663 weight %；9t octagon ingot it is cast into after tapping；
(2) the steel ingot temperature that 9t octagon ingot enters heating furnace through delivering to forge is 500 DEG C of temperature, is 5h the temperature retention times of 1220 DEG C；
Press cogging adopts the mode of production that two upsettings two are pulled out, the deformation program of i.e. upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, jumping-up adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle, at 1250 DEG C, make steel fully be deformed, forge the intermediate blank to Ф 450-Ф 550mm, whole forging process does not melt down, one fire is swaged into, and described press is the press of 4500KN, deformation is former height the 1/2 of each jumping-up；
Use clearage with grinding wheel surface after intermediate blank forging, then at precise forging machine heating furnace with 1180 DEG C of heating, temperature retention time is 2h, then with the precise forging machine forging of 1800KN to becoming a useful person；
(3) after having forged, descending cold bed as early as possible, fall into stove in stove with overhead traveling crane cold, it is 200 DEG C that stove is cooled to temperature, reheats and adopts insulation 7.5 hours at 870 DEG C of temperature, is then cooled at 770 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h again and is incubated 9 hours；
(4) sampling detection, steel obtain the finished product material Q2 of required size specification then through concerned process steps such as aligning, peeling, flaw detection, scale blankings.
Q2 carries out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc., and result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
This embodiment is for the manufacture method that the crank axle for vessel material of the present invention is described and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method.
(1) smelting process of electric furnace smelting+LF external refining+VD vacuum degassing is adopted, then 19 minutes (casting process that low temperature is noted slowly) of casting at 1534 DEG C of temperature, with the gross weight of acquisition steel for benchmark, wherein, the content of C is 0.43 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.74 weight %, the content of Si is 0.27 weight %, the content of P is 0.009 weight %, the content of S is 0.006 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.15 weight %, the content of Mo is 0.21 weight %, the content of Ni is 0.43 weight %, the content of V is 0.1 weight %, the content of Cu is 0.08 weight %, the content of ferrum is 96.575 weight %；9t octagon ingot it is cast into after tapping；
(2) the steel ingot temperature that 9t octagon ingot enters heating furnace through delivering to forge is 530 DEG C of temperature, is 6h the temperature retention times of 1210 DEG C；
Press cogging adopts the mode of production that two upsettings two are pulled out, the deformation program of i.e. upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, jumping-up adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle, at 1210 DEG C, make steel fully be deformed, forge the intermediate blank to Ф 450-Ф 550mm, whole forging process does not melt down, one fire is swaged into, and described press is the press of 4500KN, deformation is former height the 1/3 of each jumping-up；
Use clearage with grinding wheel surface after intermediate blank forging, then at precise forging machine heating furnace with 1170 DEG C of heating, temperature retention time is 2.5h, then with the precise forging machine forging of 1800KN to becoming a useful person；
(3) after having forged, descending cold bed as early as possible, fall into stove in stove with overhead traveling crane cold, it is 180 DEG C that stove is cooled to temperature, reheats and adopts insulation 7.5 hours at 870 DEG C of temperature, is then cooled at 770 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h again and is incubated 8.5 hours；
(4) sampling detection, steel obtain the finished product material Q3 of required size specification then through concerned process steps such as aligning, peeling, flaw detection, scale blankings.
Q3 carries out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc., and result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
This embodiment is for the manufacture method that the crank axle for vessel material of the present invention is described and the crank axle for vessel manufactured by the method.
(1) smelting process of electric furnace smelting+LF external refining+VD vacuum degassing is adopted, then 18 minutes (casting process that low temperature is noted slowly) of casting at 1535 DEG C of temperature, with the gross weight of acquisition steel for benchmark, wherein, the content of C is 0.4 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.70 weight %, the content of Si is 0.22 weight %, the content of P is 0.013 weight %, the content of S is 0.006 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.11 weight %, the content of Mo is 0.20 weight %, the content of Ni is 0.41 weight %, the content of V is 0.1 weight %, the content of Cu is 0.12 weight %, the content of ferrum is 96.721 weight %；9t octagon ingot it is cast into after tapping；
(2) the steel ingot temperature that 9t octagon ingot enters heating furnace through delivering to forge is 550 DEG C of temperature, is 5.5h the temperature retention times of 1220 DEG C；
Press cogging adopts the mode of production that two upsettings two are pulled out, the deformation program of i.e. upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, jumping-up adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle, at 1230 DEG C, make steel fully be deformed, forge the intermediate blank to Ф 450-Ф 550mm, whole forging process does not melt down, one fire is swaged into, and described press is the press of 4500KN, deformation is former height the 1/3 of each jumping-up；
Use clearage with grinding wheel surface after intermediate blank forging, then at precise forging machine heating furnace with 1180 DEG C of heating, temperature retention time is 2.5h, then with the precise forging machine forging of 1800KN to becoming a useful person；
(3) after having forged, descending cold bed as early as possible, fall into stove in stove with overhead traveling crane cold, it is 200 DEG C that stove is cooled to temperature, reheats and adopts insulation 7 hours at 870 DEG C of temperature, is then cooled at 770 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h again and is incubated 8 hours；
(4) sampling detection, steel obtain the finished product material Q4 of required size specification then through concerned process steps such as aligning, peeling, flaw detection, scale blankings.
Q4 carries out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc., and result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Crank axle for vessel is manufactured according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that, in step (3), carrying out heat treated condition is: after described intermediate blank being cooled down, reheat and be incubated 9 hours at 850 DEG C of temperature, be then cooled to 450 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove with the rate of cooling of 40 DEG C/h again.
The DQ1 of preparation is carried out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc. by result, and result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Crank axle for vessel is manufactured according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that, in step (2), the condition carrying out forging is: press cogging adopts the mode of production of " upsetting one is pulled out ", the i.e. deformation program of " upsetting-pull out ", jumping-up adopts the jumping-up mode beating pincers handle, at 1200 DEG C, steel is made fully to be deformed, forging the intermediate blank to Ф 450-Ф 550mm, do not melt down in whole forging process, a fire is swaged into, described press is the press of 4500KN, deformation is former height the 1/3 of each jumping-up；
The DQ2 of preparation is carried out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc. by result, and result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
Crank axle for vessel is manufactured according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that, in step (1), the condition carrying out casting is: the casting process cast 20 minutes at 1545 DEG C of temperature.
The DQ3 of preparation is carried out the test of mechanical property (tensile strength and impact) and grain size etc. by result, and result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Result according to embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 is it can be seen that the tensile strength of embodiment 1-4 is above the tensile strength of comparative example 1-3, the impact of embodiment 1-4 is also superior to the impact of comparative example 1-3, the grain size of embodiment 1-4 is all higher than 5 grades, and the impact of comparative example 1-3 is respectively less than 5 grades, and embodiment 1-4 low power performance all can reach qualified.
Illustrate that the present invention forges the requirement of material by adopting the bent axle of said method manufacture to meet 42CrMoA (+Ni+V), may be used on marine diesel machine crankshaft.
It addition, the method for the present invention adopts the casting process that low temperature is noted slowly, can guarantee that steel obtains low gas content and tramps levels, it is ensured that the internal soundness of steel；And
By the mode of production that press two upsetting two is pulled out, can fully ensure that the broken of steel ingot as-cast structure, then be equipped with suitable deflection and recovery and recrystallization effect, crystal grain can be made to obtain refining more fully, be conducive to grain size and the detection capability of steel；Adopt slow cooling+isothermal annealed heat treatment mode, make the tissue of steel change according to required tissue, can fully control the Widmannstatten structure and the banded structure that are harmful to so that it is rank reaches required requirement, and obtains the thin ferrite and pearlite needed.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above; but, the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, in the technology concept of the present invention; technical scheme can being carried out multiple simple variant, these simple variant belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, it is possible to be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible compound modes are no longer illustrated by the present invention separately.
Additionally, can also carry out combination in any between the various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to the thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (18)
1. a manufacture method for crank axle for vessel material, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) molten steel after smelting is cast into steel ingot；
(2) mode that two upsettings two are pulled out is adopted to be forged by described steel ingot；
(3) adopt and first cool down again isothermal annealed heat treatment mode the forging material after step (2) is carried out post processing；
Wherein, in step (1), the condition of described molten steel casting includes: cast temperature is 1525-1535 DEG C, and casting time is 15-25 minute；
In step (3), described heat treated condition includes: be cooled at temperature≤200 DEG C after forging by described forging material, it is again heated at 850-900 DEG C of temperature and is incubated 7-8 hour, be then cooled at 750-800 DEG C of temperature with the rate of cooling of 30 DEG C/h to 35 DEG C/h again and be incubated 8-9 hour.
2. manufacture method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (1), the condition of described molten steel casting includes: cast temperature is 1529-1531 DEG C, and casting time is 19-23 minute.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (1), described steel ingot is weight is the octagon ingot of 6-9 ton.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (1), described smelting includes the smelting process of electric furnace smelting, external refining and vacuum outgas.
5. manufacture method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (1), with the gross weight of described steel ingot for benchmark, the content of C is 0.4-0.44 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.7-0.75 weight %, the content of Si is the content that content is≤0.02 weight %, S of 0.2-0.3 weight %, P is≤0.015 weight %, the content of Cr is 1-1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is the content that content is 0.4-0.5 weight %, V of 0.2-0.24 weight %, Ni is 0.07-0.1 weight %, the content of Cu is≤0.2 weight %, and all the other are the content of Fe.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein, in step (1), with the gross weight of described steel ingot for benchmark, the content of C is 0.41-0.43 weight %, the content of Mn is 0.71-0.73 weight %, the content of Si is the content that content is≤0.012 weight %, S of 0.22-0.25 weight %, P is≤0.006 weight %, the content of Cr is 1.12-1.19 weight %, the content of Mo is the content that content is 0.43-0.44 weight %, V of 0.21-0.22 weight %, Ni is 0.08-0.09 weight %, the content of Cu is≤0.15 weight %, and all the other are the content of Fe.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (2), described forging includes the process that described steel ingot carries out pretreatment, press cogging and finish forge.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, steel ingot is forged to intermediate blank after described press cogging, and the diameter of described intermediate blank is 450-550mm.
9. method according to claim 7, wherein, the condition of described pretreatment includes: described steel ingot enters the initial temperature of heating furnace for be more than or equal to 500 DEG C, being then incubated 5-6 hour at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the condition of described pretreatment includes: described steel ingot enters the initial temperature of heating furnace and is 500-550 DEG C, is then incubated 5-6 hour at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C.
11. the method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, the condition of described press cogging includes: implement at temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C.
12. method according to claim 7, wherein, described press is the press of 4500KN.
13. method according to claim 11, wherein, described press is the press of 4500KN.
14. method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the mode that described two upsettings two are pulled out is the deformation program of upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, and the deformation of jumping-up every time is for less than the 1/2 of former height.
15. method according to claim 14, wherein, in step (2), the mode that described two upsettings two are pulled out is the deformation program of upsetting-pull out-upsetting-pull out, and the 1/2-1/3 that the deformation of jumping-up every time is former height.
16. method according to claim 7, wherein, described finish forge is the precise forging machine of 1800KN.
17. the method according to claim 7 or 16, wherein, the condition of described finish forge includes: be incubated 2-3 hour at 1170-1190 DEG C of temperature.
18. crank axle for vessel prepared by the method described in claim 1-17 any one.
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| CN114657363A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-24 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Method for improving 42CrMoA crankshaft band-shaped structure |
| CN115323107A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-11-11 | 青海西钢特殊钢科技开发有限公司 | Steel production method for eliminating large-size crankshaft magnetic mark defect |
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| CN102728772B (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏金源锻造股份有限公司 | A kind of forging method of crankshaft used for large boat |
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